DE1459917A1 - Method and device for the creation of structures using formwork concrete - Google Patents

Description

PATENTAN WALT

51 AACHEN

Monheimsallee 73 - Tel. 36452.
Postal checking account Cologne 1637 87.
Dresdner Bank Aachen 93 128 -

Attorney's file: 1 - B - 63 Patent application

Applicantί Dipl. Ing ™ Peter iterichs 51 Aachen 1. Rote-Haag-Weg 66

Method and device for the creation of structures in Formwork concrete construction,

The increasing M _a ngel of trained skilled construction workers led to the development cost and labor-saving construction methods for the creation of all types of buildings *

A first step in this direction was the reinforced concrete construction »whereby instead of stacked bricks, walls made of concrete with steel inserts were created. For this purpose it was and is necessary »to delimit the walls to be erected on their side surfaces by means of formwork, mainly made of wood, before concreting. If such formwork can only be used several times to a limited extent, it is expensive because of its material costs and the amount of work required to erect it, in order to represent serious competition to conventional walls.

Another step in the rationalization of the building industry represents the building with prefabricated building unitsBeer understands on the one hand the so-called prefabricated building method, in which factory-made ganae house walls,

BATH ORIGINAL

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^ e ^- Ur U '& napoi Uert υηά do: τ /, ionfu': wprd * m and «ndfti ?, dt * tn *» bcujOud «rH Vv irvoünaut-it * enr _T ev. '> udi * te I ¹ Sf ^ i construction, wob ^c i. also fabx-iknäßig ß "fort igt * i Großfors" - ortije; ": flatten eur Baucus" brought and included in entaprechc-nd * steel o <ltif ötahlbötonkoTietryktionen ^f . will.

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Dia yertigbauWÄtae beail-? T ä-xi ^ aebtei I daö / örbebliche Au? Twists for the uranium spox-t of the prefabricated parts are required. This means that a large amount of the calculable profit is consumed, so that there is no advantage of koatan compared to the other construction methods

The © Tafeltsauwaiae, on the other hand, put the »architects considerable Ties with regard to the economic building required Standardization of the individual parts to «Here are only big * Building projects reasonably economical on the whole but also not cheaper than with previous construction methods. The o is based in particular on the very extensive Inteetition expenditure for the manufacturing facilities. Even here and the transport costs are quite considerable.

BATH ORIGINAL

The invention leaves the clear recognition of this mistake and the underlying task of a method for roasting Developing buildings in Gchalbetonbauweiee eu, you «was the one Has advantages of the known processes, but avoids their disadvantages «

The invention is based on a method for creating τοη structures in Scheibetonbauwelae and let characterized in that <3 of parallel rows of vertical rods and these in the longitudinal direction of the eu creating wall connecting, held by the rods "double row arranged formwork elements, Bowie from transversely to Wall, above and below pmarweiee juxtaposed Sohalungeelenente, Abetandal tabs attached to the poles to form a bed-bearing formwork? that in the elements limited by the formwork Hohlrauii concrete poured and at bar. after binding, remove the rods and AbatandelaBe from the masonry «ground«

This method is suitable for both bagging concrete and for pre-forming. Oils saddle pulmonary elements tti $ a ~ nen aue pumice or concrete slabs, artificial stone or other sheet materials odor from Hois made, with the first "ge" gebenenfallB ale lost casings can be verwerdet.

The new process allows the construction of buildings within the period of extremely low material and artefacts. _v

ßAD

80 98 1 1/0561

3> 2ß method did. For all common bar-ten usable, e.U.tüi Hochhiäns. · - <·, authorities- odor Vorwalturi & tigiibaude. V / ohnbloclco .. Siedlungohüuaevf allex * Type of "garages" ttellenbauer, concrete walls, etc. and lot intsbeeondere with attention to the erfox loan costs and the achievable gain in space economy "- ligher ale the known construction methods

A clerk or foreman and a few suffice for a hontagel column. s. '«B. 'two bio four unskilled' helpers. Skilled workers, such as Uinshalfir or Matirosr, were not needed. This results in oioh compared to the known building ancestors Blown in limestones, bricks or the like. A wage saving up to about 50? $,

