DE2644949A1 - HAND MICROSCOPE - Google Patents

Description

MÜLLER-BORE · DTJUi ¹ JiJL · SCHÖN - HJBRTEL O g / / Q / Q

PATENT LAWYERS

DR ₁ WOLFGANG MÜLLER-BORE (PATENT ADVOCATE FROM 1927 - 1975) DR. PAUL DEUFEL. DIPL.-CH EM. DR. ALFRED SCHÖN. D1PL.-CHEM. WERNER HERTEL. DIPL.-PHYS.

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Arthur D. Little, Inc. Acorn Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA

Hand micr ο scope

The invention "relates to a microscope which is suitable for students, Useful to students and others in the laboratory and in similar work.

The invention is based on the object of creating an inexpensive and robust microscope which is lightweight and can be safely handled even by inexperienced users in order to insert slides or liquid samples and that Focus the microscope for observation.

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MUNICH 86 · SIEBEEISTR. 4 POST BOX 860720 CABLE: MTJEBOPAT TEL. (089) 474005 TELEX 5-S4285

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The features laid down in the patent application in particular serve to solve this problem.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention A conventional glass slide is not required for a microscope.

In addition to the finished microscope, the subject matter of the invention is, in particular, one made of cardboard or one other suitable material prefabricated scrap with prepared or pre-perforated folding lines.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention Microscope is provided that a device is provided which serves to determine a sample position to be determined and illuminated that there is still an observation opening, which such is arranged that it can receive and hold a lens that further means is provided which is used to adjust the distance between the lens and the device for receiving a sample to a To bring about focussing that the lens and the device serving to receive the specimen continue to be elastic are connected to one another by a connecting device which has hand pressure areas around the connecting device to put under tension so that the distance between the lens and the sample receiving device is elastic is changeable, the device in a non-focused rest position in the unloaded position between the lens and the sample receiving device is that the pressure exerted by hand is variable Distance through corresponding elastic deformation of the connecting device as a result of a corresponding deflection the connecting device to a focus adjustment leads by one on the hand pressure areas

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exerted pressure to focus between the lens and the sample carrier device is brought about, and that when the pressure is released, the connecting device between the lens and the sample carrier device returns to its rest position.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that an upper and a lower element are provided, which are in Form of cantilever arms from the connecting device extend that the one element, the observation opening with the lens and the other element, the sample carrier device and that at least one of the parts with respect to the other part for focusing is pivotable about the connecting device.

Furthermore, it is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment of the microscope according to the invention that the upper and lower elements are connected to one another by a plastic hinge and comprise a unit that is formed from a piece of elastic plastic material. The joint has a reduced section Thickness which unites the corresponding edges of the upper and lower elements, wherein the parts have interengaging portions spaced from the hinge and form a pivot point for the deflection. The top and bottom are with hand pressure areas at dots which are spaced from the lens so that in response to hand pressure a movement of the Parts is possible that results in a relatively reduced movement between the lens and the lens mount is translated. Bend points are in the upper and lower element between the pressure areas and the opening are provided, and these flexure points can have openings which connect with a holder for a slide

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cursing. A tapered light access opening with a small diameter, which is arranged closer to the lens, serves both to reduce access of scattered light as well as for the exact positioning of a Liquid sample.

This preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention has a clamp-like or gripper-like configuration, which is further characterized in that a one-piece mold made of synthetic plastic resin is provided, the upper and lower elements of which are each connected to one another along an edge by a plastic hinge, that one of the elements has an observation opening and the andex'e has a sample carrier device and a light access opening and that the microscope is able to be focused by means of an articulated movement between the upper and the lower element. It is preferably also provided that the upper and the lower element have a partially closed rest position and that the unit can be brought into the completely closed position in a movement that can be carried out against an elastic resistance. "Preferably, it is further provided that a slide holder is provided within the clamp-like or gripper-like configuration, that the slide holder is attached to the lower element in order to receive slides on the holder, and that openings are provided in the upper element to to receive the slide holder ^v when the upper and lower elements are moved towards each other into a closed position.

