DE2660637C2 - TRANSPORT DEVICE, CONSISING OF A REMOVABLE CONTAINER AND A TRANSPORT VEHICLE - Google Patents

Description

- A downwardly open, essentially semicircular notch (116) for detection a cylindrical pin (118) on the opposite of the pivot axis (109) for the door (107) End edge (119) thereof; and

- A ramp (117) rising backwards and upwards; wherein a coil spring (123) additionally between the locking lever (110; 111; 112) and a fixed point (hole 125) clamped on the container (102) below the pivot pin (113) of the locking lever is to the locking lever under the superimposed effects of gravity and the spring (123) to pull down, and wherein the pin (118) with the ramp (117) of the Locking lever (110; 111; 112) for lifting the same cooperates when closing the door (107).

8. Transport device according to one of claims 4 to

7, characterized in that the container (102) has at least two locking levers (110; 111; 112) which are connected to one another by a vertical rod (122) which is attached to each locking lever with a parallel to the pivot pin (113), but in the Central part (120) of the lever engaging bolt (121) is articulated in such a way that the Verregeiungshebel (110; IU; 112) are always parallel within a vertical plane when they are stacked vertically stay to each other.

9. Transport device according to claim 8, characterized in that the lower locking lever (110) is arranged near the bottom of the container (102) and the middle part (120) of this The locking lever (110) is firmly connected to a bracket (128) which extends down to a roller (129), which cooperates with the hydraulic lifting system (141, 145) of the transport vehicle (101).

10. Transport device according to claims or 9, characterized in that on the container (102) an L-shaped lever (133) around a pin (132) is pivotably articulated, the axis of which is substantially horizontal in a transverse plane of the container extends, this lever (133) extending from the pivot pin (132) upward and a long lever arm terminating in a handle (134) and one extending from the pivot pin

(132) rearwardly extending and in one eye (136) for engaging a parallel to the pivot pin (132) directed bolt (130) ending short lever arm (135) and the middle part (120) of the lowermost of the locking lever (110) fixed bolt (130) has a diameter smaller than d · ". Inner diameter of the eye (136) has slight changes in the relative distance to allow the pivot axes, and wherein the pivoting movements of the L-shaped lever (133) and the locking lever (110, 111 and 112) reversible manner are coupled with one another in such a way that the door (107) by pushing forward the The handle is (134) can be unlocked while the long lever arm of the L-shaped lever (133) is pivoted forward by itself when the lifting system (141, 145) of the vehicle is actuated.

11. Transport device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the lifting system has a power cylinder (145), the axis of which in a perpendicular plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle is substantially horizontal remains, the front end of the power cylinder (145) at a fixed point (bolt 147) of the Vehicle and the rear end of the power cylinder are hinged to a shoe (141) which is around a essentially horizontal and transverse to the vehicle fixed pin (139) pivotable and a support surface (142) carries which within the loading area (103) of the vehicle (101) disappears when the power cylinder (145) is retracted, but when the Power cylinder (145) rises above the loading area (103) in order to simultaneously activate all locking levers (110, 111 and 112) by pressing against the lowest locking lever (110) got.

12. Transport device according to claim 11, characterized in that the lifting system (141, 145) in a recess (137) on the side edge of the loading area (103) is housed, which is to the rear is limited by a lateral extension (138) of the loading area (iJj), the pivot pin (139) for the shoe (141) carried by a bracket (140) attached to this extension (138) and wherein the system remains set back with respect to the width of the entire loading area (103).

13. Transport device according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that the vehicle (101) has two lifting systems (141, 145) on the left and right, which are symmetrical to one another with respect to the vertical median longitudinal plane of the vehicle are arranged and function of the vehicle in Allow connection with containers whose doors open to the left or right.

The invention relates to a transport device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Transport devices of this type are used to transport bulk goods, in particular household waste.

