DE2515561A1 - SMOKE MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

Dipl-Ing. W. Meissner '

1 α APR. 1975

R ₀ Jo Reynolds Tobacco Company (corporation of New Jersey, USA) Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

"Smoking material '· ¹

The invention relates to a smoking material _o

The invention is based on the object of creating a smoking material which has advantages over conventional materials and is suitable for the production of cigarettes, cigars as well as pipe tobacco or the like «

This object is achieved by the erflndungsgemäß specified in the main claim _o Further embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims

The cereals that are used according to the invention come from the grass family (Gramineao), which are cultivated as foodc Examples of the cereals are expanded or puffed rice (Oryzeae), wheat (Hordeae), barley (Hordeae), rye ( Hordeae), oats (Aveneae), millet (Paniceae), milokorn (Andropogoneae) and maize (Maydeae) etc.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the smoking material consists of a mixture of tobacco and expanded grain

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Expanded grains serve as a tobacco extender without them significant effects on the organolep ti see properties de a Tobacco product in which they are used "

In a second embodiment of the invention, the expanded cereal grains are used alone or with another non-tobacco material used to make the smoking material

The rice used as smoking material according to the invention is rice (Oryza sativa) with expanded volume and reduced density _? is in this state, the combustion supporting The expanding the volume of the rice brings a swelling with it _f εο that a puffed rice relatively low density entstehta The bulk density of the puffed rice is not greater than about 0 * 40 g / car and preferably not greater than about Oj20 g / cm ο The term puffed rice, as it is used here, should be understood as rice grains that expand to a bulk density of no more than Q _s 40 g / ca ^, determined on a 12-mesh Siob (US Standard) have ₅ «. To determine the bulk weight, the rice is ground in a suitable mill and _{sieved with a size 12 sieve (US standard sieve set f,} the clear mesh size corresponds to a particle size of 1 _e 63 mm), from which a uniformly packed sample of known volume is then weighed ,

Used in the wheat "of erfindungsgemäS, as is wheat, which has been expanded accordingly _o Numerous varieties of wheat can be used in how Triticum vulgare. Triticura durum, Triticum coinpactum, Triticum persicuin and Triticum spei ta ο The bulk weight of the expanded wheat, as used here, should not be greater than about O ₉ 40 g / cm ^ and preferably not greater than 0.20 g / cm ο The expression puff wheat is here again - as mentioned above - understood * whereby the bulk weight is determined with a 12or sieve,

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Also, the millet used as a smoking material according to the invention is expanded millet having an expanded volume and reduced density _{or the like}

A wide variety of millet varieties can be used, including millet (Panicum miliaceum), foxtail millet (Setaria italica), Japanese millet (Echinochloa frumentacea, Echinochloa crusgalli) _f finger millet (Bleusine coracana), blood millet (Paspelum scrobiculatum) CatzenscfcwanzhirsG (Pennisetum glaucum), African millet (HoI-cus sorghum) and brown tip millet (CPanicum ramosum) _o The expansion of the volume of the millet causes it to swell and thus results in a puffed millet with a relatively low density ₀

The Schüttgevicht the Puffhirse - as obtained so - is generally not greater than about 0.40 g / cnr, and preferably not greater than about O "20 g / cnr _o The bulk density is - as in the other cases - again with determined by a 12 sieve «,

Which is used according to the invention, the milo, is MiIokorn (Sorghum vulgare) _t which - has been expanded "The bulk density also is not more than 0.40 g / cnr and preferably 0 * 20 g / cm ο - as described previously

The shark, which is supposed to be used as smoking material, is maize (Zea mays) which has expanded in its volume and has a reduced density, which in this state supports the combustion. The suitability for volume expansion varies with the individual corn varieties, with ⁿ pop-corn ^tt (Zea mays everta (Sturto)) having the best properties with _{tooth corn o} Even among the popcorns there is a wide range of variation in the degree and perfection of the expandability, and this is probably due to the proportion

509844/0758 ~ ⁴ ~

depended on hard strength

In view of the different properties, popcorn (Zea meys everta Sturt _e )) is provided according to the invention, but any other variety can be used from which a material with a relatively low density can be made It is therefore permissible that any specialty or botanical variation of Maie, including hydrides, is used "provided that the expanded maize has the desired low density" The values for this are the same "that are or have been mentioned earlier"

The volume expansion of rice, wheat, millet, huokorru, rye and oats can be achieved by known methods. Examples of this are expansion by means of a pressure chamber or by sudden exposure to a high temperature. Means for performing these processes are shown, for example, in U.S. Patents 3,456,575, 2,701,200, 2,231,337 _g "3,656,965, 3,703,379" 3,556,802, 3,392,660, 201,032, 3,660, and 3,682 651 described

After expanding, the grains were unexpanded from the clay Grains also in a known way, for example by sifting, air classification or dglο severed

The volume expansion of the shark, for example, is achieved by conventional methods, as mentioned, bo by rapidly heating the shark grains in order to puff them up 11 to 15? 6 (Gewo ~ #) to a temperature in the range of 177 ° C to 288 ⁰ C (350 to 55O ⁰ F) generally results in a good volume expansion (reduction in density), wherein the puffed material combustible _c is from From an economic point of view, however, it is expedient to use methods which result in maximum expansion

