DE3717024A1 - Device for drilling boreholes and injecting stabilising material - Google Patents

Abstract

For the drilling and subsequent anchoring, a device is provided which consists of an anchor rod with a coarse thread made on the outside and which has a drill bit at the top end and an adaptor at the bottom end for connecting to further anchor rods. In addition, an inner passage is provided through which stabilising material can be put into the borehole. In order to be able to inject this stabilising material with the necessary high pressure, a borehole plug is provided at the bottom end, i.e. in the area of the borehole mouth. The borehole plug is designed in such a way that it can be slipped onto the anchor rod and can then be secured against the borehole wall. To this end, it consists of a flexible sleeve and a wedge body which can be moved on the anchor rod. In addition, the adaptor is formed with a guide part which has an inner helix corresponding to or adapted to the coarse thread and which has a transition piece for connecting to the hammer drill and/or the injection line. It is thereby possible to put the anchor rod into use first of all as a drill rod, then as an injection lance and finally as an anchor rod. Furthermore, coupling nuts are provided on the anchor rod at a distance apart, on the one hand in order to connect individual anchor rods to one another and on the other hand in order to permit accurate guidance of the anchor rods. These anchor rods are designed in such a way that the stabilising material can flow past them. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for drilling boreholes and injecting hardening material, consisting of an anchor rod with external coarse thread and inner continuous inner channel, one the upper one End of the anchor rod forming a drill bit and a opposite end forming or on this setting adapter and coupling nuts for connecting with additional anchor rods.

The combination of different mountain strata by anchoring or attaching these mountain layers A load-bearing mountain layer through anchors has long been known. To do this, holes are drilled into the mountains, into which an anchor rod is then inserted is the deepest in the borehole or over the entire length is clamped or glued to the borehole wall that the desired nail effect occurs. In this manner and ways in underground mining and tunneling entire routes or rooms secured, often that Anchoring is also done as an additional measure to the Support expansion to relieve or the mining Secure cavity additionally. Connecting mountains layers through such anchors is also from the field of Excavation and other areas known. To are usually thrown into the mountains with a slope Drilled holes filled with concrete or other materials, then the solidification of the upcoming layers done systematically. From DE-PS 9 33 328 it is also already known the boring bar with which the borehole is then left in the borehole and to brace there so that the targeted bracing and Anchor effect occurs. There are plans to continue with one step wise pressing of cement milk, so that too If possible, influence the area surrounding the borehole flow and solidify.  

DE-OS 34 00 182.4 sees a similar solution before, after which the boring bar used is in the middle should have an injection channel through which Binder can be introduced later. Especially the formation of the ridges on the outside is emphasized side of the anchor rod, which should form retaining ribs, so that Anchoring the anchor rod in the mountains, i.e. sticking them in to facilitate.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that pressing material, in particular two compos Note gluing is not possible because of this material automatically when pressed in through the so-called injection channel would exit the borehole again, in particular then when such holes obliquely upwards or too be pushed horizontally into the mountains. Just such However, drilling will take place in the area of the crossroads introduced to the pack above the coal seam for example to nail so that he then at Underride with the removal of this better and safer to be supported and carried. Two-component adhesive can only be satisfactorily pressed into the mountains if they are intensively mixed together in good time will. This alone is a correspondingly high one Pressure necessary, but also required at the same time is not only in this material Borehole, but also in the open bad and To push cracks into the mountains.

The invention is based on the object, one at the same time for drilling and for rock solidification by pressure injection to create suitable device.

The object is achieved in that the anchor rod at the end opposite the drill bit  a hole closure is assigned, which consists of a tubular, flexible sleeve and one also tubular wedge body which can be driven into the sleeve exists and that the adapter is the management part for the Anchor rod an inner helix adapted to the coarse thread has and with a transition piece for the hammer drill and / or the injection line is equipped.

With such a device, the gap space systematically closed between anchor and mountains, that the two-component mixture under high pressure by the Anchor can be pressed into the borehole. This makes it possible not only to space the gap between Anchors and mountains with this two-component adhesive fill, but also the pending or adjacent Mountain areas. This is an effective solidification and at the same time anchoring the corresponding mountain areas to reach. Invention is advantageous to use moderate device, especially in the longwall gear range, especially here the combined mode of action the device according to the invention is particularly advantageous becomes effective, so that usually on separate measures another type can be dispensed with. The anchor rods can be advantageous after sticking them in the mountains to be used, the free legs of the expansion arches to fix until it is again after the longwall passage be connected to the stamps or butt elements can. Because of the design of the adapter, it is included possible with relatively inexpensive and simple anchor rods to work without further ado due to this property can stay in the mountains. Because of the detachable A connection between adapter and anchor rod is required no expensive warehousing, since there are several equally long anchor rods due to the to the end solid thread with other anchor rods  the known coupling nuts can be connected. This way you can practically anchor any Length introduced and then by injection to the Gebirgsver consolidation can be used. An enormous versatility records these devices in addition to their simple Handling off.

