DE2653099A1 - CONTAINERS ASSEMBLED FROM INDIVIDUAL PARTS, IN PARTICULAR LARGE CONTAINERS, AND THE PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 22, 1976 DR. GERHARD RATZEL ββοο Mannheim ι,

PATENT ADVERTISER 2653099 Seckenheirner Str.36a, Tel. (0621) 406315

File 8622 4s "* Postal checking account: Frankfurt / M No. 8293-603 W Bank: Deutsche Bank Mannheim No. 72/00066

Te I β g r.-Cod ·: Girpil Telex 463670 Para D

Dipl.-Ing. Joachim G r a g e Dompfaffenweg 4 6900 Heidelberg

Dipl.-Ing. Horst N i e m a η η Berliner Strasse 1 6902 Sandhausen

Containers composed of individual parts, especially large containers, as well as process for its preparation

The invention relates to a composite of individual elements Container, in particular large container, which is characterized in that the individual containers are made from such parts consist of at least one perforated insert having a surface structure, namely a plate or a grid that is surrounded with plastic, the individual elements at the joints of the Insert are integrally connected to each other and surrounded with plastic. The invention also relates to a method its manufacture.

809821 / OUB

^ 653099

According to the applicable transport regulations, for example Round containers up to a diameter of approx. 3.00 m can only be transported by road or rail. Therefore, it is necessary that, for example, in the case of steel containers with a larger diameter, the container in individual Parts, e.g. in the form of individual segments, are transported to the installation site and screwed together to form a complete container or welded together. There are also a number of options for concrete or wooden silos to screw together the complete container from individual parts only at the place of installation.

This segment design has the advantage, even with containers with a diameter of less than 3.00 m, that the Available transport space can be used much better than when transporting a finished container.

For economic reasons and also for reasons of chemical resistance of the container materials, one is for a long time, especially in chemical apparatus engineering, switched to making the containers from plastic. It has been shown that lamination constructions, with regard to the required strength, are very good thick and therefore very expensive. Thermoplastic plastics are not sufficient in terms of strength.

809821/0448

One has therefore to so-called GF-UP plastics ^ thermosets), These are fiber-reinforced polyester rakes, concentrated, with glass or asbestos fibers as reinforcement material, whereby but you always look up for the reasons given above smaller diameter, and therefore also - because the container height is not arbitrary for static and transport reasons can be enlarged, had to be limited to smaller volumes.

Containers made of such thermosetting plastics can be used as supporting parts, If necessary, the inside can also be lined with thermoplastics in order to achieve certain properties that are worthwhile in individual cases to reach.

Thermosets or other container parts made of load-bearing plastics now cause particular difficulties, if you make the containers from individual parts and assemble them at the installation site to form the finished container want. There are already a number of proposals and procedures for this, but they are either extremely cumbersome to carry out are and / or require specially trained professionals to carry out the connection process, who are at the construction sites, i.e. at the installation site, not always and at all are not available in sufficient numbers.

8O9821 / 0U8

2653039

The object of the invention is to remedy this deficiency when creating containers with walls made of thermoset or other to eliminate load-bearing plastics by a connection process that can be carried out in a simple manner at the installation site is created, which can also be carried out by unspoken specialists.

The essence of the present invention will be referred to below of the accompanying FIGS. 1 to 9, which represent preferred embodiments, are described in detail, with initially the individual elements of the container according to the invention and then the manufacturing process are presented.

Show it:

Figure 1 shows a cross section through two adjacent individual elements that are based on the invention Way connected to each other;

FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the representation of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of another embodiment of two individual elements connected to one another;
B09B21 / 0U8

Figure 4 is a plan view of the representation of Figure 3;

Figure 5 shows a third preferred embodiment two interconnected individual elements in cross section;

FIG. 6 shows a DrauiSleht on the representation according to Figure 5;

Figure? one embodiment of a connection of two mutually perpendicular individual elements, for example a sod wall connection;

Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of two together connected individual elements, for example wall-cover connection and

Figure 9 shows a further embodiment of two interconnected individual elements below Inclusion of a flange connection.