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The size and shape of the expanded material is first and foremost depending on the intended use · In general is it preferred »a grinding or still beeper a shredding Carry out (chipping) the material up to a size and shape which approximately corresponds to that of the tobacco «Bs is also expedient »to remove as far as possible the shell from the inflated material»

The cutting »chopping or shredding to the desired size and Shape is made according to the tobacco used, not only for the production of cigarettes, but preferably also when cigars or pipe tobacco are produced shouldο

If the expanded cereal grains are used together with tobacco, then they are first mixed with the tobacco and then the mixture is conventionally processed into tobacco products, for example, to a size which corresponds to the tobacco cut is shradded and then mixed with this in the desired ratio »The mixture is then processed into cigarettes in conventional cigarette machines, both into filter cigarettes and into cigarettes without Filter"

Additives such as flavoring agents, moistening agents, ashes »and combustion improvers, fillers and the like can be added to the tobacco / puff material mixture _o Pipe or smoking tobacco products can easily be made by simply blending the expanded material with tobacco and any flavoring agents« »

It will be appreciated that the improvement of the expanded cereal grain with tobacco serves to stretch the tobacco or the To decrease the amount of tobacco with the concomitant fact that the in it The amount of nicotine contained is reduced «This is achieved without

509844/0758

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■ * · Q Μ »

adverse effect on the taste or aroma of the end product »

The amount of expanded material which is geiaisGht or blended with tobacco can vary within a wide range and up to 30 ⁰ A or more, the volume of the tobacco ..

According to the second embodiment of the invention, the β expanded cereal grains are used as tobacco substitutes themselves or with other tobacco-free materials for the manufacture of cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco products. earthworks ,, which dia desired size and shape can be achieved "the B ^ exmgrad, aroma and other properties of the products can tabakfreian by introducing suitable additives ,, such as flavorings" Tabakeic "extracts" nicotine, wetting agents and the like are changed _f Aschenverbesssrungsmittel ₀ the Bremugrad of oxpandierten material can somewhat larger "d _ö h _o the combustion be faster" than with natural tobacco and can therefore dsis expanded material to reduce the internal degree suitable fillers or coat, which change the improvement as Magnesiuntkarboisat ₃ calcium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate and the like _{o o} Zusat2iaeng8 be added is guided by the desired effect "

If the expanded material is used with or without tobacco for the production of smoking materials, the moisture content is preferably adjusted to about 6 to 15% , the material then being well suited _{for the production of the smoking products, or the like}

The following examples are intended to explain the advantages of the present invention. The bulk density was added to these examples the tobacco extender according to the invention by weighing one

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~ 7 -

known volume of the expanded material - as previously described - determined ο In all cases, however, was the sole weight less than 0. AO g / cm, when determined with the 12 sieve «

Be.i8B.iel .1

To 13g geshreddeton puffed rice, 5 »1 (20 wt» -5i) of an aqueous calcium nitrate solution and 2.5 ml (20 wt _c ~ 50 sprayed an aqueous KalAumkarbonatlösung The treated material was dried in air and were then 70 mm cigarettes in a The average weight of the cigarette was 0.34 g and the average pressure gradient over the 70 mm was 45 »4 at the water column _o Under standard FTC conditions, an average puff of 3» 5 was obtained on the smoking machine with each cigarette «

Example 2

The bulk density was determined by the entire puffed rice, which had been previously stored an equilibrium moisture content of 8 to 10 at a relative humidity of 50 to 60 96 to to achieve _o The puffed rice was "then ground in a mixer (Varingblender) and sieved Various Particle sizes were collected and the bulk density determined by weighing 50 car the evenly packed material. Packing was achieved by tapping the bottom of the container at intervals during packing so that the particles sagged o No external pressure was exerted on the particles. The densities of the material are shown in Table I ₀ as a comparison Table II shows the densities of selected tobaccos

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Table I.

retained material on a US standard sieve

Sole weight (g / cm ³ )

No. ₀ 8 Table ZI rehearse 0.0593 No. ₀ 12 expanded, smoky 0.0554 No. ₀ 14 traded tobacco * 0.0534 No. ₀ 16 reinstated tobacco 0.0536 No. 20 0.0558 Nro 30 0.0615 Sole weight, (ff / cm?) 0.07 0.19

conventional cigarette mix without casing or top dressing

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

0.11

These tests show that the puffed rice smoking material is very expanded and low in bulk weight Compared to tobacco that is commonly used to fill cigarettes o

Example 3

The filling capacity of puffed rice was determined »The shredded Puffed rice was cut to a size of 32 strips (schnitzel) per 2.54 cm (1 inch) and thus corresponded very well to the tobacco

