DE2703342A1 - MOERTEL AND ITS USE FOR COATING THERMAL INSULATION PANELS - Google Patents

Description

HOFFMANN · KITLE & PAIlTNEH

PAT E N TAN AVALTE V 7 ft "i ^ A>

DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN (1930-1776) · DI PL.-IN GW E ITLE · D K. RE «. NAT. K. HOFFMANN DIPl. -ING. W. IEHN

DIPL.-ING. K. FOCHSLE DR. RER. NAT. B. HANSEN ARABELASTKASSE 4 (STAR HOUSE). D-BOOO MO N CH EN 81 · TELEPHONE (089) »11087. TELEX 05-2961? (PATHE)

28 948

United Steinwerke GmbH, Essen-Kupferdreh

Mortar and its use for coating thermal insulation panels

The invention relates to a mortar containing filler, hydraulic Binder, cellulose or derivatives thereof and an alkali-resistant plastic that contains a surfactant protective colloid, that its surface-active effect when exposed to

2 +
Ca ionon is essentially able to lose, as well as its

Use for coating thermal insulation panels.

External insulation systems with rigid foam panels, for example made of polystyrene or polyurethane using lattice reinforcement

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ten filler or plaster mortars, some of which are synthetic resin-treated, and the final coat of paints or dispersion plasters aufv / iron are known. However, the application of such systems is associated with a considerable amount of work, since the The panels placed on the substrate are first primed with a plastic-modified mortar in successive work steps a glass fiber mesh fabric is ironed into the wet spatula, then the fabric is puttied over again and after several days of drying is only then provided with the required primer. Apply to the dried primer then a top coat with a plastic-bonded one Dispersion plaster or paint, which may be pigmented, is applied.

This way of working is tedious and wage-intensive due to the many consecutive work steps.

The aforementioned putties, in addition to fillers modified plastic dispersions' jzw. -powder as well as cement optionally in combination with lime as a mineral binder contain, have the disadvantage that they absorb water when exposed to rain or other moisture. Besides their surface can generally not be designed in a decorative way. It is therefore necessary to provide this with an additional Top coat - paint or plaster - against the effects of moisture to protect. The usual mineral external plasters, e.g. scratch plaster, are used for this, although they have a decorative appearance have, due to the thermal stresses occurring when exposed to temperature, not suitable, which is too high The modulus of elasticity and the associated insufficient tensile strength of these external plasters can be traced back to '.

The invention is based on the object of creating a mortar, the in a substantially homogeneous, single layer the

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Influences of moisture and temperature loads of the weather has grown even when placed on a relatively elastic, heat-insulating material. This mortar is intended in particular by means of suitable spraying machines or when processing with a trowel to be applied in a single operation.

The invention is also based on the object of creating a mortar in which an embedded fiberglass grating is reliable is protected against the effects of moisture. In particular, a plastic-modified plaster is to be provided, which in the usual Way is scratchable, so that the resulting scratch plaster surface in appearance and structure of the mineral scratch plaster surface largely the same.

This object is achieved by the mortar characterized in the claims. This contains filler as basic components, hydraulic binders, cellulose or derivatives and an alkali-resistant plastic that contains a protective colloid, the its surface-active effect in the case of obfuscation is essentially able to forfeit.

2+ its surface-active effect when exposed to Ca ions

Stone, marble or other granulates or sands with a grain size of 0.01 can be used as fillers and structure-bound grains up to about 5 mm can be used, whereby the largest grain thickness can determine the structure of the surface. A preferred size range the filler is 0.5 to 3 mm.

According to the invention, the hydraulic binding agent used is primarily Portland cement, optionally with lime or hydrated lime may be inflicted.

The mortar also contains cellulose or derivatives thereof due to their water retention capacity for the setting of a hydraulic: Binders can contribute. As cellulose derivatives, both

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for example methyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose listed will. However, other known materials with water retention effect, for example casein, can also be used in certain Embodiments of the invention may be used.

