DE3780452D1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur biologischen verarbeitung metallhaltiger erze. - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur biologischen verarbeitung metallhaltiger erze.Info
- Publication number
- DE3780452D1 DE3780452D1 DE8787901845T DE3780452T DE3780452D1 DE 3780452 D1 DE3780452 D1 DE 3780452D1 DE 8787901845 T DE8787901845 T DE 8787901845T DE 3780452 T DE3780452 T DE 3780452T DE 3780452 D1 DE3780452 D1 DE 3780452D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- oxidation
- bearing solids
- placement
- metal containing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23124—Diffusers consisting of flexible porous or perforated material, e.g. fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23124—Diffusers consisting of flexible porous or perforated material, e.g. fabric
- B01F23/231245—Fabric in the form of woven, knitted, braided, non-woven or flocculated fibers or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
- B01F25/21—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams with submerged injectors, e.g. nozzles, for injecting high-pressure jets into a large volume or into mixing chambers
- B01F25/212—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams with submerged injectors, e.g. nozzles, for injecting high-pressure jets into a large volume or into mixing chambers the injectors being movable, e.g. rotating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/08—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
- B01J8/10—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles moved by stirrers or by rotary drums or rotary receptacles or endless belts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
- B01F23/231264—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being in the form of plates, flat beams, flat membranes or films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
- B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
- B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
- B01F23/237612—Oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S423/00—Chemistry of inorganic compounds
- Y10S423/09—Reaction techniques
- Y10S423/17—Microbiological reactions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/827,324 US4732608A (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1986-02-07 | Method for biological processing of metal-containing ores |
US07/005,670 US4974816A (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1987-01-21 | Method and apparatus for biological processing of metal-containing ores |
PCT/US1987/000267 WO1987004694A1 (en) | 1986-02-07 | 1987-02-06 | Method and apparatus for biological processing of metal-containing ores |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3780452D1 true DE3780452D1 (de) | 1992-08-20 |
DE3780452T2 DE3780452T2 (de) | 1993-03-11 |
Family
ID=26674623
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE8787901845T Expired - Fee Related DE3780452T2 (de) | 1986-02-07 | 1987-02-06 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur biologischen verarbeitung metallhaltiger erze. |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4974816A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0294387B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS63502796A (de) |
KR (1) | KR880700772A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE78240T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1329989C (de) |
DE (1) | DE3780452T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2001827A6 (de) |
FI (1) | FI883604A (de) |
GR (1) | GR870202B (de) |
NZ (1) | NZ219219A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1987004694A1 (de) |
ZW (1) | ZW15687A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5227136A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1993-07-13 | Envirotech Corporation | Bioslurry reactor for treatment of slurries containing minerals, soils and sludges |
AR245506A1 (es) * | 1990-11-07 | 1994-01-31 | Leaching S R L Y Shell Chile S | Un proceso de bio-metalurgica en el cual se produce la bio-oxidacion de compuestos minerales |
US5232596A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-08-03 | Radian Corporation | Bio-slurry reaction system and process for hazardous waste treatment |
US5217617A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-08 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Multi-cell transportable bioslurry reactor |
US5449397A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1995-09-12 | Hunter; Robert M. | Biocatalyzed leaching of precious metal values |
