DE2945279A1 - Transportable polygonal holiday house frame - has end linked continuous triple shanked trusses forming self supporting cage - Google Patents

Abstract

A series of roughly C-shaped frame trusses, in conjunction with load bearing support columns, divide a building, made from prefabricated components, into sections. Their top and bottom ends are centrally fixed. Each truss is a continuous, pref. monolithic, three-shanked component. With their ends connected, trusses combine to form a self-supporting transportable cage. The ends are pref. fastened to top or bottom tubes and bottom ends may be supported on a central column. The trusses may be made of pieces of wood glued together. Construction is simple, providing a transportable unit suitable as a polygonal holiday home, or similar.

Description

building

Description The invention relates to a building according to the preamble of claim 1.

There have long been houses that are assembled from prefabricated parts usually at the 3austelle.

An example of a section construction from units, their floor plan is an equilateral triangle is found in U.S. Patent 3,152,366. It describes a pavilion-like building on a number of relatively thin supports rests, one of which is centrally located and the rest over the circumference of the hexagonal house. Each unit consists of a large number of components; the building is given a certain minimum strength only through the mutual support of the units given to each other and through their connection with a gable roof, which is also composed of triangular plates. This rather complex lightweight construction therefore does not withstand greater stresses. Even surrender great difficulties in sealing and insulation.

In DE-OS 27 10 078 a building has been proposed that - Not unlike a tower restaurant - a polygonal block around a staircase column carries, which is hexagonal in plan and octagonal in vertical section is.

The vertical longitudinal members are designed as articulated polygonal lines, the joints of which are screwed to one another after the horizontal shelf supports have been attached or be spot welded; on the outside, cladding, covers, panels, etc. attached. Another design, however, provides two concrete half-shells, which are in the horizontal center are connected to each other. In any case, this building will much of the interior was taken up by the stairwell.

As far as stiffened joints are present, there are considerable strength problems; But even with the rather heavy concrete half-shell design, the support is difficult and time-consuming. After all, this can greatly enhance the sense of space for the user are greatly disturbed that there are only sloping, trapezoidal outer walls. Similar Incidentally, buildings according to DE-PS 14 59 912 have disadvantages.

A holiday home according to DE-GM 69 46 679 has as shaping supports Pentagonal frame truss with a bottom part, two low slanting inwards Side parts and two high gable legs. At least four such frame trusses support the floor, the side walls, if necessary an intermediate floor and that Gable roof off. Here, too, the corner connection of the frame truss parts is critical. It In addition, the building is not particularly stable and because of the sloping Exterior walls are unsuitable for general residential use; Door (s) and window are only provided on the front.

It is an important object of the invention to overcome this and further disadvantages of the prior art, an improved building of the initially mentioned to create the type mentioned, which has a simple, clear construction, can be erected quickly and stably from relatively few components But above all, it is also transportable as a whole and ready on a prepared foundation can be set.

In claim 1 characterizing features of the invention are given. It has the great advantage that the frame truss structure as a skeleton or together with other components, e.g. ring bars, or completely with all others Components can be assembled and transported together at the factory. Because the individual Frame trusses are hinge-free brackets, eliminating all the difficulties that the conventional ones Adhere corner connections of frame truss parts. At the same time, weight is saved, without the construction losing strength.

Refinements of the invention are characterized in the subclaims. The important features of claim 2 help to transport the building make it much easier.

The pipes provided also support the construction, especially through it is a central load interception according to claim 3 is possible. A loud claim 4 provided central tube can serve as a transport carrier, but also as a central one Support of the anchored building. In this case it is too possible and provided according to the invention, a single, continuous tube between arrange the top and bottom ends of the frame trusses.

The measure of claim 5 has proven to be particularly economical proven; in general, metal profiles are too heavy and / or too expensive. Let pre-made wood ties on the other hand as a lightweight carrier produce high strength extremely efficiently. If necessary, it is possible and provided according to the invention, frame trusses constructed from composite materials to use.

To stiffen the building, especially in the horizontal direction serve the features of claims 6 to 9. But also in the vertical direction the strength is increased, because a springing apart of the connected frame truss ends is thereby largely prevented. On the other hand, a certain elasticity remains obtained in particular thanks to the measures of claim 8, so that e.g. thermally conditional tensions can be absorbed effortlessly. The characteristics of the Claims 10 and 11 at.

The embodiments according to claim 12 are particularly favorable for the Transport and according to claim 13 for the building climate.

Different designs result from claims 14 and 15th

The anchoring according to claim 16 is very advantageous, whereby and disposal lines according to claim 17 laterally in or. can be executed.

Still other further developments of the invention according to claims 18 up to 20 enable the structurally particularly simple connection of partial buildings known assemblies with a number of rooms, the support columns through Cross connections not only result in a highly stable overall arrangement, but also Can significantly improve supply and disposal.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. 1 shows a vertical sectional view of a building according to the invention Section plane, Fig. 2 is a sectional view along the line II-II in Fig. 1, 3 shows a ridge sectional view corresponding to circle III in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 a Underneath view of an upper tube with glue binder connections according to FIGS. 3, 5 a sectional view of a foot corresponding to the oval V in Fig. 1, Fig. 6 is a side view a gable arrangement, Fig. 7a a side or sectional view of a joint and corresponding to circle VII in FIG. 6, FIG. 7b, FIG. 8, a schematic side view a building group according to the invention and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the arrangement of Fig. 8.

That illustrated in simplified form in the sectional view of FIG. 1 Building is denoted by 10 in its entirety. It rests on a support column 12, which can consist of a base 52 with an anchor cage 54 in a foundation 50. Glued binders 14 are fastened with their lower and upper ends 15 is connected to a lower tube 16 and an upper tube 18, respectively. A central tube 20 can connect the tubes 16, 18 to one another, at least during transport.

Each glue binder 14 consists of a lower leg 22, a lateral one - Especially vertical - wall leg and an upper leg 26. To the Outside corners 36, 38, i.

at the lower and upper ends of the wall legs 24, latches can or ring bars 28 may be provided (cf. FIG. 2), which correspond to that of the glue binders 14 give high strength especially in the circumferential direction formed basket. aside from that are drawbars 30 are present, which at least from the lower tube 16 are connected horizontally to the lower outer corners 36 by means of screw 34. Floor beams 29 are attached to the tension beams 30 parallel to the respective transoms or Ring beam 28 attached, which in Fig. 2 for the sake of clarity, however, only in one is represented by six fields.

Details of the connections and connections go out in particular FIGS. 3 to 7 emerge. It can be seen in particular with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5 that the Connection of the glue binders 14 to the lower tube 16 on the one hand and to the upper tube 18 on the other hand, through the screw connection 15 on gusset plates 32, which with the Pipes 16, 18 are integral or welded. The gusset plates 32 form shoes 35, which the ends of the glue binders 14 partly with, partly without the ends of the tie bars 30 hold. At least at the foot (Fig. 5) the ends of each or every second glue binder 14 or 14 'attached to the gusset plates 32 by means of an articulated connection 33 be. Preferably, the arrangement is such (see Figs. 2 and 4) that, for example, a Star made of three glue binders 14 with rigid fastening 15 on the lower tube 16 or upper tube 18 is attached, while intermediate glue binders 14 'to the joints 33 are supported.

The lower level (Fig. 2) can carry a stiffening disc or form. The floor carried by the beams 29 can be multilayered in the usual way be constructed and insulated and, for example, underfloor heating under the floor covering take up.

As is particularly evident from FIG. 5, the lower tube 16 can over a flange connection 86 can be connected to the intermediate pipe 52, through which and disposal lines 64 in the form of a cable or pipe run laterally and run.

The upper flange 86 of the intermediate tube 52 is provided with gusset plates 90 supported on it. Corresponding gusset plates 88 support the lower flange 84, for attachment to a Anchor plate 92 through the anchor cage 54 is used, which is held in the foundation 50 by reinforcement bars 94.

For cross-connection with another (not shown in Fig. 5, However, in Fig. 8 indicated) support column 12 can be a cross member or a cross tube 98 attached to the intermediate pipe 52 and optionally provided with insulated passages be.

The wall legs 24 of the glued beams 14 and / or the glued beams 14, 14 'can carry wall elements 46 with windows and doors, as shown schematically in FIG. 1 indicated. The upper legs 26 carry a gable roof 48, which is preferably with a Light roofing or roof skin 78 is provided, as can best be seen from FIG. 3. Roof panels 72 are seated on rafters 70, with wooden cladding 74 and tar sheets 76 are covered. Under the roof panels 72 there is a ventilation gap 79 above an insulation layer 80. The ceiling of the covered space can be made of plasterboard or a wooden profile 82 be formed.

The upper tube 18 can be a flange support on the room side or below 40, which is indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 3. Are outwards or upwards on the tube 18 receptacles or eyelets 42 are provided, which are used to attack a hoist, for example the hook of a crane or helicopter. A cover 44 in the form a hood (Fig. 1 and 3) or a plate (Fig. 6) prevents penetration from moisture, dust or the like. Without hindering the extraction from the interior of the room.

The formation of the gable is indicated schematically in FIG.

The glue binders 14 with tie bars 30 are on the one hand on the upper tube 18, on the other hand on the joints (VII) with the bolts or

Ring beam 28 connected. Details of the corner joint 66 illustrate Figures 7a and 7b. It has inner and outer angle plates 67, which are held by retaining bolts 68 are posted on the bolts 28. Long holes 96 take on a certain amount Linkage, i.e. a movement compensation. To the Connection of the two Angle plates 67 of each corner connector 66 are used for a clamping screw 69. Such (Articulated) connections can accordingly also be used for the elements 15, 33, 34 Find.

The structure of building groups also falls within the scope of the invention 8 and 9. It can be seen that a number of sub-buildings 10 form an assembly 100 can be combined, preferably by direct connection to polygon side planes 102 (Figure 9). In addition to the solidification of the entire structure that this brings about the individual support pillars 12 resp.

Intermediate tubes 52 through the crossbars or cross tubes described 98 (Fig. 5) be connected to one another. So much for a part of the building 10 between neighboring buildings Buildings jumps back, filling inserts or stems 104 (FIG. 9) can be provided are, for example, as a veranda, hall or the like. can be executed.

The illustrated embodiments are buildings 10 of hexagonal Layout. However, the invention is by no means restricted to this; although are suitable regular polygon floor plans especially, especially octagons, but is a building according to the invention in principle, e.g. also with a square or pentagonal ground plan realizable. It should also be noted that, if necessary, asymmetrical structures can also be used are possible, for example with an eccentric arrangement of the tubes 16, 18 and of the support column 12 when using unequal glue binders 14.

All from the claims, the description and the drawing Features and advantages of the invention, including construction details, spatial arrangements and procedural steps, can both for themselves and be essential to the invention in a wide variety of combinations.

Claims (20)

Building claims 5 Buildings made of prefabricated components with support column support and a number of generally C-shaped trusses vertically fitting the building into Subdivide sections and fasten them centrally with their upper and lower ends, in that each frame truss (14) has a continuous, is preferably one-legged, three-legged component and that at their ends connected frame trusses (14) form a self-supporting, transportable basket. 2. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c hn e t each frame truss (14) with its upper and lower ends each at an upper one or lower tube (18, 16) is attached. 3. Building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that g e k e n nz e i c h n e t that at least the lower ends of the frame trusses (14) on a central support column (12) are supported. 4. Building according to one of claims 1 to 3, thereby g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that the upper and lower ends of the frame truss (14) on a continuous Central tube (20) are guided and / or supported. 5. Building according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized thereby It is noted that the frame binders (14) are wood-glued binders. 6. Building according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized thereby E n n z e i c h ne t that the frame trusses (14) at least at their lower and / or upper legs (22, 26) are gripped between tie bars (30). 7. Building according to claim 6, characterized in that g e k e n n z e i c hn e t Drawbars (30) and lower legs (22) of frame trusses (14) form a disc or wear. 8. Building at least according to claim 2 and 6, characterized g ek e n n z e i c h ne t that the lower legs (22) of each or every second frame truss (14) an obtuse angle to the - preferably vertical - wall legs (24) include and that at right angles to the latter, the tie bars (30) horizontal to the guide the lower tube (16). 9. Building according to one of claims 6 to 8, thereby g ek e n n z e i c h n e t that the tension bars (30) on the one hand at the outer corners (36, 38) of the Frame ties (14) and on the other hand to the tubes (16, 18) are attached (Fig. 1, 2; 6 to 8). 10. Building according to at least one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that g e k e n n n n e i c h n e t that at least the ends of the frame ties (14) to with the tubes (16, 18) attached to one-piece or rigidly connected gusset plates (32) or hinged. 11. Building according to at least one of claims 2 to 10, characterized It is noted that at least on the upper tube (18) every second frame truss (14'j rigidly attached and each intermediate frame truss (14) attached in an articulated manner is (Figs. 2 and 4j. 12. Building according to at least one of claims 2 to 11, characterized G e k e k e n n n n e i c b n e t that this, if necessary, with a flange support (40) provided upper tube (18) at the same time 1 transport carrier for the whole building (10) is formed, in particular with receptacles (42), brackets or the like. to attack from the hook of a hoist. 13. Building according to at least one of claims 2 to 12, characterized it is not noted that the upper tube (18) has a vent cover (44) carries (Fig. 1, 3; 6). 14. Building according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized G e k e n n n z e i c F n e t that the upper legs (26) of the frame trusses (14) and the upper tube (18), optionally including flange support (40), a gable roof (48) (Fig. 1 and 3). 15. Building according to at least one of claims 4 to 14. as a result, that on the upper thighs (26) the frame truss (14) is attached to a gallery (56), optionally under Support on the central tube (20, Fig. 1). 16. Building according to at least one of claims 2 to 15, characterized G e k e ri n e i ^ h n e t that our pipe (16) on or in a support column (12), a base (52) or the like. which can be anchored or anchored and that the latter (r) - e.g. by means of an anchor basket (57) - firmly connected to a foundation (50) or is in one piece. 17. Building according to claim 1 @, characterized by g e k e n n n z e i c hn e t, that the base (52) is designed as an intermediate tube into the supply lines (64) are inserted laterally. 18. Building according to \ Tenigr: at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized it is not indicated that it is polygonal in plan, preferably hexagonal or octagonal. 19. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two sub-buildings (10) directly on a polygon side plane (102) like a honeycomb are connected to one another to form a unit (100) (Fig. 9 and 10). 20. Building according to claim 19, characterized by g e k e n n n z e i c hn e t, that the support columns (12), base (52) or the like. the part-building (10) by traverses (98), cross tubes or the like. are connected to each other.