In principle, synthetic resins that are alkali-resistant, have a low tendency to absorb water and are hydrophobic in nature can be used. The hydrophobization of the plastic can be controlled in part via the groups introduced therein, since the water-repellent nature of certain substituent groups is known. With a given plastic, by increasing the branching of the polymer chain, for example, steric hindrance to the access of water can be brought about. The reading water-blocking effect of the synthetic resin can be supplemented by the water-repellent effect of the Ca or Mg ions precipitated from the surfactant-emulsifier protective colloid , water-insoluble layer or the precipitate. Although the plastic materials usually used on the coating of hot plates are less suitable because their hydrophobic nature is still insufficient, their use with a particularly suitable surfactant protective colloid system in the mortar according to the invention can still be considered if the from the called system formed Ca- or Mg-containing "barrier layer" is relatively tight. As such, commonly used materials can be mentioned, for example, butadiene-styrene polymers, co- or terpolymers, polyvinyl acetates, styrene-acrylate dispersions, polyacrylate dispersions, Polyvinlypropionate etc., all of which are more or less resistant to alkali

In the context of the invention, alkali-resistant ones are in particular Copolymers of vinyl acetate and carboxylic acid vinyl esters are preferred. Among these compounds are in turn those

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particularly advantageous, those in the carboxylic acid group, which are advantageous represents a monocarboxylic acid group, are highly branched.

The synthetic resin dispersions used or the dispersions or dispersions produced from the plastic powder used with mixing water. Suspensions are usually more or less strongly hydrophilized due to the content of protective colloids. This will make the hydrophobic nature of the synthetic resin body initially "covered". When choosing a protective colloid that has a surface-active effect loses under the influence of migrating ions, e.g. calcium and / or magnesium ions from the components of the mortar the hydrophobic barrier effect of the synthetic resin body can be used to the full to protect the embedded glass fabric. The loss the surface-active nature of such "protective colloids" or "Emulsifiers" can be created, for example, by complexing the material used, by forming insoluble precipitates etc., due to the immigrating calcium ions, which usually come from the hydraulic and / or mineral binders, be evoked. This gives the "blocking" effect of the alkali-resistant synthetic resin to protect the embedded fiberglass grating full to wear.

In the investigations on which the invention is based, it has been found to be particularly advantageous to use the plastic special choice of these constituents to be designed so that it already has a moisture that may occur opposed steric hindrance. In the preferred according to one embodiment of the invention copolymer of vinyl acetate and The vinyl ester of a branched, long-chain monocarboxylic acid, for example, has shown an increase in long-term water resistance Use of an even more branched carboxylic acid component can be achieved.

These effects are based on a hydraulic binder interaction and emulsifying or occurring as a protective colloid

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i! 7Ü3342

Based on surfactants, can by the addition of metal fatty acid salt, · such as sodium stearate, zinc stearate, etc., in some cases are reinforced.

Particularly preferred can be a copolymer of the Versatic acid vinyl ester (under the name “Versatic acid” is generally understood to mean synthetic fatty acids, but in particular mixtures of predominantly tertiary ones Carboxylic acids with strong branches, e.g. Versatic 911 from Shell-Chemie), with vinyl acetate, which is used as a protective colloid under contains other polyvinyl alcohol, which is sold under the name ELOTEX WS 4 5 by Dr. M. Ebnöther AG Chemical Factory, Sempach, Switzerland. With the said Resin enters the water-barrier properties when combined with the hydraulic binder in the mortar according to the invention relatively quickly.

As surfactant systems, they also have emulsifier properties should possess, those can be named, which, as already mentioned, in the presence of immigrating calcium or magnesium ions tend to form insoluble precipitates. Although the exact mechanism of the beneficial effect of such Surfactant systems is currently not secured, the beneficial effect seems to be based at least in part on that these systems in the presence of immigrating calcium or. Magnesium ions through the formation of insoluble precipitates build a "barrier". Such surfactant systems with emulsifier properties can be, for example, soaps, in particular Alkali soaps such as Na, Ka salts of low molecular weight fatty acids of abietic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxycarboxylic acid, e.g. Ricinol fatty acid and / or petroleum sulfonates, etc. may be mentioned. The surfactant system can bring its advantageous effect to effect in particular with those synthetic resins used that have the highest possible branching and thus steric hindrance. It is necessary that the synthetic resins or synthetic resin systems not only have a low water absorption, but

809831/0113 _ ₇ _

also after "collapse" of the surfactant-protective colloid system, the advantageously has emulsifying properties, e.g. due to the at least partial precipitation of a barrier layer provoked by the immigration of calcium and / or magnesium ions insoluble, calcium-containing precipitate has a hydrophobing effect Have an effect. Both the nature of the plastic and the selected surfactant system contribute to this.

