DE3128559A1 - DEVICE FOR COARSE CRUSHING HOUSEHOLD - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Device for the coarse crushing of household refuse with hammers which are articulated on a crushing roller, the circumferential movement of which on the refuse side is directed in the same direction as the movement of a plate band conveyor, which extends from a collecting cas past a depth control plate up to a discharge for the coarsely crushed refuse, characterised in that the crushing roller (5) is mounted so as to be vertically yielding against a restoring force and in that the axial spacing (A) of hammers (17), which are as weak as possible, corresponds approximately to the minimum spacing, during operation, of the moving periphery (18) and the plane (19) of the plate band conveyor.

Description

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Mannesmann Veba Umwelttechnik GmbH, Herne 2

Device for the coarse shredding of household waste

The invention relates to a device with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

In such a known device (DE-OS 28 49 509) a fixed shredding roller runs in a Rubbish dump. It is acted upon from above and keeps the garbage in motion like a whisk, with one in Transversely rotating drum is present. The device has the disadvantage that the garbage is largely finer than required to shred. Rubbish that is too finely shredded complicates the subsequent shredding Separation of the various factions.

The invention aims to provide a device for coarse comminution to create that simply tears open containers such as garbage bags or foil bags and with brittle material such as Glass limited to holding palm-sized pieces. To achieve this object, the invention provides the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

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In an expedient embodiment is according to claim 2 the storage on a pair of pendulum links is provided similar to the rear suspension in automobile construction as a robust, simple one Construction.

According to claim 3, it is appropriate to use the hammers as possible to be narrow and to give them an axial distance that z. B. arriving bottles are only roughly crushed. The distance the periphery of the apron conveyor level should be accordingly be. Claim 4 defines this distance as a measurement range.

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In contrast to the shredding roller of the known device, it is not expedient to choose a particularly high peripheral speed. Rather, 40 to 60 m / s are sufficient.
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In the drawing, the invention is based on an exemplary embodiment shown. The drawing explained below shows with

Fig. 1 in elevation, in section, a device for coarse comminution of household waste with a hint of an emptying garbage truck

FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 partly in plan and partly in section along line II-II.

An apron conveyor 1 extends from a bed a garbage truck 2 receiving template box 3 from in a top and side closed chamber 4 into it, the one Crushing roller 5 receives. The belt 1 extends to the discharge 6 of the coarsely crushed material, which is open at the bottom Garbage and is provided with rigid driver strips 7 in a uniform division, approximately corresponding to the bandwidth.

The chamber 4 consists of a middle, higher part 4a and a front and rear lower part 4b and 4c. The transitions of these three parts are provided with loosely hanging armored chains, not shown. Of the The higher part 4a is the working area of the shredding roller directed pendulum link pair 9 mounted. The shaft 10 penetrates the two side walls of the chamber. The side walls are provided with link slots 11 that are not in drawn way are covered by seated Äbdeckschieber on the shaft 10, so keep the chamber 4 tight. One end of the shaft 10 is beyond the bearing point

extends and takes the output gear 12 of an encapsulated V-belt drive 13, the drive wheel 14 of which leads to a motor 16 via a turbo coupling 15. The engine is attached to part 4b of the chamber. 5

The shredding roller is provided in a number of levels with four hammers 17 each hinged to it. The hammers are as narrow as their strength allows, so almost knife-like narrow. The axial distance A of the hammer planes corresponds to the operational minimum distance of the movement periphery 18 to the plate conveyor level 19. If one proceeds as at the beginning mentioned, assuming that bottles arriving lengthways should only be roughly crushed, this is the distance about 100 mm. The height of the driver 7 is 50 mm. So remains between the drivers 7 and the periphery 18 of the The deepest position of the shredding roller, shown in solid lines, has a gap of 50 mm.

If the garbage truck 2 empties its contents into the template box 3, the apron conveyor 1 transports the not presorted Household waste in accordance with a layer height limiter 20 in the chamber 4. There the hammers 17 hit the transport route 8 comminuting roller 5 running in the same direction on the conveying flow. Garbage bags, foil bags, cardboard boxes, Hobbocks and the like are torn open so that the content becomes free. Glass bottles, building blocks and the like become the size of a palm crushed. However, the roller 5 gives way in the case of larger pieces of wood, stone or metal that are difficult to crush namely up to the maximum in the position shown in dashed lines, which the layer height limiter 20 specifies. The arrow denotes the essentially vertical movement path. A shock absorber, not shown, prevents this from happening too quickly happens and vibrational movements arise. By a restoring force resulting from its own weight and / or a spring the shredding roller falls down again after such a "disturbance". Bottles are because of the spacing A only roughly smashed. Telephone books, newspaper packs

and the like are torn open.

It has been shown that the effect described is a optimal peripheral speed of the hammers 17 from 40 to 60 m / s, whereas hammer mills run much faster.

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Claims (5)

Claims 1. Device for the coarse shredding of household waste with a crushing roller articulated hammers, d a characterized in that the The shredding roller (5) is mounted vertically resiliently against a restoring force and its circumferential movement on the garbage side is directed in the same direction to an apron conveyor (1), which is from one with a layer height limiter (20) ■ provided feed box (3) into a chamber (4) which receives the shredding roller extends to the discharge (6) of the coarsely crushed garbage. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that g e - indicates that the shredding roller (5) is inclined downward on one of the transport path (8) directed pendulum link pair (9) is mounted. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in g e, that the axial distance (A) as narrow as possible hammers (17) approximately the operational The minimum distance between the periphery of movement (18) and the plate conveyor level (19) corresponds. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the distance (A) is about 80 is up to 150 mm and the height of the driver (7) is about half of it. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized that the peripheral speed of the hammers (17) is approximately in the range of 40 to 60 m / s lies.