DE2517131C2 - Device for loosening up damp, fibrous materials - Google Patents

Description

gate around inside the baffle towards the outlet moves coarser, not yet loosened material particles are held back at the dam and continue to migrate in the circumferential direction within the baffle, until they are completely loosened and consequently carried away by the gas flow over the dam will. The material is treated so gently that the fibers do not break. Advantageous further developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the drawing.

F i g. Fig. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment with a part shown in section

Figure 2 shows an end view of the embodiment according to Fig. 1, in which a part is broken away and shown in section.

F i g. 3 shows a partial section of the disintegration device on an enlarged scale.

F i g. Figure 4 shows, on a larger scale, another partial view of the splitting device.

F i g. 5 and 6 are partial views of other embodiments the dismemberment device, which together with the device according to FIG. 1 can be used can.

The embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings are particularly suitable for to be used in conjunction with a gas reaction kettle.

According to FIGS. 1 to 4, the device has a housing 10 in which a disk-like, rotatable partition 12 is arranged which is referred to below as the rotor. The rotor 12 divides the housing 10 into one Blower chamber 14 on one side of rotor 12 and a material chamber 16 on its opposite Page. The rotor 12 is circumferentially spaced from the parts of the device connected there, to create an annular space 18 through which the chambers 14 and 16 along the rotor circumference with one another stay in contact. The motor 12 is fixedly at one end of a fastening device 20 Shaft arranged, which is connected on the other side with another shaft 22 for driving. The shaft 22 is rotatably held in bearings which are arranged in a bearing housing 24. Furthermore can they are driven by a normal drive motor (this is not shown) which engages at its end 26 will.

The blower chamber 14 stands via an axial opening 28 in a housing wall 30 with an injection chamber 32 in connection, which is also contained in the housing 10. In the housing 10 is a blow-in feed 34 is provided, which is connected to the chamber 32 and a gas supply source, not shown, for continuous Supply of gas is in communication. The gas reaction vessel, for example, could be used as the gas source serve yourself. A fan is fixedly arranged on the rotor 12 in the blower chamber 14, the Fan in the embodiment shown here from several, arc-shaped spaced apart radially extending wings 36 composed. The fan blades 36 are with their inner ends on the Fastening device 20 attached. During their joint rotation with the rotor 12, the Gas introduced into the blower chamber 14 is conveyed through the annular space 18 on the circumference of the rotor 12. The housing 10 is provided with a material inlet 38 which opens centrally into the material chamber 16 and, as shown, is arranged coaxially with the rotor 12. Through the material inlet 38 is during the Work input of the device is continuously fed pulp or other material to the material chamber 16 The material inlet 38 is through a material feed 40 with a supply (this is not shown) bonded by pulp or other material. The feed 40 has a material inlet 38 in the Cross-section narrowing or inclined section. A drivable shaft 42 is coaxial in the inclined section of the feed 40 arranged. There is a transport compression screw on this shaft 44 attached, which rotates continuously during the working use of the device As a result material is continuously fed into the beveled portion of the feeder 40 by the screw 44 pressed to form a plug of compressed material in feeder 40 upstream of the material inlet 38 to form. This prevents gas from flowing out of the housing 10 through the supply 40 can escape and that undesired gases penetrate into the housing 10 through the feed 40. By the screw 44 simultaneously becomes the plug of material through the material inlet 38 into the material combc; · 16 transported.

Immediately following the material inlet 38 and in the material chamber 16 centered on the rotor 12 are several, radially extending, knife-like elements or on the fastening device 20 Cutters 46 attached, which are used to enter through the material inlet 38, compressed material to break open or to dismember. On the rotor 12 are a plurality of generally radially extending blades 48 fixedly arranged in the material chamber 16 around the cutting edges 46. The wings 48 are limited generally radially extending pockets or channels 50. The inner ends 52 of the wings 48 are arcuate, generally arranged centrally to the rotor 12 in spaced relation to one another so that the fragmented or loosened Material fed to the inner ends of the channels 50. can be. The outer ends 54 of the wings 48 are arranged in an arc over the circumference of the rotor 12 at a distance from one another, so that, loosened: Material during the rotation of the blades 48 from the channels 50 at their outer ends 54 due to the Rotational speed can be delivered. The sides of the channels adjoining the rotor 12 50 are over their entire length through the rotor 12 opposite a direct connection to the blower 5u Chamber 14 completed. However, the opposite sides of the channels 50 are for one purpose open, which will be described later.