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strips or tobacco shreds. In order to measure the filling capacity of the cigarette filling material, a measuring device was used which consisted of a 100 ml graduated cylinder having an inner diameter of 25 mm and a piston, the diameter of which was about 24 mm was ₀ The weight of the piston movable in the cylinder was 802.5 A sample of 3 g was filled into the cylinder and the piston was placed over it. The gravitational force acting on the piston and thus the tobacco corresponded to a pressure of 0.162 kg / cm ο The filling value of the sample is the volume value to which the 3 g sample has been pressed by the piston after an action of 3 minutes _o This pressure corresponds almost to the pressure that is normally exerted by the cigarette paper on the tobacco in the cigarette »

According to this method, the filling capacity of the puffed rice was determined to be 40.3 al per 3 g sample with a moisture content of 9.22 %

Example 4

50 VoIo- * conventional cigarette tobacco _o Aue the Tabetk / puffed rice Kischung * or produced mtrden cigarettes (paper - from geshreddetem puffed rice cigarettes were prepared by admixing 20 VoI ₀ - * or "50 VoI ₀ - * rice with 80 VoI ₀ Scuata Ref »β53) ο The resulting 65 mm long cigarettes were connected to a 20 mn long 3» 3/39 ο 000 cellulose acetate filter and the finished cigarettes were smoked under the FTC standard conditions. The following results were obtained:

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5098U / 0758

Cigarette Compound Weight TPM * Nicotine FTP ** Tar replacement g mg mg mg

tobacco only 0.36 22.8 1.23 17 _? 3

20 vol - ^% extender _{n 7A on} . _{Λ o} , ^ - "80 vol- # tobacco °» ^{78 20?} ^ ¹ * ^{03 15} · ⁶ 50 Vol-56 Extender _{n ςΒ} < _η ^ _{n ΛΛ} -, ,, 50 Vol- # Tobacco ° * ^{58 17} ' ⁵ ° » ^{66 13} ^

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined according to the standard procedures of the FTC (Federal Trade Commission) or similar

In addition to the machine abgerauohten under FTC conditions cigarettes, cigarettes Kit 20v? 5 geshraddetön puffed rice expert compared with cigarettes, "which completely consisted of tobacco smoked, the majority of people found no differences in hardness or the sidestream aroma _o

Example 5

19 £ geshreddeten puffed wheat were 3 nil (20 Gqw-jo) einar aqueous calcium nitrate solution and 2.5 ml (20 wt%) of an aqueous potassium carbonate solution sprayed _o The material so treated was dried in air and were 70 mm cigarettes in a Cigarette machine manufactured (Hauni machine * Ecusta 853 paper) ο The average weight of the cigarettes was 0.36 g and the average pressure gradient over the 70 mm length was 6.4 mm water column average number of trains of 4 _? 0 get ₀

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Example 6

£ 8 was the weight of the debris gesanten Puffweisen, had been stored previously dtr at 50 to 60% relative humidity until Gleiohgewichtsfeuchtigkeitsgehalt 8-10%, determined ₀ The puffed wheat was then ground in a blender (Waring) and sieved. Numerous particles were collected and the debris weight was determined by weighing an evenly packed material of 50 cm *

The deposition was by alternately tapping on the bottom of the container improves "On the material was no external pressure applied, the densities of the material resulting from the Table III Comparison _o densities of conventional tobacco materials are shown in Table IV ₀

Table III

retained material bulk weight

on a US standard sieve (g / cm5)

8 0.0487

12 0.0491

Mr ο 14 0.0557

No. ₀ 16 0.0603

No. _β 20 0.0826

Nro 30 0.0737

Table IV

Sample bulk weight

Mdlerter smoke-treated

Tobacco * 0.07

re-used tobacco 0.19

conventional cigarette mix 0.11

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

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The results show that the smoking material made from puffed wheat is very expanded and has a low bulk density compared to tobacco, which is usually used to fill cigarettes ₀

Example 7

To determine the filling capacity, a heating device as described in Example 3 was again used. The measured filling capacity of the puffed wheat was 3g Sample with a moisture content of 9.13 JJi 48.3 ml ο

Example 8

Ss were prepared cigarettes from geshreddeten puffed wheat, by mixture of 20 VoI ₀ - # or _o 50 Volo-% Puffed wheat 80 VoI ο ~ # or "20 Voic-Ji conventional cigarette tobacco _o As the cigarette paper was Scueta Ref _o 853 used" X ) The 65 mm long cigarettes obtained were provided with a 20 nanometer long 3.3 / 39 * 000 cellulose acetate filter and smoked under the standard FTG = conditions ₀ The following results Γ "were obtained:.-'-.; *

Composition Weight TPH * Nicotine FTC ** Tar gg mg mg

tobacco only 0.86 22.8 1.23 17.3

20 VoI-JO extender 0.74 19.8 0.97 15.2 80 vol- # tobacco

50 vol * extender 0.56 18.0 0.64 13.2 50 VoI- * tobacco

* Total Particulate Hatter

** determined according to the standard procedure of the FTC

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In addition to machine Smoking cigarettes were ο 20 by volume -% Puffed wheat experts smoked, as compared with cigarettes only from tobacco ₀ The Hehrzahl of the subjects made no difference determined in the hardness or the sidestream aroma ο