In a further advantageous development of the subject matter of the invention with a clip-like or claw-like configuration is provided that an upper and a lower element are provided, each of which

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are connected to one another by a joint along one edge, that one of the elements has an observation opening and the other element has a slide holder and a light access opening having, and that there is a spring device by which the upper and the lower element in an unfocused position and that the microscope is able to do so by articulating to be focused between the upper and the lower element overcoming the spring force.

Another advantageous development of the subject matter of the invention provides that the microscope according to the invention is made of a sheet material, which becomes a bracket-like or claw-like configuration is folded. The sheet of flat material is made of relatively rigid Material formed in a rectangular shape having six sections, namely a first and a second A portion of an upper member, a first portion of a connecting member, a first and a second Section of a lower element and a second section of a connecting element. The first and the second Portions of the upper and lower elements are folded over so that they adhere to each other and the upper and the Form the lower element, after which a suitable lens is inserted and a light access opening is formed. Of the first and second sections of the connecting device are joined together in such a way that a clamp-like or gripper-like configuration is formed to the erfindungsge ^ ae Finishing the microscope.

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The invention is described below, for example, with reference to the drawing ";

1 shows a perspective illustration of a preferred embodiment of the microscope according to the invention,

Fig. 2-7 each a representation from above, from the front edge, from below, from the rear edge and from the right u. left, the embodiment of the subject matter of the invention shown in FIG. 1 in each case is illustrated,

FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the microscope shown in FIG. 1 in the open position, as shown in FIG Shape or how it is opened to insert a sample,

FIG. 9 shows a partial section along the line 9-9 in FIG. 8,

10 shows a view of the microscope from the front edge, in the closed position,

11 shows a section along the line 11-11 in FIG. 10,

FIG. 12 is a perspective view which illustrates how the microscope with an inserted sample is held by a student,

FIG. 13 shows a representation similar to FIG. 10, but which illustrates the student's hands in the position in which the microscope is focused will,

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14 and 15 each show a section along the line 14-14 and 15-15 in FIG. 13,

16 shows a section through the light inlet opening according to FIG. 15 on an enlarged scale,

17 shows a plan view of the casing which is used to produce a further embodiment of the microscope according to the invention is used,

Fig. 18 is a partial plan view showing a modified construction of the sheath used to make the microscope,

19 shows a perspective illustration of the individual folding steps, which pass through during the manufacture of the microscope according to the invention from the casing according to FIG. 17 will,

20 shows a perspective illustration of the microscope in the rest position or in the non-focused position Position and

21 shows a perspective illustration of the microscope in the operating position or in the focused position Position.

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 16, the first embodiment is that of the invention Microscope is essentially a one-piece, bracket-like configuration that has a bottom member 10, which by a hinge connection or a flexible plastic hinge assembly 12 with the upper member 14 is connected. The elements 10 and 14 have an elongated shape with the hinge extending along a

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The upper element 14 has a central opening 20 for observation, a spherical lens 22 which is attached in the opening 20 with the aid of a circumferential fastening flange 24 which is held in place by a resilient c-shaped spring element 26. The lower element or the floor element has a light access opening 28 which is aligned with the observation opening 20, the opening tapering from diameter d ^ to diameter dp over the length t ( See Fig. 16. In a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, the following dimensions are available: t = 3 mm (1/8 inch), OL ₁ = 5.2 mm (13/64 inch) and d _£ = 4.4 mm ( 11/64 inch).