With the optional addition of pearlite, which is preferred, the mortar remains as a result of the low rate of water evaporation longer open so that it is possible to work even in very warm weather. The "open time" allows the plaster to be used to edit a scratching tool, so that a scratched area of the same appearance and structure as with mineral high-grade scratch plaster. Of course, it is also possible to use the To work on the surface with structural tools in order to achieve any other desired structures, such as trowel plaster, patch plaster, etc. Although the use of expanded perlite is preferred, so other expansion materials, such as vermiculite, etc. can also be used according to the invention.

The proportions of the main components of the mortar according to the invention as well as the additional components that may be added can be varied within wide ranges. A particularly preferred one Composition contains 40-80% filler, 15-40% hydraulic Binder and possibly lime (hydrate), 0.1 to 5% cellulose (derivatives) and 1-20% alkali-resistant plastic, based on the dry weight of the mixture, as well as mixing water.

This combination can contain, for example, 0.2 to 10% by weight Perlite can be added. Period additives, which are 10% by weight of the dry matter are not preferred because the coating weight drops too much.

In some embodiments of the invention, it may also be desirable by adding synthetic resin fibers, e.g. polyacrylonitrile,

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Polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyacrylate fiber One size of, for example, 0.8 to 2 mm to achieve an improvement in the elastic properties of the mortar. Other advantages are an increase in flexural strength and good thixotropic properties of the mass. When using synthetic fibers is their use in an amount of about 0.1 to 5% by weight is preferred.

It can also sometimes be useful to add air-entraining agents to be used in an amount of about 0.01 to 0.05% by weight, e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate. In this case, a Combination of sodium lauryl sulfate with zinc stearate work.

Finally, there are also pigments or plastic color dispersions in the mortar be introduced. It can also be useful to prevent efflorescence using alkali or alkaline earth carbonates, e.g. sodium carbonate and highly condensed phosphates as rust inhibitors.

Through special combinations of the mortar according to the invention added constituents can have particularly beneficial effects in individual cases. So can the setting of the hydraulically hardening binder, the amount of water required, preferably through a combination of perlite with cellulose or a cellulose derivative are made available, which allows a slower water release, so that the plaster according to the invention without Consideration of flush mounting or higher outside temperatures can set properly without "burning".

The use of the mortar according to the invention is a Achieved number of advantages. These consist primarily in the fact that the wall plaster now for the first time consists of a single, essentially homogeneous layer can be formed. In contrast to multilayered, temperature stresses can be inhomogeneous Layers no longer have a detrimental effect. The single-layer application of the plaster results in considerable savings

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Working hours achieved. Nevertheless it could be shown through experiments that the hydrolysis-sensitive glass fabric in a long-term test is reliably protected. For example, the average values of test tests showed water absorption at Use of ELOTEX WS 45 from only 0.140 kg / m h;. ' which is far below the permissible limit. Modified penetration attempts with a pressure tube and a water column of 12 cm (corresponds to a wind pressure of around force 12, as described by Grünau in "Façade and water balance of the wall") a water absorption of 0.2OO kg / m² after 30 minutes.

The production of the mortar according to the invention is extremely simple. This can be done, for example, that the dry portions are presented and mixed well and then mixed with mixing water be moved. It is expedient here to introduce the fillers and the constituents to be introduced therein in small amounts to distribute homogeneously. If the selected plastic-surfactant system is not used in the form of a dispersion but as a powder, When adding the mixing water, it is advisable to let the mixture "ripen" for a while, e.g. 10 minutes, and then shortly before Use to mix once more.