Example 9

Bulk weight measurements were carried out with puffed millet <> The test conditions correspond to those from Examples 2 and 6 “The results are contained in Table V. For comparison purposes, the apparent weights are selected in Table II Tobacco materials reproduced. "

Table V Table VI sample Rubble weight
(g / cm *) retained material
on a US standard sieve expanded smoke treated 0.049 No. ₀ 8 Tobacco* 0.050 No. ₀ 12 reinstated tobacco 0.052 No. ₀ 14 conventional cigarette mix 0.049 No. ₀ 16 0.051 No. ₀ 20 0.055 No. ₀ 30 Schütt «ewicht Of07 g / cm 0.19 g / cm ³ 0.11 g / cm *

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

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These results show the high expansion and the low Bulk millet density compared to the common tobacco is used to fill cigarettes o

The filling capacity was determined as in Example 3 set out

This resulted in a filling capacity of the puffed millet sample of 5 % with a moisture content of 9 »41% of 39.4 ml _{or the like}

Cigarettes were made from shredded puffed millet, with 20 vol- # or 50 vol ₀ "# millet mixed with 80 vol" - # or ₀ 30 vol - ¹ Js of conventional cigarette tobacco _{o Ecusta Ref o} 853 was used as the cigarette paper . The 65 mm length obtained cigarettes were leach ram with a 20 3 ₉ 3 / 39ο000 cellulose acetate provided lind smoked under standard FTC ^ Bedingimgen wherein showed the following results;

Composition Weight TPM * Nicotine FTC * # Tar

Tobacco only

20 VoIo-Si extender 80 VoIp-Ji tobacco

0o86 22 8th 1" 23 17, 3 0.75 21 1 1" 02 16, 0 0.58 19 7th 0 » 70 14t 5

50 VoIo-Ji extender 50 VoI0-96 tobacco

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined according to the standard procedure of the FTC

In addition to the machine-smoked cigarettes, cigarettes with 20 VoI _o - # Puffhirs © by experts were along with

09844/0758

Comparison cigarettes.,. that contained only tobacco, smoked The experts found no difference in the I & rte herauis ₉ but at least half of them noticed a difference in the taste of the main stream smell and in the side stream aroma ₀

It was bestiaaat the Sciiüttgewicht of Puff-milo, which corresponded been stored previously at a rsüativen humidity of 50 to 60% by GleichgewichtsfauehtigksitsgehaXt from 8 to 10% \ far _o The experimental conditions for determining dee Schüttgeviohtes those of Baispiels 2 "

The results are shown in Table VII. For comparison, the values for selected Tabalanmaterialion are again given in Table VIII _o

Table VII Table VIII sample Bulk weight Cr / cä ³ ) retained material
on a US standard sieve expanded smoke treated
Tobacco* 0.0417 No. ₀ 8 reinstated tobacco 0.0399 Nro 12 conventional cigarette smoke 0.0408 No. ₀ 14 0.0418 No. ₀ 16 0.0448 Nro 20 O _t O519 No. ₀ 30 Bulk weight (s / cm ⁵ ) 0.07 0.19 0.11

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

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The results show * that the Puff-Milolsorn smoking material is very © candied and has a moderate amount of bulk compared to traditional tobacco used for cigarettes _s

Example 15

For determining the filling capacity, the Puff-Milokcrn was shredded and indeed in 32 scavenger per 2 ₃ 54 cm, and corresponded to demit the tobacco shreds _t wherein the fine .Anteil with a US Standard Sieve No. ₀ 14 away wurdeο

The filling capacity was determined as in Example 3 and it was found for a 3 g sample with a moisture content. yon 8 _f 6 ^ % a filling capacity of 59 mlο

From shredded puff “Milokorn”, mixing 20% of ₀ -? bswo 50 % with 80 yol _o - »# or _o 50 VoI _o - $ traditional cigarette tobacco cigarettes manufactured (paper Scusta Ref _e 853} ο

The resulting 65 mm long cigarettes became 20 mm inside long 3 »3/39 ο 000 cellulose acetate filters and finished Cigarettes were smoked under FTC standard conditions the following results were obtained:

composition

only tobacco

20 % by volume of extender 80 % by volume tobacco

50% diluent 50 % tobacco

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined by the Standardverfabren d @ r FTC {Federal Trade Cwamieion) _β

weight TPM * nicotine FTC ** tar μ me mg 0.83 23 _S 1 1.32 17.8 0.71 21.0 1.05 15.8 0.52 19 _f 6 0.76 14.1

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In addition to the machine-smoked cigarettes were experts cigarettes with 20 VoI _ö -% puffed milo and such "contained the only tobacco smoked, the majority of the subjects presented no differences in hardness and strength the Seitenstromaroaia

Example 15

A solution of 1.73 g of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate in 5 ml of water v / urde on 18 g geshreddetes Puff-Mlokora injected _o The Puff-milo was then treated in the same manner with a solution of 0.5 g of potassium carbonate in water and then to 4 si air dried o Then 70 mm cigarettes were produced (Hauni machine) o The average cigarette weight was 0.28 g and the average pressure gradient across the 70 mm cigarette 23.8 mm water column _o Each cigarette was under FTC standard conditions (i.e. a 35 ml Puff of 2 seconds duration every 60 seconds until a stub length of 23 mm is reached) in the smoking machine received an average of 2.5 puffs »

