DE2826808C2 - Cyclone dust collector - Google Patents

Description

a) an opening (17) is surrounded by an ejector tube (5), the ejector tube (5) at its outer end (28) is open and in front of its end (28) one tangential in the flow direction has connected pipeline (30),

b) a frame (26) with a filter mat (27) is attached to the open end (28) of the ejector tube (5) is and

c) the openings (11, 12) through pipes (23, 30,31) are connected to the suction pipe (38) of the fan (33).

2. cyclone dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that an opening (11) between the lower end (7) of the separation space (2) and the collecting container (9) in one Annular space (19) is attached.

3. cyclone dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that between the opening (17) and the tangentially connected pipe (30) a slide (37), in particular a rotary slide, is appropriate.

4. cyclone dust separator according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the Annular space (19) in front of the opening (11) as a separating container (8) is designed with annular internals.

5. cyclone dust separator according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that the Fittings in the annular space (19) made up of a cylindrical partition (13) and one or more helically arranged one above the other band / bands (15) are formed, which extend approximately up to Opening (11) extend and on the outer circumference part of the annular space (19) for the deposition Free of residual dust, with sheet metal strips (14) at a distance in the outer area of the windings are dissuaded from each other.

6. cyclone dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that in the pipeline (31) between the opening (11) and the suction tube (38) of the fan (33) a slide (32) or a nozzle is arranged.

7. cyclone dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening (12) of a jacket tube surrounding the immersion tube (6)

(22) is formed, to which a pipeline tangentially

(23) is connected, which is connected to the suction pipe (38) of the fan (33).

8. cyclone dust separator according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the Pipeline (23) between the opening (12) and the suction pipe (38) of the fan (33) a slide is arranged

9. cyclone dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the suction pipe (38) of the Fan (33) in the direction of flow in front of the connection (35) of the pipeline (23,30,31) with a Slide (34) can be closed

The invention relates to a cyclone dust separator for separating coarse, fine and extremely fine dust particles from a dust-laden exhaust air or exhaust gas stream, which is eccentrically fed with a dust pipe and a fan to a conical separation chamber through a dust pipe from above and a collecting container arranged below for the separated dust particles, whereby a dip tube for discharging the clean air or Clean gas flow is used and openings for discharging part of the dust air mixture are attached between the end of the dust pipe on the separation space and the collecting container.

It is known to produce small particles of dust Air for the purpose of cleaning the air in workshop rooms or from smoke gases in cyclone separators to be separated and deposited in a collecting container. One such as a rotationally symmetrical one The cyclone separator is designed to remove the dust-laden air in the upper part, from a container Fan coming, fed eccentrically at high speed, so that the heavy dust particles are guided outwards against the wall of the container under the action of centrifugal forces and the cleaned gases are discharged through a dip tube inserted centrally in the upper part of the container can be. The dust particles become circular due to friction on the container wall Movement inhibited and, slowly falling, get into one arranged under the cyclone Collection container from which they can be removed. The well-known dust collectors have not, however Proven if not only coarse but also fine dust is as complete as possible through a cyclone separator should be deposited.

From US-PS 21 53 026 a cyclone dust separator with eccentric supply of a dust air mixture known to a cone-shaped separation chamber, from which from above through a centrally arranged Immersion tube of the clean air flow is discharged. To discharge part of the dust air mixture is between the end of the dust supply pipe and the dust collection container an opening with a Pipeline attached, which feeds a partial flow to an additional fan, from where it is in several parts divided by several pipelines are fed back to the separation room.

From US-PS 24 08 250 a similarly constructed cyclone dust collector is known, in which from the lower part of the cone with the displaceable opening of a pipe a partial flow of the to be separated Extracted dust air mixture, centrically guided through the immersion tube for the clean air flow upwards and to the intake side of an additional fan

is tet. The pressure line of this fan is here connected to the dust feed pipe.

GB-PS 4 75 126 also discloses a cyclone dust separator with an eccentrically arranged one Feed pipe for a dust collector, in which a special axial separator is arranged consisting of fixed fan blades that set the gas in rotation so that the dust partially hits the inner surface of the axial separator is thrown. Here there is an annular outlet, including a part of the dust gas mixture larger proportion of dust can escape, which is then connected to a pipeline to the lower part of the cyclone is fed.

The object of the invention is to create a cyclone dust separator which is optimal Separation of coarse, fine and extremely fine dust is guaranteed even when there is a large amount of dust have to be mastered. A low overall height should be maintained, so that the dust collector in work rooms, d. H. within a building.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in claim 1.

Further features for the embodiment of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The cyclone dust separator designed according to the invention fully meets the requirements and also has the advantage that the clean air is supplied directly to the work rooms can be.