A material discharge opening is located on the housing 10 56 is provided, which is connected to the material chamber 16 for guiding the fragmented material out of the housing 10 communicates. The material discharge opening 56 is assigned a discharge spiral 58, which is of the material chamber 16 and the vanes 48 present in it is axially spaced apart Vanes 48 lie completely outside the spiral 58. The annular housing wall 60, which the vanes 48 surrounds, has a constant, even distance from the outer ones over its entire, curved course Ends 54 of the wings 48. The spiral 58 is along its inner circumference «62 to the material chamber 16 and open to the open sides of the channels 50 between the wings 48. This inner circumference 62 thus forms the outlet opening of the material chamber 16. The material

The crushing device or baffle of the device is indicated generally at 64 and is in the material chamber 16 arranged at a radial, outwardly facing distance from the outer ends 54 of the wings there, where the material discharged to the outside from the channels 50 between their outer ends 54 reaches. The vanes 48 can rotate relative to the baffle 64. The baffle 64 is special to this suitable to comminute the material by its impact on this device, causing at the same time the material moves inwardly toward the outer ends 54 of the wings 48. In addition, a restraint device is which is generally designated 66 and designated as a dam, arranged between the baffle 64 and the material transfer device of the device, to hold back heavier, coherent or only partially fragmented material, with it it does not reach the material delivery device 58.

According to FIG. 1 to 4, the baffle 64 has a wavelike curved fragmentation ring 68, which over its entire length alternating with inwardly projecting elevations 70 and outwardly pointing Recesses 72 is formed. The ring 68 is fixedly arranged on the annular housing wall 60 and extends spaced from the outer ends 54 around the blades 48, an annular space 74 being formed will. The annular space 74 is on opposite sides with the space 18 around the rotor 12 and the dispensing spiral 58 in connection. The gas blown from the space 18 flows across the Space 74 to the discharge spiral 58 for blowing light, shredded material into the latter. Due to the wavy The material exiting from the channels 50 is shown in the configuration of the fragmentation ring 68 its interaction with the ring 68 fragmented while at the same time an inward movement of the material from the ring 68 to the outer ends 54 of the wings 48, whereby the lightweight, fragmented material is moved inward to a point so that it can readily be moved to the following containment dam 66 described is blown past to the dispensing spiral 58. . . _

The retention dam 66 has an annular ramp 76 attached to the housing wall 60 which extends between the dismemberment ring 68 and the spiral 58 immediately adjacent to the dismemberment ring 68 is arranged. The ramp 76 runs obliquely upwards or at an inclination from the ring 68 to the spiral 58, as a result of which material adjoining the inner circumference has to overcome the ramp 7 in order to get into the dispensing spiral 58 to get inside. As a result, ramp 76 keeps heavy material from entering the spiral 58 to get or delay its onward transport, thereby causing this heavier material is retained on ring 68 to be chopped up into lighter material. The ramp 76 prevents also the formation of lumps of material which would otherwise inevitably occur at this point. Such lumps of material are very undesirable, especially because the deposits in this area Material in the form of lumps would loosen.

