DE3021135A1 - Skid free motor vehicle - has independently height adjustable rear wheels and single steerable front wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The vehicle has a chassis (1) with a single steerable central front wheel (2) and two unsteerable rear wheels (3). Each wheel is mounted independently on a rocking lever (4). These rocking levers are fitted with hydraulic jacks (13) operated by foot pedals (16) so that when cornering the driver can adjust the height of one of the rear wheels to cause the vehicle to bank thus improving its stability despite its narrow track width. Rollers are fitted on each side so that the vehicle cannot roll over. The vehicle combines the characteristics of the motor car and the motor cycle to provide a vehicle for three people which can owing to its narrow body pass through gaps normal cars would have to avoid and is skid free.

Description

Trackless, motor-driven vehicle

The invention relates to a trackless, motor-driven vehicle, which has a steerable front wheel and two non-steerable rear wheels on its chassis having.

The object of the invention is to provide a vehicle for passenger transport to create which characteristic: properties of an open or closed Passenger car (sports car) and a motorcycle combined and with more compact, widthwise small construction in a simple way a safe road holding also with Has cornering.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of patent claim i solved, with the design features listed in the sub-responses represent technically advantageous developments of the task solution.

The subject matter of the invention does not only extend to the features of the individual claims, but also on their combination.

The vehicle according to the invention is advantageously compact and In particular, it is made small in terms of width and combines the characteristics an open or closed passenger car and a motorcycle, 80 that this new type of vehicle has a sporty exterior and is also in the Construction extremely safe, even when cornering, manoeuvrable and in the type of use is variable.

With this vehicle the advantages of the motorcycle are in a passenger car been included, namely a) small width, thereby easier overtaking and easier driving on different railings such as narrow paths and driving around of obstacles; b) through the open design there is an optimal bond with nature and a visually and acoustically better perception of the environment as well critical situations; c) through the possibility of easily attaching a hood this vehicle also guarantees reliable protection against the effects of the weather of the most varied kinds; d) the vehicle has an optimal center of gravity when cornering, since the rear wheels are each mounted on a vertically pivotable rocker that from the driver via a pressure medium system or a mechanical device at Cornering can be pushed out downward so that the vehicle is in a Inclined position is brought into the inside of the curve and thus towards the road, which results in an extremely optimal cornering position; e) the vehicle reduces the risk of accidents, because if the road surface is dirty, slippery or the like, slipping through the inclined position the wheels and the emergency castors are largely excluded and tipping over is avoided; f) the motorcycle-like vehicle allows the attachment seat belts and thus increased safety compared to conventional motorcycles.

Further advantages of the subject matter of the invention are: - Retention of the Dimensions of a motorcycle, - possibility of folding up the roof and lowering it the windshield, - by pressing one of two control pedals on the side Tilting of the vehicle while shifting the center of gravity by means of a hydraulic device in the direction of the lane and inside the curve, - as the vehicle is on two wheels at the rear not every slide is a fall - double grip on the other hand a motorcycle, - if the convertible top is arranged, there is the possibility of heating of the motorcycle-like vehicle - there is a change when both control pedals are pressed the ground clearance (change in altitude) possible, which helps when changing wheels while standing results, - when the vehicle is inclined in the curve, the Track of the rear wheels and thus greater road holding.

Based on the drawings, an embodiment of the Invention explained in more detail. They show: FIG. 1 a side view of a three-wheeled, motor-driven passenger vehicle with swiveling in height for cornering Rear wheels; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same vehicle; Fig. 3 is a rear view of the same vehicle in an inclined position when cornering; Fig. 4 is a rear view of the same vehicle driving straight ahead.

The trackless motorized vehicle for passenger transportation according to the invention has on its chassis 1 a steerable, arranged on the vehicle width bisector (centered) front wheel 2 and two non-steerable rear wheels 3, which are shown in a small, compared to the conventional wheel spacing in passenger cars smaller spacing are arranged parallel to each other.

The two rear wheels 3 are indirectly mounted on one vertically pivotable, when cornering, the vehicle leans into the inside of the bend and lays it at an angle Swing arm 4. Both rear wheels 3 are independent of one another due to their swing arm 4 mounted so that it can be pivoted in height and the pivotability of the rocker 4 is increased in height cornering - right or left bend - determined by the driver of the vehicle introduced via a mechanical and / or pneumatic and / or hydraulic pressure medium and supported.

The rocker 4 for each rear wheel 3 consists of a bearing and Swivel lever 6 and a fork-shaped, rigidly connected to the lever 6 support arm 7 together. The bearing and pivot lever 6 is with one length end in the The pivot axis 8 is mounted on the chassis 1 so that it can be pivoted in height and extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. At the other end of the length of the lever 6, the rigidly attached support arm rises 7 from, which runs obliquely upwards and in the vehicle longitudinal direction to the rear; this arm 7 forms an obtuse angle with the lever 6.

