DE2822257A1 - Prefabricated reinforced concrete garage unit - has pair of lengthways rails cast on floor underside - Google Patents

Abstract

The reinforced concrete modular unit incorporates a floor in its original prefabricated state, for easier erection on site, and is esp. suitable as a garage. Fitting rails (6) are monolithically cast on the underside of the floor, parallel to the sidewalls (3). Their distance apart is pref. adapted to the lateral guideway on a rolling-off device or tripper, and may correspond to the axle width of a standard-size car. The outside are pref. between 50 and 100 cm, or more, from the sidewalls. They may be rounded off or slope-edged. This can be inexpensively produced, and delivered ready for erection.

Description

Hildegard Brandmeier

Fliederstrasse 12 8051 Niederhummel and Werner Mengelkamp Unteruerkstr. 5 8300 Altdorf Raumzelle as well as the process and device for their production The invention relates to a space cell lit floor, in particular a prefabricated garage Reinforced concrete, as well as a method and a particularly suitable for their production a particularly suitable device for carrying out the method.

For reasons of manufacturing and transport simplification, prefabricated garages are used often prefabricated as room cells without a floor and so on a prefabricated one Lowered foundation. Of course, this requires extensive preparatory work on site for the foundation and reworking, for example for rainwater drainage.

However, there are also already known room cells that are prefabricated garages suitable and provided with a prefabricated floor. These prefabricated garages are usually transported with sophisticated special vehicles, such as this one the end DE-OS 24 31 606 can be seen. The bottom is smooth on its underside. If the ground is hard, it is therefore relatively time-consuming to prepare the stand Leveling work required, while with soft subsoil, the such Leveling work is made easier, usually an additional foundation Is necessary to avoid lowering movements and the like.

The entire floor space of the room cell or garage is always included to edit, and must next to this fully covered floor space by the garage floor the necessary connection work is carried out, at least drainage shafts for the rainwater, etc. This goes through the whole for the room cell or garage required building space beyond the actual floor area, what in particular interferes with a closely spaced arrangement of a plurality of room cells such as garages.

For the production of such room cells from reinforced concrete it is known to work with the inner core and outer formwork. Especially when using a rigid one or one-piece inner core, it is also known to light the inner core on all sides to be conical in order to pull off the hardened room cell from the inner core facilitate. However, this requires a complete hardening of the concrete in order for it to be this is sufficient for lifting off and overcoming the adhesive forces that occur is sustainable; the long curing time reduces the efficiency of the formwork and therefore requires a large number of formwork for a given production output with corresponding construction and space costs. There are also heavy lifting equipment and drives required for moving the heavy individual parts.

From DE-AS 24 00 390 it is furthermore known to have a room cell open front with the back wall at the top and then around 900 in a horizontal position too tilt, whereupon the inner core is knocked off by hand and is removed from the interior of the room cell. Then the outer formwork dismantled. Although this does not require any heavy lifting equipment or the like, it does a multitude of lightweight individual parts that can be assembled for formwork the outside and inside of the room cell as well as time-consuming and costly manual labor.

The object of the invention is to provide a space cell and a method and to create a device for their manufacture, which in particular when used supplied as a prefabricated garage without functional disadvantages and particularly inexpensive can be set up ready for use.

This problem is solved in particular by the characteristic Features of claim 1.

Attachment rails of this type cast on in one piece may be required very minimal additional manufacturing effort due to a special training one side of the outer formwork and result in only a minimal increase in weight.

However, a number of these are very important with such mounting rails Benefits achievable. In this way, the mounting rails can also be used when the floor of the room module is inclined as a result of manufacturing technology favorable, conical design of the inner core with contact surfaces parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the room cell are provided and so support the room cell favorably. For the foundation are essentially independent depending on the type of subsoil, only point or strip foundations are required, which can be produced quickly and easily. In a lateral direction to the Side walls of the room cell remain a distance, for example for attachment the drainage shafts can be used, which thus in the base area of the room cell appropriate can be. The mutual distance is preferred two mounting rails arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal center line of the room unit adapted to the average width of the axles of conventional passenger cars in the case of use as a garage, the vehicle wheels on or in the immediate vicinity the mounting rails off so that freely protruding parts of the garage floor do not come through the weight of the vehicle are loaded and therefore no additional reinforcement need. With an appropriate dimensioning of the mutual distance between the two mounting rails can instead or in addition also significantly simplify the transport take place on series vehicles, as detailed in the German patent application the applicant of the same day with the title tfTransportvorrichtung für Raumzellen with floor, as well as room cell for this is explained in more detail, on the because of further details is expressly and fully referred to. In addition, there is no noticeable increase in manufacturing costs a constructive freedom of movement in the Choice of the inclination of the floor when the room module is ready, so that by appropriate Choice of the course of the mounting surface of the mounting rails, the floor despite being conical Formation of the inner core horizontally or without a conical formation of the Inner core can be designed sloping forward if necessary, whereby there are additional advantages with regard to cleaning, for example.