By attaching at least one opening between the confluence of the dust pipe in the separating space and the dust collecting container, a pressure relief occurs in the respective area, which makes it possible to process or process a relatively larger amount of dust air, that is to say for the designed size of the dust separator. if the opening is arranged below the separation space, the flow can be calmed and thereby improved dust separation into the collecting container. If the proportion of very fine dust is large, the immersion pipe for discharging the clean air flow can advantageously be surrounded by a jacket pipe to which a suction pipe is connected tangentially, which has a partial flow with the very fine dust particles upstream of the dust pipe when viewed in the direction of flow Fan feeds. The very fine dead particles can in fact be torn up into the immersion tube 5 "in the separation room with the clean air flow. Here, however, the rotation of the dusty air mixture pushes them outward against the wall of the immersion tube, where these dust particles are now fed to the jacket tube and ^c, the suction pipe em supplied to sub-stream detected and fed back again in the deposition process, the dip tube leaving clean air flow can be obtained by the inventive arrangement of a casing tube, which preferably further into the separation chamber protrudes than the dip tube, are exempt from the very finest dust particles. .

The main advantage of this arrangement in connection with a partial return of the Staubluftbzw. Dust gas flow consists in that a practically complete separation of the dust particles is achieved so that the cyclone dust separator according to the invention is particularly useful when operated with high levels of fine dust, z. B. with grinding machines, can be used with great success

Another advantage is that the dust air mixture is relatively large in the separation space Amount can be supplied, but there is a turbulence or a jam in the separation room can come. To avoid this, the dust tube is placed in front of the eccentric confluence with the Separation space designed in the shape of an ejector, but the effect of an ejector does not occur, but a pressure relief against the direction of flow is reached and a small part of the flow escapes into a piece of pipe, which is closed with a filter cloth is. This measure is particularly necessary if a large blower is used, which feeds the dust air stream to the separation chamber at a relatively high pressure.

The lower opening of the cone of the separation space can advantageously extend approximately into the middle part of the Separating container extend so that the partial flow escaping from the pipeline of the separating container initially directed obliquely downwards and deflected when entering the separating container. Internals arranged below the connection point of the pipeline in the separating tank, which are located on the outer Perimeter are partially provided with openings, ensure that the partial flow before it passes through the Pipeline escapes from the separation tank, is dedusted. This is the centrifugal effect made usable in the helical guidance of the partial flow from the entry into the separating tank to is available for entry into the pipeline. In order to achieve this, an or several turns be formed with one or more helically arranged bands that extend from the lower opening of the round separating container extend to the connection point of the pipeline. Here cover strips are arranged on the outer circumference of each turn, between which free spaces are available for dust discharge.

The helical internals are advantageous for the partial flow in the same direction as the dust air flow directed in the separator, so that a utilization of the rotation and thus the centrifugal forces as well as increased dust separation can be achieved.

The height of a dust separator of the previous design is 8 to 10 m comparable performance using the construction according to the invention can be more advantageous Way to be built much lower, namely 2.2 to 2.6 m, so that it is now possible to use a dust collector to be accommodated within the work rooms without having to open ceilings or floors or the dust collector can be accommodated in a special room or outdoors because of its size got to. The stream of clean air is no longer blown into the open, but remains in the dust-free room, see above that there is no nuisance to the environment and the valuable heat content of the air in the winter heated workrooms.

Although the dust separator designed according to the invention is supplied with a relatively large amount of air the overall height can be greatly reduced, a retention rate of over 99.8% can be achieved.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In the

Fig. 1 is a cyclone dust collector schematically, partially in cross section, shown and

F i g. 2 shows a section through the ejector tube of the dust separator along the line H-II in the upper part of Fig. 1.

The cyclone dust separator consists of a cone 1, which forms the separation space 2, with a Dust tube 3, an ejector tube 5 and a dip tube 6 with jacket tube 22 on the upper part of the dust separator as well as a separating container 8 with internals such as partition 13, sheet metal strips 14 and strips 15, furthermore a collecting container 9 which encloses a collecting space 10. The separating container 8 is in one place its upper part is provided with an opening 11 with a pipe socket 36 on which a pipe 31 connected.

The dust-laden air or gas stream 5 is at high speed in the dust tube 3 the cone ί des Cyclone dust collector fed. The dust tube 3 is surrounded by the ejector tube 5 and stops at the end 16 on Connection to the cone 1 a certain distance from the ejector tube 5, so that an annular opening 17 arises. This arrangement of dust tube 3 and ejector tube 5 does not work as is known per se Ejector tubes, but serves to relieve pressure in the separation space 2. An overpressure in the separation space 2 causes part of the dust-air mixture to flow out through the ejector tube 5. Through this dust-tube-ejector tube arrangement the dust-air mixture can advantageously enter the separation space 2 at higher pressure and at greater speed be conveyed, with a small part of the air in the opposite direction through the ejector tube 5 is derived. At the end of the ejector tube 5, a filter mat 27 is attached to prevent any torn back Catch dust.