At the end of the length of the lever 6 carrying the support arm 7 is in a Pivot axis 9, a bearing lever 10 with a length end mounted höhenvers pivotable, which in its other length end the rear wheel 3 rotatable with its wheel axle 3a records. Between the wheel axle 3a and the free length end of the obliquely upwards and rear-facing support arm 7 is arranged a shock absorber il that the rear wheel 3 cushions against the swing arm 4 and the rear wheel 3 against the swing arm 4 also holds limited height pivoting. As a shock absorber 11 can be Use hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or compression springs.

For each rear wheel 3 there are two bearing levers 10 and two shock absorbers 11 is provided, the bearing lever 10 having a length end on the rocker arm 6 attack and in its other length end the wheel axle 3a and the two shock absorbers 11, which in turn are articulated on the fork-shaped support arm 7 at the top are mounted, namely in the pivot axis 12 at the top and at the bottom in the wheel axis 3a.

Each rocker 4 is a pressure medium cylinder in the area of the lever 6 13 assigned, which via a pressure medium line 14 with a second, in the front Vehicle area provided pressure medium cylinder 15 is connected. These two Cylinders 13, 15 for each rocker 4 form a closed one with the line 14 Pressure medium system and the piston of the front pressure medium cylinder 15 protrudes its piston rod is connected to a foot lever 16 pivoted on the chassis 1, so that by actuation of the foot lever 16 by the driver of the vehicle, a pressure medium shift takes place, which actuates the rear cylinder 13, which then more or less on the rocker 4 acts to pivot the height. In the starting position of the closed pressure medium system is located in both cylinders 13, 15 and in the line 14 pressure medium.

If the piston is now moved in cylinder 15 by actuating the foot lever, so this piston 15 pressure medium is out and via the line 14 in the cylinder 13 pressed so that the piston rod extends and onto the rocker 4 (lever 6) acts and this rocker 4 is pivoted downwards. This is done when cornering, so that the vehicle standing on the right enters the inside of the curve the curve to be driven is inclined - leans at an angle - causing a shift in the center of gravity in the direction of the lane and inside the curve, which significantly improves cornering.

Depending on which curve (right or left curve) you are driving 8011, the corresponding foot lever 16 is actuated, so that the responsible pressure cylinder 13 pushes the rocker 4 downwards and thus also the rear wheel 3 downwards, which an incline of the vehicle inevitably has the consequence.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the vehicle is making a left turn and the right rear wheel 3 has been pivoted downwards by the rocker arm 4, so that the vehicle is tilted to the left. The left rear wheel 3 has no influence obtained by the rocker 4 and has remained in its original position.

Both rear wheels 3 are inclined and this is due to the pivoting of the right rear wheel 3 downward an increase in the distance between the wheels 3 to one another takes place because of a rear wheel pivoting and cornering, caused by the radius to be traveled, the two rear wheels 3 inevitably and a certain amount Measure in the width direction away from each other, so that when cornering the Wheelbase increased in a favorable manner while stabilizing the position of the vehicle will.

After completing the cornering, the foot lever 16 is slowly in the Starting position moved back (pivoted) and the pressure medium flows out the previously effective pressure cylinder 13 back to the front Pressure cylinder 15 and the rocker 4 pivot while gradually straightening up of the vehicle also back up to the starting position, so that both Rear wheels 3 are again at the same height and the vehicle is upright hold to drive straight ahead. The pressure medium system is now back in its initial position. If the vehicle is to make a right turn, the other foot lever 16 is actuated and accordingly also the other rocker arm 4 with the rear wheel 3 is pivoted downwards.

To avoid tipping over when cornering awkwardly or too suddenly of the vehicle is to be excluded on the chassis 1 in each side area of the vehicle at least one, preferably two or more, spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle emergency running rollers 17 arranged one behind the other can be rotated about vertical or inclined axes stored, which is approximately at the level of the rear axles 3a from the structure of the vehicle protrude laterally with a partial area (see. Fig. 3), which is too strong Tilting of the vehicle would then roll on the roadway and tip over of the vehicle.

The vehicle is designed for three people, for example the seated driver and two people sitting behind it, so that on the chassis 1, a front seat and two rear seats or a bench are arranged.

A box-shaped structure is also provided on the chassis 1, which is made up of side walls 18 with or without a door, one of the side walls 18 upwards towards protruding rear wall 19 and a front hood 20 together. The side walls 18 have a height that leaves the upper body of the seated person free at the top. The side walls 18 taper towards the front and in the area of the vehicle driver run out in the streamlined, curved front hood 20.

On the front hood 20 is a retractable windshield 21 in Guides (not shown) held.