Commercially available building materials and components are used. Ea practically only three building materials, namely concrete _: structural steel and formwork panels are required, whereby four building material components are required? Cement, structural steel _t Heβ and plates. A shell can be built ecmit without the use of bricks »

There is a further development of the method according to the invention in this? that the yaw part of the poured Sohalungekör personally located A ^ stand tabs initially as spacers? and basis for the next formwork body to be rebuilt on top of this and only after this has been completed Masonry section to be removed "

With the help of this measure, a multi-storey building can be built Perform quickly and without time-consuming set-up work

ORIGINAL BATHROOM 809811/0551

A further embodiment of the invention is that as formwork elements, highly porous components, preferably Pumice panels are used and that the formwork body formed with these formwork elements is poured with cast concrete will.

This results in a particular suitability of the method according to the invention. Concreting can also be carried out using on-site or precast concrete with the aid of added ßrcatsohutKinittelia without any problems. The formwork made of pumice ...- W. Panels prevents the concrete core from shivering practically no additional costs with the new process> Just as against frost, a building made with the pre-punched process is also insensitive to rain. ,

Din gsmeinsame using Bimsplatten and concrete becomes particularly advantageous as _$ heavy concrete core of the wall created is particularly strong and contract soundproofing and Blmsplatten offer s "hr good protection against the wall Költ" Varna, Pouohtigkeit and condensation. Furthermore, are bimean panels easy to edit? ö »h. they can be cut to given dimensions by simple means and fitted with slots and Au33i? * rua & cr. be provided; they are also nailable.

For the equipment of the construction site, in addition to the construction materials ^x, a construction crane and a saw to cut the formwork elements ”are sufficient.

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; hrena i, ^r ; t uio Aucbililun. ;; aiu; ÖciicUL'n ^ i-jlcörparo. ίνχ · ί: ίΓ.α «ϊ« _; .; Ιοί clio ki.u · Au3i'üui-un ^ ö.-yy- o ": - J ..:; ou Vorfahrosirj vüjcwiüidet ^ νόίν · ΐί · αΙ; ιιη ^ ; jol'j> r. '; \ ZeJL' ..: m2-i 'lux · · · :: .. ^w:, iiQn Saddle iMIP ^ iko.rj-tii · · ;. clo ... uc ranclsatuYirj ^ v "- i") / -? i-aJ Tel .'- n l.; ihon nli ¹ : Abotond voiTifiii-.t: d «, · αΓ) -. οοί ·· 1ί ', & tsv im <1 ^ .x · i :? ^: .v : ^ r; - ir.v tuiiß d «L ^v fio: lben initüiiio.ndtsv llnchtendcf.:· io i / rech π: n · astonishment at least.'tfu? zviai Schulun / jseleEiante held by the uprights, and above and below the 'formwork element ^ abutand oil tabs slid onto the rods, which bind the transversely aligned rods to one another <>

A shell body set up on the Weiao is in itself, eelbot are rigid and self-supporting »Pia Schalung3e1« elements just loosely set in and duvch the poles and abotandslaachen held in place.

BATH ORIGINAL

Hech completion of the respective ßauabeehnitteo can the Bars and Abaii / ndslasohttr. on simple white out of the wall pulled out or beaten * so that organic as often as you like can be used again.

One embodiment of this device is that the formwork element «in their plate plane transversely to their Longitudinal extension through bores or Aueeparungen for Put the formwork elements on the vertical rods'. .

Although hierfiir also require special formed or prepared Sehalungselemente Qh are, but the advantage 1st given that consists of rods and Abstandalaeohen support structure iet invisible disposed in the masonry "They may optionally remain even in this case there and contribute in an advantageous manner, a decrease in the Formwork element, especially if it remains on the outside or inside cladding as an exterior facing, artificial stone or stone slabs can also be used as formwork elements *

According to a further embodiment, especially if the rods are to remain in the wall as retaining iron reinforcement, the rods can be made up of interlocking pieces of screwed-in screws _. the rods have a smooth surface over their entire length »

od «p other flatten,« .Β. made of plastic or del.