The retainer 66 also includes an inwardly projecting annular wall 78 disposed between the ramp 76 and the spiral 58. The wall 78 defines the open side 62 of the spiral 58 and extends further inward than the innermost end of the ramp 76 in order to prevent the continuation of heavier material from the upper end of the ramp 76 into the spiral 58. According to FIGS. 1-4, the dismemberment ring 68 and ramp 76 may both be attached to housing wall 60 as previously described. On the other hand, however, it is according to FIG. 5, in which the same parts have the same reference numerals, but to which an "a" is added. are designated, it is also possible to form the ramp 76a in one piece with the housing wall 60a.
In Fig. 6, the reference numerals are the same

! 0 parts with an additional »iw. The ring of splits 68 £> may be formed as an annular array of generally diamond-shaped elements 80 be attached to the housing wall around the wings 48 in a manner similar to that already described Ring 68 is attached. In this case, the restraint device 66 already described and the rest Parts of the device can be designed in the manner already described.

When using the device according to FIG. 1 to 4 for chopping up and blowing off pulp in papermaking, the shaft 22 is continuously driven, so that the rotor 12, the blades 48, the knife-like parts 46 and the fan blades 36 continuously turn. Gas is continuously supplied to the blow chamber 32 and enters the blow chamber 14. from which the rotating fan blades 36 the gas at a relatively high speed through the annular spaces 18 and 74 for conveying shredded pulp into the discharge spiral 58 and out of the housing 10 blow out. Pulp to be processed is continuously fed through the guide 40. The conveyor screw 44 is continuously driven in order to make pulp as impermeable as possible upstream from the material feed 38 while simultaneously compressing the pulp plug is introduced into the material chamber 16 through the inlet 38 therethrough. The knife-like elements 46 cut up or shred the pulp supplied. The shredded pulp gets to the outside the inner ends 52 of the wings 48 and thus into the channels 50 formed by them. By the rotation

. the wing 48 pulls the pulp at a relatively high speed accelerated as the pulp passes radially outwardly through the channels 50. The pulp is outwardly from the channels 50 between the outer ends 54 of the blades 48 at a relatively high speed delivered, which is caused by the speed of rotation of the outer ends 54. the The direction of delivery of the pulp from the area between the outer end 54 of the wings 48 is the pouring table by the dashed arrow in FIG. 4, the direction of rotation of the rotating vanes 48 through is indicated by the solid arrows. The pulp that is dispensed hits at its relatively high speed the dismemberment ring 68 on.

By the impact of the pulp on the ring 68, the dispensed pulp is broken down into smaller, lighter fiber groups split, and in some cases even give rise to individual fibers pointing inwards towards the outer ends 54 of the wings 48 fall back into an area from which they can quickly over the retention dam 66 and blown through the dispensing coil 58. The heavier lumps of pulp, however, will not blown over containment dam 66 and cannot go over ramp 76 and partition 78 get off. They re-interact with the dismemberment ring 68 until they finally move into lighter fiber groups or fibers have been divided

are those in the dispensing spiral in the previously described Way to be blown.

Since the sides of the channels 50 adjoin the spiral 58 are open to this, one obtains a return of part of the gas through the channels 50. As a result The conveyance of the crushed material is tmtcrsiUfzt. Since the spiral 58 is spaced axially from the Wing""! 48 is arranged, with lct / tcrc outside the Spiral 58 lie, the space 74 has a constant cross-section, with the exception that its cross-section is changed by the wave-shaped configuration of the fragmentation ring 68. One thus obtains a uniform treatment of the pulp in the material chamber 16. The pulp accumulation that one normally sees would be obtained in the area of the ramp 76 is prevented by the latter. An extremely quick breakup the light, shredded pulp from the heavier, coherent or only partially shredded Pulps is achieved by the great speed with which the lighter pulp is blown from the space 74 into the spiral 58.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

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Claims (10)