The vehicle width bisector runs in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle from the rear wall 19 to the windshield 21, a safety bar 22, which auf'der rear wall 19 is supported and in the side or front area of upright support rods 23, which are supported on the side walls 18 or the chassis 1, is carried. Furthermore, the safety bar 22 extends from the front to the rear in the height area lateral support rods 24 in connection with the bracket 22 and the support rods 23 a detachable attachment for a convertible top (not shown) made of textile plastic, Leather or another flexible and / or elastic material allow.

The front wheel 2 is rotatably mounted in a spring-loaded shock absorber fork and rotatably held with this fork 25 in the front hood area and with the steering 26 connected.

The drive motor is located below the front hood 20 or below the Sit.

On the support arms 7 is a cover and dirt repellent part for each rear wheel 3 27 attached, which covers the upper wheel area.

The structure 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27 can be made of metal and / or Manufacture plastic.

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Claims (16)

Patent claims t trackless, motor-driven vehicle, which on its chassis a steerable front wheel and two rear wheels which have, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n z e i c h -n e t that the same as a combination between passenger cars and Notorrad is formed and the two compared to the conventional car rear wheel spacing arranged in the smaller, extending in the vehicle width direction spacing from one another Rear wheels (3) each on a height-pivotable vehicle when cornering sloping into the inside of the curve (sloping with a shift in the center of gravity) Rocker (4) are rotatable and spring-mounted. 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z ei c h ne t that the rocker (4) for each rear wheel (3) has a self-contained Pressure medium system and / or via mechanical transmission elements with a foot actuation lever (16) is connected to the swing arm and rear wheel vertical pivoting. 3. Vehicle according to claims 1 and 2, d a d u r c h gek e n n z ei c h ne t that each rocker (4) from one with a length end on the chassis (1) Bearing and pivoting levers that can be pivoted up and down in a horizontal pivot axis (8) (6) and one rigidly attached to it at the other end of the length, obliquely upwards and Formed against the direction of travel of the vehicle, fork-shaped support arm (7) is. 4. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n notices that at the end of the length of the rocker arm (6) on the support arm side in a horizontal pivot axis (9) a bearing lever (10) with a length end is held, which in its other length end the wheel axle (3a) of the rear wheel (3) rotatably accommodates and wherein between the wheel axle (3a) and the free end of the Support arms (7) a shock absorber (11) in the form of a pressure cylinder, a gas spring, a compression spring or the like. is articulated, which is the rear wheel (3) opposite the swing arm (4) Can be swiveled in height in a limited area and is cushioned. 5. The vehicle according to the responses 1 to 4, that is not possible z e i c h n e t that the support arm (7) with the rocker arm (6) and the extension to the rearward running bearing lever (10) and the shock absorber (11) a push button forms and the support arm (7) is butt-angled to the rocker arm (6). 6. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that on both sides of each rear wheel (3) a bearing lever (10) and a shock absorber (11) are arranged. 7. Vehicle according to responses i to 6, d u r c h e k e n n n z e i Q h n e t that above the rocker arm (6) a pressure cylinder (13) is arranged, which acts with its piston rod on the lever (6) and via a pressure center line (14) with one provided in the front of the vehicle second pressure cylinder (15) is connected, which with the foot lever (16) for Actuation of the cylinder piston is in communication. 8. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the two rockers (4) with the associated rear wheel (3) each independently of one another by its own foot lever (16) under pressure column verse Shift of the pressure medium system are provided so that they can be pivoted in height. 9. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n N e i e t that the same thing for the carriage of three people, namely trained the driver in the front area and two passengers in the rear area is and thereby on the chassis (1) one of a rear wall (19) and two side walls (18) with or without a door and a front hood (20) formed, the vehicle a convertible shape giving structure is arranged. 10. Fahrueug according to claims 1 hE 9, d a d u r c h g e k 0 n n z r i C h n e t t, daX in vehicle length on the vehicle width bisector a safety bar extending from the rear wall (19) to the windshield (21) (22) is arranged, which is carried by the rear wall (19) and by support rods (23) is. 11. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n It should be noted that additional upright and lengthways in the upper side area extending support rod (23, 24) provided for the detachable attachment of a convertible top are. 12. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 11, d a d u r c h g e k e n it is indicated that the windshield (21) in guides of the front hood (20) is provided retractable. 13. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 12, d a d u r c h g e k e n It should be noted that the side walls (18) are spaced apart in the vehicle driver's area are arranged decreasing to each other and in the streamlined arched Leak out front cover (20). 14. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 13, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the centrally arranged front wheel (2) in a shock absorber fork (25) is rotatably and steerable. 15. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 14, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that at the free ends of the support arms (7) each one the upper Partial area of the rear wheels (3) covering dirt repellent and cover part (27) is arranged. 16. Vehicle according to claims 1 to 15, d a -d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the same thing in the two lower side areas with a or more, partially protruding from the side walls (18) and tipping over is equipped with emergency rollers (17) to avoid in the event of a steep incline.