BAD ORlGlNM.

80 98 1 1/0 55 1

Sine andex * preferred embodiment of the invention Device is that at least? two at a distance parallel double rows arranged from one another, perpendicular Rods are provided and that between the rods of each double row and the transverse to the rods of the double rows at » orderly spacer tabs, preferably loose, are inserted "

For this formwork body can in an advantageous manner commercial; Any standardized pumice boards or other boards, also wooden floorboards or formwork panels as a * elements are used * These can be used without damaging to be inserted between the bars of each double row. Ee therefore result in extremely low construction costs. The rods can be placed anywhere in relation to be arranged on the length of the formwork elements · For the planning of a building, in particular the arrangement of windows and doors, is largely free to the architect relaxed, since a standardization of lengths and heights is useful, but not necessary.

In order to ensure an exact, in particular perpendicular, alignment of the wall to be created and, if necessary, to secure it against falling eu, one embodiment of the invention provides for both types of execution of a scarfing body that on at least one upper edge of the shuttering body forming a construction section the rods and the upper side of the uppermost layer of the circuit elements a longitudinally oriented _P optionally perforated profile "z.i3 _o an angular profile is detachably attached, which may have" attachment elements for releasably attached to the bracket body "

BATH ORIGINAL

80981 1/0551

for easier removal of the rods and spacers to allow from the finished wall, tst ee advantageous, if this is done with a lubricant, e.g. oil or fat Are covered that does not set with concrete.

According to another embodiment, the rods can also be yours Be slightly vex-young at the foot.

Although the rods of round steel because bauüblich v preferred / ground, can these existing for other steel or plastic profile bars or a suitable _s corresponding Holzkoastruktion

If the wall is to be created using the pre-formwork method, so it is advisable to provide the inside of the formwork elements with a concrete-repellent lubricant.

For the wall ₉ that the formwork elements remain in the wall as permanent formwork, it is advantageous, according to further embodiments of the invention, if the circuit elements have smooth, decorated or coated external surfaces.

In this case, wall cladding, e.g. made of core plaster or similar interior plaster, is not required. Through this there will be considerable costs for the construction of the ferti on the wall including the outer and inner skin.

The formwork elements can be arranged in a vertical row hen or in a bandage / on top of each other.

BATH ORIGINAL

Further advantages and special features of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments of formwork units, using the attached Drawing., Point in it

Fig. 1 shows a Ausführungsmigsform a formwork body according to the invention in side view;

Pig. Fig. 2 is a plan view of "Pig. 1;

Pig »3 shows a vertical cross section through the formwork body the pig. t after the line III * IIIj

Pig. 4 ″ a perspective view of an abatement flap with inserted rods}

Pig. 5 sine _v perspective view of a support assembly of a scheiaatische SehalungskÖrpers the Pig "1 _D consisting of rods and Abstandelaachen;

Flg. 6 Ue 6a perspective »representations of the formwork bodya the Pig »1 in a partially finished state;

Pig. 7 shows a further embodiment of the anafora according to the invention Formwork body in side view;

Pig, Figure 8 is a top view of Pig. 7;

Pig. 9 a vertical cross-section after the - ** inie IX * IX in Pig. 7;

10 is a perspective, schematic illustration the support arrangement of the formwork body according to Piß. 7;

Fig. 11 and 11a perspective representations of the visual

Lung body according to Pig'7 in a partially finished state;

Pig. 12 a corner of two formwork bodies in plan view and FIG. 13 is a plan view of a wall crossing »

BATH ORIGINAL

~ 11 -

The formwork body according to FIGS. 1-6a consists in detail from two parallel rows arranged in the longitudinal direction of the wall to be constructed vertical rods 1, preferably from Federal steel, also on the rods 1 plugged formwork elements 5 and betweenj or below and above these on the Rods t attached spacer tubes *

To the circuit elements 3, for example pumice, concrete or Kun dead inplatten, shuttering panels or the like attach. To the masts 1 to könneη ₅ have this transverse eu their longitudinal direction in the plate plane extending bores 4 or recesses, which are preferably provided at regular intervals · Ia The exemplary embodiment shown is that these bores are each at a distance of a quarter of the length 1 of the formwork element, measured from its ends; arranged. The formwork elements can be lode without difficulty, ie without mortar or any other connecting means, either in rows on top of one another or, as shown in FIG. 'a row can be offset from the formwork elements 3 of the row above it by half of its length 1 · ·

The spacer tabs 2 consist of simple flat section steel, and have bores 5 at their ends for receiving the rods 1, which are arranged _r that the same spacer tabs can be used for formwork bodies or walls of different thicknesses.