It is known (DE-Gbm 73 10 955), with such transport devices, the container at the front end an opening for detecting an ejector shield arranged in it without a drive through one on the

Equip the transport vehicle arranged in front of the container hydraulic telescopic cylinder, its Stroke corresponds to the displacement path of the ejector plate in the container. When the telescopic cylinder is retracted is, the ejector shield is in the retracted position at the front end of the the transport vehicle loaded container, and this can consequently be loaded, for example with Fill compacted household garbage. Then the door of the container is closed, and the whole The transport device is moved to a waste disposal site or to a waste treatment plant. As well as the vehicle has arrived there, the rear door of the vehicle is opened, and the one actuating the ejector plate Telescopic cylinder extends to eject garbage through the door opening of the bin. The empty one Container is then returned to the garbage loading-compaction station, where it is removed from the transport vehicle is lifted off and placed in a storage and waiting area. The vehicle then takes over one another full container and the process begins again.

The known transport device has the advantage over previous designs that the arrangement of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder on the transport vehicle only requires a single such cylinder is to use the ejector shield for any number of containers provided with unpowered ejector shields to be able to operate. The disadvantage, however, is that the rear before the unloading of the container The container door must be opened by hand, which not only means additional work, but also brings with it the risk that the vehicle driver opens the door prematurely falling garbage comes into contact and thereby at least dirty, if not injured will.

In principle, this risk could be eliminated by opening the container with hydraulic drives and closing the container door. However, this means a considerable effort that is further increased by the fact that a special hydraulic unit is used to avoid a separate hydraulic unit Coupling device would have to be provided by means of which the hydraulics of the container when loading is connected to the transport vehicle with the unit arranged there. The object of the invention is to avoid this disadvantage, which with the help of the characterizing features of claim 1 he follows.

Advantageous refinements of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

The following description of two in the drawing serves to provide a better understanding of the invention illustrated preferred embodiments. It shows

F i g. 1 a schematic side view of a transport device according to the invention in its driving position,

F i g. 2 a similar view, partly in longitudinal section, with the rear container door in the open position and the Ausstouerschild in readiness position,

Fig.3 is a similar view as in Fig.2 with the Ejector shield at the end of its ejection stroke,

4 shows the side view of a first embodiment of the invention at the left rear corner of the transport container or transport vehicle with the Door in locked position and door drive in rest position,

F i g. 5 is a perspective view of the rear left corner of the container in the position according to FIG. 4,

6 shows the rear left corner of the loading area of the transport vehicle in a perspective representation the in F i g. 4 position shown,

F i g. 7 the corresponding position of the controls for the door in the locked position,

FIG. 8 shows a representation similar to that in FIG. 7 open door,

F i g. 9 the same side view as in FIG. 4 with the door open,

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the rear end of the container in a modified embodiment of the invention with a container door there opening to the side in Closed position,

FIG. 11 shows the same top view as in FIG. 10 at open door,

12 shows an enlarged side view in the viewing direction according to arrow 111 in FIG. 10,

13 shows an even further enlarged section from Fig. 12,

14 shows the same section as in FIG. 13, but with the locking system in the unlocked state Position,

15 shows a plan view of FIGS. 13 and 14 in still larger scale and

16 is a perspective view of the unlocking mechanism at the rear of the vehicle.

1 shows a semitrailer 1 which is coupled to a tractor 2. The loading area 10 of the Semitrailer 1 carries a container 3.

The container consists of:

- A parallelepiped hollow body 4;

- A rear door 5, which is tiltable about an upper pivot axis 6, on which the door with Rocker 7 is attached;

- Driver pieces 8, known under the name "corner fittings", for receiving the gripper of a Lifting device of the type referred to as “spreader”;

- an inner ejector plate 9 (Fig. 2 to 4), which for emptying the garbage or other bulk material present in the container through the open Door 5 can be pushed backwards.

By means of the driver pieces 8, the lifting device, not shown, is capable of opening the container 3 in a known manner Raised in a manner and set down either on the ground or on the bed of the semi-trailer.

Inside a bracket 14 are the hydraulic organs for controlling the ejector shield 9. The hydraulic organs mainly consist of a large horizontal power cylinder 19. Preferably it is a telescopic cylinder with five stages 20, 21, 22, 23 and 24. The stage 20 is the smallest Diameter is attached to the bracket 14 at a point 85 (Figure 3). The step 24 of the largest diameter has the Task of grasping the shield 9 and moving backwards. For this purpose, the Step 24 a guide block 27 for grasping the sign 9.