WO1996000308A2 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-01-04 | Hunter Robert M | Method and apparatus for extracting precious metals |
US5779996A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1998-07-14 | Innovative Biosystems, Inc. | Microbial remediation reactor and process |
US5616304A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1997-04-01 | Innovative Biosystems, Inc. | Slurry reactor |
NL1003932C2 (nl) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-04 | Stork Bosman Bv | Beluchtingsinrichting voor water in een bassin, met op afstand van het water brengbare arm. |
US6096113A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2000-08-01 | Echo Bay Mines, Limited | Integrated, closed tank biooxidation/heap bioleach/precious metal leach processes for treating refractory sulfide ores |
US5873927A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-02-23 | Echo Bay Mines, Limited | Integrated, tank/heap biooxidation process |
US6346412B1 (en) | 1997-09-03 | 2002-02-12 | Newbio, Inc. | Microbial remediation reactor and process |
US6183706B1 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2001-02-06 | Placer Dome, Inc. | Autoclave having an agitator with an aerating impeller for high oxygen transfer rate to metal-containing slurries and method of use |
US6368381B1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 2002-04-09 | Placer Dome Technical Services, Ltd. | Autoclave using agitator and sparge tube to provide high oxygen transfer rate to metal-containing solutions |
AUPP718098A0 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 1998-12-17 | Bactech (Australia) Pty Limited | Bioxidation process and apparatus |
CA2452777A1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-30 | Bhp Billiton Sa Limited | Recovery of bioleaching microbes |
WO2005061741A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-07 | Bhp Billiton Sa Limited | Method of and apparatus for simulating a biological heap leaching process |
US7604783B2 (en) | 2004-12-22 | 2009-10-20 | Placer Dome Technical Services Limited | Reduction of lime consumption when treating refractor gold ores or concentrates |
US8061888B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2011-11-22 | Barrick Gold Corporation | Autoclave with underflow dividers |
US8252254B2 (en) | 2006-06-15 | 2012-08-28 | Barrick Gold Corporation | Process for reduced alkali consumption in the recovery of silver |
CN101191154B (zh) * | 2006-11-29 | 2010-05-12 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 用于微生物浸出的转鼓式生物反应器 |
US9982321B2 (en) | 2014-12-29 | 2018-05-29 | Freeport Minerals Corporation | Systems and methods for monitoring metal recovery systems |
CN104607443B (zh) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-02-15 | 北京理工大学 | 一种利用膜生物反应器培养生物淋滤液处理固体废弃物的方法 |
CN112334221A (zh) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-02-05 | 日本斯频德制造株式会社 | 浆料制造装置及浆料的制造方法 |
CN111139353B (zh) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-04-05 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | 一种用于硫酸浸出低品位红土镍矿加压除铁旋转反应装置 |
CN111569764A (zh) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-08-25 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | 具有搅拌结构的注浆用浆液设备和配套的浆液制造方法 |
IT202200007067A1 (it) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-08 | Opi Group Soc A Responsabilita Limitata Semplificata | Impianto di dissoluzione di leghe. |
Family Cites Families (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1642051A (en) * | 1925-07-28 | 1927-09-13 | Wall Harold | Aerator for flotation ore separators |
US2718275A (en) * | 1953-04-27 | 1955-09-20 | Infilco Inc | Degasifying apparatus and method |
US2829964A (en) * | 1955-10-24 | 1958-04-08 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Cyclic leaching process employing iron oxidizing bacteria |
GB824376A (en) * | 1956-12-19 | 1959-11-25 | Distillers Co Yeast Ltd | Gas liquid contacting means |
US3441216A (en) * | 1964-11-16 | 1969-04-29 | Raymond J Good | Air diffuser unit for aerating sewage |
DE1246605B (de) * | 1964-11-26 | 1967-08-03 | Schreiber August | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Belueften von Abwasser in einem Belueftungsbecken |
US3433629A (en) * | 1965-01-30 | 1969-03-18 | Tomoji Murata | Process of recovering manganese from manganese ores |
US3490752A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1970-01-20 | Martin Danjes | Aeration device for sewage plants with biological purification |
AT283226B (de) * | 1966-11-09 | 1970-07-27 | Schreiber A | Einrichtung zur belueftung von abwaessern |
