DE4110640A1 - Laminate FRP construction wood prods. - consists of e.g. veneer or chipboard bonded to unidirectional or crossed fibre FRP in the form of e.g. three, four or more ply boards - Google Patents

Abstract

Mouldings consist of a wood material with a laminate of frp or at least one side; the fibres of the laminate concerned run parallel to each other and close together and are impregnated with excess resin. Suitable fibres are glass, carbon, polyamide, polyester, acrylic, aromatic polyethylene or silicon carbide; the wood material is a veneer or layer of chipboard; the laminating resin is phenolic, epoxy, melamine, urea, polyester or silicone. ADVANTAGE - The prods. can take heavy mechanical loads and are inexpensive. (3pp Dwg.No.4/8)

Description

The present invention relates to a shaped body according to the preamble of claim 1.

Shaped bodies of this type are known per se. You use there at primarily their anisotropic properties crossed fiber orientation angles to keep the overall strength multi-layer composite and freedom from distortion by balancing the tensions. For example, such shaped bodies made of glass fiber plastic has proven itself for years. Here are art resin-impregnated glass fiber mats and fabrics in layers placed on top of each other and glued or pressed together. In the same way, wood veneers are leased with crossing fiber direction to plywood bound.

However, both types of moldings have against significant disadvantages over monolithic structures. So had  For example, a molded body made of fiberglass Disadvantage of the relatively high weight with larger laminates thick and corresponding buckling stiffness, while for Example when using carbon fibers the buckling stiff sufficient, but the fiber price is too high. A Molded bodies made of wood veneer, on the other hand, ver to plywood presses a sufficient tensile, compressive, bending and Missing shear strength and impact strength. Shaped bodies of the two types mentioned above can be so do not use with higher strength requirements.

EP 01 42 906 is a generic molded article known in which the wood-based material be from a veneer stands and in which the laminate layer by a synthetic resin is connected to the wood material.

The laminate is for example in the form of a so-called called prepregs applied, the fiber fabric is pre-impregnated with synthetic resin. A disadvantage of the known shaped body is that the nature and the resulting inaccurate connecting the laminate layer with the woodwork optimal load capacity cannot be achieved.

The present invention is based on the object to design a shaped body of the generic type in such a way that the resilience improves overall and the Manufacturing costs can be reduced.

This object is achieved by the in the characterizing solved part of claim 1 mentioned features.  

These measures initially bring a better connection the fiber layer with the wood material, since the para ll to each other and seamlessly next to each other lying fibers, which are also called filaments, practically form a full surface in which there are no intermediate spaces spaces, such as those used in fabrics by thread ver there are crossings.

In addition to the significantly improved mechanical stress ability of the molded body is also a considerable Ver improvement of fire resistance, since the seamless juxtaposition of the individual fibers flames hitting no possibility on the to break through underlying wood material.

Through the use of incombustible phenolic resin, the Molded bodies both fire and weather resistant, the visible side being provided with a decorative panel can.

Through the invention, the proportion of fibers in the volume the laminate layer compared to the prior art considerably increased, so that either the resilience increases or the Vo lumen and thus the amount of resin to be applied is reduced can be. This means a significant cost reducing material and weight saving.

A particularly advantageous, because inexpensive manufacture a shaped body is given when the woodwork fabric consists of a particle board, which is then used as panels material used in the construction and furniture industries  that can. Other possible uses are in the wagon and vehicle construction, container and container construction; as Scha slabs in building; Mold making; Boat and ship construction; Transport and storage containers for heavy and sharp angular transport goods; Bridge coverings; as well as due to the absolute weather resistance as building elements on the outside area and as large facade elements.

The molded body according to the invention is made from the two main components, wood veneer A and fiber plastic B, preferably in a crossing fiber orientation (0 ° and 90 °), an important idea of the invention being that there was no need for expensive gluing of the veneer (A 1 and A 2 ) can. This is achieved by impregnating the fibers running parallel to one another, which can also be referred to as unidirectional fiber fabrics (B 1 and B 2 ), by overdosing the impregnating resin on the basis of epoxy, polyester, phenol, melamine, urea, Silicone or the like. These unidirectional fiber fabrics can be prefabricated or placed locally on the wood material by feeding in fiber rovings by pulling them off directly from a spool tree.

Any assignment is possible depending on the application requirements Individual layers are possible. There are other fibers too crossing angle possible, for example to create an invention according to shaped bodies with quasi-isotropic properties create the same Wi in all stress levels which has moments of torque and the same mechanical strength.

Another idea of the invention is the use of  unidirectional carbon fiber fabric with high elasticity module and at the same time very high specific tensile strength speed. In individual cases it can also make sense to have one such composite when using the molded body to he ask for shielding against radiation or ex Extremely light and heavy-duty molded body provided.

For many areas, the molded body has a decor, printed or as a single layer.

As already mentioned, there is an inexpensive option given that a chipboard on at least one Surface with impregnated unidirectional fibers is layered. If both surfaces are in this way layered, this results in a sandwich effect, the chipboard is the static neutral zone and the unidirectional fiber layers the top and bottom Form belts analogous to a TT carrier.

Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are derived from the subclaims.

Embodiments of the invention are as follows described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an inventive mold body,

Fig. 2 shows the bottom view of the molded body according to FIG. 1, Fig. 3-8 different embodiments of the molded body in cross section or in a graphical representation ( Fig. 8).

In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figures len are identified by the reference symbol A wood-based materials net, which is a component of the molded body according to the invention represent, while with the reference symbol B fiber reinforced te laminate layers are designated, with the respective associated wood material A are connected.

In Fig. 1, the top of a molded body is provided, which is formed by the wood material A, for example a veneer or a chipboard.

The underside of the molded body is shown in FIG. 2, the laminate layer B consisting of a plurality of identically oriented, gently adjacent fibers which are connected to one another by diagonal threads Ba to reinforce the fibers. The laminate layer B is impregnated with an excess amount of laminate resin and bonded to the wood material A by applying pressure and / or heat.

In Fig. 3, a molded body is shown, one side of which is made of a wood material A 1 and the other side of which is formed by a laminate layer B 1 connected to the wood material A 1 , the fibers of the laminate layer B 1 transversely to the direction of the fiber Wood material A 1 run.

In FIG. 4, a molded article is shown in which the outer sides each consist of a laminate layer B 1, while arranged transversely to the direction of the fibers is disposed between the laminate layers of the wood material A 1 and firmly connected to the laminate layers B 1.

The embodiment of FIG. 5, however, shows a parallel to the grain direction of the wooden material A 2 ver current arrangement of the fibers of the laminate layer B 2.

Further advantageous embodiment variants are shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the shaped body shown in FIG. 6 having two interconnected laminate layers B 1 , B 2 in the central region, the fibers of which are each offset from one another. These La minatschichten B 1 , B 2 are on the other hand glued with Holzwerkstof fen, the fiber direction is transverse to the fiber direction of the laminate layer B 1 . The preferably plate-shaped wood materials A 1 are covered with wood materials A 2 , the fiber orientation of which runs transversely to the underlying ones.

The molded body of FIG. 7 is a the neutra le zone forming chipboard A 3 which are arranged on both sides of laminate layers B 2, while a further laminate layer B 1, with their transverse fibers, one of the laminate layers B covers 2.

Fig. 8 finally shows a plate-shaped body, the core of which is formed by two interconnected wood-based panels A 1, which is provided on the outside with a laminate layer B 2 .

In addition to the embodiments shown, the outside  on a laminate layer also a De, not shown cork layer can be applied.

Claims (7)

1. Shaped body, consisting of a wood material, which is provided on at least one surface with a fiber-reinforced laminate layer impregnated with laminating resin, characterized in that the fibers of the laminate layer are arranged parallel to one another and without gaps, the laminate layer being impregnated with an excess amount of laminating resin . 2. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that that the fibers through transverse consolidation threads (B, a) are connected. 3. Shaped body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized records that the fibers made of glass, carbon, polyaramid, Polyester, acrylic, aromatic polyethylene or Silicon carbide fibers exist. 4. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that the wood material (A) consists of peeling or sliced veneer made of chipboard (A 3 ) or end grain sections. 5. Shaped body according to claim 4, characterized in that the chipboard (A 3 ) is covered on both sides by at least one laminate layer. 6. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that as a laminating resin for impregnation and bonding the laminate layer with the wood material phenolic, Epoxy, melamine, urea, polyester or Silicone resins are provided. 7. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that both the wood-based material and the laminate layer each other at any crossing angle assigned.