This arrangement of the ejector tube 5 around the dust tube 3 in connection with the approximately annular opening 17 is advantageously used to avoid a jam in the separation space 2 when a fan with a very high flow rate is used, which provides a larger number of workplaces or To remove dust from rooms.

The dusty air mixture entering the separation space 2 initially sweeps downwards in an approximately spiral shape along a helically tapered cover 4 and is kept away from the opening 17 by a baffle 18, with the dust falling along the outer wall of the cone 1 and the coarse portion due to the rotation of the flow is deposited at the lower opening 7 of the cone 1 along a cone 20 into the collecting container 9. Most of the air flow leaves the separation space 2 through the immersion pipe 6 upwards at D as pure air temperature. After passing through a lower opening 7 of the cone 1, a small part of the dust air flow enters the separating container 8 and is helically guided through the internals arranged here to the pipe socket 36, where it leaves the separating container 8 and through the pipe 31 a dust air suction pipe 38 is fed in the direction of flow upstream of a fan 33. The amount of the partial flow can be adapted to requirements by adjusting a slide 32 in the pipeline 3t.

The internals in the separating container 8 consist of the partition 13, helical strips 15 and Sheet metal strips 14 through the fastened to the intermediate wall 13 strips 15 are one or more Formed helical or helical channels, which on the outer circumference with the sheet metal strips 14 to Part are covered in such a way that spaces 39 remain free between the sheet metal strips, from which the finer dust can escape into an annular space 19, from where this dust down into the collecting container 9 falls. The or the helical channels einden on an upper part 21 of the separating container 8, where a Partial air flow emerges from the pipe socket 36. Residual dust particles can still be found in this partial air flow be included, after the return to the dust air intake pipe 38 again of the described Deposition are subjected.

According to a further concept of the invention, the clean air flow leaving the dust separator first enters the jacket tube 22 through an opening 12 that the immersion tube 6 at a distance of several. Centimeters and protrudes a little further into the separation space 2 via a lower end 24 of the immersion tube 6. The strong rotational flow present here is also transferred to the clean air flow, whereby it is possible according to the invention to obtain a clean air flow which is practically free of dust by sucking off a flow surrounding the clean air flow with extremely fine dust particles. The jacket pipe 22 is covered with a cover 25 and provided with a suction pipe 23 attached tangentially. The stream A with the finest dust particles emerging from the suction pipe 23 is fed to a connection 35 of the fan 33 and is again subjected to a separation.

The ejector tube 5 is widened, for example, rectangularly, at the free end 28, and is provided with a frame 26, on the outside of which the filter mat 27 is attached. In front of the free end 28, a tangentially outgoing extension 29 is attached to the ejector tube 5, which extends into a pipe 30 which also leads the dust air flow A removed to the connection 35 on the suction pipe of the fan 33.

By closing the ejector tube 5 with a rotary valve 37, the opening 17 on the cone 1 becomes ineffective and an air flow is sucked in through the filter mat 27 to the pipeline 30, which advantageously swirls up and extracts the dust deposited here, so that special cleaning is possible the filter mat 27 is unnecessary. Closing a slide 34 in the dust pipeline in front of the fan 33 causes the air flows A, B and C to be sucked in more strongly so that dust deposits in the separating container 8 are whirled up and sucked off. This effect is further intensified when a slide, not shown in the drawing, inserted in the pipeline 23 is closed.

Due to the guidance of the dust air mixture designed according to the invention in connection with the return of the partial dust air streams A, Bund C, which are still laden with fine dust, an optimal degree of purity is achieved in the discharged clean air stream in the immersion tube 6. This increased cleaning is effected on the one hand by the return of a partial stream of the dust air mixture , since this avoids whirling up in the separating chamber 2, as well as by cleaning this partial flow in the separating container 8 and, on the other hand, by removing the fine residual dust from the divided. Dust air currents, so that a new type of differential dust separator is created

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Cyclone dust separator for separating coarse, fine and finest dust particles from one dust-laden exhaust air or exhaust gas flow, which with a dust pipe and a fan a cone-shaped separation chamber with high speed through a dust pipe from above is fed eccentrically as well as a collecting container for the separated dust particles, with a dip tube in the center of the separation chamber from above is used to discharge the clean air or clean gas stream and between the end of the Dust pipe on the separation chamber and the collecting container openings for discharging part of the Dust air mixture are attached, thereby marked that