DE2923708A1 - Underground reinforced concrete air-raid shelter - is removed for walls to be sunk from ground level, without excavation - Google Patents

Abstract

Upright walls forming a box open at top and bottom, are erected directly above the subsequent installation position, on the ground, using formwork, in construction of reinforced-concrete structures underground, esp. air-raid shelters for householders. When the side formwork is removed, the released concrete walls press the earth inwards from underneath them, as earth is removed. The walls are sunk to the required depth by digging out the earth from underneath and the structure is completed. This pref. involves a flat bottom form plate (3) with lateral edges (4) bent outwards and upwards to limit the max. space at the bottom of the inner and outer form plates (5,5a) which are held apart by spacer cross arms on the bottom plate.

Description

Method and formwork for the production of

underground structures The riraung refers to a procedure for the first of underground structures made of reinforced concrete, e.g. air raid shelters, and a formwork for carrying out the method.

Underground structures, especially air raid shelters, especially for House communities or the like are so far produced that at the installation point the ground is excavated with an area going beyond the ground plan of the building and then the walls of the construction pit are braced, especially if the deep Installation space is directly adjacent to buildings or the like. Then the Poured concrete floor and on top of it a formwork for the outer and partition walls Reinforced concrete is produced, which is generally lost. Finally, the concrete ceiling is made poured and then the space around the building backfilled with soil.

The task of the invention is for underground structures a structure in the simplest and most convenient way, avoiding the need to excavate beforehand To achieve excavation pits with reusable formwork.

The method according to the invention is used to achieve this object from the procedural steps according to the code of the srch 1.

This makes it possible to create an open top and bottom, from the outside and any interior walls existing building structure easily and comfortably on the ground Establish the side formwork above the installation site after the reinforced concrete has set to remove the vertical walls and then through the box-shaped structure Excavation of the earth in the soil area surrounded by the box to the required level Lowering depth, leaving the underside of the walls with their remaining, lost Floor formwork the floor below them into the excavated floor area presses.

This type of production eliminates the need for sheet pile walls and supports for an excavation to be made beforehand and it is now possible to build the structure also to be produced and lowered in the immediate vicinity of high-rise buildings, as only the Area is required taken up by the plan of the building The reinforced concrete walls and the box-shaped structure are practical also take on the task of previous sheet pile walls and ground support.

According to the invention, one comes for the implementation of the method Formwork for use in which the floor formwork of the upright walls is a lost one Formwork is, but the side formwork is detachable and can be used again and again.

This side form is designed so that it loosely on the Floor formwork supports while their individual Bec and spacers for the The outer and inner sheets of the formwork are mounted using simple plug-in connections and can be dismantled.

The formwork for carrying out the process is either designed in such a way that As can be seen from the characterizing features of claim 2 or claim 3 results.

By designing the floor formwork with a V-shaped cross-section the floor beneath the reinforced concrete walls is particularly light and beneficial into the excavated area within the box-shaped structure pressed in.

After lowering the structure, which is open at the bottom and top, made up of outer and Any intermediate walls made of reinforced concrete are poured the concrete floor and finally pouring the concrete ceiling.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing: schematic embodiments for formwork of a building are shown. In detail: FIG. 1 shows a vertical interrupted cross section through a formwork for vertical reinforced concrete walls, Fiour 2 a partial cross-section through the formwork according to line II-II of Figure 1, Figure 3, 4 and 5, three cross-sections different floor formwork for the vertical reinforced concrete walls, Figure 6 a Floor plan of the structure, open at the top and bottom, made of vertical reinforced concrete walls.

The invention is concerned. especially with the production w of underground structures or air raid shelters for families or house communities. For the production of such protective bunkers is according to the invention a Formwork for the entire vertical outer walls 1 and any intermediate walls 2 used in accordance with FIG. 6, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 5.

The formwork consists of a permanent floor formwork different profile. According to FIG. 3, the floor formwork is made up of planar lines that are to be lined up next to one another Formwork sheets 3 produced, the side edges 4 angled upwards and outwards are. Instead of the bend, an upward bend is also possible.

The vertical formwork panels 5 and are supported in the bend 5a of the outer and inner walls 1.2, with the bend 4 being the maximum distance of the lateral shuttering sheets. Inner, not shown in Figure 3 Stops fix the position of the lower edges of the lateral formwork sheets 5, 5a.

According to Figure 4, the floor formwork 3 has a V-profile, the outer one Leg 3a with the outer lateral shuttering panels 5 is in alignment or approximately in alignment and whose other leg 3b runs at an angle upward into a longitudinal edge which lies in the plane of the inner side formwork 5a. The legs 3a, 3b are in the longitudinal direction Distance bridged by narrow, welded webs 6, the free ends 6a uno aD are angled towards the eyes and upwards, and so is the angling 4 according to FIG. 3 stops for the lateral ones that are supported on the webs 6 Form shuttering sheets 5.5a. Against displacement of the sheets 5, 5a are inward inner stops 7a, 7b are provided, which are formed by angled ends of webs 7 are. The snap-in flaps 8 enable the quick and precise installation of the Steel mesh and reinforcement. The otherwise usual time-consuming inaccurate EirEau of the concrete blocks not applicable. The original U-shaped profile of the brackets is made by pressing them together the leg changed to hold the clamps in place.

The Be scealung 3 is formed according to Figure 5 similar to that of Figure. 4, but here the leg 3 is cranked in its rising course and the longitudinal edges 3c are angled upwards and outwards and correspondingly FIG. 4 welded to webs 6 as spacer elements.

The plumb-most lateral shuttering panels 5, 5a are at the lower edge outside and inside by the bends 6a, 7a and 6b, 7h forming the stops set. Appropriately trained, however. mirror image webs 9th and 10th fix the distance between the formwork sheet 5, 5a in the upper area, as in FIG. 1 is shown.

The lateral vertical shuttering sheets 5, 5a are at their vertical Edges angled outwards, and a U-profile engages over these angles 11. The legs of this U-profile 11 and the bends of the vertical edges the metal sheets 5 and 5a are provided with through-holes for holding bolts 12 to pass through Mistake. From this and the loose support of the lower edges of the shuttering panels 5, 5a Simple assembly results on the sheets 3 or webs 6 of the floor formwork the side formwork 5, 5a and its dismantling after the setting in the formwork manufactured reinforced concrete walls 1,2, which are provided with appropriate reinforcements, with other pipes, fittings or the like housed in the concrete walls could be. Iron or steel reinforcement of the concrete walls can be done with the clip-on clips 8 are connected, as indicated by dashed lines in FIG.

It is proceeded according to the invention that the above-described Formwork for the vertical walls of an underground structure on top of the Ground is mounted, with the bottom formwork 3 either with a V-shaped profile is buried or evenly supported by stones or the like.

The concrete is then poured. After the> reinforced concrete has set the side shuttering panels 5, 5a are dismantled, so that now a bottom and building structure open at the top according to t Figure 6 is present. Within In this area of the structure, the ground is then excavated, with the structure gradually sinks to the required depth. Thereby the one under the lost Floor formwork 3 located floor pressed into the excavated inner floor area and this is due to the V-shaped profile of the floor formwork according to Figure 4 and 5 supported.

Blank page

Claims (4)

Claims 9 method for the creation of underground structures made of reinforced concrete, e.g. air raid shelters, characterized in that the, one below and c% right walls (1, 2) on the ground that form open boxes at the top above the later underground installation position using formwork are produced and that after removing the side formwork, the hardened reinforced concrete walls by excavating the ground within the ground area surrounded by the walls Push the ground beneath you inwards and until you reach it the required depth are lowered, whereupon the completion of the structure he follows. 2. Formwork for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that it consists of a lower, flat shuttering sheet (3) whose Side edges (4) by bending outwards and upwards or bending the largest Limit the distance at the lower end of the inner and outer side-form sheets (5, 5a), through the intermediate webs (6, 7) apart on the lower shuttering sheet are held. 3. Formwork for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that it consists of a lower, in cross-section V-shaped shuttering sheet (3a, 3b) consists, the outer leg (3a) substantially with the outer Formwork sheets (5) is aligned and its other legs (3b) directly or below Angled bend in one in the plane of the inner side shuttering sheet (5), rising runs out and that the open top of the lower shuttering sheet (3a, 3b) at longitudinal intervals before eight welded webs (6) is bridged, the ends (6a, 6b) with each a stop (7a, 7b) determine the position of the lower edges of the side shuttering sheets. 4. Formwork according to claim 1 and claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that that the inner and outer shuttering sheets (5; 5a) at the top by flat webs (9, 10) are bridged, the ends of which have stops that the upper edge of the shuttering sheets mounting.