DE3108002A1 - Device for controlling model railway systems, using the route principle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for controlling model railway systems, using the route principle. In this way, it is possible to operate a plurality of engines, protected in accordance with a pattern, without the engines having to be switched on and off by remote control. The rail system is split into electrically isolated route sections (o to u in Fig. 1). A common control signal can be used to control the sections, via a relay amplifier (1), and the points and signals, via the amplifiers (2, 3). Each route is characterised by a flipflop (7). Said flipflop can be set and reset by two or three buttons in the rail display (5), which are allocated to said flipflop and are linked by AND gates. Each flipflop output (A to N) can have allocated definitively to it, via a diode matrix, the control inputs (o ...) (W1 ...) (S1 ...) of the amplifier groups (1, 2, 3) which are required to form "its" route. The relay amplifiers are provided with a current flow signalling device which is electrically decoupled from the rail current. The flipflop circuits are constructed such that a simultaneous double allocation of route sections and the integration of occupied sections can be prevented. The modular construction permits any desired combination and hence matching to any system. <IMAGE>

Description

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description

The invention relates to a device for preliminary control of model railways, with the turnouts belonging to a route and signals by pressing a start track and target track button automatically set and the sections of the system © required for driving the route to the driving device with adjustable driving voltage be switched. Multi-train operation is possible; the track sections that do not belong to a set route remain currentless.

The object of the invention is to make the model operation so similar to the prototype that it is justifiable in terms of costs. The routes should be adjustable from a pushbutton interlocking with a minimum of time and effort so that the operator can fully concentrate on the locomotive · »operation. As with the prototype, routes are set by pressing a start track and destination track button at the same time, D, h. Simplified: All switches and signals influencing the route between the start and destination track are set automatically according to a program that has been set once. For multi-train operation, due to the lack of a train driver on each model locomotive, in contrast to the prototype, only the required sections of the track system are switched to the control panel. According to the invention, the route formation must therefore include the switching on of Gleisabschnit th. In addition, it is the object of the invention to ensure, as in the example, that no route section can be integrated into two routes at the same time. Route sections on which a locomotive or a single wagon is already parked may also not be included in routes, unless they are start sections. The control device must also be expandable from a few to any number of routes without knowledge of electronics.

Controls are known that have switches and buttons for all turnouts, signals and track sections. The disadvantage This type of control is that every route is conceptually and circuit-wise Always has to be reassembled and that automatic Securing against double use is impossible or practically impossible. Occupancy signaling devices based on the principle are also known

Electricity - no electricity in the track section. An automatic backup against driving on sections reported as being occupied is possible, the intellectual technical effort for the inclusion in driveway-appropriate However, operation is considerable and often unreasonable · Fully automatic sequence controls based on a fixed or random program are known. With these controls, however, there is no® possibility to prototypical route operation by hand,

The task set is achieved in that the individual elements © of the system, that is track sections, switch drives, drives for mechanical signals and lamps from light signal devices are connected directly to power switchgear. Flg. 1 shows the division of a small system into track sections and the connection of the elements. The track sections ο to u are connected single-pole to the power links with relays (1). B. W (50) and W_y ₃ are sent to group (2) and all light signals, e.g. B. (51) en the group (3) connected. When not connected, the inputs of the power elements of all 3 groups have an L signal. The inputs of the elements (1) (2) (3) are connected to the program memory (4). The command input into this memory takes place z. B, via the keyboard in the switchboard (5).

When activating the power elements (1) (2) (3) with an H signal these become active. The relay of the track switching element (60) of the group (1) then pulls and switches the track section (o) to the driving device (6), the signal switching element (61) of group (3) switches the connected Light signal z. B, from red to green and the turnout switch (62) the group (2) gives a short. Impulse to the connected magnet system as soon as the input signal at the power element (62) from L changes to H. If the input signal goes back to L, then the track section is switched off by the control panel, the light signal goes back from green to red. The one that responds to the transition from L to H. The turnout is not affected by the H-L transition. Automatic turnout drives are controlled like light signals.

The assignment of the individual track sections, points and signals the routes are set once, e.g. B, using a table according to Fig. 2.

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Fig. 3 shows the principle of the program memory. There are so many in it Flip-flop memory circuits such as routes are provided. 3Ie are denoted by A, B, etc. The actual flip-flop (8) of the Flip-flop circuit (7) is via a logic element (12) from outside, half, z. B. set with buttons a (9) and c (11) in the track diagram *, The outputs of the flip-flop circuit (7) are protected by a protective resistor (13) short-circuit proof. To the outputs of all flip-flop circuits A, B etc. 3 distribution fields are connected. A plug-in or solderable diode matrix, e.g. B. the diodes (14) to (20) can Each power link can be connected to each route. The fixed one Allocation to the routes via a diode matrix is for small to medium-sized systems completely sufficient and inexpensive. It can be achieved through matrix distributors or permanently programmable electronic memories be replaced,

An existing route is canceled by resetting the corresponding flip-flops (8) j z. B. when deleting manually by simultaneous H signal from button c (11) and for all flip-flop Spelcher circuits total effective delete button (14),

The buttons a - b - c etc., (9) (10) (11) are expediently Arranged in the track diagram in such a way that the button that is connected to the set and reset inputs is next to the start track or the ZlelgleiB · * symbol is mounted.

The embodiment of the inventive concept described with reference to FIG. 3 allows the simultaneous existence of several routes without independently checking whether this is permissible for the driving operation , switches and signals from Hähd already considerable relief options for the operation,

In a further embodiment of the invention is the set input equipped with 3 or more AND-linked inputs according to Fig. 4, wherewi the external circuit is chosen so that no outside Shaded inputs act as if they are not available, in the example carry a Η signal. This makes it possible, for example, to have 2 routes with the same start and destination track, but partly different routes

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E.g. to program for bypasses. If only 2 buttons are required, so only the two outer inputs are connected, dor middle remains free. For automatic operation, only the on » gear 3 e.g. via a reed contact in the system to + paschaltot.

For automatic operation, e.g. automatic deletion when the train arrives at its destination, the flip-flop has a dynamic input (19) and a priority reset input (20) effective Η signal will not take effect _t The flip-flop memory circuit (7) can be provided with an output connected to Q via a negation element to increase the fan ^ out and / or to achieve certain blocking properties. It is also possible to replace the diode matrix, e.g. (14) to (20), with built-in diodes. This allows the use of simple crossbar distributors without flying wires,

In order to lock existing routes to double assignment of individual portions in an extension of the inventive concept, z, B, according to Flg.5 all _r for the connection of power members for track sections (1) provided on outputs (21) of the flip-flop circuit (7) via a sure suitable logic element, eg a Nor gate (22) _{# connected} to a further input of the AND-connecting gate (23) before the set input of the flip-flop (8). Signal, because a connected output of another flip-flop has an H-signal, then the flip-flop (8) cannot be set. This ensures that no track section can be included multiple times in routes without additional programming work.

If the switch (24) is thrown, a Η signal is sent to everyone 4. Inputs of the logic elements (23) given, so is the one described Blocking circuit ineffective for all flip-flops is required e.g. for maneuvering. For decoupling the fllplops among each other are the diode (25) and the resistor (26).