The one-layer plaster according to the invention can either be sprayed can be applied in a single step or in two steps using the trowel method. The saved Working time brings a noticeable decrease in execution prices.

The invention is further illustrated below in examples.
example 1

35O GT sand, gravel or granules in a sieving of 1-2.5mm

255.9 GT quartz sand 0.5-1 mm
100 GT quartz sand 0.2-0.5 mm

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- 1O -

• ν ο

200 GT white portland cement

60 pbw white lime hydrate

10 GT Perlite 0-1 inm

1 pbw of methyl cellulono powder

2.5 pbw of sodium or zinc stearate

0.3 GT polyacrylonitrile fibers 2 now = 6.7 dtex.

0.3 GT polyethylene fibers 0.8 mm = 0.7-1.5 dtex.

2O GT titanium dioxide or colored pigments

1OOO GT

This dry mixture v / ground 80-100 GT of a special plastic dispersion on from vinyl versatate with a branched long-chain monocarboxylic acid or 40-50 GT powder of the aforementioned Type and the corresponding amount of water added.

Example 2

300 GT sand, gravel or granules in the screening of 2-5 well, _ _Λ quartz sand 0.5-2 mm> 5 ° or

Stone sand 0.2-0.5 mm

160 GT white portland cement 80 GT white lime

5 GT perlite O-1 mm

1 part by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose

2 GT silicone powder

0.05 pbw Sodium Lauryl Sulphate 60 GT Elotex dispersion WS 4

or
30 GT Elotex powder WS 4 5 (manufacturer Ebnöther)

- 11-

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Claims (19)

PATENTAN SePi-IR Ü C H E 1. Mortar containing filler, hydraulic binder, cellulose or derivatives thereof and an alkali-resistant one Plastic that contains a surfactant protective colloid, 2+ that its surface-active effect when exposed to Ca - resp. 2+
Mg ions is essentially able to lose. 2. Mortar according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains perlite. 3. Mortar according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that it also contains synthetic fibers. 4. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally has at least one Has metal fatty acid salt. 5. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it additionally comprises silicone resin. 6. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also has air-entraining agents contains. 7. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler is quartz sand, gravel and / or marble or stone granules. 8. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydraulic binder Portland cement, possibly with the addition of hydrated lime. 809831/0113 _ ₁₂ . ORIGINAL INSPECTED 9. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkali-resistant plastic a copolymer! sat of vinyl acetate and the vinyl ester of highly branched long-chain carboxylic acid, which is preferably a Represents monocarboxylic acid is. 10. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective colloid is in the presence Forms precipitates insoluble in Ca ions. 11. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective colloid is polyvinyl alcohol contains. 12. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective colloid is alkali soaps of abietic acid and / or petroleum sulfonate. 13. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 40-80% filler, 15-40% hydraulic binder and possibly lime (hydrate), 0.1-5% Cellulose (derivatives) and 1-20% alkali-resistant plastic, based on the dry weight of the mixture, as well as mixing water contains. 14. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 0.2-10 wt.% Perlite, 0.1-5 % By weight synthetic fiber, 0.1-2% by weight metal fatty acid salt and / or 0, ΟΙΟ, Contains 05% by weight of air-entraining agent. 15. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains 60-7 5% filler, 20-30% hydraulic binder, 2-3% cellulose (derivative), 5-12 % - 33 - 809831/0113 - ys, - Plastic and possibly 0.8-2.5% perlite, based on the dry weight of the mixture. 16. Mortar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains alkali and / or alkaline earth carbonates and possibly highly condensed phosphate. 17. Use of the mortar according to one of the preceding claims for the coating of thermal insulation panels, especially made of polystyrene hardwood. 18. Use of the mortar according to one of the preceding claims with embedded fiberglass grating for the purpose mentioned in claim 17. 19. Use of the mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 16 in an essentially homogeneous single layer, possibly with the embedding of glass fiber grating, for the purpose of claim 17. 809831/0113