The bottom element 10 also has a pair of specimen glass supports 30 which are mounted with a specimen glass therebetween 32 (see Fig. 8) against the surface 18 of the floor element is pressed. According to FIG. 12, in the closed state, the user grasps the clip-shaped or cup-shaped Microscope, brings the observation port 20 with his eye to cover and looks through the arrangement and through the light access opening 28 towards a light source. A liquid sample, which are inserted into the light access opening 28 is, as is illustrated by the pipette 34 according to the dashed lines in FIG. 8 and by the Liquid sample S in Fig. 16 is properly positioned with respect to the lens by the interaction of surface tension effects and the tapered construction of the opening. Such a liquid drip The test is illuminated and observed. Certain light rays R that are not directed parallel to the optical axis L. hit the tapered wall and that part of the light that is not absorbed becomes the

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opposite wall, returns from there to the microscope, which improves the lighting will. A rough focus is achieved in that the lower and upper elements 10 and 14 from the unfolded position can be brought into the position illustrated in Fig. 8, for example, which also is to be referred to as the rest position, the position of the upper element 14 in FIG. 11 in dashed lines Lines is shown. A fine adjustment is made by the fact that the opposite ends of the upper or lower element are further bent by the fingers gripping the unit and according to Fig. 12-15 keep squeezing. This handling is explained by details the construction, which are explained in more detail below.

According to FIGS. 8, 9 and 11, the joint 12 has a thin one flexible strips of general shape and each edge connected by the hinge has a first elongate Rib 40, which is connected to the joint. A second rib 42 is spaced from the first rib 40 arranged such that at a distance which generally corresponds to the thickness of the ribs, each rib 40 with a rib 42 at the bottom is united by the body of the corresponding element 10 or 14. Except hers Ends are the outer ribs 40 in their height dimension made shorter by the distance d (e.g. by 0.25 now (0.010 inch)) than the inner ribs 40 as shown in Figure 9. Thus, the upper and lower elements compressed as shown by the solid lines in Fig. 11, the inner ribs meet a contact area A while the ribs 40 do not, except at their extreme ends. To the ribs too stabilize, transverse ribs 44 are provided which, for example, have a distance of about 2.54 cm (1 inch) from one another.

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ben. After folding into the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 11 the larger widths of the upper and lower element extend as support arms from the area of the contact, which is denoted by A. The joint 12 acts to an increasing extent to deflect these straight arms towards one another against, the contact area A serves as a fulcrum and the joint is increasingly placed under tension.

The finger pressure areas 50 on both ends the upper and lower elements are set accordingly as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, in order to ensure a proper position of the Finger to produce the focus deflection.

Because the pressure application areas 50 in the longitudinal direction Distance 1 from the central line of observation and because the elastic joint continues along it continuously the edge of the upper and the lower element extends, the deflection of the regions 50 towards one another leads to a deflection of the lens towards the sample, which is slightly smaller than that of the outer ends of the upper and lower elements. Thus, the enclosures lead to the user's fingers a relatively finer focusing movement of the lens to the Rehearsal. This effect is further promoted by the cutouts 52 and 54- in the two elements 10 and 14-, whereby Articulation points in the body of the upper and lower members 10 and 14 · are created which lead to a decreased Guide movement of the central part that carries the lens with respect to the movement of the beyond the cutouts located ends. Furthermore, the increased thickness 56 of the upper member provides in relation to the lens area on the thickness of the ends a further bending resistance of the upper element and again reduces the ratio of Deflection of the lens to the deflection of the ends 50 of the Microscope.

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The cutouts 52 and 5 ^ also serve others Purposes. If one looks down through the cutouts 52 in the upper element 14, on both sides the opening 20, so it is possible to see the outline of the sample holder or slide, so that a Guide for aligning the slide is created in the observation window. The slide holders continue to step 30, which protrude as an integral part of the inner rib 42 of the lower element and as Spring holders are used for the slide 32, as shown in FIG 8 is shown, with a deflection of the parts 10 and 14 towards each other, into the openings 52 in the upper element. This avoids a concentration of a harmful force on the slide, which could result in the slides being pressed against the top member.

The size of the upper and lower element 14 and is dimensioned larger than the predetermined size of the slide 32 so that there is a possibility that the specimen will be moved in the longitudinal direction or in the lateral direction can to align with the opening while keeping it within the protective limits that be formed by the upper and the lower element. This protects the user against cuts, and the slide is secured against breakage.