The intermediate stage 22 also carries a guide block 29.

When the power cylinder 19 is in the retracted position (FIG. 2), the guide pieces 27 are and 29 carried by two rails 31 fixed on the bed 10 of the semi-trailer.

At the rear in each of its two corners, the semitrailer 1 has a hydraulically operated lifting system

32 on (Figs. 4-9). Each of these two systems 32 consists of:

- an upper T-bar 33;

- a lower T-beam 34;

- two handlebars 35 and 36 that go through in their middle an axle pin 37 are connected to each other in such a way that they are an extendable mechanism according to Form a kind of "Nuremberg scissors";

- A horizontal hydraulic power cylinder 38, the housing of which is against the chassis of the The semi-trailer is supported while its piston rod engages an axis 39, which is at the lower front end of the handlebar 36 is attached;

- one in the vertical web of the T-beam 34 incised elongated hole 40 for receiving the axis 39 and its horizontal guidance when the Power cylinder 38 moves the axis 39 forwards or backwards;

- One at the rear end of the vertical web of the T-beam 24 attached axis 41 for articulation the rear end of the handlebar 35;

- An elongated hole 42 cut into the vertical web of the T-beam 33 for receiving a Axis 43 at the upper front end of the link 35 for the purpose of horizontal guidance of this axis when they moves forward or backward;

- A pivot 44 attached to the rear end of the vertical web of the T-beam 33 for articulation of the rear end of the handlebar 36.

It is clear that it is sufficient to extend the power cylinder 38 to the axis 39 to the rear move (Fig. 9, arrow 45) and the upper T-beam

33 (arrow 46), which executes a parallel movement.

At the rear end of the container 3 has one in the on both sides of the liftable door or flap F i g. 4,5 and 9 shown locking mechanism.

This mechanism consists of a vertical support 5S which extends in a vertical direction along the Outer wall of the container 3 is able to slide. In its upper area, each support 59 has a top down downward elongated hole 60, in which a transverse bolt 61 engages, which is attached to the corresponding The swing arm 7 is attached. The cross bolt is located behind the pivot axis 6 of the door 5. As a result it is sufficient to lift the supports 59 (FIG. 8, arrow 62) in order to fold up the door about the pivot axis 6.

At its lower end, each support 59 has a transverse axis 63 on which a roller 64 is loosely mounted. The transverse axis 63 penetrates an elongated hole 65 which is cut in an arm 66, the front end of which is at 67 is hinged to the side wall of the container 3 in the lower area tubular crank pin is formed which is attached to a crank arm 68. This is therefore non-rotatably on the Arm 66 set with which it can pivot. The end of the crank arm 68 is connected to an axis 69 one end of a connecting rod 70 gelagc-t the other The end of a pivot axis 71 carries this is from the back of a hook 72 between its mouth 73 and the Pivot axis 74 of the hook carried. The mouth 73 of the hook is up and towards the rear end of the container 3 directed. The axis 74 extends transversely to the wall of the container 3. The axis 71 is arranged below the axis 74.

At its lower part, the door 5 has two transverse claws 75 which extend on both sides of the container 3 extend. Each claw 75 is provided with a transverse pin 76 behind which the The mouth 73 of the corresponding hook 72 is able to engage when the door 5 is in the closed position (FIGS. 1, 4 and 5) is locked.

The mode of action is as follows:

When the container 3 stands alone, i. H. for example, is deposited on the ground, he has nothing hydraulic organ on. The rear door or flap 5 is locked in the closed position (FIG. 5).

In order to pick up the container 3 from the floor, one uses the above-mentioned "spreader" or the Grab of an overhead crane. The container 3 is lifted onto the semi-trailer 1 (Fig. 1) whereupon he is progressively deposited on the loading area 10 of the semi-trailer.