Example 16

Popcorn was ground in a mill (Wiley) «20 mesh sieve ο The popcorn passing through the sieve had a bulk density of -0.12 g / cm ο It was found that unground or ground popcorn was struck with a match with a flame and The ground popcorn was mixed with ordinary cigarette tobacco in a ratio of 50:50 vol Tobacco only cigarettes ₀

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A hexane extract was obtained from r & uchbehsrideltsn 'J'abek ore. In the subsequent concentration of the extracts dureli removal of Hesse, the extract was dissolved in ethanol and ga ~ ehreddetem popcorn with a S © hüttgewi "ht from 0 -05 g / rc. ^ Up · gegeböttö The ethanol could anaeshließöxid evaporate _o Bie of 1 g of tobacco obtained extract aga was sprayed onto 1 g of shredded ^ opokorn. The treated tobacco must ^! de lalt reinserted tobacco was geatischta The additional set of 75 ^ Pci I <o: f /: and 25 # (VoI) Tabako Auf ainar Kaunibaby Zlgaröttenmasrhii; ^ were made with this mixture 2.igarettön hox', whereby -Eousta Refo 836 paper was used « 'DXe Te-ßpersoaen t part tafest _? that the cigarettes were most satisfied Ilona "burned ν-ηά" at-itim ^ to be smoked sait a humble Rsisxmgsgr. '. \ d _? with cigarettes from again © Ingesetstem Tabak _o

Shredded popcorn with a bulk density of 0 _g -05 "g / car ⁵ was mixed with ordinary pipe tobacco. The mixture contained 12 _f 5 νο1 ₉ -9έ Popcorn and oil® other mixture 25% _u - ^ o 'The assessment by the Tsstpersoaaa was carried out as given below:

no difference between gwöhaXiöhsia pipe tobacco »and the mixture with 12 _P 5 VoI ₀ -JS popcorn ^

the misctoing with 25 # Popeont was slightly milder

Both mixtures were brewing as if they were practicing pipe tobacco "

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BATH ORIGINAL

Conventional cigarettes were cut open and the tobacco was removed * A Mtenga of 171> 4 S of this tobacco was extracted with ethyl alcohol and the alcohol was then removed, whereby 46.8 g of extract were obtained. This extract was brought into solution with 50 ml of ethyl alcohol 55 ml of the extract in the alcohol solution was mixed with 265 ml of ground popcorn. The size of the popcorn \ rsx such that the particles pass through

10 sieve passed through, but also a 20 sieve remained

ben and the measured © bulk density was 0 _f 065 g / cm "The alcohol was able to evaporate for a period of a few days," This left a brown coating on the ground popcorn

The coated Popcon was then in Volumenverhältijis 50: mixed 50 with the same cigarette tobacco from which the extract was obtained _o The mixture was rolled into cigarettes, and swar on a Top hand-operated device by using Top cigarette paper to the cigarette cellulose acetate filters were applied ₀ The finished cigarettes were tested and found to be very soft, non-irritating, free of nasal stinging and very tasty «

Example 20

Bulk weight measurements were carried out on popcorn * whereby it had previously been stored at a relative humidity of 50 to 60% until an equilibrium moisture content of 8 to 10% was reached _o The popcorn was ground in a Waring mixer and sieved different particle sizes were collected and the bulk weight thereof was determined using a 50 cnr volume of uniformly packed material was weighed ₀ erfolgta The measurement as described in example 2, moreover, "The

5Q98AWQ758 - 20. -

Bulk density is given in Table IX ₀ in the T & bell © X Schtittgewichte all my popcorn and selected tobacco materials are listed for comparison _P

Tabel

retained material
on a US standard sieve Table X sample
whole popcorn * Bulk weight No. ₀ 8 expanded, smoke-treated
Tobacco** 0.0506 No. "12 recycled tobacco 0.0552 No. ₀ 14 0 * 0638 No. ₀ 16 0 * 0707 No. ₀ 20 0.0824 No. ₀ 30 0.1181 Stibtltt «weight 0 _r 025 g / sm ³ 0.07 g / cm ^ O ₉ 19 g / cm '

Conventional cigarette mix 0 _? 11 g / cm ³

* determined on a 4000 good sample
** expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

The results show the high expansion and low bulk density of the popcorn smoking material compared to tobacco commonly used for cigarettes, _etc.