In the embodiment of Fig. 1-16, the entire Microscope body, i.e. the upper and lower elements or 10 and the connecting joint in one piece from one suitable polymeric resin such as polypropylene. While the body is still warm from the manufacturing process 8, the unit is folded to assume its closed shape and is then allowed to cool. Thus, a permanently set, partial

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reached closed position, as shown in FIG. 11 in dashed lines is shown. The lens 22, which causes, for example, a 3Ox or 5Ox magnification, is then inserted, and the pen holder 26 is then inserted.

According to a preferred embodiment, the upper and the lower element about 10.16 cm (4 inches) long, 3 »81 cm (1 1/2 in.) Wide and 3 mm (1/8 in.) Thick. The hips extend a little more than 3 mm (1/8 inch) from the Main body of the upper and lower elements away, so that a closed space between the lens and the Sample is formed that is slightly larger than 6.3 now (1/4 ZoIl), with the total thickness of the microscope in the closed position being less than about 2.5 cm (1 inch). This makes the microscope easy to carry.

The permanent setting of the unit in a partial open position creates some resistance through the hinge before the top and bottom elements go into the parallel position can be pivoted, whereby the focus is facilitated, in particular then, when using unusually thick slides. To put the unit in the pocket, it is put in a sleeve inserted, which overcomes this resistance and the unit in the closed position in a compact position holds.

17-21 illustrate a further embodiment of the microscope according to the invention, in which initially a Flat piece of a sleeve is made, which is made of relatively rigid or solid material such as a cardboard box or made of a bendable plastic material. This initially flat envelope is then folded in such a way that the microscope with the desired properties is created.

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Fig. 7 is a plan view of the inner surface of a flat shell 60, which in individual sections 61 and is divided, which serve to the upper member 63 to "while sections 64- and 65 serve to define the lower element 66 to "form", and the section 67, which the upper member 63 and the lower member 66 together united, contributes to the connecting device "form, to which the section 68 also contributes, which also serves to close the rest of the connecting device form.

The flat shell 60 can be manufactured in a number of ways. For example, according to Eig. 18 the different Sections 61-68 separate individual pieces of cardboard, plastic, or similar material with their inner surfaces attached to a continuous bendable sheet material 70 such as resin coated Paper stick. The sections are spaced arranged from each other, the distances such as the distance 71 between the sections 61 and 62 a sufficient Have width that a free bending of the sections 61, 62, etc. against each other is enabled, in In an alternative embodiment, the flat shell can be made from a single piece according to FIG. 17, and the boundaries 72-76 between each section can be prepared by a suitable pretreatment so that the individual sections can subsequently be pivoted or bent relative to one another.

The central observation port of the completed microscope has openings 78 "and 79 (usually circular), namely in sections 61 and 62, which form the upper element 63. The lens 80 is attached to either section 61 or section 62, to be arranged concentrically to the opening 78 or 79,

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so that when the section 61 is folded by 180 °, so that it touches the section 62 ″ and rests against it, the openings 78 and 79 are aligned with one another and in the lens 80 are locked against one another in order to form the central observation opening 81 (see FIG. 20), which of the central Observation opening 20 according to FIG. 1 corresponds. Similarly, the light access opening has openings and 83 in sections 64- and 65, which, if the section 65 is folded through 180 ° so that it has the section 64- touches and adheres to it, collapse in such a way that they form the light access opening 84- (see 20), which corresponds to the light access opening 28 according to FIG.

In a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention the inner surface 85 is coated with an adhesive 86 which is a retardant effective pressure sensitive Adhesive or a so-called cohesive adhesive is on which an easily detachable surface 87 is placed which, when it is pulled off, creates the possibility that the microscope into the shape according to FIG can be brought. Furthermore, in an alternative embodiment, the initially bare inner surface can also be used coated with a suitable adhesive immediately prior to assembly.