US3396950A (en) * | 1967-01-16 | 1968-08-13 | Elmer R. Wood | Diffuser for sewage treatment |
CH468311A (de) * | 1967-04-29 | 1969-02-15 | Menzel & Co | Vorrichtung zum Klären von Abwässern und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb |
DE1658127A1 (de) * | 1967-10-02 | 1971-10-28 | Danjes Martin Dipl Ing | Belebtschlammanlage mit mittig angeordnetem Rundbecken,einem das Rundbecken umschliessenden Belueftungsbecken und schnell umlaufender Bruecke |
DE1784398B1 (de) * | 1968-08-03 | 1970-12-10 | Danjes Dipl Ing Martin | Einrichtung zum feinblasigen Belueften von Abwasser |
US3997634A (en) * | 1973-10-09 | 1976-12-14 | Downs Ernest W | Diffuser assembly |
US3836131A (en) * | 1973-12-26 | 1974-09-17 | Mildrex Corp | Apparatus for cooling a moving bed of solid, gas permeable particles |
US3951758A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1976-04-20 | Menzel & Company | Method of operating a purifying plant and tank for practicing said method |
GB1484044A (en) * | 1974-12-06 | 1977-08-24 | Reed International Ltd | Supporting means for porous diffusers |
US3977606A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-08-31 | Wyss Robert J | Diffuser device |
US4046845A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1977-09-06 | Ferro Corporation | Air diffuser element |
EP0004431B1 (de) * | 1978-03-23 | 1981-09-09 | Interox Chemicals Limited | Erzauslaugung mit Bakterien |
SU800221A1 (ru) * | 1978-09-18 | 1981-01-30 | Усть-Каменогорский Ордена Ленина,Ордена Октябрьской Революции Свин-Цово-Цинковый Комбинат Им.B.И.Ленина | Агитатор дл проведени гидрометал-луРгичЕСКиХ пРОцЕССОВ |
AU5138379A (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1980-04-17 | Arthur David Brown | Improvements in effluent treatment |
US4243616A (en) * | 1979-02-15 | 1981-01-06 | Ronald Wyss | Air diffuser |
SU899119A1 (ru) * | 1980-05-26 | 1982-01-23 | Предприятие П/Я М-5703 | Сорбционный аппарат |
US4497778A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1985-02-05 | University College Cardiff Consultants Limited | Microbial leaching of sulphide-containing ores |
CA1214043A (en) * | 1983-01-26 | 1986-11-18 | Albert Bruynesteyn | Biological-acid leach process |
US4461834A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-07-24 | Homestake Mining Company | Strain of Pseudomonas paucimobilis |
US4440644A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-04-03 | Homestake Mining Company | Method for the biological removal of free and complex cyanides and thiocyanates from water |
DE8426854U1 (de) * | 1984-09-12 | 1985-10-10 | Schüßler, Karl Heinz, 6460 Gelnhausen | Vorrichtung zur Belüftung von Abwasser oder dgl. Medien in Belüftungsbecken |
GB2180829B (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1989-08-16 | Aurotech N L | Precious metal extraction |
SU1359324A1 (ru) * | 1986-02-27 | 1987-12-15 | Московский институт стали и сплавов | Способ подготовки суспензии микроорганизмов к бактериальному окислению руд и концентратов |
-
1987
- 1987-01-21 US US07/005,670 patent/US4974816A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-04 CA CA000529008A patent/CA1329989C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-06 DE DE8787901845T patent/DE3780452T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-06 EP EP87901845A patent/EP0294387B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-06 WO PCT/US1987/000267 patent/WO1987004694A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-02-06 AT AT87901845T patent/ATE78240T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-06 GR GR870202A patent/GR870202B/el unknown
- 1987-02-06 JP JP62501626A patent/JPS63502796A/ja active Pending
- 1987-02-06 ES ES8700292A patent/ES2001827A6/es not_active Expired
- 1987-02-09 NZ NZ219219A patent/NZ219219A/en unknown
- 1987-08-17 ZW ZW156/87A patent/ZW15687A1/xx unknown
- 1987-10-06 KR KR870700903A patent/KR880700772A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1988
- 1988-08-01 FI FI883604A patent/FI883604A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1987004694A1 (en) | 1987-08-13 |
JPS63502796A (ja) | 1988-10-20 |
US4974816A (en) | 1990-12-04 |
ES2001827A6 (es) | 1988-06-16 |
GR870202B (en) | 1987-06-05 |
CA1329989C (en) | 1994-06-07 |
EP0294387A4 (de) | 1989-11-09 |
KR880700772A (ko) | 1988-04-12 |
EP0294387A1 (de) | 1988-12-14 |
NZ219219A (en) | 1990-04-26 |
ZW15687A1 (en) | 1987-10-28 |
FI883604A0 (fi) | 1988-08-01 |
DE3780452T2 (de) | 1993-03-11 |
EP0294387B1 (de) | 1992-07-15 |
ATE78240T1 (de) | 1992-08-15 |
FI883604A (fi) | 1988-08-01 |
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