- 21- '"509844/0758

- 21 example 21,

The filling capacity of two popcorn samples was determined. * The mixture consisted of particles with a size of 1.63 nanometers (12 © r sieve) and the other sample of shredded pocorn, with a size of 32 chips per 2.54 cm (1 inch) _o

The filling capacity was measured as described in Example 3 The results are given in Table XX "

iaballe XI

1 68 ram sample (12 sieve)

shredded sample

set humidity to 65 % rel. humidity %

Filling capacity

Humidity filling capacity

% ml / 3g

0 1 line 3 4 5 6 7 8

6.56

8.64 9.75

43.3

46.5 45.0

9.66

9.85
10.76

45.5

44.8 44.3

10.05

43.3

12.64

44.0

The results show that the filling capacity of the popcorn is unchanged remains, although the percentage of moisture increases over the. · duration of 8 days «. Using the same test procedure shows that smoke-treated tobacco with 12.6% Moisture content, which has been expanded according to US Pat. No. 3,524,451, has a filling capacity of about 20 ml / 3 g «

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Whole popcorn was shredded »until the approximate size of this popcorn particle was as follows: width 0 * 76 to 1 * 02 ioa ₉ buckets 0.76 to 1 * 78 mm, length 2.03 to 17% 8 mm _and the bulk tray was 0, 05 g / cm *

The PopcoratelXchen were mixed with ordinary 2igar®ttontfifeak in different proportions. Tucks were atmn with a 20 mm long 3 _g 3 / 39,000 2e: iluloööacetatfilter Terseiien ₀ The finished 2igaratteiiläs? G: i was 8 ·> ma and the circumference 25 asu The following table shows the compositions and the weights :;

sample VoI _a -Sfi popcorn VoI ~ & Jabak Qevri 0.87 1 O 100 0.83 - 0.33 2 6th 94 0.79 - 0.78 3 12.5 87.5 0 _f 74 ~ 0.77 4th 25th 75 O ₉ 66 - 0.52 5 50 50 0.48 -

Ss were test experiments made with mixtures only to the tobacco and those with 12.5 VoI ₀ - ^ Popcorn "The smokers presented no differences in taste firm but found the popcorn ·" mix a mild venig ₀

- 23 -

5 09844/0758 BAD ORIG (NAt

Example 23

Popcorn was adjusted to a moisture content of 8.5 % and shredded _o The particle size was 0.12 χ 1.14 mm and the bulk density 0.05 g / cm o These chips were mixed with conventional tobacco in various amounts. The paper was Ecus ta Ref ο 556 used, and the production of the cigarette was made on a Haunibabymaschinec the length was 65 MH ₀ the cigarettes were provided with a 20 met long 3.3 / 39ο000 later cellulose acetate _t

VoI e -,% extender pure tobacco Smoke analysis Weight in g mc 87 _ 3 % Extender TPM * (without FiI 4.9 83 3 5 % extender JSM 0.83 - 0, 3.4 78 7th 0 % extender 25, 0.79 - 0, 3.8 70 8th 0 % extender 23, 0 _f 74 - 0, 3.9 52 9 21 0.66 ~ 0, 3.7 O (pure tobacco) 2O ₁ 0.48 - 0, 6.0 18 FTC ** tar 12.5 L- Nicotine ** TPM * water 25.0 , 7 me 19 50.0 »0 1.46 18 , 5 1.27 16, sample , 6 1.08 15, , 2 0.92 13 » 0.55 6th 12, 25, 5O ₃

* Total Particulate! Bold

** according to standard FTC procedures

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509844/0758

- 24 example

line solution of 1.73 g of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate in 5 ml of water was sprayed onto 19 g of shredded popcorn. The popcorn was then treated in the same way with a solution of O ₃ 5 g of potassium carbonate in 4 ml of water and then dried in the air on a small Haunimaschin © with üSeusta 853 paper cigarette manufactured by 70 mm "the average weight of the cigarettes was 0 ^ 38 g, and the pressure gradient üb © r dia 70 Jam 8.25 mm WS, the medium Aasahl the flue © was under FTC standard conditions 4 '2 ₀ .

ΒβΐΒβ1β1_25

Ea became the Sehüttgewielit at a relative humidity «Ines ßl © A © hg @ wiohtsieuclit £ gk © it§§ was «, the determination was made

The results and comparison? ΧΪΙΙ and XI? reproduced

before

f & '© is for

7% was stored game 20 stated _o

in the colors

Table Uli

retained material on a US standard sieve

No. ₀ 8 No. ₀ 12 No. ₀ 14 No. ₀ 16 No. ₀ 20 30

Bulk density (g / cm ³ )

O ₉ 1050 0.1108 0.1057 0.1237 0.1322 0.1315

509844/0758

- 25 -

- 25 - Table XIV

Sample bulk weight, (g / car)

expanded smokehouse trader

Tabalt * 0.07

re-used tobacco 0.19

conventional cigarette mix 0.11

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,52k 451

Example .26

The filling capacity of puffed rye was determined, the test procedure corresponding to that of Example 3. With a moisture content of 7.58 % , the filling capacity of the 3g sample was 31.5 ml

Example 27

Made of geshreddetem Puffroggen of cigarettes, by mixture of 20 VoI ₀ - # or "50 _n -96 VoI rye and 80 VoI ₀ -Ji bzwo VoI 50 ο 96-conventional cigarette tobacco _o were produced from the tobacco / Puffroggenmischung with Ecusta Ref ₀ 853 paper 65 mm long cigarettes were produced, which were then provided with a 20 mm long 3 »3 / 39ο000 cellulose acetate filter«. The smoking took place under FTC standard conditionso