The outer surface, i.e. the surface opposite the inner surface according to Fig. 1, may have certain markings (e.g. names, instructions, etc.), and such labels may be printed. Preferably finally, a film or layer of a material is applied to the outer surface in which a pressure sensitive tape is applied by a number of operations. Thus it is preferably provided that on the completed arrangement of the micros

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kops on the inner surface 88 and the outer surface 89 a coating material such as polyurethane, a varnish coating, a film made of polyethylene terephthalate or a similar material is applied. When the microscope is manufactured, section 60 folded inwardly as shown in Fig. 19 by arrow 90a to adhere to section 62, so that the upper member 63 is formed, whereby the lens 80 between the sections 61 and 62 is firmly clamped and is positioned within the central observation port 81.

Similarly, section 65 is folded inward, as indicated by arrow 90b so that it touches and adheres to section 64 to the To form floor element 66. Finally, section 66 is folded back as indicated by arrow 90c is, and it then adheres to the portion 67, thus the formation of the connector 91 is completed. the inner surface of the bottom element 66 forms the step surface 92, which according to the above is preferably is coated with a material to which a strip of clear pressure sensitive adhesive is attached 93 can be repeatedly attached and removed again. This allows samples 94 to be viewed under the microscope to be examined, adhere to the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive, with the sample through the Light access opening 84 · on the outside of the assembled microscope is illuminated. Thus, with this Mode of operation, the costs and hazards associated with using a thin glass slide avoided. However, it is also possible to attach a glass slide to the step surface 92, by means of a pressure sensitive adhesive. In an alternative embodiment, a Liquid drops for examination in the same type and Manner as illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 16 for opening 28 is to be arranged in the light access opening 84. 709814/0349

As in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 1-16, the Embodiment according to Fig. 17-21 both an unloaded, non-focused position (Fig. 20) as well as a focused position (Fig.21), due to the elastic formation of the connection between the upper and the lower element, including one according to the above trained connecting device is used. That upper member 63 has finger pressure areas 96 (the shown only for the upper element 63), which is preferably can be marked according to FIG. 21, and the embodiment of the microscope according to FIGS. 17-21 is shown in FIG operated in the same way as the embodiment of FIGS.

The embodiment of the microscope according to the invention according to Fig. 17-21 is particularly suitable for printing on containers, for cutting out or for sale as a flat bare arrangement, together with a lens. The device according to the invention thus stops extremely suitable game for educational purposes that is suitable for many possible applications.

Claims -

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Claims (20)