809821/0448

In Figure 1 and Figure 2, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the perforated inserts of two adjacent wall elements of the container according to the invention are denoted by the reference symbols 1 and 1 ', the reference symbols

2 and 2 ^f represent the plastic jacket, the reference numerals

3 and 3 * denote the facing free ends of the perforated inserts 1 or 1 ^f which are not initially covered with plastic and which are connected to one another in one piece in the region 6, for example soldered or welded. The openings in the inserts 1, 1 * are designated by the reference numerals 4 and 4 '. The reference number 5 denotes the plastic sleeve attached after the connection of the two perforated inlays has been effected, with an upper laminate having an adhesive joint 8, 8 'on its inside in the end regions 7 and 7'.

To explain FIG. 2, it should also be noted that the perforated insert 1 or 1 'is a so-called caterpillar plate is because it has numerous caterpillar-shaped beads 8 on its surface to increase the mechanical stability. in the otherwise corresponds to the meaning of the reference signs in Figure 2 identical to the meaning in FIG. 1.

809 * 21/0448

Figure 3 differs SiOH of Figure 1 only in that the figure 3 a perforated liner 1 or 1 ¹ means composed of a so-called checkered plate, having means of a sheet metal, the diamond-shaped adjacent to one another or to each other arranged rhombic beads. 9

Otherwise, the reference symbols in FIGS. 3 and 4 have the same meaning as in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 5 it is shown that the perforated inlays in each individual container element consist of two grids 10 and 11 or 10 'and 11' located at a distance from one another, these grids preferably being formed from a wire mesh. The spot welds on these wire meshes are denoted by the reference numerals 12 and 13. The term perforated insert also includes those grids in which the holes represent the spaces between the bars. In the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6, a plate, preferably a steel plate 14 or 14 ', is arranged in the respective end areas of the individual elements between the two grid layers, which are drawn in one piece with one another in area 6 as well as in the embodiments of FIGS are connected. The end areas of the two end-to-end plates, preferably steel plates 14 and 14 *, are not initially covered with plastic.

809821/0448

- JBT -

wraps and, as already explained above, only after the establishment of the one-piece connection with the plastic sleeve with overlaminate and glue joint with each other tied together.

FIG. 7 shows two individual elements placed vertically on top of one another 15 and 16 with the perforated insert in element 15 17 and the perforated insert 18 in the individual element 16 is arranged. The individual element 15 is with the plastic casing 19, the individual element 16 with the plastic casing 20, the end regions of the individual elements initially being free of plastic and a one-piece at point 21 Connection of the two vertically abutting ends of the perforated inlays by soldering, welding and the like is effected.

Then the knee 22 is molded out of plastic and with the overlaminate 23 is provided.

FIG. 8 shows an arrangement corresponding to FIG. 7, but, as already explained above, it is the case with FIG 8 to the formation of a deodorant or ceiling piece, the Connection area between the two outer perforated inlays H and 18 in the figure - not at the corner point - but at one

8O8821 / 0U8

-jf-

straight point of the perforated insert drawn vertically, namely at the point of the reference line 24.

Finally, FIG. 9 shows another one from the drawing denotes an understandable type of connection between two perforated inserts, namely by the flange connection 25.

Otherwise, mean the same in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 Reference symbols the same or corresponding elements.

It is now a very important aspect of the present invention, that the perforated inserts have the effect that the plastic surrounding them through the perforations, i.e. through the Holes of the deposits migrates through, or these holes also fills, so that an optimal strength and mechanical Stability of the individual elements of the composite container according to the invention and thus also of the composite container Container itself, is achieved; it has been shown, surprisingly, that this optimal connection and penetration of plastic and perforated insert, a structure is achieved that meets the diverse requirements, which are placed on solo large containers, especially in mechanical terms, are met in an optimal manner are.