Composition Weight TPM * (length 65 mm) g jag_

pure tobacco 0.89 25.1

Rye 20 Volo-56 Puff _{n 7q} 80 Volo- # tobacco ° ^'79

nicotine
mg FTC ** tar
mg 1 * 3? 18 1.11 17, 0 79 16, • 9 ,8th ►ο

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined according to the standard procedure of the FTC

- 26 -

~ 26

In addition, cigarettes were mot 20 VoI ₀ -% Puffroggen experts compared with cigarettes made of pure tobacco smoked, 40% of subjects showed a preference for the Puffroggen containing cigarettes while 35% were of the opinion * that these cigarettes were mild and had a better Gesamtgeschmaclt ,,

Example 28

Bs is the bulk density of puffed oats certain had been previously stored at 60% humidity until they reach an equilibrium moisture content of 6.5% _o The determination was carried out otherwise as described in Example 12 angegebsno The results and comparison results are shown in Tables XV and wiedergegebenο

Table XV Table XVI sample Bulk weight (g / csr) retained material exp »smoke-treated tobacco * on a US standard sieve reinstated tobacco 0.1197 No. ₀ θ conventional cigarette mix 0.1258 No. ₀ 12 0.1292 No. ₀ 14 0.1286 No. ₀ 16 0.1338 No. ₀ 20 0.1388 No. ₀ 30 Bulk weight (g / car) 0.07 0.19 0.11

* expanded according to ÜS-PS 3 524 451

5098AA / 0758

- 27

The same procedure as in the example was used to determine the filling capacity 3 described

For the 3g sample with a moisture content of 7 »52 * resulted 26.5 ml ο

Example 30

Aue puffed oats were made cigarettes, and by mixing 20 vol. 96 or 50 vol. * oats with 80 VoIo- * or «30 VoIο-96 conventional cigarette tobacco,

The cigarettes made from Scusta Ref * 853 paper with a finger of 65 mm was then followed by a 20 mm long one 33 / 39oOOO cellulose acetate filter and the finished Ziga »

composition
Length 65 mw weight
μ TPM *
mg nicotine
mc FTC ** tar
mg pure tobacco 0.89 25.1 1.33 18.9 20 VoIc- * puffed oats
80 VoI ₀ - * tobacco 0.80 23.9 1 * 17 18.5 50 VoIc- * Puffhflf * »r
50 vol .- * tobacco 0.65 24.8 0.98 19.0

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined according to the standard procedure of the FTC

In comparison, experts have cigarettes with 20 VoIo- * shredded puffed oats and cigarettes only smoked with tobacco "whether" Probably the majority of people thought that pure tobacco cigarettes had a better overall taste because they contained oats 40 * rated cigarettes as milder, while 25 * rated none

5098A4 / 0758 -28-

Difference In the mild © & -srausfind _σ 35 % would either give the pack cigarette «& @ n preference © the ®s' was not. Difference in preference between the test and the & © ntr © llslg & r © tt @ a made

became the SohüttgewteSit ¥ © a Fuffgerste ^ © right ^ di ©

at 60 ^ ffelatlv @ r moisture Me ^ tar Brreielsag © ia @ s ge ¥ iolj.tsf3uo! it: lg & @ itsg # talteß i? © n @tim 5 % gelagarl ^ ^ j ^ M © »- was ο the Beßtiisanrng itself took place wi © i® Bgdspiül 2

© lad As um, S®feGÜ © äa 2EfIS uaM OTIX

MBMdMJsMa,

Mß ^c

Mr ₄₅ S. ΪΪΓο 12th Ir, 14th No! 20th Kr ₀ 30th

ρ 135, 1723

exp «rough-treated tobacco ^ O

re-used tobacco 0.19

Conventional Zlgarette cleaning 0.11

* expanded according to US-PS 3,524,451

-

50984 4/0758

Example 32

The determination of the filling capacity according to BoIspiel 3 resulted in 22.8 ml for the 3g sample with a moisture content of 6.26%,

Example 53

In the mixing ratios of 20 by volume ₀ - # bz * r _o 50 VoIο- # geshreddeter Puffgerete 80 by volume "- $ b2vr _o 50 vol _o - # conventional cigarette tobacco produced with Ecuata Ref» 853 paper cigarettes of 65 mm length, then have been provided with a 20 mza long 3t3 / 39,000,000 ifelluloseaeetatfliter and have been smoked under FTC standard conditions _e

Composition Weight TPM * Nicotine FTC ** Tar (65 BBB length) g mg mg ag

pure tobacco 0.88 23.5 1.29 18.2

20 Volo- # Puffed barley ο ao 22 Q 1 10 18 1 80 Vol _o ~ # Tobacco ^{0> ö} ° ^Z2 * ^{9 1il0} ^ ⁰ * ¹

50 VoIo-56 Puff barley _{Λ Λ} « ₉ , c _{n ρή} ^ _{n Λ} 50 Volo-3i Tobacco ^{0 <> 68 23} ' ⁵ °' ^{86 18} '°

Cigarettes with 20 VoI "~ # geshreddeter Puff barley were experts containing a tobacco control cigarettes smoked ₀ 40% of people attracted the barley-containing cigarettes before and half evaluated these cigarettes as mild, while 15% noted no difference in mildness"