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Track sections not currently included in routes © be manned by trains, locomotives or individual wagons. Should the inclusion Such sections in routes are prevented, so one uses line power links according to Fig. 5. They lead at the entrance E. An H signal when a current of a certain minimum size flows over the rail section (34). When using the in Fig, 5 shown blocking circuit for the set input of the flip-flop (9) the route cannot be set as long as one of the required track sections is occupied, because this is activated via the matrix © inen the outputs (21) reaching the H signal in the manner described blocks the flip-flop. It is preferably used for track monitoring Circuit fed by an alternating voltage source of any frequency, via the resistor (30), the transmitter of an optocoupler (31) and the normally closed contact (32) of the relay (33) leads to the GIeJaabschnitt (34). If there is a current-drawing object between the Conductors of the track section, a small current flows, which is primarily due to the size of the resistor (30) or with Conductive lacquer bridged wheel sets between the conductors of the rails is determined by their resistance value. The size of the resistance. (30) is z. B. chosen so that an AC locomotive can not start under any circumstances. With direct current locomotives the resistance can (30) can be bridged, lighting current can then flow. To protect the optocoupler (31) is parallel to its transmitter a series connection of two diodes and possibly a © with opposite polarity another diode arranged. The series resistor (35) is used to set the minimum current from which an occupancy message is issued target.

As long as no current flows in the track circuit described, the Output Q of the optocoupler (31) H · »signal and thus the input E ^ an L signal. If the H-signal reaches E ^ from the matrix, then so so the relay pulls, because the input 2 of the AND gate (36) leads constantly high signal. But if the Glei3 is occupied, the exit leads Q of the optocoupler (31) L signal and input E .ei η H signal, the prevents the setting of every connected flip-flop via the matrix connections. This means an occupied track section, e.g. as a star section for an exit road can be included in this, the relay is via the OR gate (37) and the start track «input E ^ can be controlled despite the busy message. For this starting track facility is another matrix required.

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Track occupancy reports and route reports are only available with one single light system, e.g. B, displayed in the track diagram, these lamps (38) are connected via the amplifier (39) from connection R, or directly from controlled by the corresponding matrix line. Should be differentiated in the track diagram between routes and occupied sections the amplifier (39) is connected to the feedback output R. In this case, the lamps (3S) report: "Busy", while the route display in this case by the lamp (41) which is connected to output R via the amplifier (40).

The invention is not limited to the examples described, so can e.g. B. the specified gate functions can be realized by other gates indicated al a. It is also possible to report the glass occupied status (42) not to be put in the closed circuit, but on the place of the bridge (43) between the relay switch tongue and the track section. This gives you an entry feedback that is sent to the feedback exit R is available. By connecting one of these Feedback line to the dynamic reset input (19) of the The flip-flop circuit (7) is automatically deleted when the train arrives the route and thus the de-energization of the locomotive.

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Claims (1)