809821 / 044-8

The normal way of applying the plastic wrapping of the perforated inlays is the usual ribbon winding or the vacuum drawing process, which is also known per se.

In the following, the production of the composite container according to the invention set forth:

809821/0448

ve -

This inventive method consists in that one

a) during the production of the individual plastic elements 2, 2 « at their later connecting edges 6 to other plastic elements or in the case of initially one-piece production in the area of the later separating and later connecting edges, roughly in the middle of the wall thickness when the wall is still wet and not excavated Plastic material weldable or solderable metal plates 14, 14 ', preferably made of steel, embedded or firmly anchored;

b) the metal plates along the connecting edges of the plastic elements exposed on at least one of its two flat sides by removing plastic to the outside or during the Production of individual plastic elements that keep plastic free;

c) the edges facing each other at the installation site of the container of the metal plates of adjacent plastic elements are welded or soldered together and

d) on the inside of the container, optionally also on the outside of the container, between the adjacent plastic elements free, the two metal plates connected to each other revealing, groove-shaped space with a the material of the plastic elements connecting, brushable or injectable plastic compound or with plastic finished parts fills out.

This method can be used with initially one-piece production of several Plastic elements and subsequent separation of these into individual elements are carried out in such a way that the manufacturing process

809821 / OUB

after reaching a partial wall thickness, ζ.B, half the partial wall thickness, is interrupted, then those belonging to this part Metal plates are placed and then the manufacturing process continued until the desired total wall thickness is reached after which the separation into individual elements is made along the middle of the metal plates.

If, on the other hand, the individual elements are separated from one another from the outset produces, the procedure is also such that the production process after reaching a partial wall thickness, e.g. half the wall thickness, is interrupted, then those belonging to this part Metal plates are placed and then the manufacturing process continued until the desired total wall thickness is reached will. But you can then expose part of the metal plates otherwise required by removing plastic material thereby make superfluous that the metal plates are inserted in such a way that they are at the connecting edges of the plastic element Project outward over these connecting edges so that they can then be welded or hard, soldered to one another within this exposed area.

The method according to the invention has, no matter how now the individual elements of the container are produced by one of the methods described above, the fundamental advantage that the Assembling the individual container elements at the installation site can be done very easily and without the help of specialists. It All that is required is welders who weld or solder the metal plates together, and these are now available in sufficient numbers and with sufficient qualities practically over-

809821 / 0U8

** ■

all available. Closing the grooves between the plastic elements, where the metal plates are exposed to the outside, "must be at corrosive container contents take place at least on the inside, but can for optical reasons to have a smooth outer wall of the container can of course also be carried out on the outside., No specialists are required for this either. Filling in these hats can be done using paintable or sprayable plastic material or by using prefabricated parts can be made quite easily, with the prefabricated part, preferably plastic side part is pressed in and / 'or glued in place. The same thing happens on the inside of the 'container, only there are a few more for reasons of perfect tightness layers of plastic (sealing laminate) are applied. If "Iiö'ten" was spoken of above, then that is natural Brazing meant in the case of the use of metal plates made of non-ferrous metals. .

The filling of the spaces between adjacent plastic elements durcn plastic provides full protection of the metal plates in this area against chemical attack as well perfect sealing of the container jacket.

The metal plates are the actual static connecting elements from plastic elements to plastic elements, for example segment to segment. These metal plates can accordingly The forces that occur can be statically adequately dimensioned, as can those between these metal plates Ground weld or brazed seams statically verified. The critical point of this connection is the transfer of forces from the plastic element in the metal plate. However, this can be achieved through the appropriate design or shape of the embedded in the plastic Part of each metal plate can be solved by namely

809821 / 0U8

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

this part of the metal plate, which is embedded in the plastic, is provided with reinforcing elements to anchor it in the plastic will. As such elements come - and only for example - the following types of elements in question:

a) several rows of holes in the embedded part of the metal plate,

b) sawtooth or barb-shaped elevations,

c) metal wire grids attached to at least one flat side of the metal plate,

d) spread flaps.

