HU201383B - Device for boring holes and injecting solidifying matter - Google Patents

Abstract

For the drilling and subsequent anchoring, a device is provided which consists of an anchor rod with a coarse thread made on the outside and which has a drill bit at the top end and an adaptor at the bottom end for connecting to further anchor rods. In addition, an inner passage is provided through which stabilising material can be put into the borehole. In order to be able to inject this stabilising material with the necessary high pressure, a borehole plug is provided at the bottom end, i.e. in the area of the borehole mouth. The borehole plug is designed in such a way that it can be slipped onto the anchor rod and can then be secured against the borehole wall. To this end, it consists of a flexible sleeve and a wedge body which can be moved on the anchor rod. In addition, the adaptor is formed with a guide part which has an inner helix corresponding to or adapted to the coarse thread and which has a transition piece for connecting to the hammer drill and/or the injection line. It is thereby possible to put the anchor rod into use first of all as a drill rod, then as an injection lance and finally as an anchor rod. Furthermore, coupling nuts are provided on the anchor rod at a distance apart, on the one hand in order to connect individual anchor rods to one another and on the other hand in order to permit accurate guidance of the anchor rods. These anchor rods are designed in such a way that the stabilising material can flow past them. <IMAGE>

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for drilling holes and injecting a hardener having an anchor rod with an outer coarse thread and an internal through channel. it has a crown drill at the upper end of the anchor rod, an adapter forming or mounting on the opposite end of the crown drill, and anchor nut (s) for connecting the anchor rods to the additional anchor rod.

The anchoring of different mountain layers by means of an anchor or the attachment of these mountain layers to a supporting mountain layer by means of an anchor or cable tie has long been known. For this purpose, holes are made in the mountain, which are then fed into your anchors. Your anchors are tensioned or glued to the wall of the borehole in the innermost part of the borehole or along the entire length to achieve the desired angle effect. In this way, the underground mine and tunnel cuts are provided over their entire length or throughout their space, in which case the anchors are often used as an additional rule to relieve the supporting retaining structures and to provide additional access to the cavities accessed by the miners. The connection of the mountain layers through such anchors is also known in pit shelters and other work areas. In addition to the anchor application, boreholes in the tip are usually inclined, which are then filled with concrete or other material, which then creates a systematic consolidation of the respective layers. It is already known from DE 933 328 that, after drilling a borehole, the borehole used to make the borehole is left in the finished borehole and tensioned there to produce the desired clamping and anchoring effect. It is also customary to gradually inject cement milk in order to influence and solidify as much as possible the condition of the layers surrounding the perforation.

A similar solution is described in DE 34 00 182 Offenlegungsschrift, which has an injection channel in the center of the drill bit used. through which the binder can subsequently be delivered. A special feature is the rib design on the outside of the anchor rod, which essentially serves as a retaining rib to facilitate fixing and anchoring your anchors in the tip.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that it is not possible to inject the curing agent, especially the two-component adhesives, because this curing agent automatically flows out of the borehole again when it is pressed into the so-called injection channel, especially when such boreholes are inclined upright or even - in rock - formed. However, such obliquely upward or horizontal boreholes often occur in the transition area of the front cut, for example to nail the layers above the carbon layer. so that they can be supported and supported better and more securely during sleep depression by the securing device. Two-component adhesives can only be properly pressed into the tip if they are intimately mixed with each other at the same time. This requires a sufficiently high pressure, which at the same time serves to push this material, not only into the borehole but also into open cracks and crevices in the mountain.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a structure suitable for both drilling and injection by pressure for rock-hardening.

The object of the present invention is accomplished by a structure having a tubular, elasticly formed sleeve and a tubular borehole having a plurality of plugs and anchors having an internal groove and / or has an adapter with a transition fitting connected to the injection pipe.