BATH ORIGINAL 8098 1 1 / 0-551

The spacing plates make the training even high or thin horizontal joints on the Walls made possible and guaranteed.

The whole formwork body is a rigid box-like structure with a wall section d _P which is made up of the wall thicknesses α., The formwork elements and the width d «of the cavity 6 between the formwork elements 5 2us?

Appropriately, formwork bodies are each formed from one or half a storey height H, which are made up of several superposed Rows of formwork elements of height h are formed.

An overhang is expediently provided on an upper edge of the Sehalungekörpers

tarn ΈΪ grf * ^ \ j ^^ rft r ^^ "* £ ^ £ S

its length L rei ^ nenafes / wfekelprofileisen 7 put on the rods 1, which serves as a straight edge. A spirit level or leveling device can be placed on it. The .Zinke profile 7 has an eyelet can be -the obliquely to the Schalimgskörper recognized 8 ssura hooking a Stütse 9 and this echtitat against Umfallesi keeps _f and plumb.,

After erecting the Sohalungskörpers with the height H, the cavity 6 delimited by the formwork elements 3 is poured with concrete and bildot the core of the wall to be created »

The spacer tabs Rönnen also with means for attachment of external or "hanging scaffolds or the like exhibit.. In this case, it keeps them Lauche expedient in the poured wall, it can be anchored to a rod 1, or other means to the scaffold _s removed wircU

BATH ORIGINAL

8098 1 1/0551

Each time the shuttering body slips and the concrete sets, the bars ^ z ₀ B ₀ can be pulled out of the wall by hand ^. Let stand lax down protruding from the wall sideways, then, especially if they are coated with a lubricant such as _o fat or oil, or knock out effortlessly pull *

The shuttering elements can remain in the wall as outer layers, ie as permanent shuttering. In this case it is useful if their outside is correspondingly smooth or decorated, so that plastering or cladding is unnecessary. It is sufficient then the Sehalungselemente ₉ with a paint or the like to be provided. · In this case it is examined

one / possible, the rods and Afcstandslaschen, the latter then / can have a little less length than the width d of the formwork body _t in the wall at the rear as a holding structure for the outer cladding or as steel reinforcement «.

In this case, the rods can each be screwed be connected with rods of the next following, on salted formwork.

If you use Sehalungselatente, which are only intended as pre-formwork., These can be removed after the setting of the concrete core in a known manner. The formwork _{elements e s} rods and spacers can then be used again to create another formwork unit.

BATH

With the new type of formwork, entire floors can be built of a building, even high-rise buildings have ve # be assembled. The installation pipes can also be inserted into the cavity 6 between the formwork elements 3 are inserted.

There is no difficulty with the walls _P J en ster- or doorways, or even with steel columns and steel ■ - concrete support to be provided. Bs are corresponding lintel and vertical formwork in this Pail etched into the cavity 6? which limit a complete filling with concrete.

The Casing body according to Figo 7 »11a consists of two parallel rows of double vertical rods 1, provided by transverse to the row direction ₉ with four holes 10 spaced lugs 11 and loosely between the rods of each double row, DOH. formwork elements 12 used without mortar or any other connecting means are held. The spacer tabs are arranged between the formwork elements lying on top of one another and under the bottom formwork elements.

The formwork elements 12 are simple and customary for this purpose Pumice plates or the like without a through hole particularly suitable * net. The rods can be placed anywhere along the formwork elements be set, but preferably again in each case measured at a distance of a quarter of the length 1 of the formwork element from its respective end.