Device for controlling model railroad layouts according to the Drive race principle Expectations (1J device for controlling model lanes after driving Road principle, characterized in that the track system in at least single-pole mutually insulated sections divided and that the switching devices provided for switching the switches and signals in accordance with the route are used for these routes belonging track sections via relay and / or electronic switches to the driving device (s) with adjustable driving voltage ..y switch. 2, device according to claim 1, characterized in that each electrical separate track sections (o) to (u) and / or any drive for turnouts / turnout combinations or mechanical ones Signaling devices and / or each incandescent lamp of the light-signaling devices for continuous or pulsed current switching Power elements (1) (2) (3) is connected and that the tax * inputs of these power elements freely programmable, e.g. via a plug-in or solderable diode matrix (14) to (20) or one Permanent memory according to the assignment to the routes at dl © outputs of flip-flop elements (7) anachaltbar ein, whereby for Each route has its own flip-flop element (7), 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power switching elements for track section © (1), for turnouts and signal drives (2) and for lamps of signal devices (3), and the flip-flop elements (7) - preferably several identical ones together - are arranged on different plug-in cards and on mainly connection and power supply lines load-bearing, lined-up base plates can be plugged in, whereby the necessary contact for the power supply is provided by dosing on and takes place independently to the matrix or to the permanent memory. COPV A. Flinnchtung according to claim 3, characterized in that a separate matrix is arranged for the assignment of the track sections to the routes, the programming of the switch drives and that of the signal lamps. "■ . Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a protective resistor (13) is connected to the output of each flip-flop (8) within the flip-flop circuit (7) and that via decoupling diodes (1Q) multiple output sockets or pins are connected for the matrix » 6. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each flip-flop ¹ element (7) and-linked set inputs has, at least one of these inputs, preferably a single, in the non-connected state and an L signal the other inputs, preferably η - 1 inputs, have an H signal, so that these inputs act as if they are not present when they are not connected and the flip-flop can only be set by actuating a single contact in automatic mode. 7. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to S, characterized characterized in that the set inputs of each flip-flop via a Plug-in or solderable matrix or via permanent memory according to the route assignment to the start, route and destination buttons in the The layout of the layout can be connected. B. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each flip-flop has a further AND-linked reset input in addition to OR-linked, ie independently effective reset inputs, possibly decoupled via R-C members, with one and - Input is connected internally to one of the set inputs, preferably with the set input assigned to the target button, and the other AND input da9 receives a reset signal from a reset button (QO) that is common to all flip-flops. EPO COPY ^c ). C. "t r> r ichturiq nor at least one of the claims) 1 bin ·", cje; identifies that to prevent routes not currently running at least © in part of the outputs (21) decoupled by diodes MB) via a special logic element, e . ü. öir ·. NOR gate (22) to a further set input of the flip-flop, z. B. a fourth input of the AND gate (23) are connected so that the flip-flop cannot be set as long as at least one of the matrix lines connected to these outputs carries an H signal emitted by another flip-flop. 10. Device still claim 9, characterized in that daf3 for operation of the system without automatic lock against double occupancy individual track sections a switch (24) is provided, which all lock ir, the flip-flops z. B. ineffective by an H signal sets, "with decoupling elements, 2nd B. diodes and resistors inserted to avoid repercussions on other flip-flops are. 11. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized Oekernreichnet that to recognize it with a> 3trom «? iGhenrier> Consumers, e.g. «a locomotive occupied track sections» «dun QItH * Relay (33) in the power module via the normally closed contact (32) for track sections (1) is connected to an alternating current source and that in this line the transmitter of an optocoupler (31) with series resistor (30) and a parallel connection of a special Diode combination (43) is so that via the tap of the series connection of the resistor (44) and the receiver of the optocoupler (45) and a downstream negation element f46) as well as a blocking diode (47) at the input of the circuit H signal liatjl, when current flows over the track, where means,?. B. the AND gate (36) are provided, which causes an H signal at the Einqanrj through the busy message, do not let the relay act. 1 ?. "Device according to claim 11, characterized in that a Or gate (37) in front of the actual power section dos Glciüobi3chnittgllede9 is inserted so that over this s-wide emynng > "lnn Lcintun ^ .slink for track sections (1) direct, 'l, h, ι ntor Un" - ■■' ehup-i dos signals of the overgrowth unit M?), /. IJ. for the Ι · 'Ί · σ ·) ΓΜ> -ηίΎ ·· ίβπιπ., Controlled by exit convoys BATH 13. Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a switch (48) in the monitoring circuit to enable maneuvering is used for the occupancy message, which is the common power supply for all occupancy monitoring devices (42) switches off, whereby this switch alone or in combination with the switch for switching off the automatic locking mechanism (24) can be operated. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that for the visual display of the einbozogsnen in routes or occupied track sections, e.g. B. by LEDs or lamps an intermediate amplifier (39) to the monitored one in the track diagram Input E.de9 power element for track sections (1), preferably via a special connection strip on the connecting lines between the matrix for track sections and the power elements for track sections. 15. Device according to at least one of claims 1 bia 13, characterized in that feedback outputs R and R are provided to which different colored lamps for busy (R) ~ and route message (R _f ) can be connected via power amplifiers (39) (40) . 16. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized characterized in that the occupancy signaling device (42) between the contact (32) of the relay (33) and the track section (34), preferably can be used in place of the bridge (49). «AD ORIGINAL