DE3619408A1 - ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS - Google Patents

ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS

Info

Publication number
DE3619408A1
DE3619408A1 DE19863619408 DE3619408A DE3619408A1 DE 3619408 A1 DE3619408 A1 DE 3619408A1 DE 19863619408 DE19863619408 DE 19863619408 DE 3619408 A DE3619408 A DE 3619408A DE 3619408 A1 DE3619408 A1 DE 3619408A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sensors
signals
arrangement
signal
signal generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19863619408
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3619408C2 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dr Gerrath
Eberhard Dr Strauss
Hans-Joachim Decker
Heinz Vinson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Battelle Institut eV
Original Assignee
Battelle Institut eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Battelle Institut eV filed Critical Battelle Institut eV
Priority to DE19863619408 priority Critical patent/DE3619408A1/en
Priority to EP87106544A priority patent/EP0249026A3/en
Priority to US07/059,220 priority patent/US4805465A/en
Priority to JP62143966A priority patent/JPS6310912A/en
Publication of DE3619408A1 publication Critical patent/DE3619408A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3619408C2 publication Critical patent/DE3619408C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/245Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using a variable number of pulses in a train
    • G01D5/2451Incremental encoders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M1/00Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
    • H03M1/12Analogue/digital converters
    • H03M1/22Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
    • H03M1/24Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip
    • H03M1/28Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding
    • H03M1/30Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding incremental

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Indication And Recording Devices For Special Purposes And Tariff Metering Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Gewinnung von ge­ radsymmetrischen Signalen aus mindestens zwei Signalgebern mit periodischer Struktur, die relativ zueinander beweglich sind, mit Sensoren, die der Position der Signalgeber ent­ sprechende Signale generieren.The invention relates to an arrangement for obtaining ge wheel-symmetrical signals from at least two signal generators with periodic structure that is movable relative to each other are, with sensors that ent the position of the signal generator generate speaking signals.

Geradsymmetrische Signale werden benötigt, z. B. zur Ermitt­ lung des Drehmoments und von Verdrehungen bei umlaufenden Wellen. Dabei werden im allgemeinen auf der Welle bereits vorhandene oder speziell für diesen Zweck angebrachte Zahn­ räder, markierte Räder, Ringe od. dgl. als Signalgeber ver­ wendet. Zur Generierung von Signalen werden z. B. magneti­ sche Sensoren wie Hallelemente, Feldplattenfühler oder vor­ zugsweise Differentialanordnungen, eingesetzt, bei denen die Differenz des äußeren magnetischen Widerstands an den Polen des Sensors das Sensorsignal bestimmt. Ein bestimmter Sensor ist dabei nur für eine bestimmte Geometrie des Signal­ gebers mit einer bestimmten periodischen Struktur brauchbar. Eine Abweichung der periodischen Struktur, z. B. bei Zahn­ rädern die Zahnteilung, führt zu schiefsymmetrischen Si­ gnalen, die das Meßergebnis verfälschen.Straight-symmetric signals are required, e.g. B. for investigation torque and twisting in rotating Waves. This will generally be on the wave already existing tooth or tooth attached specifically for this purpose wheels, marked wheels, rings or the like ver. Ver turns. To generate signals z. B. magneti cal sensors such as Hall elements, field plate sensors or front preferably differential assemblies, used in which the Difference in external magnetic resistance at the poles of the sensor determines the sensor signal. A specific sensor is only for a certain geometry of the signal with a certain periodic structure. A deviation in the periodic structure, e.g. B. tooth wheel the tooth pitch, leads to skew-symmetrical Si signals that falsify the measurement result.