These measures can be taken individually or in any combination be used; it is clear that there are other, easily traceable Anchoring means can be used. In addition, the fact that the metal plates with the plastic to be connected at a point in time at which the plastic is still wet and not yet finished, a certain anchoring effect achieved.

A solution that is quite advantageous in some cases is that the metal plates are in the form of angle irons, one of which Leg is embedded in the plastic element and the other leg protrudes over the surface of the plastic element to the outside. You can then weld or hard-solder these metal plates to one another on both sides, with one welding or. Soldering point is outside the plastic elements, but can train these outwardly protruding legs for so long

809821/0448

and provided with through holes that at this point a Screw connection made between the two adjacent legs of the metal plates of adjacent plastic elements can be. In particular in the case of welding the outwardly protruding legs of the angle iron, it is possible to do this to be covered with a plastic bead that protrudes slightly towards the outside and is used for sealing and corrosion protection.

809821 / OUB

Claims (1)

P_a tentansgrüche 1.) Containers composed of individual elements, in particular Large container, characterized in that the individual elements consist of parts that at least consist of one perforated with a surface structure Insert, namely a plate or a grid, which is surrounded with plastic, are constructed, the individual elements are integrally connected to one another at the joints between the inserts and are surrounded by plastic. 2. Composed container according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated insert is a steel plate provided with circular perforations (h _t k *) - _t and diamond-shaped beads (8). th 3. From individual learning ^ assembled container according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated insert one with circular perforations and rhombusförtnigen Perforated steel plate provided with beads. H. Container composed of individual elements according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the perforated inserts of two adjacent elements are perpendicular to one another. 5. Composed of individual elements container according to claims 1 to k, characterized in that the through 809821 / 0U8 perforated inserts of two adjacent individual elements for the purpose of connecting them additionally or as the only ones Connection measure have a splash (25). 6. Process for the production of components assembled from individual elements Containers, in particular large-capacity containers, characterized in that a) during the production of the individual plastic elements at their later connecting edges to others Plastic elements or, in the case of one-piece production, in the area of the separating and later connecting edges, around the middle of the wall thickness if the plastic material is still wet and not hardened, sweat or Hardenable — plates, preferably made of steel, embedded and be firmly anchored; b) the metal plates along the connecting edges of the plastic elements on at least one of their two Flat sides exposed to the outside by removing plastic or during the production of individual plastic elements are kept free of plastic; c) at the installation site of the container, the facing edges of the metal plates of adjacent plastic elements be welded or brazed together, and 809821/0448 d) the one on the inside of the container, possibly also on the outside of the container, between the adjacent plastic elements, the two interconnected metal plates revealing, Groove-shaped space with a painting or injection molding that connects to the material of the plastic elements · Capable plastic compound and / or with plastic prefabricated parts is filled out. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that several plastic elements of a container initially in one piece produced and then separated into individual parts, and that the manufacturing process according to Reaching a partial wall thickness, e.g. half the wall thickness, is interrupted, then that of this container element belonging metal plates are placed, and then the manufacturing process until it is reached the desired total wall thickness is continued, after which then the separation into individual elements is made along the middle of the metal plates. 8. The method of claim 1, if prepared separately the individual elements, characterized in that the manufacturing process after reaching a partial wall thickness e.g. half the wall thickness is interrupted, then the metal plates belonging to this part are placed, 80982 1 / CKU and then the manufacturing process is continued until the desired total wall thickness is reached, and that the metal plates after the interruption of the
Manufacturing process are inserted darart that they protrude at the connecting edges of the plastic element over these connecting edges to the outside. 809821 / 0U8