For the production of the room cell it is advantageous to have the rear wall at the top poured off, tilted by 900 after a slight initial hardening, and then the inner core withdrawn horizontally, including a corresponding conical design of the room cell walls is provided. The inner core as well as the outer formwork as a whole can be used be rigid. However, the ceiling can also have a circumferential collar Mistake which is particularly suitable for accommodating solar panels. The front one Part of the encircling federal government can also be part of one in the area of the front the space cell arranged flange frame for example to form a polygonal tower be such room cells. In the case of such a circumferential collar, the outer formwork is formed at least in two parts, with the side of the ceiling by a special Formwork part is formed, which is lifted and not pulled off.

Due to the at least predominantly one-piece design of the outer formwork and the inner core can have a push-off device through the rear wall between these parts the room cell through which the formwork and external formwork Inner core pushes apart and so without stressing the fresh concrete of the room cell enables the formwork to be removed quickly and easily. Such a push-off device can be formed by a plurality of power cylinders such as hydraulic cylinders, which jointly controlled to be extended to the formwork and, for example, in protective sleeves reach through the rear wall of the room cell in individual, evenly distributed recesses. Such a push-off device can, for example, be an integral part of the outer formwork be attached and therefore requires practically no additional space and minimal additional equipment expense.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention result can be derived from the following description of exemplary embodiments based on the drawing, especially in connection with the additional claims.

It shows Fig. 1 with a sectional space cell held a schentatic Side view of two working stages in the production, FIG. 2 a FIG. 1 corresponding Partial section of a modified embodiment of a room cell and its production Fig. 3 shows a side view of a room cell according to the invention, FIG. 4 shows a rear view a room cell according to the invention, FIG. 5 is a side view of a room unit according to the invention Room cells formed polygonal tower and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the polygonal tower according to FIG. 5, also greatly simplified schematically.

From Fig. 1, in particular, the production method of an inventive Room cell visible. The space cell, designated as a whole with 1, has a rear wall 2, side walls 3, a floor 4 and a ceiling 5, while the front is open is. On the outside of the base 4 are shown in FIG. 4 in particular Way two spaced apart, parallel mounting rails 6 are provided.

The lower mounting surface 7 of the mounting rails 6 is in the example in the manner particularly evident from FIG. 3, parallel to the longitudinal center axis 8 of the room cell 1, while the floor 4, the ceiling 5 and the side walls 3 of the open front to the rear wall 2 to conically converge and thereby have the same wall thickness at least over the major part of their length. Through this on the one hand a homogeneous formation and hardening of the concrete and on the other hand a correspondingly conical outer surface is achieved.

In the manner shown in FIG. 1, the floor 4 is in the neighborhood the rear wall 2 a comparatively large recess 9 is provided through which Can grab supports of a transport device, as described in the introductory part mentioned parallel German patent application of the applicant on the same day which is referenced in full for further details, in detail is explained.

From the also explained in more detail in this parallel application Reasons are the AufBsetzschienen 6 at their rear End with a Rounding 10 provided.