In such an apparatus, the gap between the anchor rod and the rock is systematically closed so that the mixture of the two-component adhesive can be injected into the borehole under high pressure through the anchor rod. This makes it possible to fill not only the gap between the anchor rod and the rock with this two - component adhesive, but also the adjacent and adjacent mountain - rock space. Thus, a very effective hardening and simultaneous fixing of the corresponding mountain portions can be achieved. The device according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the field of front cutouts because the combined mode of action of the device according to the invention is particularly advantageous here, so that no further special rules are generally required. After gluing the anchor rods into the rock, it is also advantageous to use the arched upper parts of the securing device until these arched legs can be connected again with struts or quarrying elements after passing through the forehead. The design of the adapter allows the use of relatively inexpensive and simple anchor rods, which due to this feature can be left in the rock without any further action. Due to the releasable connection between the adapter and the anchor rod, there is no need for costly storage, since several anchor rods of the same length can be connected by means of coupling nuts of known design, since the anchor rods have end-to-end threads. In this way, anchor rods of any length can be used in practice and, after insertion into the borehole, the anchor rods can be used to reinforce the tip by injection.

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the anchor rods interconnected by spaced-apart coupling nuts are arranged in the borehole to form a channel between the anchor rod and the borehole wall. With this design, a uniform gap space can be achieved over the entire length of the anchor rod. as a result, the anchor rod can be evenly and securely bonded to the mountain - rock. The threading of the coarse thread during the gluing has a positive effect. In addition, it is possible to always inject sufficient amount of injected material into the borehole so that the anchor rod is securely fixed. The coupling nuts are of special design®, preferably on both sides oblique fe-21

HU 201383 is equipped with a Β interface. This ensures that the smooth and safe drill movement of the anchor bar can be achieved even if the tip rock to be broken is prone to breakage or cracking. The locking nuts are practically carried by the threaded anchor bar portions and guided through the corresponding rubble rock. During drilling, the drilled part of the borehole can be rinsed with water or pressurized air to create ergonomically sound working conditions.

In another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, extensions extending in the longitudinal direction of the borehole are formed in the outer wall of the coupling nuts. These cavities allow the flow of both the borehole rinse medium and the curing agent so that the borehole is not rinsed with or without curing agent over the borehole, even when more than one such nut is used. In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the coupling nuts are provided with a housing formed in a rectangular, preferably square, shape on their longitudinally extending outer part. The edges of the housing then provide the necessary guidance on the wall of the borehole, and the flat or smooth surfaces between the edges allow the borehole to flush or solidify.

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, a central stop is formed on the inner thread of the coupling nuts about in the middle of the housing. Such a design allows the two ends of the adjacent anchor rods to be inserted equally. by screwing the two anchor rods into the coupling nut in sequence.

In another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the wedge body is provided with a resilient - soft - inner wall abutting your anchors, or is completely radially elastic, so that not only the borehole closure and the borehole wall are sealed, but the borehole and anchor rod Also, since the wedge body is pressed into the sleeve, pushing the sleeve into the borehole wall while pushing it against the anchor bar and wrapping the coarse thread to prevent the injected material from penetrating the borehole opening.

In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the guide portion of its adapter is wedge-shaped at its free end and has a length of 90-110 mm, preferably 105 mm.

The structure according to the invention makes it possible to process multi-component mixtures, preferably two-component mixtures, without further ado. This is accomplished by means of a structure having a transition piece connected to the injection pipeline with a static mixing tube provided with a non-return valve or a static mixing tube integrated with a non-return valve and mixing element at a suitable length of the transition piece. The non-return valve in the static mixing tube ensures that injected material that has already been injected cannot flow back when the pump or compressor is stopped. In a unitary design, the guide portion forming the upper part of the transition piece provides a secure bearing. whereas in split and split designs, consisting of two parts, a pressure-tight connection must be provided between the transition piece and the static mixing tube.

An embodiment of the structure according to the invention for particularly soft rocks is characterized in that it has an anchor rod with a circumferential rib made of a known "munier" iron.

Such iron may be used in the form of a tube as an injection anchor rod, in which case the circumferential rib provides for the safe removal of the loosened, loosened material. Here again, "munier" iron remains in the borehole and, together with the injected multicomponent mixture10, acts as an angle for bonding the mountain layers, which tend to separate into layers.

The anchor rod is formed either as a "munier" iron or as a coarse-threaded rod, it is advantageous if the anterior end of the anchor rod forming the crown drill is two

- or is bevelled on several sides and has carbide inserts on these oblique surfaces. The advantage of such a design is that its production cost is very low and its drilling properties are also satisfactory. The carbide inserts or inserts on the inclined surfaces ensure that the borehole can be produced at a satisfactory rate. In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the anterior crown-drilling end of the anchor rod is formed as a welded, manganese-reinforced double wedge. This design provides high quality drilling, especially for soft materials, making drilling holes quick and inexpensive.

A further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is a prestressed hollow body having a dovetail-shaped rib and a spiral-shaped ribs extending on its outer surface, comprising an anvil bar having a tubular, longitudinal groove and inwardly curved edges, having a dovetail-shaped clamping bar. has a nap. In such an anchor rod, there is no channel or only a very low-passage channel between the anchor rod and the borehole wall, since the anchor rod is tensioned to the borehole wall due to prestress due to the elimination of tensioning force. allows a mountain layer to be fixed. In addition, due to the longitudinal groove, a large amount of material flows into the space between the anchor rod and the borehole wall, where it is impossible for some reason, in particular due to eruptions, to tighten the borehole wall. In such an arrangement, the crown drill is preferably placed above your anchors, in which case, for example, it can be slid off the anchoring bar when the clamping rod is released so as not to obstruct its post-slackening. With the appropriate workings in the edges, it is possible to obtain an explosive borehole over the entire length of the anchor rod.

The apparatus of the invention will be described in detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, wherein

Figure 1 is a side view of a device according to the invention inserted into a borehole:

Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the anchor bar of the structure of Figure 1; the

Figure 3 is a side view of an adapt65 space for connecting the device of the invention to a hammer drill:

-3HU 201383 Β

Figure 4 is a side view of an adapter for injecting a pipeline; the

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting nut of the device of the invention, a

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along plane A-A of the connector nut of Figure 5, a

Fig. 7 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a device according to the invention inserted into a borehole with a borehole lock;

Figure 8 is a closed side view of the borehole of Figure 7, a

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the insertion device used to insert the wedge insert of Figure 8, a

FIG

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the mixing element disposed in the mixing tube of Figure 10, a

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention and a

Figure 13 is a transverse sectional view of the structure of Figure 12.

Fig. 1 shows a borehole 1 with a corresponding diameter from a borehole 2 to a borehole base 3 formed in a rock 4. In the borehole 1 there is an anchor rod 5 with a coarse thread 6 terminating in a crown drill 7 having a coupling nut 8 in the center of the anchor rod 5 which is connected by means of a coupling nut 8 to each other. At the left end of the anchor rod 5 there is a washer 9. which is attached to your anchors 5 with the help of a nut 10. The nut 10 and the washer 9 serve to secure or tighten the position of the anchor rod 5 when the channel 11 between the hole 12 wall and the anchor rod 5 is filled with a two-component adhesive or other bonding agent. The anchor rod 5 is provided with a specially designed coarse thread 6 along its entire length.

The special design of the coarse thread 6 is illustrated in Figure 2. The coarse thread 6 is formed from recesses 18 formed from recesses 18 having recesses 18 of relatively equal lengths on both sides of recesses 15, 17 for inclined portions 16 and 17. The coarse thread 6 thus has relatively short slope portions 15 and recesses 18 for relatively short slopes 16, 17. The sectional view of Figure 2 illustrates the construction of an inner channel 19.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate an adapter 20 having adapters 20 of the same design. The guide portion 21 has an internal thread 22 which is fitted to the coarse thread 6 of the anchor rod 5 so that the end of the anchor rod 5 can be effectively screwed into the guide portion 21 and secured in the guide portion 21. In this way, the torque can be transferred to the anchor rod 5 by means of a transition piece 23 and a high pressure pressurizing agent can be pressed into your anchors 5 through a transition piece 24. Both adapters of the adapter 20 have a wedge surface 25 which facilitates the fixing and insertion of the adapter 20 into the borehole 2.

3 and 4, there is a rigid connection between the guide portion 21 and the transition sections 23 and 24, respectively. It will be noted, however, that when a special thread is used, the transition piece 23 becomes interchangeable with the transition piece 24.

The anchor rod 5 of a given length thus in many cases requires the attachment of a plurality of anchor rods 5, 5 ', which can be achieved by means of a coupling nut 8. These coupling nuts 8 are provided with a tubular housing 30. The outer wall 27 of the tubular housing 30 has longitudinal recesses 28, 29, the shape and exact position of the recesses 28 and 29 being shown in Fig. 6, in section A-A in Fig. 5. The housing 30 is of such strength that it is capable of effectively connecting a plurality of anchor rods 5, 5, that is, the cuttings 28 29 do not weaken the housing 30. In order to ensure proper connection, the housing 30 and the coupling nut 8 have an internal thread 31 which is interrupted by a central stop 32 in the middle of the housing 30, so that the assembly sequence is arbitrary, i.e. it does not matter which one of the anchor rods we introduce first. By means of the locking nuts 8, the spacers are formed in each case by means of the workpieces 28, 29, which allow the guide rod 5 to be guided accurately in the borehole 1. At the same time, through the excavations 28, 29, both borehole flushing can be performed and subsequently the curing agent can be pressed in such a way that the flushing fluid is properly drained and the curing agent is evenly distributed over the borehole 1.

Near the borehole mouth 2 is a borehole closure 34 which is slidably mounted on the anchor rod 5 and secured to the borehole wall 12. The borehole closure 34 comprises a sleeve 35 and a wedge body 36 which can be inserted into the sleeve 35 (see Figure 8). When inserting the wedge body 36 into the sleeve 35, it is resilient. the extensively formed sleeve 35 expands and as a result the outer wall of the sleeve 35 is pressed against the borehole 12. Figure 7 illustrates that this results in effective sealing of the duct 11, whereby the reinforcing material injected through the anchor rod 5 is not able to escape through the borehole 2 again into the outside air, but is forced into the cracks and holes in the vicinity of the borehole. penetrate the crevices to grab there. The sleeve 35 is made of a flexible or elastic material and the wedge body 36 is made of a harder material, so that the expansion of the sleeve 35 can be assured. The wedge body 36 of FIG. 8 is formed by an elastic inner wall 37 or coated with an elastic layer, which allows sealing in the space between the wedge body 36 and the anchor rod 5. The resilient inner wall 37 is needed because the coarse thread 6 formed on the anchor rod 5 prevents the channel 11 from being completely closed.

In order to rigidly mount the borehole 34 in the space of the borehole 2 on the anchor rod 5, the wedge body 36 must be folded into the sleeve 35. To do this, the insertion 38 shown in FIG. 9 can be performed. The insertion means 38 is provided with a hand grip 39 formed of two parts of the handle 39 by housing members 41, 42 interconnected by a hinge portion 40. The insertion means 38 extends into the front borehole 1

EN 201383 Β At the end, there is a shuttle 43 which is designed to effectively insert the wedge body 36 into the sleeve 35.

Fig. 10 illustrates a static mixing tube 44 which can be pushed up to the transition piece 24 with its front end 44 ', and its opposite end 44' to an injection line (not shown). In the static mixing tube 44, a non-return valve 48, not shown in the drawings, is provided. The static mixing tube 44 also includes a mixing element 45. which has a versatile mixing surface 46, 47 (see Figure 11), whereby the two pressed components of the curing agent can be intensively mixed. It is also conceivable that the static mixing tube 44 formed by the mixing element 45 and the non-return valve 48 is disposed in the transition piece 24 and formed therewith in order to reduce the number of parts of the apparatus to be interconnected.

Operation of the device according to the invention is described below:

At one end your anchors 5 with the crown drill 7 and at the other end with the adapter 20 are guided into the bore mouth 2. The guide portion 21 of the adapter 20 is fixed to the groove bar 5, whereby the torque is transferred to the groove bar 5 by means of a transition piece 23 connected to the adapter 20.

In the conventional manner of drilling, the groove bar 5 is located in the borehole 1.

To begin the injection, a borehole 34 is placed close to the borehole 2. by inserting the borehole lock 34 into the anchor rod 5. As mentioned above, the borehole closure 34 comprises an elastic sleeve 35 and a wedge body 36 which can be inserted into the sleeve.

After the borehole closure 34 is mounted on the anchor rod 5, the wedge body 36 is inserted into the sleeve 35 by means of the insertion means 38, thereby expanding the sleeve 35 so that the outer wall of the sleeve 35 is pressed against the borehole 12 and the borehole 1. It closes channel II between 12 boreholes.