Example 34

The bulk weight of puff triticale was determined, again with prior storage at a relative humidity of 60 % until an equilibrium moisture content

5098A4 / 0758

- 30 -

hold of about θ % took place «

Trltlcale is a well-known hybrid of sages (genus Triticum) and rye (genus Seealle) «,

The determination was carried out as indicated in Example 2. The results and comparative results are in Tables XIX and χχ listed:

retained material Sehüttgeutoht (g / cm ⁵ )

on a US standard, S ₁ ieb ^^^^^^^ »^^^

No. ₀ 8 0.0673

No. "12 0.0579

No. ₀ 14 0.0769

No * 16 0.0791

No. «, 20 0.0842

No. ₀ 30 0.0871

Table XX

Sample bulk weight (g / cm ³ )

expo smoke-treated tobacco * 0.07

re-used tobacco 0.19

conventional cigarette mix 0.11

* expanded according to U.S. Patent 3,524,451

The results show the high expansion and the low apparent density Compared to tobacco that is commonly used to fill cigarettes is taken"

~ 31 "509844/0758

Example 35

It became the filling capacity of puff triticale as in the example 3 described certain

The 3g sample with a moisture content of 8.30 # had one Filling capacity of 42.4 ml *

# 80 triticale VoI, -56 * KZE Voio Ji-produced conventional tobacco, wherein Senate Ref was used paper 853 ₀ The 65 mm long - from geahreddetea Fuff-triticale cigarettes were prepared by mixing 20 vol "- # bzso 50 volume <> Cigarettes were fitted with a 20 am long 3 »3 / 39,000,000 cellulose acetate filter. The results are given below;

Composition Weight TPM * Nicotine FTC ** Tar

6g nan Ifflige) g JS & », mg ,,,. ag

pure tobacco 0.89 23 »4 '1.29 17»?

20 volo ~ 6 triticale
80 Volo-5i tobacco

50 VoI ₀ -Ji Tritioale _Λ r _{Q on} « _Λ « _A - «, 50 Volo-56 Tobacco °» ^{59 20} » ² ° ^{'75 15} » ²

* Total Particulate Matter

** determined according to the standard FTC procedures

20 VoIο- # Puff-Triticale containing cigarettes were from Experts compared cigarettes containing pure tobacco smokedο

45 % of the people preferred the test cigarettes or did not make any difference between the test and the control

5 098AW0758 -32-

Cigarettes in terms of preference solid _{or similar}

35 56 _g indicated that the Testzigarettsn were mild "while 25% do not Untersehied in the clemency discovered" · A wetter overall ·· was taste test cigarettes au awarded 30% _o

In summary, it is found that the * to@soh.ri©'aen©a ₉ findungsgeiaäßen © candied materials vnd tobacco numerous' benefits demonstration © n ₀

From the standpoint wirtsehaftlieinen nieht sn.ua "is occurring thereby lower © Tabakverbraucli irojrteilSxaftj genders and the reduction of Hikotinso Di © sßgenasiatsa Taeraiiteil © are also geriag @ r ₉ as the TPC ßehalt general © © ia in gerisager is than tobacco, Di © Ilikotin «> fr # i © si @ spaadiert © ii. K3tü®v BiMa easy to manufacturej, light as you getSj, relatively ai @ di? Ig in d © s costs and affect tqes S # s @ tea © k @d © s * ls "« i @, h @? si © ht cll @ fabak productsο

The expanded "materials bx> 8eke3ii ni © tt _Si skins bei® Rauohen the cigarette not together νωή h®MM &^<§T% m siieht the or pulling"

- Claims - 33 -

50984A / 0758

Claims (1)

Claims t Smoking material characterized in that it expanded Contain grains 2 ο smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded cereal grains are in the form of schnitzel, 3 ο smoking material according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it also contains tobacco 4c smoking material according to claim 3 »characterized in that the expanded cereal grains in an amount up to 50 VoI ♦ - # of Tobacco are included " 5ο smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded grain is popcorn » 6ο smoking material according to claim i, characterized in that the expanded grain is puffed rice » 7ο smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded cereal puffed rye iet ₀ 8. smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded grain is puff wheat. 9β smoking material according to claim 1, .dadurch in that the expanded cereal Puffhirse ₀ Smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded grain is Puffhafer ₀ 509844/0758 -34- 11ft smoking material according to claim 1 »characterized ₉ that the expanded grain is puffed milk grain _o 12o smoking material according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded grain is puffed barley » 13o smoking material according to claim 1 _8, characterized in that the expanded grain is puff-tri-ale _o 14o smoking material according to claims 1 to 13 »thereby ' * indicates that the expanded (J ^ treidekönisr as Fill material included Dipi.-Ing. P. E. Meissner Patent attorney 5098AA / 0758