For production, a total of one is on a horizontal platform 11 with 12 designated tilting frame a rigid or one-piece inner core 13 is attached, as can be seen from the right half of FIG. Around the rigid inner core 13, an outer formwork 14, optionally formed in one piece, is set, which surrounds the floor 4, the ceiling 5 and the side walls 3 of the room cell 1 from the outside. The outer formwork 14 contains corresponding recesses for receiving in the floor area the mounting rails 6, which are thus cast in one piece with the room cell 1. In the upright position shown on the right side of FIG. 1 takes place the casting with concrete up to the filling of the rear wall 2, the outside of which is then smoothed will. After a short hardening time, the tilting frame 12 is moved by 900 into the out of the left side of Fig. 1 tilted position in which the room cell 1 with the bottom 4 and the mounting rails 6 cast underneath on a previously vertical one Support platform 15 rests. In this position, the inner core 13 can be in the direction indicated by arrows In Fig. 1 illustrated manner in the example to the right and the outer formwork 14 can be pulled off to the left in order to form the room cell 1, the conical Formation of the bottom 4, the ceiling 5 and the side walls 3 a clean release of the hardened concrete from the formwork parts or the core parts.

Between the outer formwork 14 and the inner core 13 one has an effect in the example case four power cylinders 16 existing pressure device. The end of the cylinder the force cylinder 16 is rigid with the outer formwork in a manner not shown 14 connected, while the piston rods 17, guided in protective sleeves 18, recesses 19 reach through in the corner areas of the rear wall 2 and on the end face of the inner core 13 are present. The circular recesses 19 can at the finished Room cells serve as ventilation openings, for example. When the four power cylinders are actuated 16, which in a manner not shown by a common pressure medium control are actuated, the mutual removal of the inner core 13 and the outer formwork takes place 14 according to the arrows indicated in FIG. It can be in the position according to Fig. 1 on the left in a manner not shown perpendicularly supporting the inner core 13 Platform 10 initially remain in its operating position to allow a relative movement bring about the outer formwork 14 in the representation to the left, after which, after Removal of the platform 10 from the rear end of the inner core 13 during the further stroke the power cylinder 16 of the inner core is pushed out of the space cell 1. the The final solution of the formwork and core parts that have been temporarily detached can be found in a simple Way with appropriate support of the hardened room cell 1 using carriages or the like.

In the manner shown in Fig. 4, the distance between the respective outer outer edge of the mounting rails 6 and the adjacent side wall 3 about 1 meter or more, if the proportions of the spatial unit in its use be considered as a prefabricated garage. This is next to in the side area the Aufsetzschienen 6, but still within the side walls 3, below the floor 4 Space for drainage shafts or the connection of other supply facilities the room cell. The rainwater can still be within the rectangular Main outline of the room cell in a rear area adjacent to the rear wall 2 the side walls 3 are guided downward on the outside of the side walls 3, because the side walls face one another towards the rear due to the conicity of the formwork and core run so that downpipes and other provided on the outside of the room cell Installation facilities do not have to exceed the nominal dimensions of the room unit and such a play-free, closely spaced arrangement of room cells 1 not hinder. In the parallel German patent application already mentioned As explained in more detail by the applicant, the mounting rails 6 can be mutually exclusive Get a distance that is a lateral guide through the roll-off device of hookloaders Od. Like. Allows without additional measures are required for this. Furthermore get the Aufsetzschienen 6 thereby also in a mutual distance, which in corresponds approximately to the axle width of conventional passenger cars, so that, as based on Fig. 4 can be seen, a standing in the garage passenger car immediately above the Aufsetzschienen 6 is supported on the ground and not the self-supporting Parts of the floor 4 loaded. Since the storage of the room cell 1 solely on the mounting rails 6 takes place, point or strip threads are sufficient to support them on the contact surfaces 7, so that expensive flat foundations can be avoided. If, as in Example case, the contact surface 7 of the contact rails 6 parallel to the longitudinal center axis 8 of the room cell 1 runs, the result for the floor 4 is an open front downward slope, which facilitates cleaning and bridging the height by an access ramp or the like. Reduced.

The ceiling 5 of the room cell 1 is adjacent to the open front side Provided the end with a standing collar 20. As can be seen without further ado and is possible without any disturbance of the production illustrated in FIG. 1, the collar 20 can at least partially around the open front of the room cell 1 and thus a flange frame for front attachment of the room cells 1 form a polygon tower 21, for example, on corresponding support parts. A such a polygonal tower can, as with the aid of FIGS. 5 and 6, easily be illustrated is erected in a simple manner by means of a climbing crane and with a central, Elevator not shown in detail are operated, whereby a large number in a small space can be accommodated by garages.