Aus der DE-OS 32 35 122 ist ein Drehmoment-Meßgerät bekannt, nach dem die Verlagerungen der Welle dadurch kompensiert werden, daß vier Sensoren in einer horizontalen Ebene ge­ genüberliegenden Seiten der mit Mustern versehenen Welle an­ geordnet sind. Dabei ist jedoch eine gleichzeitige Symme­ trierung der Signale nicht möglich.From DE-OS 32 35 122 a torque measuring device is known after which the shaft displacements are compensated be that four sensors in a horizontal plane opposite sides of the patterned shaft are ordered. However, there is a simultaneous symme signals cannot be measured.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung zu schaffen, mit der schiefsymmetrische Sensorsi­ gnale ausgeschlossen werden können. Diese Anordnung soll da­ durch ermöglichen, beliebige in einer Maschine, z. B. Ge­ triebe, vorhandene Räder, Scheiben od. dgl. als Geber zu benutzen, ohne daß für jeden solchen Geber ein eigener, eingepaßter Sensor vorgesehen werden muß, um geradsymmetri­ sche Signale zu erhalten.The present invention has for its object a To create arrangement with the skew-symmetrical sensors gnale can be excluded. This arrangement is there  by enabling any in one machine, e.g. B. Ge drives, existing wheels, disks or the like. To donor use without having a separate, fitted sensor must be provided to straight symmetry receive signals.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß für mindestens einen Signalgeber mindestens zwei Sensoren vorge­ sehen sind, deren Signale in eine Substrahier- oder Addier­ stufe miteinander verknüpfbar sind, und daß die Sensoren mindestens eine halbe Periode der Struktur des Signalgebers zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung beschrieben.This object is achieved in that for at least one signal generator pre-selected at least two sensors are seen whose signals are in a subtractor or adder stage can be linked and that the sensors at least half a period of the structure of the signal generator are arranged offset to each other. In the subclaims advantageous embodiments of the invention are described.

Die beiden Sensoren für den einen Geber werden vorzugsweise eine halbe Periode plus eine oder mehrere ganze Perioden der Struktur des Gebers zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die Sensoren derart versetzt zueinander positio­ niert, daß sie sich in bezug auf den Signalgeber an zwei möglichst gegenüberliegenden Stellen befinden.The two sensors for the one transmitter are preferred half a period plus one or more whole periods of Structure of the encoder offset from one another. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the sensors are offset relative to one another in this way niert that they are in relation to the signal generator at two as far as possible opposite places.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung ermöglicht die Kompensation der Verlagerungen der Welle unter gleichzeitiger Symmetrie­ rung des Ausgangssignals. Da beide Sensoren jeweils einem Geber zugeordnet werden, ist eine beliebige räumliche An­ ordnung der beiden Sensoren gegenüber den Sensoren der ande­ ren Geber denkbar. Falls nicht notwendig, kann bei einem Ge­ ber auf die Kompensation verzichtet werden; somit werden nur drei Sensoren benötigt. Die Anordnung erfordert zudem einen geringen elektronischen Aufwand.The arrangement according to the invention enables compensation the displacements of the shaft with simultaneous symmetry tion of the output signal. Since both sensors are each one Any spatial assignment is assigned to encoders order of the two sensors compared to the sensors of the other conceivable encoder. If not necessary, a Ge Compensation can be dispensed with; thus only three sensors needed. The arrangement also requires one little electronic effort.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der folgenden Beschreibung sowie schematischer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigtThe invention is based on the following description as well schematic drawing explained in more detail. It shows

Fig. 1 die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung bei Verwendung eines Zahnrades als Geber; Figure 1 shows the arrangement according to the invention when using a gear as a transmitter.

Fig. 2 Zeitverläufe der Sensorsignale bei der Anordnung ge­ mäß Fig. 1; Fig. 2 time curves of the sensor signals in the arrangement ge according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfin­ dungsgemäßen Anordnung; und Fig. 3 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the inventive arrangement; and

Fig. 4 Zeitverläufe der Sensorsignale bei der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 3. Fig. 4 timings of the sensor signals in the arrangement of FIG. 3.

Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Anordnung, wird durch zwei an einem Geberrad 1, hier ein Zahnrad, angeordneten Sen­ soren 2 und 3 durch Kombination der Signale aus ursprünglich schiefsymmetrischen Signalen ein geradsymmetri­ sches Signal gewonnen. Die beiden Sensoren 2 und 3 werden dabei um mindestens eine halbe Periode der Zahnteilung versetzt zueinander positioniert. Im dargestellten Fall beträgt die Distanz eine halbe Zahnteilung plus eine ganze Zahnteilung.In the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, two sensors on a sensor wheel 1 , here a gear, arranged sensors 2 and 3 are obtained by combining the signals from originally skew-symmetrical signals to obtain a straight-symmetric signal. The two sensors 2 and 3 are positioned offset from one another by at least half a period of the tooth pitch. In the case shown, the distance is half a tooth pitch plus an entire tooth pitch.

Damit ergeben sich Zeitläufe der Sensorsignale nach Fig. 2 a) und b). Durch Substraktion der beiden Sensorsignale voneinander, z. B. in einem Differenzverstärker, ergibt sich das erwünschte geradsymmetrische Gesamtsignal gemäß Fig. 2 c).This results in time courses of the sensor signals according to FIGS. 2 a) and b). By subtracting the two sensor signals from each other, e.g. B. in a differential amplifier, the desired straight-balanced overall signal according to FIG. 2 c) results.

Ist gegenüber Fig. 2a) und b) eines der Signale in seiner Phase um eine halbe Periode verschoben, so sind die beiden Signale zu addieren, um das geradsymmetrische Gesamtsignal zu erhalten. Eine Änderung des Gleichspannungsanteils der Signale verändert nicht den geradsymmetrischen Verlauf, wie dies in unterbrochenen Linien in Fig. 2 gezeigt ist.If one of the signals has been shifted in phase by half a period compared to FIGS. 2a) and b), then the two signals must be added in order to obtain the straight-symmetrical overall signal. A change in the DC voltage component of the signals does not change the straight-symmetrical course, as is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2.

Vom Prinzip her ist die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung für alle Sensoren geeignet, die ein schiefsymmetrisches Ausgangssi­ gnal haben.In principle, the arrangement according to the invention is for everyone Suitable sensors that have a skew-symmetrical output si have gnal.

In Fig. 3 wird eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung gezeigt. Hier sind die Sen­ soren 2 und 3 so um ein ungerades Vielfaches der Zahnteilung versetzt, daß sie sich am Geberrad 1 gerade gegenüberstehen. Dies ist im Idealfall nur bei einer ungeraden Zähnezahl des Geberrades 1 möglich, praktisch aber auch bei großer gerader Zähnezahl gegeben. Verlagerungen der Welle infolge Lager­ spiel in Y-Richtung, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt, führen nicht zu einer Phasenverschiebung der Signale der Sensoren 2 und 3 zueinander. Es ändern sich die Amplituden, jedoch bleibt der Nulldurchgang des Gesamtsignals erhalten. Eine Verlagerung in X-Richtung führt beim Sensor 2 zu einer bestimmten nega­ tiven, beim Sensor 3 zu einer gleichgroßen positiven Phasen­ verschiebung, wie in Fig. 4 mit unterbrochenen Linien dargestellt ist. Auf die Mittellage des Gesamtsignals bleibt dies ohne Einfluß. Bei nur einem Sensor würde hierdurch ein Meß­ fehler entstehen. In gleicher Weise wird der Einfluß eines über den Umfang des Geberrades 1 sinusförmig verteilten Tei­ lungsfehlers bzw. mit ungeraden Vielfachen der Periode auf den Meßwert eliminiert. In Fig. 3 ist außerdem dargestellt, daß die Ausgänge der Sensoren 2 und 3 zu einem Differenz- oder Summenverstärker 4 geführt werden, an dessen Ausgang das Gesamtsignal erhalten wird.In Fig. 3, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is shown. Here the sen sensors 2 and 3 are offset by an odd multiple of the tooth pitch that they are just opposite on the sender wheel 1 . In the ideal case, this is only possible with an odd number of teeth on the encoder wheel 1 , but in practice it is also given with a large even number of teeth. Displacements of the shaft due to bearing play in the Y direction, as shown in Fig. 4, do not lead to a phase shift of the signals from sensors 2 and 3 to each other. The amplitudes change, but the zero crossing of the overall signal is retained. A shift in the X direction leads to a certain negative phase in sensor 2 , positive phase shift in sensor 3 to an equally large positive phase, as shown in FIG. 4 with broken lines. This has no influence on the central position of the overall signal. With only one sensor, this would result in a measurement error. In the same way, the influence of a pitch error distributed over the circumference of the sensor wheel 1 or with odd multiples of the period on the measured value is eliminated. FIG. 3 also shows that the outputs of sensors 2 and 3 are routed to a differential or sum amplifier 4 , at the output of which the overall signal is obtained.

Claims (4)

1. Anordnung zur Gewinnung von geradsymmetrischen Signalen aus mindestens zwei Signalgebern mit periodischer Struk­ tur, die relativ zueinander beweglich sind, mit Sensoren, die der Position der Signalgeber entsprechende Signale generieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für mindestens einen Signalgeber (1) mindestens zwei Sensoren (2, 3) vor­ gesehen sind, deren Signale in einer Subtrahier- oder Addierstufe (4) miteinander verknüpft sind, und daß die Sensoren (2, 3) mindestens eine halbe Periode der Struk­ tur des Signalgebers (1) versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. 1. Arrangement for obtaining straight-symmetrical signals from at least two signal generators with periodic structure, which are movable relative to one another, with sensors that generate signals corresponding to the position of the signal generators, characterized in that for at least one signal generator ( 1 ) at least two sensors ( 2, 3 ) are seen before, whose signals are linked together in a subtracting or adding stage ( 4 ), and that the sensors ( 2, 3 ) are offset from one another at least half a period of the structure of the signal generator ( 1 ). 2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Sensoren (2, 3) eine halbe Periode plus eine oder mehrere ganze Perioden der Struktur des Signalgebers (1) versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sensors ( 2, 3 ) half a period plus one or more whole periods of the structure of the signal generator ( 1 ) are arranged offset from one another. 3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Signalgeber (1) Zahnräder oder Räder mit perio­ dischen optischen Markierungen vorgesehen sind. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that gears or wheels with periodic optical markings are provided as signal transmitters ( 1 ). 4. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Sensoren (2, 3) derart ver­ setzt zueinander angeordnet sind, daß sie sich in bezug auf den Signalgeber an zwei möglichst gegenüberliegenden Stellen befinden.4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two sensors ( 2, 3 ) are arranged in such a way ver that they are located in two opposite positions with respect to the signal generator.
DE19863619408 1986-06-09 1986-06-09 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS Granted DE3619408A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863619408 DE3619408A1 (en) 1986-06-09 1986-06-09 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS
EP87106544A EP0249026A3 (en) 1986-06-09 1987-05-06 Even-symmetry signals acquisition device
US07/059,220 US4805465A (en) 1986-06-09 1987-06-08 Arrangement for the production of straight-line symmetrical signals
JP62143966A JPS6310912A (en) 1986-06-09 1987-06-09 Apparatus for obtaining linear symmetry signal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863619408 DE3619408A1 (en) 1986-06-09 1986-06-09 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3619408A1 true DE3619408A1 (en) 1987-12-10
DE3619408C2 DE3619408C2 (en) 1989-08-24

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Family Applications (1)

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DE19863619408 Granted DE3619408A1 (en) 1986-06-09 1986-06-09 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF STRAIGHT-SYMMETRICAL SIGNALS

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4805465A (en)
EP (1) EP0249026A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS6310912A (en)
DE (1) DE3619408A1 (en)

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DE3907760A1 (en) * 1989-03-10 1990-09-20 Battelle Institut E V Method and device for the faultless measurement of torque on a shaft

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KR890000890A (en) * 1987-06-22 1989-03-17 미타 가츠시게 Torque Detection Device
JPH01313726A (en) * 1988-05-18 1989-12-19 Jean Walterscheid Gmbh Method and apparatus for measuring angular moment moving in molded object
US5265467A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-11-30 Dana Corporation Apparatus for monitoring operation of a drive shaft
US5895847A (en) * 1995-05-03 1999-04-20 Kem Kuppers Elektromechanik Gmbh Apparatus for generating signal pulses
DE19732124C2 (en) * 1997-06-25 2003-04-17 Kuesel Mailaender Katharina Method for testing a gear and a rack and device for testing a gear
DE10119471A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-31 Micronas Gmbh Method and two-wire sensor for measuring a physical quantity
ATE544946T1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2012-02-15 Repower Systems Ag SPEED CONTROL IN A WIND TURBINE WITH TWO PROXIMITY SENSORS FOR SPEED MEASUREMENT
US8539810B2 (en) 2011-02-22 2013-09-24 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for calibrating a torque measurement
JP6585147B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-10-02 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Actuator device
KR20200095458A (en) * 2017-12-01 2020-08-10 하마마츠 포토닉스 가부시키가이샤 Actuator device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0249026A2 (en) 1987-12-16
DE3619408C2 (en) 1989-08-24
JPS6310912A (en) 1988-01-18
EP0249026A3 (en) 1989-12-06
US4805465A (en) 1989-02-21

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