Subsequently, a temporary section change is made and the transition section 24 of the adapter 20 is connected to the injection tube. Subsequently, the hardener is applied under high pressure, e.g. a two-component adhesive to the channel 11 between the borehole 1 and the borehole 12 and to the rock layer bordering the borehole 1. this will consolidate the rock layer and secure your anchors 5.

12 and 13 illustrate a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention. In this embodiment, your anchors 5 are formed as a hollow body 49 having a longitudinal groove 50 along its length. The edges 51, 52 of the longitudinal groove 50 are folded in such a way that, along the workpiece 53 of the gripping rod 54, it can be pushed into the hollow body 49 over the folded edges 51 and 52. This clamping rod 54, together with the hollow body 49, is pushed into the borehole 1 and, after the borehole 1 is completed, the clamping rod 54 is pulled out. When the clamping rod 54 is pulled out, the stress applied to the hollow body 49 is suddenly reduced, thereby opening the edges 51, 52 of the longitudinal groove 50 of the hollow body 49. There are recesses 57 along the length of the longitudinal groove 50, which facilitates or permits the jump opening after removal of the clamping rod 54.

Screw-like ribs 55 are used to remove debris generated during drilling. The drilling itself, the crushing of rock material - is carried out by the crown borer 7, which is provided with an oblique surface 56. Hard metal inserts may be attached to the oblique surface 56. Figure 13 illustrates how the clamping reed 54 holds the hollow body 49 in a clamped, tensioned state. The clamping rod 54 stabilizes the entire structure during the drilling process. The entire space filled by the clamping rod 54 is filled after the clamping rod 54 has been pulled out so that the hollow body 49 abuts the borehole wall 12 of the borehole 1 and fills the spaces between them, resulting in effective bonding and riveting of the rock layers.

The advantage of the device according to the invention, which is versatile in use, is easy to handle, inexpensive and, in addition, it provides a simple but very efficient delivery of the solidifying agent.

The structure of the invention significantly improves the strength of the space to be secured, thereby eliminating some of the very costly additional system rules due to the use of the structure of the invention.

Claims (12)

PATENT CLAIMS A device for drilling holes and injecting hardener, comprising an anchor with an external coarse thread, an internal through-pass channel, a crown drill at one end of the anchor rod, an adapter for forming an anchor rod and an anchor rod characterized in that the borehole (34) of a tubular, flexible sleeve (35) disposed at its opposite end to the crown drill (7) and also a tubular borehole (34) formed from a wedge body which can be folded into the sleeve (35), an adapter (20) provided with a guide portion (21) fitted to the coarse thread (6) of the anchor rod (5) and a transition piece (23, 24) connected to a hammer and / or injection pipe. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rods (5) interconnected by spaced-apart switch nuts (8) are arranged in the borehole (1) between the anchor rod (5) and the borehole wall (12) to form a channel (11). . Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer wall (27) of the locking nuts (8) is provided with protrusions (28.29) extending in the longitudinal direction of the borehole (1). Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coupling nuts (8) are provided with a housing (30) in the form of a rectangle, preferably in the form of a cube, on their longitudinally extending outer part. Device according to Claim I or 2, characterized in that the inner threads (31) of the coupling nuts (8) are formed with a central stop (32) in the middle of the housing (30). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedge body (36) on the anchor rod (5) EN 201383 Β is provided with an elastic - soft - inner wall (37) which is resting or is completely radially elastic. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide portion (21) of the adapter (20) is wedge-shaped at its free end and has a length of 90-110 mm, preferably 105 mm. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transition piece (25) connected to the injection pipe is formed by a static mixing tube (44) with a non-return valve (48) or by a static mixing tube (48) and a non-return valve (48). 44). The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has an anchor rod (5) with a circular rib running in a known "munier" iron. Device according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the anterior end of the anchor rod (5) forming a crown drill (7) is inclined on both sides or on several sides and on these inclined surfaces (56). 5 carbide inserts. Device according to Claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the front end of the anchor rod (5) forming the crown saw (7) is formed as a welded, manganese-reinforced double wedge. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rod (5) is a clamping device with a dovetail-shaped workpiece having a tubular longitudinal groove (50) extending along its length and inwardly curved edges (51, 52). A prestressed hollow body (49) for receiving 15 rods (54) having a spiral rib (55) extending circumferentially on its outer surface and a corona drill (7) formed as a single-sided crown.