In addition or on the other hand, the collar 20 can also be placed on the ceiling 5 be designed circumferentially, as can be seen from FIG. In this Trap is the rear part of the collar 20, which is in the area of the rear wall 2, the withdrawal movement of the outer formwork 14, so that then the outer formwork 14 formed in two parts with a separate formwork part 22 for the outside of the ceiling 5 must become. In the manner shown in Fig. 2, the formwork part 22 is in the left position according to FIG. 1 lifted vertically before the horizontal trigger movement between outer formwork 14 and inner core 13 takes place after the formwork parts mutually are unlocked.

With such a training, a trough-like trough is created on the Top of the ceiling 5, which is well suited for receiving a solar collector. For this purpose, a pipe system made up of coiled pipes or pipe bundles can be used after the Formwork part 22 applied to the top of the ceiling 5 and for example poured with tar or pressed into a previously applied tar layer and so be anchored.

In this way, the ceiling 5 for storage of is very simple Solar panels are used without affecting the architectural Image occurs. Furthermore, there is no loss of building space or land by such a solar collector, as an area is used that was previously was only used in exceptional cases. The manufacturer's attachment Such a solar collector is done with minimal effort and does not increase the Construction time at the rate of interest.

Instead of one, in the hollow on the ceiling bounded by the collar 20 5 embedded solar collector, a separate solar collector 93 can also be used which rests flat on the roof and is moveable in order to achieve an optimal To achieve utilization of the incident sun rays.

This can be seen, for example, in FIGS. 3 and 4 Way such, possibly commercially available plate-shaped solar collector be stored in the area of the circumferential collar 20, as in the case of the tilting structure a three-sided tipper is known per se, so that, as indicated in FIG is, depending on the angle of incidence of the solar radiation, a tilting of the solar collector 23 can be done on one side or on the other.

Switching the hinge pin from the pivot position to the The release can be done manually or automatically.

Especially for such an automatic switch to the desired one Tilt position offers a storage in which the solar collector 23 in the in Fig. 3 indicated by dot-dash lines in the area of its center of gravity tiltable is mounted on a bracket 24, instead of an edge-side hinge-like Storage, as indicated at 25 in Fig. 3, a corresponding storage 26 on the Top of the bearing block S is provided. The water circulation in the solar collector 23, the supply and discharge of which is then in the area of the bearing 26 of the bearing block 24 takes place, can run divided on both sides of the storage 26 and not be controlled by solenoid valves as illustrated in more detail. With control In turn, the solenoid valves can, for example, by a simple timer, the water circulation in the two halves 23a and 23b of the solar collector 23 are reversed in such a way that that by the weight of the water in one of the halves 23a or 23b this half becomes overweight and causes the energy collector 23 to tip over. This tilting movement by briefly switching over the solenoid valves can also be carried out in Not shown in more detail caught by locking in the desired mixing positions be, so that the energy collector 23 at certain time intervals during the day by controlling the solenoid valves by means of the timer and corresponding unequal Weight distribution of the water intermittently by certain angles from one locking position to the next is swiveled in order to always get the most vertical incidence of sun rays possible, while sometime after sunset by activating the solenoid valves accordingly pivoting back into the first pivot position can take place.

In the case of a moving energy collector 23, the rotating Federal government 20 so pulled up or provided with a corresponding aperture that The energy collector 23 au in its most inclined position only comparatively two; e protrudes little or not at all over the collar 20 or its cover and so the architectural Picture does not bother either. Of course, any other can also be used instead of water a suitable medium is used in the circuit alone or in a mixture with water especially a mixture with an anti-freeze agent is intended.

Claims (33)