At the end of the lowering movement of the container, fork pieces on a cross member 51 of the shield 9 automatically come into engagement with the driving claws of the power cylinder 19 . Finally, the entire arrangement is in the form shown in FIG. 1 transport position shown.
To empty the container 3 of its contents, one begins to extend the rear power cylinders 38. According to the position according to FIGS. 6 and 7, this causes the start of the lifting of the supports 59, during this first phase of movement the door 5 remains immobile with respect to its pivot axis 6, in that the elongated hole 60 of each support 59 executes an upward movement in relation to the transverse bolt 61, which remains immobile until it comes to rest against the lower edge of the elongated hole 60.
On the other hand, this first movement phase pulls the erection of the crank arm 68 on the connecting rod 70 and causes the hook 72 to pivot, the mouth 73 of which lowers and releases the locking pin 76 of the door. This is consequently released.

When the T-beams 33 and thus the supports 59 are raised further, the door 5 is opened, the bolts 61 of which rest against the lower edges of the elongated holes 60 so that the door 5 swings up about its pivot axis 6, as indicated by the arrows 80 ( Fig. 8 and 9) is indicated.

From now on, the telescopic cylinder 19 can be extended, the driving claws of which the ejector shield push back after it has been unlocked The guide of the telescopic cylinder 19 and the Ejector shield 9 is ensured by rails.

It can be seen that the mere fact that the container 3 is placed on the semi-trailer 1 of itself performs all the functions required for locking and unlocking, as does the entire unit is immediately ready for use

A modified one is shown in FIGS. 10 to 16 Embodiment of the invention with a semitrailer shown only with the rear end of its loading area 103 101 and a container 102 resting thereon

The container consists of:

A parallelepiped hollow body 104;

- a number of peripheral reinforcement belts,

which completely covers the body 104 in several transverse planes which follow one another from the front to the rear surrounded and of which the last reinforcement belt 105 and the penultimate reinforcement belt 106 can be seen;

a rear door 107 for closing a rear container opening 108 or for open the same by pivoting about a fixed vertical axis 109 on the container (Fig. 10 and 11).

15th

20th

The modification relates in particular to the locking system for the door 107 at the opening 108 of the Container 102 (Figs. 12 and 13).

On the container side, this locking system consists only of mechanical elements, while all hydraulic elements on the semi-trailer 101 are combined.

Three locking levers 110, 111 and 112 of essentially the same design are in a vertical position Direction along the left side wall of the hollow body 104 opposite the outside of this wall. Each lever is flattened parallel to this side wall and with its front end on each hinged to a pivot 113, the substantially horizontal axis of which is in a transverse plane of the Container is arranged. Each pivot pin is mounted in its fork 114, which is at the rear a vertical left member of the reinforcement belt 106 is attached.

The rear end of each locking lever 110, 111 or 112 is designed as a hook 115, its lower profile, seen from the front to the rear, initially consists of a semicircular notch 116 and then a ramp 117 inclined backwards and upwards. The notch 116 is used for detection a cylindrical pin 118, which on the axis

109 opposite vertical end edge 119 of the Door 107 is attached.

Each locking lever 110, 111 or 112 finally has a straight central part 120, which is always in the is directed essentially horizontally and penetrated by a bolt 121, with the aid of which the locking lever articulated to a vertical Hubsiange 122 in such a way is that the three locking levers always remain parallel to each other. Each locking lever is constant biased downwards by a helical spring 123, which is inclined between a hole 124 in the central part 120 of the lever and a hole 125 in one on the reinforcement belt 106 below the fork piece 114 welded tab 126 is braced.

The three hooks Ü5 protrude beyond the container opening 108 to the rear by passing through recesses 127 extend in the left vertical element of the reinforcement belt 105, while no part of the mecha must protrude laterally over the container, the overall width of which is that of the reinforcement belts 105 and 106 is (Fig. 13).