Instead of the inner rows of bars, squared timbers can also be used, which are expediently leaned against or attached to the spacer tabs within the circuit elements and, like the bars 1, gradually upwards during concreting

BATH ORIGINAL

to be pulled. Also fct ee the iPachroaxm also possible.? the 55chaüuiigaeleiaente dismissed by lost webs, which in the Tankers remain ^ eiler sTiisohon the Bchaliv-j ^ ijülciOöiiten since- »

The rest of the structure of the formwork body corresponds to that according to Pig «1 - 6a. The parts coinciding with this therefore bear the same symbols "

12 shows possible corner connections with the new formwork unit. The joint between the outer formwork elements 3a and 3d is chosen in such a way and the SehalungBelomente are so cut ₉ that the most conspicuous side5, for example the façade side 3a, runs through to the end and the right-angled side 3b butts butt. In a similar way, the inner sides abut one another * so that a continuous cavity 6 is formed for receiving the concrete.

The formwork bodies according to the invention can also be attached to one another in any way and arrangement, as well as at any angle. Figure 12 shows a _n · dureto continuous shuttering body 13 transversely to the next formwork bodies 14 _F 15 $. which butted to the formwork body 13, this forming the one delimitation of the cavities in the formwork body t4 »15 _P. The formwork body 14 _? 15 can also be arranged offset from one another.

in Bekoe se ^-ai at ^one way.

BATH

. 80 98.1 1/0551

In the formwork bodies according to the invention, openings in a simple way by inserting square timber or square timber

or / Holabohlen

frame / be formed. Window and door stops can, if necessary, be formed by inserting square brackets and correspondingly far advanced formwork elements. Stürz® are advantageously placed in or on the finished walls as prefabricated components using the same formwork process. A roller shutter apron v / ill be conveniently prepared by a usable as Außensehalungselemant pumice plate in a preferably non-isosceles _s eingesetsstes in the shuttering body angle profile wird5 employed, the ~ ment serves as Tragele "

The use of pear * panels as formwork elements is especially advantageous “because these are easy to use Can be sawn or split to the required length at the construction site. «Si« can also be nagsln and be sit both heat-absorbing and sound-absorbing «properties. In addition, they are extremely inexpensive components.

Another special advantage is that the Steel elements of the formwork body again and again on the hay in front of « are reversible, provided they are not used as a support or holding iron in the Construction remain.

ORIGINAL

8098 1 1/0551

Claims (1)

Attorney's file; 1 - 8 - 63 Claims Process for the creation of structures in formwork concrete, characterized in that from parallel rows vertical rods and these connecting in the longitudinal direction of the wall to be created, held by the rods, formwork elements arranged in a double row, as well as from across the wall more often and below in pairs next to each other standing formwork elements attached to the poles Spacer tabs are self-supporting formwork bodies will; that in the bottom bounded by the formwork elements space poured in concrete and after it has set, the rods and spacer glasses are removed from the wall Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ifindf & a next formwork body to be placed on this remain and only after completion of this upper found = · section to be removed ο in the upper rope of the poured Sohalungskörpera b and BaB initially borrowed spacer plates as spacers / 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that highly porous components, preferably or pumice panels massive or other panels, possibly provided with an insulating layer, are used as lost formwork elements who and that the formwork body formed with these formwork elements is poured with cast concrete. BATH 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the rods and spacer plates with a Lubricants, e.g. oil or grease. 5. The method according to one of claims 1 - 6 _9, characterized in that the 'formwork bodies are provided with vertical through holes or recesses spaced longitudinally apart from one another, ie through holes or recesses lying in the plane of the panel, and are fitted with these onto the rods » 6. The method according to any one of claims _{1-4 9,} characterized in that the. Formwork elements are each held between two parallel rows of vertical rods, and that the rods of one of the sections are aligned with those of the other row in the transverse direction and are connected to one another by common spacer plates. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in ₉ that installation lines are inserted into the cavities between the formwork elements in a manner known per se « 8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the inside of the S chalungse leise nt e are provided with a lubricant, and the formwork elements after completion of the wall the removed. 9. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 BATH ORIGINAL marked by a switchgear body consisting of at least two rows of parallel rows spaced apart from one another and vertical rods aligned lengthways and transversely of the rows {1) «minäatiterta two rows placed on and next to and from the rods (1 ) held shuttering elements (5) "as well as above and below the SehalungoeZemente (3t12) on the rods (1) slidably attached spacer tabs (2 ₉ 11) is formed ₉ which connect the transversely aligned rods (.1) with each other" 10. The device according to claim 9 _9, characterized in that the formwork _{elements (3 P} 12) made of porous plates, preferably Bimsplattenj massive or other _? If necessary, there are panels provided with an insulating layer, and form a permanent formwork « 11. The device according to claim 9 or 10 _P, characterized in that the frame elements (3) are arranged in their plate plane transversely to their minimum extension . . or AirjimarimRcn. , gen (4 -) / KUH Put the Sehalungselemente (3) on the have vertical rods (1) «. 12. The apparatus of claim 9 or 10, characterized in that at least two spaced apart parallel double rows of vertical rods (1) are provided; and that between the rods (1) of each double row and the spacer tabs (11) arranged transversely to the rods of the double rows, formwork elements (12), preferably loosely, are inserted ο BATH 8 0 981 1/0551 UB9917 13. The device according to one dar spoke 9 -ΛΖ, characterized * that the formwork elements (3.12) have smooth, well-versed or provided with a paint or the like outer surfaces. 14. The device according to any one of claims 9-13 *, characterized in that the Abstawielaschen (2 _Ρ 11) and rods (1), optionally also the inner sides of the formwork elements (3.12) with a lubricant, ZoB. oil or grease are coated ₃ £ as not to Beto ". sets » 15. The device according to any one of claims 9-14- »characterized in that at least one upper edge of the formwork body forming a construction section on the rods (1) and the top of the uppermost layer formwork elements (3. 12) a longitudinally oriented, if necessary» perforated profile _For example, an angle profile (7) is detachably attached, which optionally has attachment elements (8) for inclined supports (9) detachably attached to the formwork body ο 16. Device after a de *? Claims 9-15, characterized in that the rods (1) are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rows at approximately the first and third quarter of the length (1) of each formwork element (3 _f 12). 17 · · The device according to claim 9 characterized ..16 _f ge mark _"P characterized in that the rods (1) are each longer than the height (H) of the shuttering body. BATH ORIGINAL 8098 1 1/0551 K59917 18. Device according to one of claims 9 -17, characterized in ₉ that the rods (1) consist of nested, for example screwed, individual st lic ken, the rods have a smooth surface over their entire length « 19. Device according to one of claims 9 18 »characterized a that the rods (1) to their PuBe to a are slightly tapered, 20. Device according to one of claims 9-19 _r, characterized in that the rods (1) consist of profile steel, 21. Device according to one of claims 9-19 »characterized; that the rods (1) and possibly also the spacer lasciien (2,11) made of plastic or a suitable ₅ corresponding. Made of wood 22. Device according to one of claims 9-21, characterized in that that the spacer tabs (2.1t) means of attachment voa outdoor or hanging scaffolding or the like. And, if necessary, facilities for anchoring them in the wall own" Device according to one of claims ^ - 22 »characterized in that that is the distance between the holes in the spacer brackets (2,11) are chosen so that the same spacer bracket can be used for different wall or formwork body thicknesses » BATH ORIGINAL 24. Device according to one of claims 9-23, characterized in that that between the formwork elements (3.12) temporarily squared timber as additional formwork elements for concrete supports are arranged « 25. Device according to one of claims 9 -24, characterized in that that at an angle to each other erected formwork bodies ("13,14,15") are butted together. 26. Device according to one of claims 9 -25, characterized in that mutually abutting formwork bodies (13, 14, 15) are firmly connected to one another by iron anchors inserted in the horizontal joints of the formwork " 27. Device according to one of claims 9-26, characterized in that that with a corner connection of two formwork bodies (13,14) a continuous cavity (6) between the formwork elements (3, 12) standing parallel to each other are provided » Aachen, December 20th For Dipl.-Ing. Peter Derichs: Mpl.-Ihg. Wblfgaftg K. Rauh PATEHTAHWALO! BATH ORIGINAL