Patent claims Microscope, characterized in that a device is provided which serves to to determine a sample position and to be illuminated, that an observation port is still present which is arranged to receive and hold a lens that further includes a device is provided, which is used to adjust the distance between the lens and the device for recording a sample is used to bring about a focus adjustment, that further the lens and the device serving to receive the sample resiliently by a Connecting device are connected to one another, which has hand pressure areas to the connecting device put under tension so that the distance between the lens and the sample receiving device is elastically changeable, the device in a non-loaded position in a non-loaded position focused rest position between the lens and the sample receiving device is that of a manually exerted pressure variable distance through corresponding elastic deformation of the connecting device as a result of a corresponding deflection the connecting device to a focus adjustment performs focus between the lens by applying pressure to the hand pressure areas and the sample carrier device is brought about, and that when the pressure is released, the connecting device between the lens and the sample carrier device returns to its rest position. 709814/0349 2. microscope after. Claim 1, characterized in that an upper and a lower Element are provided which extend in the form of cantilever arms from the connecting device, that one element is the observation opening with the lens and the other element the Has sample carrier device and that at least one of the parts with respect to the other part for Focus around the connector is pivotable. 3. Microscope according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting device has a joint, which as an integral part of the upper and the lower element of one elastic plastic resin is made. 4. Microscope according to claim 3 »characterized in that the joint has a section having reduced thickness at which the corresponding edges of the upper and lower elements are interconnected, and that the elements are interengaging portions which are spaced from the hinge so that a hinge fulcrum is formed. 5 · Microscope according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting device has a narrower portion made by the upper and lower members be folded in such a way that an approximately right angle is formed with the narrower section, when the microscope is in its focus position. 709 8H / 03A9 6. microscope after. Claim 2, characterized in that the upper and the lower element are equipped with hand pressure areas at points spaced from the lens, whereby the movement of the elements in response to hand pressure on the hand pressure areas becomes proportionate leads to decreased movement between the lens and the slide device. 7. Microscope according to claim 6, characterized in that deflection points in the upper and are provided in the lower member between the pressure areas and the opening. 8. Microscope according to claim 7> thereby g e k e η η - ζ e i chne t that the deflection points through Openings are formed which are in register with holding devices for the slide. 9. microscope with a bracket-like configuration; characterized in that a one-piece mold made of synthetic plastic resin is provided, the upper and lower element each along an edge by a plastic joint are connected to one another, that one of the elements has an observation opening and the other is a sample carrier device and a light access opening and that the microscope is capable of articulating between the upper and lower Ele ment to be focused. 10. Microscope according to claim 9, characterized in that g e k e η η ζ e i c h η e t that the upper and the lower element have a partially closed rest position and that the unit in one against an elastic 709814/0349 Resistance executable movement can be brought into the fully closed position. 11. Microscope according to claim 9 *, characterized in that a slide holder is provided is within the pincer-like or grasper-like configuration that the slide holder is attached to the lower element to receive slides on the holder, and that in the upper Element openings are provided to the slide holder when the upper and lower members are in a closed position towards each other are moved. 12. Microscope according to claim 9 »characterized in that the light access opening is a has tapering opening which is designed and arranged such that a drop of liquid inserted therein is appropriately positioned. 13 · Microscope according to claim 12, characterized in that the smaller diameter of the opening closer to the lens. 14. Microscope with a klanmier-like configuration, thereby characterized in that an upper and a lower element are provided, which each along a Edge are connected to one another by a hinge that one of the elements has an observation opening and the other element is a slide holder and a Having light access opening, and that a spring device is present, through which the upper and the lower Element be held in a non-focused position, and that the microscope is able to see through an articulation between the upper and lower 70981 4/0349 Element set in focus by overcoming the spring force to become. 15 · microscope, characterized in that it is made of a flat, bare material, by folding the flat material into a clip-like or claw-like configuration, the flat material a surface made of relatively rigid Material in a rectangular shape is that further a first and a second section for a top element are present with the same dimensions, which have centrally mounted openings that the first section of the top member is foldable 180 to adhere to the second portion of the top member, so that a upper element is formed with openings which are oriented such that they form a lens opening, which is adapted to position and hold a lens when the first section of the upper element to the second section of the upper element adheres that further a first, relatively narrow section a connecting device is provided, which is foldable with respect to the upper element that further a first and a second portion of a lower Element are provided which have the same dimensions and centrally located openings that the second section of the lower element is foldable by 180 ° so that it adheres to the first section of the lower element, to form a lower member having openings oriented to provide a light access opening form, the lower element being foldable with respect to the first connecting means, that further a second, relatively narrow section of a connecting device is provided, which in relation is foldable onto the second section of the floor element in order to close to the first section of the connecting device 709814/0349 (ρ adhere, so that the clip-like or claw-like configuration is formed, the light access opening is aligned with the lens opening and the upper and lower elements are hinged together, namely in an unfocused position created by articulation between the upper and lower elements can be moved into an in-focus position. 16. Microscope according to claim 15, characterized in that the microscope consists of a single one Flat piece of material is made which is pretreated or scored so that the fold of the individual sections is facilitated. .Microscope according to claim 16, characterized in that the material is made of cardboard or cardboard consists. 18. Microscope according to claim 15 *, characterized in that the flat material is one of one Has a piece of existing, bendable element, to which the individual sections as separate pieces Distance from each other are added so that the folding of the sections is possible. 19. Microscope according to claim 15 _5, characterized in that a pressure-sensitive adhesive is provided which covers the inner contact surfaces of the individual sections, and that a removable cover sheet is provided which covers the adhesive. 20. Microscope according to claim 15, characterized in that a coating is provided, which covers the outer surface of the sections, and that the coating consists of a material on which a pressure sensitive tape can be repeatedly attached and detached. 709814/0349