The middle part 120 of the lower locking lever

110 is also firmly united with a bracket 128, which extends downwards and carries a roller 129, the axis of which is directed parallel to the axis of the pivot pin 113, and also extends upwards and there carries a bolt 130 with an axis parallel to the aforementioned axis The fork piece 114, to which the pivot lever 110 is articulated, has a rearwardly directed extension 131. A pivot pin 132 fastened to this extension protrudes transversely through a lever 133, which extends upwards from the pivot pin 132 with a long lever arm and in a handle 134 ends. A short lever arm 135 of the lever 133 extends rearwardly from the pivot pin 132 and terminates in an eye 136 which engages the bolt 130. The eye 136 is larger in diameter than the bolt 130 to allow normal movement of the mechanism without jamming.
The part of the locking system located on the semitrailer is accommodated in a recess 137 which is arranged at the rear end on the left edge of the loading area 103 and is limited to the rear by a transverse extension 138 of the loading area 103. A transverse pivot pin 139 is attached at its inner end to the loading area 103 and at its outer end to a bracket 140 which extends forward from the extension 138 (FIG. 16).

The pivot pin 139 passes through a shoe 141, consisting of:

A support surface 142 for cooperation with the roller 129;

- A transverse stop 143 for starting against the bracket 140 and

- A pivot pin 144, with the help of which the Shoe 141 is hinged to the rear end of a power cylinder 145, the front end can be pivoted about a fork piece 146 by means of a bolt 147. The fork piece 146 is at the attached to the front boundary surface of the recess 137, and the axis of the power cylinder 145 pivots about a horizontal position in a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the semitrailer 101.

The mode of operation of the arrangement described above is as follows:

When the rear door 107 normally closes the container opening 108, the three are tenons 118 captured by the notches 116, since the locking levers 110, 111 and 112 simultaneously after are listed below (Fig. 12), namely:

- by gravity due to their own weight and

- by springs 123.

The locking of the door 107 is therefore always guaranteed, regardless of whether the container 102 is on the semi-trailer 101 is or not.

In order to unlock the door 107, a pressure medium is fed into the interior of the power cylinder 145 until it expands and the shoe 141 is pivoted in the direction indicated by the arrow 148 (FIG. 13). The support surface 142 is thereby raised to a level above the loading surface 103 and begins to ^{lift the bracket 128 with the aid of the 1} roller 129. The three locking levers 110, 111 and 112 pivot upwards simultaneously and the pins 118 disengage from the notches 116 so that the door 107 can be opened.

The movement of the shoe 141 indicated by the arrow 148 in FIG. 13 is caused by the contact of the Transverse stop 143 against the bracket 140 is limited

At the same time as the locking levers 110, 111 and 112 are pivoted up, the lever 133 pivots

in the direction of arrow 149.

Conversely, you can raise the three locking levers 110,111 and 112 at the same time that one manually operated the lever 133 in the direction of arrow 149, regardless of whether the Container 102 is on the trailer 101 or not.

It can be seen that just placing the container 102 on the semi-trailer 101 by simple vertical lowering by itself creates the connection between the on the container 102 arranged mechanical elements for locking the door and for remaining on the vehicle or semi-trailer 101 arranged hydraulic control elements causes.

Although in the illustrated Ausfünrungsbeispic! the

Locking lever 110, Ul and 112 on the left are arranged, it goes without saying that they are just as perfectly symmetrical on the right-hand side Arrangement with respect to the vertical median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and with respect to the Longitudinal median plane of the container *, could be arranged, when the pivot axis 109 of the door 107 is on the left.

Since the hydraulisehe attached to the semitrailer Control device in the normal position completely disappears below the level of the loading area, can the semitrailer can be provided with a hydraulic control device on both sides in order to to accommodate independent containers with a rear door that is either to the right or to the left opens.

