DE3509134A1 - Process and device for bulk colouring of plastics yarns and/or fibres - Google Patents

Abstract

The process according to the invention provides for non-coloured, molten polymer to be guided through a single main extruder (1) and, at the outlet thereof, two or more streams of pre-dispersed pigment emerging from a small auxiliary extruder (3) to be metered and introduced into a single injection chamber which is subdivided by dividing walls to separate the various pigments. The device consists of a main extruder (1) for the uncoloured basic polymer, of two or more auxiliary extruders (3) for the pigments, which auxiliary extruders (3) are each provided with a volumetric metering unit and a multiple tip assembly. The main stream of polymer is subdivided into secondary streams into which the pigments are then introduced. If appropriate, a homogenisation assembly (20) and a filter assembly (21), and also a system for controlling, monitoring and adjusting the additional processes are provided. <IMAGE>

Description

"Method and device for the mass coloring of

Plastic Yarns and / or Fibers "The present invention relates to a custody for bulk dyeing of plastic yarns and / or fibers, i.e. a System that involves the physical injection of the pigment into the melted Phase located polymer consists; in this phase the pull-through takes place the spray head holes. In this way, already dyed thread is created.

Bulk staining is almost always used. if thread made of polypropylene (which has less chemical ability to combine with dyes than polyolefin) is erected; However, it is also used as a method of dyeing as an alternative to spinning used by nylon, polyester and the like.

The known methods of adding a figure to the polymer can essentially limited to the two basic techniques, which are given below to be discribed.

One or two pigments in Kerner or in powder and in suitable ones Substances dissolved in dispersed pigments) are simply added to the polymer (in grains or in powder) with gravimetric or volumetric dosing devices and then mixed together in appropriate barley.

The mixture obtained in this way can be fed directly to the spinning plant or it can be sprayed separately beforehand in order to get the "color concentrate" (or master bath) that has the required shade and then advertise the spinning plant (possibly mixed with other white polymer), This system has major drawbacks, namely: There is the difficulty the implementation of an accurate and repeatable dosage and thus frequently occurring Faterror, especially with monochrome material; high labor costs for mixing and, if necessary, for pre-spraying (loss of material, failure, electricity, working time etc.) as a result of handling large quantities of material; Coloring of the entire polymer supply line and the extruder for the spinning mill, which makes cleaning difficult when changing colors and causes corresponding material losses.

A second system sees the supply of the prepared pigment in Kerner or in powder to a small auxiliary extruder of the spider layer and the Direct injection into the molten phase of the mass coming from the main extruder Base polymer. Dosing is more expedient in the molten phase by means of of volumetric dispensers.

This system called "injection molding" differs from that described above System has the following advantages.

- The pigment is less exposed to degradation because it is not the stressful and prolonged mechanical and thermal effects of the main extruder for the spinning plant is exposed; - the necessary work processes for the Color changes are significantly faster and easier because of the coloring area in question is less; - it also exists. the possibility of concentrated pigments with significant Use discount for the work regulations.

In many cases, before spinning, the molten polymer un pigment masses are homogenized with appropriate precautions and with continuous or semi-continuous filtering for some purposes like flooring and filtering Interior decorations in general, multi-colored yarns are often requested tissue with specially flocked drawings.

Currently, mass-dyed yarn is being used in two or more colors obtained with two basic systems The first is a two-tier system, in which the first stage in the manufacture of one of those described above Method @@ mass-dyed single-colored yarn that fits you to the.

receiving end titer has adjusted titer.

The second stage consists in the union of two or more single-colored threads.

This method also has obvious disadvantages: - Minor Production capacity in the spinning mill, since threads with lower titers are produced Need to become; - Costs for storage and internal transport between the first and second stage; - higher manufacturing costs; - major failures etc.

The use of this method is currently only justified if it is desired to have special drawings in the finished product, the special Require properties of the yarn, for example a thread twist.

The second system is immediate and provides only one stage. It currently consists in the same spinning line two or several extruders for the polymer made according to one of the above systems to which various pigments are added (by simply mixing or injecting as gnawed above).

In this way, flatbreads of different colors are extruded at the same time, which are expediently combined in bundles using various methods and finally wound on bobbins like threads of two or more colors.

This method requires the use of two or more main extruders. For this reason the system knows if the coloring is done by simple niches, in particular the following typical disadvantages; - Complexity and cost for the premixing; - Difficulties in the case of frequent color changes; Insufficient color uniformity 1 especially when producing single-colored yarns when all extruders use the same Pigment to be fed.

If the coloring should be done by injection into the mass it required two or three times a considerably complex and subtle one Process with multiple rule and control systems that reduce both investment costs as well as making the operation and technical reliability of the system more difficult, to repeat.

Then, when it is necessary to make single-colored yarn, results the case the same pigment on the same terms with several different ones and separate systems, which of course easily leads to inconsistency the color can lead.

The present invention has therefore set itself the task of a To realize method and apparatus for mass dyeing with multiple injection that provides: - to use only one main extruder instead of 2 or 3); - only one homogenization and filtration group instead of two or more separate ones Groups to use.

This results in the following advantages: Greater technical simplification the system with a significant reduction in investment costs and energy consumption; - Better control of the temperature conditions in the sensitive points injection and homogenization; - Similarity of therniisoh-mechanical Treatment of the polymer in the sole main extruder; - Adaptation of the facility that indistinguishable and with the greatest color global character both monochrome than can produce multicolored fiden, taking the particular advantages of the injection system are retained, such as: - less degradation of the pigments (and thus use from Pigments at lower prices); - no coloring of the main extruder and facilitating the required operations for each color change; - Possibility of use of pigments of higher concentration with reduced cost of the application instructions.

It should also be noted that the device is capable of melted polymer mass also contain additives other than pigments, for example UV stabilizers1 heat stabilizers1 antistatic agents, flame retardants, etc. inject.

Implementation examples are shown in the attached drawings. 1 shows a schematic plan view of the entire triple spray group; Fig. 2 is a section along line 2-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 shows an arrangement of the am At the end of the spray line made spray holes, i.e. a cut along the Line 3-3 in Figure 2; Fig. 4 is a plan view, i. from level 4-4 in Fig. 1, the triple homogenization and filtration group in one section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 2; 5 shows a view from the left side of FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 shows a section along the line 6-6 in FIG. 2 or 5.

In Fig. 1, the main extruder is denoted by 1; Z, 3 and 4 are the auxiliary extruders, each of which is provided with metering devices 5, 6 and 7. The main extruder 1 freezes the base polymer into the channel 8 between the triple spray group, which is generally designated 10 (Fig. L)> provided is. Within this group, the channel 8 is divided into three separate ones Lines 15, 16, 17 (Fig. 6), In this implementation, the lines are according to directed downwards.

A conveyor pipe 12, 13 and 14 enters each line Conveyor pipes carry the dispersed material coming from the corresponding auxiliary extruder 2, 3, 4 Pigment or the like.

a.

Preferably, the block 11 contains part of the line 16, one Part of the pipe 13 and the confluence area of the pipe 13 in the corresponding line 16 for the base polymer and can be removed for easy cleaning and replacement will.

Even if only one block 11 is illustrated in the drawings, In reality there are three blocks in group 10, one block for each flilfextruder provided.

Wes the arrangement of the provided at the exit of the conveyor pipes 12, 13, 14 Concerning spray holes, it should be noted that these must be arranged so that they have the greatest uniformity in the addition of the pigment to the molten polymer masis allow and at the same time have such dimensions that they are not easily removed from carbon residues as a result of any material degradations are easily clogged, on the other hand, however, a continuous, non-pulsating flow of the molten material Pigments guarantee. An implementation example of these holes is shown in FIG The holes placed in the removable blocks are for every need for intervention accessible and interchangeable.

Apart from that, FIG. 2t, which represents the section 2-2 in FIG. 1 from the reference numerals that indicate the different parts in which the additive flows, also be the section along the line 2-2 'or 2-2 "in Fig. 1, i.e. longitudinally the two auxiliary extruders 2 or 4.

After the additive has been introduced, the lines 15, 16 arrive. 17 into a triple homogenizing group 2t, the one with three rows of homogenizing impellers 23, 24, 25 (Fig, 4) is provided, and in which the now mixed with the additive Polymer is designed uniformly. It then flows through a triple filtration group 21, in which each of the three flows passes through two filters 26, one of which or the other can be switched off with the tap 27. The filtration groups 21 is connected to a spinning head 22, which is only shown schematically.

The triple spray group described is for the production of continuous multi-strand synthetic yarn such as polypropylene, nylon 6, nylon 66 and polyester have been experimented with, it has been shown that they maintain the desired colors continuously and precisely and monochromatic and multicolored threads can work.

It should be noted that the multiple spray system from a single Regulation and control station is controlled, which ensures the maintenance of the intended Pigment percentages in every manufacturing phase, even during the fast and hardest Transitional conditions monitored.

Claims (1)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Process for obtaining thermoplastics bulk dyed polymer yarns and / or fibers such as propylene, nylon 6, nylon 66, polyester and the like, noting that the base polymer through a single main extruder and at the exit the flow in two or more Rivers are divided and in each river one of its own auxiliary extruder grains pre-dispersed pigment or another additive is added. 2, method according to claim 1, characterized in that the different Additized polymer flows are then homogenized and / or filtered. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that daX the different Help the extruder be fed with the same pigment or the like and in this way Monochromatic yarn dyed in the wet has excellent color properties with regard to Has regularity, equality and persistence, 4. Means of maintenance of mass-colored threads and / or fibers, - characterized in that they comprises a main extruder (1) for the non-colored base polymer, which at his Output with a channel that is divided into two or more lines (15, 16, 17), in which two or more auxiliary extruders (2, 3, 4) predispersed Introduce pigments or other similar additives. 5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that each Auxiliary extruder (2, 3, 4) is provided with a metering device (5, 6, 7). 6. Apparatus according to claim 41, characterized in that according to the Introducing the pigment or the like, a homogenizer and / or filtration group (20, 21) is provided. 7, device according to claim 4, characterized in that the dosage and the overall production of the thread is completely automatic.