Hildegard Branclmeier Fliederstr. 12 8051 Niederhummel and Werner Mengelkamp Unterverkstr. 5 8300 Altdorf claims room cell with floor, in particular Prefabricated garage made of reinforced concrete, characterized in that on the underside of the floor (4) mounting rails running at least approximately parallel to the side walls (3) (6) are cast in one piece. 2. Room unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the mutual Distance between the loading rails (6) of the side guide of the unwinding device or the like. standard tipper is adapted. 3. Room unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mutual spacing of the mounting rails (6) of the axle width of conventional passenger vehicles is equivalent to. 4. Room unit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that between the outer sides of the AufBsetzschienen (6) and the side walls (3) A distance of at least 50 cm, preferably at least one meter, is provided. 5. room cell according to one of claims 1 to 41 marked thereby that the rear ends of the AufBsetzschienen (6) rounded or beveled at the bottom (Rounding 10) are. 6. Room unit according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the height of the AufBsetzschienen (6) at least in the area of the rear ends at least is about 10 cm. 7. Room unit according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the lower placement surface (7) of the placement rails (6) with the rear wall (2) of the Room cell (1) encloses an angle of at least approximately exactly 900. 8. Room cell, in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least the inner sides of the bottom (4), the Ceiling (5) and the side walls (3) with the 0 rear wall (2) an angle of something include more than 90. 9. room unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the floor (4) and / or the side walls (3) and / or the ceiling (5), if any with the exception Cast rails (extension rails 6), webs (collar 20) etc. constant wall thicknesses exhibit. 10. Room cell according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the top wall (2) has at least three continuous recesses (19). 11. Room cell, in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in particular in the area of the open front the room cell (1) a flange frame (collar 20) for connecting adjacent room cells (1) is provided. 12. Room unit according to claim 11, characterized in that the flange rims (Bund 20) is cast in one piece. 13. Room cell according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by the use the room cell (1) on a polygon tower (21). 14. Room cell, in particular according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the ceiling (5) of the room cell (1) is provided by the manufacturer Solar panels (23) are provided. 15. Cell according to claim 14, characterized in that the solar panels are formed by a pipe system cast on or with a lower layer. 16. Room cell according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the ceiling (5) of the room cell (1) has a circumferential collar (20) which at least flush with the top of the cast layer. 17. Room cell according to claim 14, characterized in that the solar collector (23) is mounted tiltably on the ceiling (5) of the room cell (1). 18. Cell according to claim 17, characterized in that the solar collector (23) in the area of the surrounding federal government (20) in the construction of three-sided tippers is mounted movably in a manner known per se with different inclinations. 19. Room cell according to claim 17, characterized in that the solar collector (23) in the area of its center of gravity by a bearing block (24) supported in a tiltable manner is. 20. Room cell according to claim 19, characterized in that the solar collector (23) on both sides of the bearing (26) of the bearing block (24) in two halves (23a, 23b) is subdivided with its own Mediumullau £ system, and that the water supply the both water systems can be controlled by solenoid valves. 21. Room unit according to claim 20, characterized by a control the solenoid valves by means of a timer. 22. Room cell according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the solar collector (23) is mounted in a latching manner in various pivoting positions. 23. A method for producing a space cell according to at least one of claims 8 to 22, characterized in that the material between a rigid inner core conical on all sides and at least one in the area of the side walls, the rear wall and the floor rigid outer formwork is poured and after a low initial hardening of the inner core and the outer formwork peeled off horizontally will. 24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the casting is carried out with the rear wall at the top and then the formwork 900 can be tilted into a disconnection position in which the central longitudinal axis of the room cell lies horizontally. 25. The method according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the ceiling is at the top in the stripping position. 26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the ceiling is switched off by lifting a special formwork part upwards. 27. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 26, characterized in that that after the formwork, the pipe system of the solar collector is placed and with a special material, especially a tar-based material, is cast around it. 28. Device for performing the method according to one of the claims 23 to 27 or for the production of a room cell according to at least one of claims 8 to 22, characterized by a rigid inner core conical on all sides (13) and at least one in the area of the side walls (3), the rear wall (2) and the Floor (4) rigid or one-piece outer formwork (14), as well as through a rear wall (2) push-off device (force cylinder 16) between the inner core (13) and outer formwork (14). 29. The device according to claim 28, characterized in that the The push-off device has power cylinders (16), in particular hydraulic cylinders. 30. Apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that four rraft cylinders (16) arranged in the vicinity of the side edges of the space cells (1) are provided are. 31. Device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that that the force cylinders (16) have a common pressure medium control. 32. Device according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that that the power cylinder with its cylinder ends on a support frame on the outer formwork (14) are attached and with their piston rods (17) the end face of the inner core (13) pressurize. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, characterized in that the piston rods (17) in tightly fitting protective sleeves on the end face of the inner core (13) (18) are performed.