After an expedient training of the invention provided that the anchor rod is arranged at a distance Coupling nuts are equipped so that over the borehole length of a channel between the borehole wall and anchor rod remains. With the device according to the invention thus an even gap across the entire length the anchor rod accessible, thus a uniform and secure sticking of the anchor rod in the mountains. Here the coils of the coarse thread act as known positive. It is also possible to have sufficient Injecting quantities of injection material into the borehole, in order to make a sure fix in this way to reach. Due to the special shape of the coupling nuts, which preferably have bevels on both sides is achieved that this is even and Allow the anchor rod to be drilled in securely if that is mountain ranges tending to collapse. The clutch nuts are practically from the threaded anchor rods area taken and by appropriate loose rock passed through. On the other hand, it can be targeted with the necessary drilling fluid with water or compressed air be, so that ergonomically perfect working conditions are guaranteed.

Another appropriate training provides that in the outer wall of the coupling nuts in the longitudinal direction of the borehole extending recesses are formed. These recesses ensure the passage of the one hand  Drilling fluid and on the other hand of the hardening material, so that the length of the borehole can also be used several such cavities permanent cavities cannot form in the area of the borehole. After a further training, it is also possible that the clutch nuts have an elongated housing, the outside is rectangular, preferably square. The edges of the housing then form the necessary guidance on the borehole wall while the smooth surfaces in between the passage of the drilling fluid or the hardening Allow material.

Safe management of the interconnected individual anchor rods is given, if approximately in the middle of the Internal thread of the coupling nuts made a middle stop forms is. This means that both are introduced equally Guaranteed ends of adjacent anchor rods, too if the two parts are screwed in one after the other should.

The borehole closure according to the invention does not seal only secure against the borehole wall, but also towards the anchor rod, because according to an expedient Training the wedge body one on the anchor rod has adjacent flexible to soft inner wall or because the wedge is flexible overall across its longitudinal axis is trained. The wedge is thus when pressed in the sleeve once this and against the borehole wall oppressively effective, whereby it is simultaneously the coarse thread enveloping the anchor rod presses. The passage of injection material also at high pressures is in the area of the borehole mouth or the borehole closure securely prevented.  

A safe guide protruding from the borehole End of the anchor rod is given as the guide part of the adapter at the free end tapered forms and is preferably a length of 90 to 110 mm 105 mm. The guide part is thus in the Borehole or pressed into the mouth of the borehole and thus fixed, due to the length a uniform and safe guidance of the anchor rod is given.

Due to the special training it is without further possible, also multi-component, preferably Process two-component mixtures. This is complementary provided that the transition piece for connection with the injection line with a static mixing tube Check valve is connected or such contains an integrated mixing element. With appropriate The length of the transition piece is therefore easy possible to design this as a static mixing tube and with a check valve and a mixing element prepare. Depending on the training, it is also possible that Static mixing tube with check valve and mixing element see above to connect with the transition piece that it is practical forms a unit. Then from the transition piece Multi-component mixture in correspondingly intensive mixing pressed through the anchor rod into the borehole, where it is either in the borehole or in the adjacent one Bad and crevices get stuck and stick together can. Via the check valve in the static mixing tube ensures that when the pump is turned off that already injected injection material does not flow back again. This is particularly important in integrated training secure storage through the upper part of the transition piece Ensuring guiding part, while at separate Training for a pressure-proof connection between  Transition piece and static mixing tube must be taken care of.

In the case of soft rock, it is a particularly inexpensive one Training to achieve the invention when the anchor rod is formed by a known Muniereisen that has a surrounding ridge. Such Muniereisen can be used in pipe form as an injection anchor rod come, with the surrounding ridge for a safe Removal of the dissolved material is taken care of. Also the ammunition later remains in the borehole and forms together with the injected multicomponent mixture the desired nail to solidify the one to open sloping mountain strata.