For this purpose 10 sheets of drawings

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Transport device, on the one hand consisting of a closed container with an inside longitudinally displaceable ejector plate and a rear lockable door and on the other hand consisting of a transport vehicle with a loading area for placing and aligned anchoring of any interchangeable such container, characterized in that the hydraulic organs (power cylinder are arranged 101) and firmly connected therewith, while the container (3;; 38; 145) for controlling the container door (5; 107) continuously on the vehicle (1, 2, 102) for controlling the door (5; 107) mechanical Has members whose connection with the hydraulic elements (power cylinder 38; 145) of the vehicle (1,2; 10i) takes place automatically when the container (3; 102) is placed on the loading surface (10; 103) . 2. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading area (10) at the rear each of its corners is provided with a hydraulic lifting system (32), which consists of: 25th - An up and down movable upper T-beam (33); - a fixed lower T-bar (34); - two in the manner of "Nuremberg scissors" to form an extendable mechanism in jo their longitudinal center articulated links (35 and 36); - A horizontal power cylinder (38), the housing part of which is against the chassis of the Vehicle (1, 2) supported while its piston rod attached to one at the lower and front ends of the first link (36) Pivot axis (39) is articulated; - An elongated hole worked into the upright web of the lower T-beam (34) (40) for receiving the pivot axis (39) of the first link (36) and for its horizontal guidance when the power cylinder (38) moves forwards or backwards; - A fixed axis (41) at the rear end of the upright web of the lower T-beam (34) for articulating the rear lower end of the second link (35); - One incorporated into the web of the upper T-beam (33) directed vertically downwards Long hole (42) for receiving an axle (43) at the upper front end of the second link (35) and for the horizontal guidance of this axis, if it is in it forwards or backwards relocated; - A fixed rear axle (44) at the rear end of the web of the upper T-beam (33) Articulation of the upper rear end of the first link (36), 60 wherein an extension of the power cylinder (38) results in that the lower end of the first link (36) is pushed backwards and thereby the upper T-beam (33) is raised parallel to itself. 3. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that the container (3) at the rear End and on both sides of the foldable door (5) each one composed of the following parts Mechanism has: - A vertically rising and vertically displaceable support (59) at the upper end has a vertically extending elongated hole (60) for the engagement of a transverse bolt (61), which is attached to a corresponding upper rocker (7) of the flip-up door (5); - At the lower end of the support (59) a transverse axis (63) on which a roller (64) rotates is mounted and which penetrates an elongated hole (65), which is in one with its front end an arm (66) hinged (at 67) to the container (3) is incorporated; - A crank arm (68) connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the arm (66), which via a connecting rod (70) with a hook (72) is coupled, which around an axis (74) attached to the container (3) is pivotable, the mouth (73) of the hook (72) directed backwards and upwards is; and - one attached to the door (5) of the container (3) and with a transverse pin (76) provided lateral claw (75) with the pin the mouth (73) of the hook (72) in engagement arrives when the support (59) provided with the roller (64) assumes its lower position, while when the support (59) is raised by means of the lifting system (32) which grips the roller (64) the mouth (73) of the hook (72) is lowered and the door (5) is unlocked. 4. Transport device according to claim 1, in which the container door can be pivoted about a vertical axis arranged at the end of a side wall of the container, characterized by a locking system for the container door (107) which is composed of the following parts: - At least one locking lever (110; 111; 112), the pivot axis of which runs essentially horizontally in a transverse plane of the container (102) , the rear end of the locking lever having a hook (115) for engaging one on the pivot axis (109) of the door (107) on the opposite side of the container (102 ) carries a pin (118); and - At least one hydraulically actuated lifting system (141, 145) which is installed laterally at the rear end in the loading area (103) of the transport vehicle (101) and is able to interact with the locking mechanism of the container (102) above the loading area (103) . 5. Transport device according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking lever ( 110; 111; 112) is straight and parallel to a vertical side wall of the container (102) is arranged flat, while it is arranged opposite the outside of this wall so that it essentially maintains its horizontal position when pivoting in a vertical plane parallel to the wall. 6. Transport device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the rear end of the locking lever provided with the hook (115) bels (110; 111; 112) by one in a vertical Element of a last outer reinforcing belt (105) of the container (102) provided recess (127) protrudes to get behind the container opening (108), while the pivot pin (113) of the locking lever (HO; 111; 112) in a fork piece (114) on a vertical element of the penultimate outer reinforcement belt (106) of the container (102) is arranged such that the entire locking device with respect to that determined by the reinforcement belts (105 and 106) Overall width of the container (102) remains retracted. 7. Transport device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the hook (115) of each locking lever (110; 111; 112) of is bounded by a lower profile, which from front to back consists of: