DE3425764A1 - Wall element having a framework, and process for the production thereof - Google Patents
Wall element having a framework, and process for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- DE3425764A1 DE3425764A1 DE3425764A DE3425764A DE3425764A1 DE 3425764 A1 DE3425764 A1 DE 3425764A1 DE 3425764 A DE3425764 A DE 3425764A DE 3425764 A DE3425764 A DE 3425764A DE 3425764 A1 DE3425764 A1 DE 3425764A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- framework
- compartments
- wall element
- factory
- rigid foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
- B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B21/047—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/022—Foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
- B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wandelement mit Fachwerk zum Abtragen vertikaler und horizontaler Lasten zur Verwendung als Fertigbauteil für die Errichtung eines Fachwerkhauses sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Fachwerks.The invention relates to a wall element with a framework for removing vertical and horizontal loads Use as a prefabricated component for the construction of a Half-timbered house and a method for making such a framework.
In der Bundesrepublik Deutschland werden 15 bis 20 % aller Eigenheime in Fertigbauweise errichtet. Darüber hinaus werden Fertighäuser auch in das benachbarte Ausland geliefert. Die Bauherren schätzen bei der Fertigbauweise die schlüsselfertige Übergabe zu einem bei Vertragsabschluß vereinbarten Festpreiss die im Vergleich zu konventionellen Bauarten per Saldo niedrigeren Baukosten, die Durchführung des gesamten Bauvorhabens durch einen einzigen Vertragspartner, die geringere Gefahr der Durchfeuchtung wegen der r * kürzeren Montagezeiten und pünktlich eingehaltene " ^ Bautermine. Alle diese Vorteile sind durch die Fertigung ganzer Bauteile im Werk und damit unter Dach bedingt. Diesen Vorteilen steht eine gewisse Einförmigkeit des äußeren Anblicks gegenüber, die in ländlicher, noch unverbauter Umgebung störend wirken kann.In the Federal Republic of Germany, 15 to 20% of all homes are prefabricated. In addition, prefabricated houses are also delivered to neighboring countries. The builders estimate for the finished design, the turnkey delivery at an agreed when the contract fixed price s lower compared to conventional designs, net construction costs, the implementation of the entire construction project by a single contractor, the reduced risk of moisture because of the r * shorter assembly times and on time Construction deadlines met. All these advantages are due to the production of entire components in the factory and thus under roof. These advantages are offset by a certain uniformity of the external appearance, which can be disturbing in rural, as yet undeveloped surroundings.
Fachwerkhäuser werden auch jetzt noch, wenn auch in sehr geringer Zahl, gebaut. Es handelt sich entweder um originalgetreue Nachbauten historischer Gebäude oder aber um moderne Konstruktionen in traditioneller Zimmermannsarbeit. Bei diesen Neubauten müssen die Anforderungen des baulichen Holzschutzes, des Wärme- und Feuchtigkeitsschutzes verwirklicht werden. Dazu werden nach "Bauen mit Holz" 85, 542-543 (1) die Gefache mit Gasbeton ausgemauert und verputzt, wobei die Wärmedämmung in Gestalt von Mineralfasermatten zwischen Konterlattung auf der Innenseite des Fachwerks eingelegt wird. Auf die Konterlattung werden Schalungsbretter oder Gipskartonplatten aufgebracht. Bei modernen Konstruktionen Half-timbered houses are still being built now, albeit in very small numbers. It is either Faithful replicas of historical buildings or modern constructions in traditional carpentry work. These new buildings must meet the requirements of structural wood protection, heat and moisture protection be realized. To do this, after "Building with Wood" 85, 542-543 (1) the compartments with Aerated concrete lined and plastered, with the thermal insulation in the form of mineral fiber mats between counter battens is inserted on the inside of the framework. Formwork boards or plasterboard are attached to the counter battens. With modern constructions
- 4 EPO COPY Jl- 4 EPO COPY Jl
/Λ / ·■' f" '■'■ r·· I t ^- -- . -J ' r / Λ / · ■ 'f "' ■ '■ r ·· I t ^ - -. -J' r
werden in den Gefachen Mineralfasermatten angeordnet, die aber zuverlässig gegen Durchfeuchtung durch Witterungseinflüsse gesichert werden müssen. Dazu wird nach "Bauen mit Holz" 83, 483 - 484 (2) vorgesetzte Verklinkerung verwendet oder es wird der Abschluß der Gefache nach außen nach "Bauen mit Holz" 84, 624 (3) durch über dem Fachwerk liegende oder nach "Bauen mit Holz" 85, 138-140 (4) durch in die Gefache eingepaßte, bündig verlegte Bauplatten oder nach "Bauen mit Holz" 84, 10-11 (5) durch vorgeblendete Bretterverschalung ; erreicht. Da nach den Anforderungen des baulichen Holzschutzes Niederschläge schnell abgeleitet werden müssen, ; ist das Ausmauern der Gefache sehr problematisch, weil ; nasses Mauerwerk das hölzerne Fachwerk durchfeuchten kann. Mineralfasermatten im Gefach bieten zwar einen guten Wärmeschutz, müssen aber zuverlässig gegen Durchfeuchten geschützt werden. Das genaue und bündige Einpassen von Bauplatten in jedes Gefach kann zwar gegen Niederschläge sichern, ist aber arbeitsaufwendig und schlägt daher auf die Baukosten durch. Der Schutz der Mineralfasermatten ' durch Beplankung des ganzen Fachwerks mit Bauplatten oder durch vorgesetzte Verklinkerung führt zur Abdeckung des ; Fachwerks, dessen Existenz allenfalls durch optische Maß- ;·"'■ nahmen veranschaulicht werden kann.Mineral fiber mats are arranged in the compartments, but they must be reliably secured against moisture penetration due to the weather. For this purpose, after "building with wood" 83, 483-484 (2), facing clinker is used or the compartments are closed to the outside after "building with wood" 84, 624 (3) by overlying the framework or after "building with." Wood "85, 138-140 (4) by means of flush-mounted building boards fitted into the compartments or, according to" Building with Wood "84, 10-11 (5) by facing board cladding; achieved. Since, according to the requirements of structural wood protection, precipitation must be drained off quickly; the lining of the compartments is very problematic because ; wet masonry can soak the wooden framework. Mineral fiber mats in the compartment offer good thermal protection, but must be reliably protected against moisture penetration. The exact and flush fitting of building panels in each compartment can protect against precipitation, but is labor-intensive and therefore affects the construction costs. The protection of the mineral fiber mats' by planking the entire framework with building panels or by facing clinker leads to the covering of the ; Half-timbered structure, the existence of which can at best be illustrated by optical measures.
In "Bauen mit Holz" 85, 138 - 140 (4) wird auch über ein Fachwerkhaus in Schnellmontage berichtet. Seine Konstruktion besteht aus sechs Gebinden, die parallel zueinander über die ganze Länge des Hauses reichen und in Giebel richtung verlaufen, so daß zwei von ihnen Außenwände bilden. Diese Gebinde werden am Boden, also auf der Baustelle aufgeschlagen, fertig montiert, mittels Kran aufgerichtet und zur Endmontage positioniert. Hier liegt keine Fertigbauweise im Sinne des Baurechts vor. Auch hier werden in die Gefache eingelegte"Mineralfasermatten als Wärmeschutz verwendet,In "Building with Wood" 85, 138-140 (4) there is also a report on a half-timbered house in rapid assembly. Its construction consists of six containers that extend parallel to each other over the entire length of the house and run in the direction of the gable, so that two of them form outer walls. These containers are pitched on the ground, i.e. on the construction site, fully assembled, erected using a crane and positioned for final assembly. There is no prefabricated construction in the The sense of building law. Here, too, "mineral fiber mats" inserted into the compartments are used as heat protection,
die in der schon beschriebenen Weise nach außen abgedeckt werden.which are covered to the outside in the manner already described.
Die zur Wärmedämmung verwendeten Mineralfasermatten können nach "Bauen mit Holz" 85, 544 (6) auch durch Hartschaumblöcke ersetzt werden. Da Fachwerkwände zum Ableiten horizontaler Kräfte schräg verlaufende aussteifende Streben enthalten müssen, sind zum Ausfüllen von Gefachen, die teilweise von solchen Streben begrenzt werden, dreieck- oder trapezförmige Hartschaumblöcke erforderlich. Sie müssen in aufwendiger Arbeit aus Hartschaumblöcken mit rechtwinkliger Begrenzung herausgeschnitten und eingepaßt werden, wobei an den Schnittflächen die Poren aufgeschnitten werden. Um diese aufwendige Arbeit möglichst zu verringern, wird die Zahl der schräg verlaufenden Streben soweit als möglich verringert. Damit ist jedoch die Freiheit in der Gestaltung der Fachwerkwände sowohl in statischer als auch architektonischer Hinsicht ' empfindlich eingeschränkt, so daß die Vielfalt bei der Gestaltung des Fachwerks, die bei historischen Fachwerkbauten gegeben ist, durch ziemlich gleichförmige Bauten abgelöst wird.The mineral fiber mats used for thermal insulation can also be made of rigid foam blocks after "Building with Wood" 85, 544 (6) be replaced. Since half-timbered walls are inclined bracing to divert horizontal forces Must contain struts are to fill in compartments that are partially limited by such struts, triangular or trapezoidal rigid foam blocks required. You have to laboriously work out of rigid foam blocks be cut out with a right-angled delimitation and fitted, the pores being cut open at the cut surfaces will. In order to reduce this laborious work as much as possible, the number of inclined Strive reduced as much as possible. With that, however, the freedom in the design of the half-timbered walls is both in static as well as in architectural terms' sensitively restricted, so that the variety in the Design of the framework, which is given in historical half-timbered buildings, by means of fairly uniform buildings is replaced.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Vorteile der Fertigbauweise auf echte Fachwerkkonstruktionen zu übertragen, die frei gestaltet werden können, und damit landschaftsgebundenes und zugleich preiswertes Bauen zu fördern. Ferner soll der Bau von Fachwerkwänden ermöglicht werden, die den Anforderungen des baulichen Holzschutzes, des Wärme- und Feuchtigkeitsschutzes nach den einschlägigen Normen und Vorschriften entsprechen und einen hohen Vorfertigungsgrad aufweisen, so daß bereits im Werk Türen und Fenster eingebaut werden und alle Installationen erfolgen können.The object of the invention is to transfer the advantages of prefabricated construction to real framework structures, which can be freely designed and thus promote landscape-bound and at the same time inexpensive building. Furthermore, the construction of half-timbered walls is to be made possible, which meets the requirements of structural wood protection, des Heat and moisture protection according to the relevant Correspond to standards and regulations and have a high degree of prefabrication, so that already in the factory Doors and windows can be built in and all installations can be made.
Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung gelöstThis object is achieved according to the invention
EPO COPY EPO COPY
durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1. Ein Verfahren nach der Erfindung ist in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 4 angegeben.by the characterizing features of claim 1. A method according to the invention is set out in claims 2-4.
An der Außenseite wird der in die Gefache eingebrachte Hartschaum unter Verwendung geeigneter Putzträger verputzt, an der Innenseite können die Fachwerkwände mit Bauplatten unter Zwischenlage von Folien als Dampfsperre beplankt werden. Diese Techniken sind aus dem Fertighausbau mit Wandelementen in Tafel bauweise bekannt.On the outside, the hard foam inserted into the compartments is plastered using a suitable plaster base, on the inside, the half-timbered walls can be fitted with building boards with interposed foils as a vapor barrier be planked. These techniques are known from prefabricated house construction with wall elements in panel construction.
Die Zeichnung zeigt in einer einzigen Figur einen Horizontalschnitt durch einen Teil einer Fachwerkwand.The drawing shows a horizontal section in a single figure through part of a half-timbered wall.
j ■'.-■'· - ■■ ■- ■ . ■j ■ '.- ■' · - ■■ ■ - ■. ■
Mit 1 sind zwei Stiele, mit 2 ist eine schräg geschnittene,With 1 there are two stems, with 2 there is a diagonally cut,
; ty aussteifende Strebe bezeichnet. Die Dicke des Hartschaums; ty stiffening strut. The thickness of the rigid foam
■' 3 ist geringer als die Gefachtiefe, so daß auch nach Auf-■ '3 is less than the depth of the compartment, so that even after
: f bringen des Kunstharzputzes 4 das Fachwerk aus der Ebene: f bring the synthetic resin plaster 4 the framework out of the plane
: der Putzoberfläche herausragt oder bündig mit ihr abschließt,: the plaster surface protrudes or is flush with it,
■ An der Innenseite folgen eine Bauplatte 5, z. B. eine ■ On the inside follow a building board 5, z. Legs
: . Spanplatte, eine Folie 6 als Dampfsperre und eine Gips- ':. Chipboard, a film 6 as a vapor barrier and a plaster '
kartonplatte 7 aufeinander. Icardboard plate 7 on top of each other. I.
■ ' "~ Com/ / ■ '"~ Com / /
In der Patentanmeldung wurden folgende Veröffentlichungen berücksichtigt:The following publications were included in the patent application considered:
(1) Anonym 1983: Neues Haus nach altem Vorbild, Bauen mit Holz 85, 542/543(1) Anonymous 1983: New house based on the old model, building with wood 85, 542/543
(2) Anonym 1981: Ein zeitgemäßes Fachwerkhaus, Bauen mit Holz 83, 483/485(2) Anonymous 1981: A contemporary half-timbered house, building with wood 83, 483/485
(3) Anonym 1982: Ein solides Fachwerkhaus, Bauen mit Holz 84, 624(3) Anonymous 1982: A solid half-timbered house, building with wood 84, 624
(4) Anonym 1983: Ein Fachwerkhaus in Schnellmontage, Bauen mit Holz 85, 138/140(4) Anonymous 1983: A half-timbered house in rapid assembly, Building with wood 85, 138/140
(5) Anonym 1982: Ein Wohn- und Fachwerkhaus, Bauen mit Holz 84, 10/11(5) Anonymous 1982: A residential and half-timbered house, Bauen mit Holz 84, 10/11
(6) Anonym 1983: Hartschaumausgefachtes Fachwerk, ; Bauen mit Holz 85, 544 S(6) Anonymous 1983: Hard foam-filled framework,; Building with wood 85, 544 S.
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Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3425764A DE3425764A1 (en) | 1984-07-12 | 1984-07-12 | Wall element having a framework, and process for the production thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3425764A DE3425764A1 (en) | 1984-07-12 | 1984-07-12 | Wall element having a framework, and process for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3425764A1 true DE3425764A1 (en) | 1986-01-16 |
Family
ID=6240504
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE3425764A Withdrawn DE3425764A1 (en) | 1984-07-12 | 1984-07-12 | Wall element having a framework, and process for the production thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3425764A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2602808A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-19 | Noel Renaud | Modular element of composite construction, for the rapid installation of insulating, partitioning or lining partitions, which is fixed or dismantlable, in the form of a half-timber panel, and system for fitting such elements together |
EP0554474A1 (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1993-08-11 | Tampa-Hall Limited | Method for producing prefabricated foam-insulated walls |
US5273693A (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1993-12-28 | Tampa-Hall Limited | Method for producing prefabricated foam-insulated walls |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2534815A1 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-02-10 | Heinrich Dolle | Timber frame house walls - using plastic foam filling in frame cavities between board panels |
DE7819466U1 (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1978-10-05 | Blanckenhorn, Jerg, 2800 Bremen | TRUSS WALL ELEMENT |
DE2746651A1 (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-04-19 | Karl Heinz Fingerling | Heat insulating framework-panel type houses - by injecting polyurethane foam-forming compsn. into box shuttering fitted to walls |
-
1984
- 1984-07-12 DE DE3425764A patent/DE3425764A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2534815A1 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-02-10 | Heinrich Dolle | Timber frame house walls - using plastic foam filling in frame cavities between board panels |
DE2746651A1 (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-04-19 | Karl Heinz Fingerling | Heat insulating framework-panel type houses - by injecting polyurethane foam-forming compsn. into box shuttering fitted to walls |
DE7819466U1 (en) * | 1978-06-29 | 1978-10-05 | Blanckenhorn, Jerg, 2800 Bremen | TRUSS WALL ELEMENT |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2602808A1 (en) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-19 | Noel Renaud | Modular element of composite construction, for the rapid installation of insulating, partitioning or lining partitions, which is fixed or dismantlable, in the form of a half-timber panel, and system for fitting such elements together |
EP0554474A1 (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1993-08-11 | Tampa-Hall Limited | Method for producing prefabricated foam-insulated walls |
US5273693A (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1993-12-28 | Tampa-Hall Limited | Method for producing prefabricated foam-insulated walls |
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