When designing the anchor rod as a Muniereisen or also as a rod with a coarse thread advantageous if the front one, which forms the drill bit End of the anchor rod bevelled on two or more sides is and that on these inclined surfaces hard metal pox are provided. Such training stands out both through a low manufacturing price as well through sufficient drilling properties. The carbide Smallpox on the slopes ensure that the borehole be produced at sufficient speed can. After further training it is provided that the front end of the anchor rod forming the drill bit is a welded-on, manganese-reinforced double wedge. This is particularly effective when the material is soft Drills can be specified through which the borehole quickly and can be manufactured inexpensively. Generally is too say that as with conventional boring bars also use the advantage of attachable drill bits, that the manufacturing effort remains limited, because yes a separate production of anchor rod or boring bar  and drill bit is possible.

A particularly large-volume inner channel for one Anchor rod can be reached when the anchor rod from a tubular, a continuous longitudinal slot and having inward angled edges and through a clamping device that swallow over an average has tail-shaped recess, prestressed hollow body is formed, the outside of a circumferential spiral Ridge and a kind of disposable core bit having. There remains with such an anchor rod no channel or between this and the borehole wall only a very low volume channel because the anchor rod due to the bias when they dissolve against the Borehole wall clamped, but is within the anchor rod such a large volume that a total very stable nail or anchor for fixing the mountains layers results. Due to the longitudinal slot penetrates in addition, sufficient material in the Area between borehole wall and anchor, where one tight pressing against the borehole wall from any Reasons, especially due to outbreaks is possible. With such training, the The drill bit is expediently placed on the anchor rod at the top, where, for example, when releasing the clamping device is pushed off the anchor rod to spread it open not to hinder afterwards. By appropriate Recesses in the area of the edges can be over the entire length of the anchor is almost explosive Press against the borehole wall.

The invention is characterized in particular by this that a device is created that both Drilling the boreholes into the mountains without large Effort enables, in particular, a safe one Introducing glue, especially two or more compos glue. This makes it possible not just that  Glue anchor or anchor rod in the borehole, but also the multi-component mixture to press effectively into the mountains to form a community here ensure the mountain layers stick. An essential one improved protection of corresponding mountain areas the result is particularly in the area of the longwall. There this area is known to be particularly dangerous and secured with appropriate additional devices can, due to the significantly improved coverage here on part of these additional measures that are very expensive, can be dispensed with.

Further details and advantages result from the following description of the associated drawing in which an embodiment with the necessary Details and individual parts is shown. Show it:

Fig. 1 a in a borehole which started before direction in side view,

Fig. 2 is an anchor rod in a partial view, partly in section,

Fig. 3 shows an adapter for connection to the rotary hammer in a side view,

Fig. 4 shows an adapter for connection to the injection line in side view,

Fig. 5 is a coupling nut in longitudinal section;

Fig. 6, the coupling nut in cross-section,

Fig. 7 shows a wellbore in a downhole direction inserted before closure,

Fig. 8 shows a borehole closure in lateral view,

Fig. 9 shows a setting apparatus in a perspective view;

Fig. 10 is a static mixing tube in side view,

Fig. 11 is a mixing element in a perspective view;

Fig. 12 is a device designed as a clamping hollow body in perspective and

Fig. 13 shows the apparatus of FIG. 12 in section.

Fig. 1 shows a borehole ( 1 ) which extends from the mouth of the borehole ( 2 ) to the bottom of the borehole ( 3 ) and is made with a corresponding diameter in the rock ( 4 ). The anchor rod ( 5 ) is equipped with a coarse thread ( 6 ) and has the front-seated or screwed-on drill bit ( 7 ) and a coupling nut ( 8 ) in the center, via which two such anchor rods ( 5 , 5 ') are connected to one another. On the lower end or the left hand end of the anchor rod (5) a bearing plate (9) is pushed with balltape nut (10) and pressed, whereby via this balltape nut (10) and the bearing plate (9) the fixing or bracing when the channel ( 11 ) between the borehole wall ( 12 ) and anchor rod ( 5 ) is filled with two-component adhesive or another material.

The anchor rod ( 5 ) has a continuous coarse thread ( 6 ). Significantly, Fig. 2, the special design of the coarse thread (6). A saddle ( 15 ) is followed on both sides by the slope area ( 16 , 17 ) over a relatively short length, which is followed by a trough ( 18 ) of approximately the same width. This means that with a relatively short pitch range ( 16 , 17 ), relatively wide saddles ( 15 ) and troughs ( 18 ) are provided. At the upper end of the illustration according to FIG. 2, a section is shown from which the design of the inner channel ( 19 ) becomes clear.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an adapter (20), each of which is equipped with an identically designed guide member (21). This guide part ( 21 ) has an inner helix ( 22 ) which is adapted to the coarse thread ( 6 ) in such a way that it is possible to screw in and effectively fix the lower end of the anchor rod ( 5 ) in the guide part ( 21 ). As a result, both the rotational energy from the transition piece ( 23 ) can be effectively transferred to the anchor rod ( 5 ) and, via the transition piece ( 24 ), solidification material can be pressed into the anchor rod ( 5 ) at high pressure. With (25) the wedge surface is referred to, which is provided on both embodiments of the adapter (20) to an effective setting of the adapter (20) to reach the borehole mouth. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the guide part ( 21 ) and transition piece ( 23 and 24 ) are firmly connected. It is also conceivable to provide a special thread here, for example, so that in each case only the transition piece ( 23 ) has to be exchanged for the transition piece ( 24 ) or vice versa.

The coupling nuts ( 8 ) for connecting a plurality of anchor rods ( 5 , 5 ') to one another have a tubular housing, in the outer wall ( 27 ) of which recesses ( 28 , 29 ) extending in the longitudinal direction are provided. FIG. 6 illustrates the recesses ( 28 , 29 ) that are not visible in FIG. 5 or shows their exact position. The housing ( 30 ) is still so stable that the effective connection of several anchor rods ( 5 , 5 ') is reached. For this purpose, the housing ( 30 ) or the coupling nut ( 8 ) has an internal thread ( 31 ) which is interrupted approximately in the middle of the housing ( 30 ) via a central stop ( 32 ), so that it is completely irrelevant which of the two anchor rods ( 5 or 5 ' ) is introduced first. About these coupling nuts ( 8 ), a kind of spacer is created in the described training with the Ausneh lines ( 28 , 29 ), which enables precise guidance of the anchor rod ( 5 ) in the borehole ( 1 ). Nevertheless, both drilling fluid and later also hardening material can pass through the recesses ( 28 , 29 ), so that perfect removal or uniform distribution over the entire length of the borehole ( 1 ) is possible.

In the area of the borehole mouth ( 2 ) a Bohrlochver circuit ( 34 ) is provided, which can be pushed onto the anchor rod ( 5 ) and can be fixed against the borehole wall. For this purpose it consists of a sleeve ( 35 ) and a wedge body ( 36 ) which can be inserted therein. When the wedge body ( 36 ) is inserted into the sleeve ( 35 ), the flexible sleeve is widened and thus the outer wall is pressed tightly against the borehole wall ( 12 ). Fig. 7 illustrates very nicely that thereby an effective insulation of the channel ( 11 ) takes place, so that the solidification material pressed through the anchor rod ( 5 ) can not escape into the atmosphere again through the hole mouth ( 2 ), but rather is forced to itself to penetrate into the crevices and gaps and lead to a bond here. The sleeve ( 35 ) is made of flexible material, while the wedge body is made of harder material in order to secure the expansion of the sleeve ( 35 ). According to Fig. 8, the inner wall ( 37 ) of the wedge body ( 36 ) is flexible or consists of a flexible layer in order to ensure the sealing of the space between the wedge body ( 36 ) and anchor rod ( 5 ). The sealing effect also complies with the fact that the anchor rod ( 5 ) has the coarse thread ( 6 ).

To fix the borehole closure ( 34 ) on the anchor rod ( 5 ) in the region of the borehole mouth ( 2 ), it is necessary to drive the wedge body ( 36 ) into the sleeve ( 35 ). The setting device ( 38 ) shown in FIG. 9 can be used for this purpose. This setting device ( 38 ) with the handle ( 39 ) is constructed in two parts and consists of the housing parts ( 41 , 42 ) connected to one another via the folding joint ( 40 ). At the front end to be inserted into the borehole ( 1 ), the setting device ( 38 ) is equipped with a butt part ( 43 ) in order to ensure an effective influence on the wedge body ( 36 ).

Fig. 10 shows the static mixing tube ( 44 ), which is pushed with its front end ( 44 ') onto the transition piece ( 24 ) and with the opposite end ( 44 '') on the injection line, not shown here. A check valve ( 48 ), which is not shown in detail here, is arranged in this static mixing tube ( 44 ). Also positioned in the static mixing tube ( 44 ) is a mixing element ( 45 ) with versatile deflection surfaces ( 46 , 47 ), by means of which an intensive mixing of the two pressed-in components of the solidification material is achieved. It is also conceivable to integrate the static tube ( 44 ) with the mixing element ( 45 ) and check valve ( 48 ) into the transition piece ( 24 ) in order to reduce the number of parts of the device to be coupled to one another.

FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a special embodiment of the invention . Here, the anchor rod ( 5 ) is designed as a hollow body ( 49 ) which has a continuous longitudinal slot ( 50 ). The edges ( 51 , 52 ) in the region of the longitudinal slot ( 50 ) are each edged so high that the dovetail-shaped recess ( 53 ) of the clamping device ( 54 ) can be pushed over it. This clamping device ( 54 ) is introduced together with the hollow body ( 49 ) into the borehole and pulled out after its completion. Then there is a sudden release or relaxation of the hollow body ( 49 ) because recesses ( 57 ) are provided over the length of the edges ( 51 , 52 ), which facilitate or effect such a jerky release of the clamping device ( 54 ).

A helical ridge ( 55 ) is provided for better removal of the cuttings, while the loosening of the cuttings is facilitated by the drill bit ( 7 ) through inclined surfaces ( 56 ) there, to which, for example, hard metal pox can also be applied. Fig. 13 illustrates how the hollow body ( 49 ) is clamped by the clamping device ( 54 ) and how this clamping device ( 54 ) simultaneously stabilizes the entire device during the drilling process. The entire space occupied by the clamping device ( 54 ) is then filled after loosening the clamping device and after filling the borehole or the hollow body ( 49 ), so that there is again an effective bonding or nailing of rock layers.

Claims (12)

1.Device for drilling boreholes and injecting hardening material, consisting of an anchor rod with an external coarse thread and inner continuous inner channel, a drill bit forming the upper end of the anchor rod and an adapter forming the opposite end or to be placed thereon, and coupling nuts for connection to further anchor rods, characterized in that the anchor rod ( 5 ) at the end opposite the drill bit ( 7 ) is assigned a borehole closure ( 34 ) which consists of a tubular, flexible sleeve ( 35 ) and a likewise tubular one which can be driven into the sleeve Wedge body ( 36 ) and that the adapter ( 20 ) in the guide part ( 21 ) for the anchor rod has a coarse thread ( 6 ) adapted inner coil ( 22 ) and equipped with a transition piece ( 23 , 24 ) for the hammer drill and / or the injection line is. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rod ( 5 ) is equipped with spaced coupling nuts ( 8 ) so that a channel ( 11 ) between the borehole wall ( 12 ) and anchor rod ( 5 ) remains over the length of the borehole. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in that in the outer wall ( 27 ) of the coupling nuts ( 8 ) in the longitudinal direction of the borehole ( 1 ) recesses ( 28 , 29 ) are formed. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in that the coupling nuts ( 8 ) have an elongated housing ( 30 ) which is rectangular, preferably square, on the outside. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 and claim 2, characterized in that a central stop ( 32 ) is formed approximately in the center of the internal thread ( 31 ) of the coupling nuts ( 8 ). 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedge body ( 36 ) on the anchor rod ( 5 ) adjacent flexible to soft inner wall ( 37 ) or that the wedge is flexible overall transverse to its longitudinal axis. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide part ( 21 ) of the adapter ( 20 ) is wedge-shaped at the free end and has a length of 90 to 110 mm, preferably 105 mm. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition piece ( 24 ) for connection to the injection line with a static mixing tube ( 44 ) with check valve ( 48 ) is connected or contains such an integrated mixing element ( 45 ). 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rod ( 5 ) is formed by a known Muniereisen which has a peripheral ridge ( 55 ). 10. The device according to claim 1 or claim 9, characterized in that the front, the drill bit ( 7 ) forming end of the anchor rod ( 5 ) is chamfered on two or more sides and that on these inclined surfaces ( 56 ) hard metal pox are easily seen. 11. The device according to claim 1 or claim 9, characterized in that the front, the drill bit ( 7 ) forming the end of the anchor rod ( 5 ) is a welded, manganese-reinforced double wedge. 12. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rod ( 5 ) from a tubular, a continuous longitudinal slot ( 50 ) and inwardly angled edges ( 51 , 52 ) and by a clamping device ( 54 ), which has an average has dovetail-shaped recess ( 53 ), pre-stressed hollow body ( 49 ) is formed, which has a circumferential spiral ridge ( 55 ) on the outside and a drill bit ( 7 ) designed as a one-way drill bit.