1!. Device according to one of the preceding claims: Claims, characterized in that the sides of the material adjacent to the outlet opening (62) 1. Device for loosening up in compact alführungskanäle (50) between the wings (48) of the Moist, fibrous material fed into the form - the rotor (12) is open to the outlet opening (62), lien, with one arranged in a housing disc-shaped rotor, on one side of which a blower chamber connected to a gas inlet
and on the other side of which a material chamber connected to a material inlet is formed, io The invention relates to a device for unloading the rotor with in the material chamber radial core of compactly supplied, moist, trap-arranged blades for accelerating the ma- serhaltigen materials according to the The generic term terials is provided radially from the inside to the outside, and of claim 1. with an impact surrounding the rotor at a distance Such a device is from US-PS 32 29 923, surface and an outlet for the gas stream 15, in particular FIGS. 9 to 11, are known. There are the blown women loosened material, thereby identifying the se chamber and the material chamber separated from one another, that the blades (48) are arranged radially inward on both sides of a rotor, which in extend into the material inlet (38), and that the material chamber with wings to the radial acceleration baffle is provided by a fixed, annular, movement of the material to be treated. the closed baffle wall (64) is formed, on whose 20 baffle surface surrounding the rotor at a distance is in Outside an inwardly directed, ring-shaped one. Shape of individual, in the circumferential direction with .gspacing deserve Damming (66) surrounding the outlet opening (62) of visible impact bars on an additional rotor disk ordered is arranged in the opposite direction to that 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor is rotatable and serves to feed material. at indicates that the baffle (64) a rotor (t2) 25 of this known device are the fed surrounding guide space / 18) for the gas flow material and the gas during the loosening of the from the blower chamber (14) through the material before this so gets into the outlet, im chamber (16) up to the outlet opening (62). essentially only under centrifugal effect radially 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, thereby leading. This centrifugal effect shows that between the outer ends 30 break the radially accelerated material to ver (54) the wing (48) and the dam (66) to reduce the size of the individual particles, with axial passage d *. s gas-material flow as this device for example for grinding Ge outlet opening (62) there is a radial distance. cereal or used to crush other materials 4. Device according to a -} he can preceding. Because of the relatively aggressive effect Claims, characterized in that the dam 35 of this comminuting device is not safe- (66) has an inclined ramp (76) which ensures that the material only loosens the fibers The material cross-section towards the outlet opening (62) cannot be broken. _tight . In contrast, the invention has the object to- 5. Device according to one of the preceding reasons, in a compact form zugeßhvte, moist, fiber claims, characterized in that the dam 4o containing materials to loosen up effectively and for (66) a radially directed, in the flow cross a subsequent gas treatment in a gas flow has section protruding partition (78). to be brought in, which will also be ensured 6. Device according to one of the preceding, that the fibers of the material do not break. Claims, characterized in that the outlet legs the compact fibrous material fed in Dispensing spiral (58) free of internals 45 stands up, for example, from compressed moist has, the axially next to the blades (48) of the rotor pulp fibers (pulp) for papermaking, which for (12) is arranged, the partition wall (78) being an example incorporated into a chlorine gas stream for bleaching one side of the dispensing spiral (58) limited. should be brought. With the inventive 7. Device according to one of the preceding direction, however, other compact fiber claims, characterized in that between 50 containing materials are processed, for example the material inlet (38) and the radially inner ends (52) of the rotor blades (48) a device (46) for breaking up the supplied compact material, preferably in the form of cutting edges is. 8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the device (46) radially inner continuations the wing (48) forms which are separated from sludge from sewage treatment plants to be dried or other fibrous materials, for example sugar cane pulp or corn pulp. The invention is characterized in claim 1.
55 Here, in contrast to the known device discussed at the beginning, the blades extending radially inward into the material inlet ensure that in the radially inner area a good, gentle guidance of the material coming out of the inlet radially follows the blades are connected to the rotor (12).
9. Device according to one of the preceding ho takes place outside. The radial blades give the machine Expectations. characterized in that the impact material then has a high radial speed when the rotor rotates, which to an effective loosening when the material hits the ring-shaped closed Baffle leads. Since the baffle wall is ring-shaped, the material to be loosened becomes brought into contact with the gas flow within the baffle, so that the gas-material flow along a helical path around the rotor wall (64) is provided with projections (70) and depressions (72) alternating in the circumferential direction. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the baffle wall (64) several individual Zerkleinerungselemcnte (80) (Fig.6), which with mutual distances are arranged around the rotor (12).