DE3880155D1 - Pyrolyses von organischem material. - Google Patents

Pyrolyses von organischem material.

Info

Publication number
DE3880155D1
DE3880155D1 DE8888910067T DE3880155T DE3880155D1 DE 3880155 D1 DE3880155 D1 DE 3880155D1 DE 8888910067 T DE8888910067 T DE 8888910067T DE 3880155 T DE3880155 T DE 3880155T DE 3880155 D1 DE3880155 D1 DE 3880155D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pct
date
organic material
zone
sec
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE8888910067T
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
DE3880155T2 (de
Inventor
Kenneth Michael Holland
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3880155D1 publication Critical patent/DE3880155D1/de
Publication of DE3880155T2 publication Critical patent/DE3880155T2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
    • C08J11/12—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by dry-heat treatment only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/126—Microwaves
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B19/00—Heating of coke ovens by electrical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J2219/12—Processes employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J2219/1203—Incoherent waves
    • B01J2219/1206—Microwaves
    • B01J2219/1209—Features relating to the reactor or vessel
    • B01J2219/1221—Features relating to the reactor or vessel the reactor per se
    • B01J2219/1224—Form of the reactor
    • B01J2219/1227—Reactors comprising tubes with open ends
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2321/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified rubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
DE8888910067T 1987-11-11 1988-11-11 Pyrolyses von organischem material. Expired - Fee Related DE3880155T2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8726397A GB8726397D0 (en) 1987-11-11 1987-11-11 Processing of organic material
PCT/GB1988/000979 WO1989004355A1 (en) 1987-11-11 1988-11-11 Pyrolysis of organic material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3880155D1 true DE3880155D1 (de) 1993-05-13
DE3880155T2 DE3880155T2 (de) 1993-07-29

Family

ID=10626773

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE8888910067T Expired - Fee Related DE3880155T2 (de) 1987-11-11 1988-11-11 Pyrolyses von organischem material.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5084141A (de)
EP (1) EP0409835B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03502202A (de)
AT (1) ATE87966T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3880155T2 (de)
GB (1) GB8726397D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1989004355A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (61)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5507927A (en) * 1989-09-07 1996-04-16 Emery Microwave Management Inc. Method and apparatus for the controlled reduction of organic material
RO115138B1 (ro) * 1992-01-30 1999-11-30 Emery Microwave Management Inc Metoda si aparat pentru reducerea controlata a materialelor organice
DE4206109C2 (de) * 1992-02-27 1994-09-01 Bruker Franzen Analytik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung fester Proben mit Hilfe pyrolytischer Verdampfung für eine Analyse mittels eines Massenspektrometers oder eines Gaschromatographen
US5264640A (en) * 1992-04-06 1993-11-23 S-P Reclamation, Inc. Depolymerization method for resource recovery from polymeric wastes
US5369215A (en) * 1992-04-06 1994-11-29 S-P Reclamation, Inc. Depolymerization method for resource recovery from polymeric wastes
US5504267A (en) * 1992-04-06 1996-04-02 S-P Reclamation, Inc. Resource recovery by catalytic conversion of polymers
US5397551A (en) * 1992-07-09 1995-03-14 Daesung Industrial Co., Ltd. Incinerator
SE516080C2 (sv) * 1992-10-28 2001-11-12 Alf Johansson Förfarande och anordning för återvinning av sådana beståndsdelar som gas, olja och fasta ämnen från exempelvis gummi
GB9302399D0 (en) * 1993-02-05 1993-03-24 Holland Kenneth M Thermal treatment of carbonaceous material
US5423891A (en) * 1993-05-06 1995-06-13 Taylor; Robert A. Method for direct gasification of solid waste materials
US5366595A (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-22 Padgett Michael A Mobile apparatus for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material and related method
US5430207A (en) * 1993-05-20 1995-07-04 Keck; Jack C. Process for degrading complex hydrocarbons to produce simpler hydrocarbons
US5389691A (en) * 1993-09-07 1995-02-14 Univ. Of Wyoming Process for co-recycling tires and oils
FR2723746B1 (fr) * 1994-08-22 1998-07-24 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de production de noir de carbone par pyrolyse de dechets de caoutchouc prealablement broyes et deferailles.
US5783046A (en) * 1994-11-28 1998-07-21 Gentech, Inc. Process and apparatus for the destructive distillation of rubber
GB9526289D0 (en) 1995-12-22 1996-02-21 Holland Kenneth M Pyrolysis of organic materials
DE19617450A1 (de) * 1996-05-02 1997-11-06 Hessabi Iradj Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von gummiartigen Elastomeren
ZA978412B (en) * 1996-09-20 1998-06-15 Emery Microwave Managemnet Inc Method and apparatus for gasification of, and stabilization of gaseous products of, organic materials.
US7101464B1 (en) * 1997-05-09 2006-09-05 The Tire Chief, Inc. Microwave pyrolysis apparatus for waste tires
HU1448U (en) * 1997-10-06 1998-12-28 Barsi Continuous closed pyrolysis system for treating of waste rubber
DE19800567A1 (de) * 1997-12-29 1999-07-08 Loedige Maschbau Gmbh Geb Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Kraftfahrzeugreifen
GB9921520D0 (en) 1999-09-14 1999-11-17 Pearson Frederick Treatment of carbonaceous material
US6571648B2 (en) 2001-03-22 2003-06-03 Kansas Department Of Transportation Method of accelerated aging of neat asphalt binder using microwave radiation process
US6653517B2 (en) * 2001-04-03 2003-11-25 Billy P Bullock Hydrocarbon conversion apparatus and method
DE10201516A1 (de) * 2002-01-17 2003-08-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Leitfähiges Formteil und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US8354005B2 (en) * 2005-02-02 2013-01-15 Kjell Ivar Kasin Microwave gasification, pyrolysis and recycling of waste and other organic materials
US7927465B2 (en) 2006-02-02 2011-04-19 Novak John F Method and apparatus for microwave reduction of organic compounds
US20080063578A1 (en) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-13 Humboldt Environmental and Renewable Technolgies, Inc. System and method for reducing carbonaceous materials
US9951281B2 (en) * 2006-12-14 2018-04-24 John Otis Farneman Microwave based systems and methods for obtaining carbonaceous compounds from polypropylene-containing products
DK2125193T3 (da) * 2006-12-14 2012-09-03 Micro Recovery Solutions Llc Genbrugs- og materialegenvindingssystem samt fremgangsmåde i forbindelse hermed
KR100853814B1 (ko) 2007-09-21 2008-08-22 에이치케이산업(주) 출력가변형 마이크로파를 이용한 폐타이어의 오일회수장치및 방법
WO2010001137A2 (en) 2008-07-04 2010-01-07 University Of York Microwave torrefaction of biomass
EP2174977A1 (de) 2008-10-07 2010-04-14 Imperial Innovations Limited Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Kohlenstoffschwarz aus vulkanisiertem Gummi
DE102008062350C5 (de) * 2008-12-15 2016-03-31 Carbo Tex Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Rückgewinnen von Kohlenstofffasern und/oder Aktivkohlepartikeln
CZ20095A3 (cs) * 2009-01-09 2010-06-16 Ústav chemických procesu AV CR Zpusob rafinace kovového substrátu ze zpracování odpadních pneumatik a zarízení k jeho provádení
US9545609B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2017-01-17 Tekgar, Llv Pyrolysis oil made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
US20110179701A1 (en) * 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 G-Energy Technologies, Llc Torrefaction of ligno-cellulosic biomasses and mixtures
US20120024843A1 (en) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-02 General Electric Company Thermal treatment of carbonaceous materials
CN102207350B (zh) * 2011-05-19 2013-05-01 广东科达机电股份有限公司 一种微波流化干燥褐煤的方法
WO2013036694A1 (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-14 Johnston John C A thermal conversion combined torrefaction and pyrolysis reactor system and method thereof
CN102776008A (zh) * 2012-07-26 2012-11-14 枣庄新中兴实业有限责任公司 微波干馏裂解生物质连续生产线装置
US9540580B2 (en) * 2013-01-28 2017-01-10 Tekgar, Llv Char made with a microwave-transparent reaction chamber for production of fuel from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock
KR20170117454A (ko) * 2015-02-13 2017-10-23 카본스케이프 리미티드 바이오매스로부터의 흑연 제조
ITUB20160894A1 (it) * 2016-02-19 2017-08-19 Ferram Recycling S R L Procedimento per l’ottenimento di materia prima derivante da materiale di scarto
CN105733644B (zh) * 2016-03-14 2017-10-31 四川宏图普新微波科技有限公司 一种裂解气循环加热与微波结合的轮胎橡胶裂解方法
US10280377B1 (en) * 2016-03-24 2019-05-07 Helge Carl Nestler Pyrolysis and steam cracking system
US20190048166A1 (en) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-14 Environmental Waste International, Inc. Hybrid processing of waste material
CN107376802B (zh) * 2017-09-15 2019-12-27 四川宏图普新微波科技有限公司 一种用于微波裂解废轮胎的保持腔内洁净运行的工艺
US11111439B1 (en) * 2018-01-02 2021-09-07 Microwave Renewable Technologies Microwave apparatus for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material and related method
TWI667339B (zh) * 2018-09-06 2019-08-01 永虹先進材料股份有限公司 高溫碳化爐
CN109724405A (zh) * 2019-01-11 2019-05-07 丰镇市新太新材料科技有限公司 一种制备高碳铬铁用节能环保型电炉
CH715973A1 (de) * 2019-03-19 2020-09-30 Microwave Solutions Gmbh Pyrolyse von polymeren Abfallmateriallien.
US11920004B2 (en) * 2020-04-01 2024-03-05 Environmental Waste International, Inc. Hybrid processing of waste material
EP3919438A1 (de) 2020-06-03 2021-12-08 Behzad Sahabi Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen spaltung eines kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen ausgangsmaterials sowie verwendung des verfahrens
DE102020210343A1 (de) 2020-08-14 2022-02-17 Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zum Recycling eines Fahrzeugreifens
WO2022056212A1 (en) 2020-09-14 2022-03-17 Ecolab Usa Inc. Cold flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock
CH717881B1 (de) * 2020-09-18 2023-02-28 Microwave Solutions Gmbh Pyrolyse von kohlenstoffbasiertem Material.
CH717883B1 (de) * 2020-09-18 2024-02-29 Microwave Solutions Gmbh Pyrolyse von Reifenmaterial.
EP4416248A1 (de) 2021-10-14 2024-08-21 Ecolab Usa Inc. Fäulnisverhindernde mittel für synthetische rohstoffe aus kunststoff
EP4440978A1 (de) 2021-12-02 2024-10-09 Behzad Sahabi Verfahren und vorrichtung zur niedertemperaturspaltung eines kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen ausgangsmaterials
CN114165314A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-11 威海泓创企业管理咨询有限公司 一种废旧轮胎裂解不凝气发电机尾气处理装置和方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3449213A (en) * 1964-08-04 1969-06-10 Edward M Knapp Pyrolysis of coal with microwave energy
US3843457A (en) * 1971-10-14 1974-10-22 Occidental Petroleum Corp Microwave pyrolysis of wastes
JPS4860079A (de) * 1971-11-30 1973-08-23
JPS51124104A (en) * 1975-04-23 1976-10-29 Nippon Mining Co Ltd Method for recovering oil
US4118282A (en) * 1977-08-15 1978-10-03 Wallace Energy Conversion, Inc. Process and apparatus for the destructive distillation of high molecular weight organic materials
US4376034A (en) * 1979-12-17 1983-03-08 Wall Edward T Method and apparatus for recovering carbon products from oil shale
US4647443A (en) * 1984-10-12 1987-03-03 Fred Apffel Recovery process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03502202A (ja) 1991-05-23
ATE87966T1 (de) 1993-04-15
DE3880155T2 (de) 1993-07-29
EP0409835B1 (de) 1993-04-07
EP0409835A1 (de) 1991-01-30
WO1989004355A1 (en) 1989-05-18
US5084141A (en) 1992-01-28
GB8726397D0 (en) 1987-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3880155D1 (de) Pyrolyses von organischem material.
NZ222007A (en) Treating waste material by pelletising and vitrifying
US3668077A (en) Process for conversion of municipal waste
ES404634A1 (es) Un procedimiento de incineracion, para deshacerse de basurasolida que contiene material organico combustible y materialinorganico incombustible.
BG104615A (en) Method for gasifying organic substances and substance mixtures
ATE453700T1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur pyrolyse und vergasung von organischen stoffen oder stoffgemischen
CA2169768A1 (en) Plant for thermal waste disposal and process for operating such a plant
TR25626A (tr) HURDA DEMIRIN,ICINDE BULUNAN RECINELI KALINTILARI ISIL ISLEMLE CÖZEREK,ÖN ISITMAYA MARUZ BIRAKILMA- SINA,BUNLARIN ENERJI MUHTEVASINDAN TEKRAR TAM OLARAK YARARLANILMASINA VE CELIK üRETIMI CEVRIMIN- DE
GR3017987T3 (en) Pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed combustor apparatus and process.
SG41945A1 (en) Method and apparatus for waste treatment
ES2092771T3 (es) Metodo para incinerar desechos en una instalacion de horno de cemento.
EP0631990A3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen von Beschickungsgut für Glas-Schmelzöfen.
YU218390A (sh) Postupak za preradu čvrstih otpadaka, posebno kućnih otpadaka i uredjaj za njegovo izvodjenje
EP0780457A3 (de) Pyrolyse von organischem Material
HU9500835D0 (en) Method and apparatus for the yield of heat energy from waste materials, mainly from refuse
FI954605A (fi) Menetelmä jätemateriaalin, erityisesti jätteiden lämpökäsittelemiseksi ja kiertoputkiuuni menetelmän toteuttamiseksi
ES2079674T3 (es) Destruccion de desechos.
ATE217899T1 (de) System zur verwertung von organischen abfallmaterialien
GB1464435A (en) Process and apparatus for dry distillation and thermal de composition of solid combustible waste containing plastics
FR2385037A1 (fr) Procede de traitement thermique de dechets et four pour sa mise en oeuvre
JPS56152799A (en) Treatment of waste matter containing cyanide
DE3262452D1 (en) Process and installation for heating a cement oven
JPS56165817A (en) Thermal decomposition apparatus for waste
Collin Pyrolysis oils from wastes- New chemical raw materials of the future
EP0844298A3 (de) Verfahren zur Vergasung von glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoffen und Vorrichtung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee