DE3300524A1 - Combined protection and burglar-prevention railing - Google Patents

Abstract

This structural-engineering invention achieves in one single novel system two previously usually separate technical safety precautions, namely the legally stipulated accident prevention and at the same time burglary prevention on (cellar) stairwells, in particular in residential buildings, but also in other public or private installations which are accessible through stairwells. In this connection, accident prevention railings made of metal, plastics, wood, concrete/metal or other stable materials are technically formed by articulations, hinges or lockable anchorings in such a manner that with them a (stair)well can also be closed off horizontally and made completely inaccessible. As a result of the double function of the combined railing, not only is burglary prevention on building wells considerably improved, but a cost saving is as a rule also achieved because traditional additional safety precautions on cellar doors and windows can be omitted. The variants of the invention are characterised in detail in the patent claims under nos 1-8 and illustrated in examples in the patent description as well as in the drawings of Figures 1-9. <IMAGE>

Description

Combination guardrail and anti-burglary railing Mult The invention relates to the technical 'special construction and locksmithing' novelty of a combination of the function of legally prescribed accident prevention railings on shafts of various types with the further constructional function of the often recommended, partly

Burglar protection already prescribed, especially on basement manholes and to similarly secured benster shafts, lighting, ventilation or other Burglary-prone building nights can use this invention in addition to conventional private and public buildings, but also in newer ones Increasingly in the time, shaft safety devices such as in underground garages under open spaces, depot or Bunxer systems of a military type or private or state companies, such as tank farms, other energy stores and many other systems with and at the same time in need of accident protection Particularly burglar-prone shafts should be taken into account.-The previously common burglar alarm systems on stairwell doors or other shafts have the police and building owners known and feared disadvantage that burglary acts especially in such shafts Not only largely invisible to homeowners, neighbors and security guards can be prepared and executed, but through such open shafts not infrequently provoked, because relatively risk-free, are planned.

That claimed as an invention Railing system basically completely eliminates this security deficiency, which was previously found everywhere, and thus brings obvious progress in a security method of a technical nature that has so far been unsatisfactory.

Also are Railings, especially in the designs according to claims 1-5, also clearly calculable and partly

even considerably more cost-effective than the traditionally duplicate material and labor costs for separate accident protection railings on the one hand and wmi previous door or window bars or steel doors and other anti-intrusion devices on the other. Furthermore, there is the weighty argument that, from the spatial and psychological conditions explained above, the deterrent effect for burglars is undoubtedly considerably increased by such railings Railing achievable cost savings for builders can normally - carefully calculated - be estimated at 20 -35, b, a savings that can certainly be increased by standardization and rationalized series without losing the security effect. Essential for all shown in Figures 1-9 Aie railing variants is the fact that combined functions in a technically partly surprisingly uncomplicated way are guaranteed at all times.

We also have our own and advisory patent specification searches at the The Darmstadt patent office, rather surprisingly, has not yet been found out of approximately comparable patent claims, although already one quite detailed word and elassification analysis carried out according to DPK and IPC has been. According to the current state of research, one seems to be sufficient and supplementary examination request according to §§ 1, 2, 4, paragraph 2 of the Patent Act, hardly any obstacles to patent granting to lead why the applicant intends to realize the basic types his invention according to the marsanten usefulness effect for the structural engineering To operate and accelerate progress in the short term.

Combination railing systems of the same type would be found with high probability long ago on the building market and in building practice in greater numbers if there were such obvious patent or utility model protected Railing types already existed. If the findings made here are confirmed in the examination procedure, the applicant / inventor also applies for an accelerated examination of the formal and subject-specific prerequisites of the applied for patenting and utility model auxiliary report in the interest of interested and suitable license-accepting manufacturing companies or construction companies.

A further technical delimitation from the previous state of the art appears senseless due to the previously obvious novelty of claims 1-8 up to the (unlikely) evidence of directly relevant publications, since none of the previously known and the applicant accessible publications on accident protection railings or burglar protection devices in shafts the specific combinatorial double function of Represent the railing invention or even approximately contain it as a claim.

Explanations for FIGS. 1-9 The essential features of the invention as well as typical details of the main variants of its possible execution emerge once again in the drawings of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1-9 , ie the double function according to the invention of GSE railings for normal-width basement stair wells made of concrete or masonry according to the main claim for reasons of simplification is shown here as an overall representation Railing type according to claim 4 with weldable joints (numbers 1) and mounting points (numbers 2) on an already existing safety railing, Figure 2 used as an example (see page 12) shows the basic idea of the invention according to main claim 1 and in particular according to subclaims 2 and 3 for over-wide staircase shaft systems e The reason for the rationalization of drawings is the right one here Railing (R) formed according to lower claim 2, so that the spar-bearing holding frame (3) for attachment of the unfolded grille part is used at the mounting points (2) and can also act as an additional protection against accidents. - The left one Railing (L), however, is exemplified with the nipple sliding system according to dependent claim 3, wherein the railing posts equipped with the nipples (7) are sunk for the purpose of stabilization in appropriately milled holding bushings that are concreted in Railings for overbuilt shafts can be additionally secured from below by means of various locking devices, eg a lock (1?), According to the description; In addition, the KSE grids can of course be reinforced as required by additional struts, depending on requirements or regulations, Figure 5 (see page 13) shows this Railing type according to claim 2, wherein the post joints (1) and the pull-out or rotatable stabilizing post inner bars (9) are formed in the overall sketch and two associated Detailssizze4Raegebild, the figure also shows the virtual image of the folded railing (4). - Ultimately, the most appropriate design and arrangement of the jellies is a matter for the respective skilled manufacturer and is of a secondary nature according to the invention.

(originally pages 9 and 11) Figure 4 (see page 14) shows a sketch of one Railing post (S) according to dependent claim 3, which is equipped with a retractable or extendable nipple foot (7) and is pushed into a correspondingly milled (6a) and concreted steel or plastic retaining sleeve (6) while it is in the extended state can usually be folded down by 90 ° - Figure 5 (see page 14 shows the Railing type according to dependent claim 4, particularly suitable for shafts with a smaller clear side (less than 9o cm!). - Here, the hinged or nipple-mounted (1/7) folded down "half" grille is attached to the holding rail (3) at a correspondingly lower height with brackets (2) if it is to remain open.

Figure 6 (s * S15) shows a Railing according to dependent claim 5, combination functions through laterally movable.

Pivoting ground anchors (1 o) can be achieved in concrete savings. These ground anchors are, as long as that The railing must be vertical and stable, locked on the respective shaft cheek (11a) by wing screws (ilb) or other, e.g. snap-in brackets (11). The concrete protrusions are covered at floor level - in the example terrace = floor - with suitable material up to the axis of rotation of the anchored post (12).

For reasons of simplicity, the figure only shows zev. Post of the designated Railing types.

(originally pages 12 and 13) Figure 7 (see page 16) shows a model sketch for Systems according to dependent claim 6 for an exceptionally strong securing reinforced concrete that can be tilted on hinges Railing wall. This could be applied and locked both mechanically by means of lever or frame railing devices (14) sunk into the floor and locked, as well as expenditure according to the invention, by means of an electrical, electronic or otherwise operated control system 9 (see 5.17) show types of Railings, in which, instead of statically unchangeable railing elements, the dual function according to the invention by pivotable'auszieh = bar scissor bars (15) and / or telescopic) 1-6 bars, which can be locked and spring-driven from the railing posts in the required length (16a) are spread, is achieved. -- Such However, because of the more complicated production, variants are certainly less cost-effective than the cost-saving and, on average, sufficient simpler ones Gelänaer-aypen .-- The variants shown in Figures 8/9 should also be considered, especially for unusually irregular manholes, and should be added as a delimitation of the claims to the invention - (originally pages 14 and 15) an ode collective index of the numbering used throughout for clerks and users of printed matter - (An additional copy of the entire text on pages 1 -16 is presented, since the original copy is for reasons of clarity in some difficult drawings details in contrasting red .) Meaning of the figures at a glance: 1 = post joints 2 = mounting points for folded REE railings 3 = mounting frame for Guardrail 4 - Folded guardrail part 5 = Guardrail post 6 = Retaining bushes for plug-in systems 7 = Nipples for plug-in or anchor systems 8 = Fixing points for joints or hinges 9 - Post inner bars for stabilization 1o = Floor anchors in concrete recesses 11 = Locking device for floor anchors 12 = Covers for concrete recesses 13 = Hinges 14 = Levers, posts or railing parts recessed in the floor 15 = Scissor gate 16 = Telescopic rods 17 s Locking devices 18 = Bracing (originally page 16) Figures and text changed according to instructions from April 29, 1983.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Main claim of a structural novelty: Eombi-Echutz- and burglar-proof railing characterized by the double (= bifunctional) use of a railing made of metal, plastic, wood, concrete, metal compounds or other stable materials as an accident protection railing in accordance with the statutory provisions on the one hand and as a burglar protection grille or device in accordance with the security recommendations of the criminal investigation agency and / or insurance company on the other hand, in particular in terms of cost-saving construction Applicable to basement stair wells, but also to other burglar-endangered window, watertight, ventilation shafts or similar shaft systems that are at risk of break-in and that remain accessible and therefore have to be guarded against railings when they are in use. "The combination functions are technically implemented, as a rule, by folding down the respective long side part of an accident prevention railing, which is usually fastened vertically, usually by 90 °, so that a basement stairwell or other shafts in need of security are inaccessible through this folded railing and are therefore much more effective than with traditional burglar alarms are already completely cordoned off at (ground floor) floor level or terrace level (most common case!) X-The folding down of the railings is made possible by technically unproblematic joints, retaining posts or retaining railings as well as suitable screwing devices, in special cases also by hinges, which on the one hand the technically prescribed stability of the ensure the respective railing, but on the other hand also a quick and easy folding, usually the longitudinal side, of the grid-like or differently designed accident protection railing zwec Allow ks shut-off for a short or long period of time. The folded one railing Can be connected mechanically, magnetically or electrically to the railing opposite and connected by individually different types of padlocks or snap locks or by secured bolts or by other suitable locking devices. The main claim therefore relates in particular to all technical types of traditionally rigid accident protection railings on manholes for the additional purpose of burglar protection0 This main claim does not only extend to manholes whose clear width exactly or - usually! - corresponds approximately to the usually prescribed handrail height of 90 cm , but is also charged for extra-wide stairwells and other shafts, such systems are brought over - in the logical border guidance of the Railing invention-either with the help of a second, attached to the opposite shaft cheek Railings are technically centered or overlaid, or they can (in special cases) be bridged and also completely cordoned off with telescopic rods that are built into one or both sea railings. The structural innovation named according to the invention in this main claim for normal width and for over-wide shaft systems is documented and illustrated in its basic content by FIGS. Subclaim for Railing according to claim 1, characterized in that the named combined functions are made possible by post joints (see Figure 3, item 1) and by pull-out or rotating post inner bars (Figure 3, item 9). In addition, depending on the request, a railing support frame bearing the spar can completely or partially replace the above-mentioned stabilizing inner post rods (3,9) and remain stable to prevent accidents, while the folded railing part takes on the intended burglary protection (Figure 3, number 4). 3. dependent claim according to claim 1, characterized in that the invention The required dual function is guaranteed by a railing post (Figure 4, Number 5) used connector system (4,6) and NipFelschiebesystem (4), whereby the foldable Railing, in turn, additionally by the railing holding frame denoted in claims 1 and 2 To avoid xorrosion damage and the resulting damage Functional disorders can affect the nipple and nipple areas as well as the joints Claim 2 easily and permanently functional by lubricating feet and plastic protective zaps being held. 4. Subclaim for Railing according to claim 1, characterized by a foldable railing part with joints or hinges, the articulated feet or hinges of which are welded or screwed to a fixed railing or otherwise firmly connected Figure 5, number 83 and which is attached to the fixed railing when the shaft is not to be closed off. This variant is primarily suitable for existing railings and in particular also for closing off shafts whose clear width is less than the prescribed height of accident prevention railings; the folding part is fastened at the corresponding height of the fixed railing (Figure 5'Z.2). 5. Subclaim for - Railing according to claim 1, characterized in that further joints or nipple plug systems with or without HaltErung can be implemented, e.g. with laterally movable ground anchors running in corresponding concrete cut-outs (Figure 6, numbers 10), which can be locked on the shaft cheek (numbers in Figure 6); the concrete recesses are covered flush with the floor with a suitable material up to the axis of rotation (Figure 6, item 12) Railing according to claim 1, characterized by articulated hinges (Figure 7, numbers 13) on the bottom edge of a railing or a railing wall. Such hinge systems are particularly appropriate for heavier concrete / steel-like railings, which, as folded-down burglar protection, also meet extraordinary requirements, such as them are desired or required for banks, museums, public and private-sector custody facilities or for certain private requests. - The folding down and straightening up of such heavy ones The railing can be achieved either by means of levers / railing devices that are sunk into the floor and can be covered (Figure 7, numbers 14) or by pulling rope systems, chain wheel systems or, in special cases, also by hydraulic and electronically controlled locking and opening systems systems (gratings / reinforced concrete, etc.) are additional usable areas. -7. Subclaim for Railing according to claim 1, characterized by the special case that side railings cannot be folded down as in claims 1-6, but only or additionally narrow rear and / or front side railings or shaft access railing doors fulfill the dual function of the invention. 8. Subclaim for Railing according to claims 1-7 characterized by being extendable and at the same time. swiveling and, if required, lockable scissor lattice (fig 8, number 15) or telescopic grille (Figure 9,16) can be used to the invention To achieve double function. Countersinking and covering are possible here. (- 5 -)