DE2426448C2 - Verfahren zur Reinigung des bei der Herstellung von Estern entstehenden Abwassers - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Reinigung des bei der Herstellung von Estern entstehenden AbwassersInfo
- Publication number
- DE2426448C2 DE2426448C2 DE2426448A DE2426448A DE2426448C2 DE 2426448 C2 DE2426448 C2 DE 2426448C2 DE 2426448 A DE2426448 A DE 2426448A DE 2426448 A DE2426448 A DE 2426448A DE 2426448 C2 DE2426448 C2 DE 2426448C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- wastewater
- esters
- waste water
- organic
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 aromatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008050 dialkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCO QDTDKYHPHANITQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004440 Isodecyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004439 Isononyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;sodium Chemical compound [Na].[H][H] XONPDZSGENTBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003022 phthalic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/025—Thermal hydrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
- C02F2103/38—Polymers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Priority Applications (19)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7505820.A NL162616C (nl) | 1974-05-31 | Werkwijze voor het zuiveren van het bij de bereiding van esterweekmakers verkregen afvalwater. | |
| DE2426448A DE2426448C2 (de) | 1974-05-31 | 1974-05-31 | Verfahren zur Reinigung des bei der Herstellung von Estern entstehenden Abwassers |
| AT722574A AT333671B (de) | 1974-05-31 | 1974-09-09 | Verfahren zur reinigung des bei der herstellung von esterweichmachern entstehenden abwassers |
| SU752133353A SU695550A3 (ru) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-15 | Способ очистки сточных вод от органических соединений |
| NL7505820.A NL162616B (nl) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-16 | Werkwijze voor het zuiveren van het bij de bereiding van esterweekmakers verkregen afvalwater. |
| RO7582306A RO66358A (fr) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-22 | Procede pour la purification des eaux residuaires obtenues dans la fabrication des plastifiants en base d'esters |
| GB2230475A GB1467936A (en) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-22 | Process for purifying the waste water from the production of polybasic carboxylic acid esters |
| SE7505851A SE408788B (sv) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-22 | Sett for rening av avloppsvatten fran framstellning av estermjukningmedel |
| HU75RU00000159A HU172413B (hu) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-23 | Sposob dlja umen'shenija kalichestva organicheskikh soedinenijj v stochnykh vodakh proiskhodjahhikh v khode poluchenija mjagchitelejj-slozhnykh efirov |
| FR7516222A FR2272956B1 (enExample) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-23 | |
| JP50061810A JPS5858337B2 (ja) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-23 | エステルカソザイノセイゾウデシヨウジル ハイスイノセイジヨウカホウ |
| PL1975180664A PL107635B1 (pl) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-23 | Sposob oczyszczania sciekow powstajacych przy produkcji zmiekczaczy estrowych |
| BE156698A BE829476A (fr) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-26 | Procede perfectionne d'epuration des eaux residuaires de la preparation d'esters plastifiants |
| AU81518/75A AU493185B2 (en) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-26 | Process for purifying the wastewater fromthe production of polybasic carboxylic acid esters |
| BR4205/75A BR7503289A (pt) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-26 | Processo para purificacao da agua residual originada na preparacao de plastificantes de esteres |
| ES437932A ES437932A1 (es) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-26 | Procedimiento para la depuracion del agua residual que se produce en la fabricacion de los plastificantes de esteres. |
| IT49822/75A IT1035867B (it) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-28 | Procedimento epr la depurazione delle acque di rifiuto chesi formano nella produzione di plastificanti per esteri |
| CA228,122A CA1056738A (en) | 1974-05-31 | 1975-05-30 | Esterification process waste water purification |
| US05/748,269 US4066835A (en) | 1974-05-31 | 1976-12-07 | Process for purifying the waste water produced in the process of producing ester plasticizers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2426448A DE2426448C2 (de) | 1974-05-31 | 1974-05-31 | Verfahren zur Reinigung des bei der Herstellung von Estern entstehenden Abwassers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2426448B1 DE2426448B1 (de) | 1975-11-20 |
| DE2426448C2 true DE2426448C2 (de) | 1984-05-17 |
Family
ID=5917008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2426448A Expired DE2426448C2 (de) | 1974-05-31 | 1974-05-31 | Verfahren zur Reinigung des bei der Herstellung von Estern entstehenden Abwassers |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5858337B2 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | AT333671B (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE829476A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7503289A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1056738A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2426448C2 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES437932A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2272956B1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1467936A (enExample) |
| HU (1) | HU172413B (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1035867B (enExample) |
| NL (2) | NL162616B (enExample) |
| PL (1) | PL107635B1 (enExample) |
| RO (1) | RO66358A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE408788B (enExample) |
| SU (1) | SU695550A3 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2553840C3 (de) * | 1975-11-29 | 1981-01-29 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Druckhydrolytische Behandlung von Abwasser |
| DE2818680A1 (de) * | 1978-04-27 | 1979-10-31 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur aufarbeitung von nitro-hydroxy-aromaten enthaltenden abwaessern |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1560683A (enExample) * | 1968-02-26 | 1969-03-21 |
-
0
- NL NL7505820.A patent/NL162616C/xx active
-
1974
- 1974-05-31 DE DE2426448A patent/DE2426448C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-09-09 AT AT722574A patent/AT333671B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1975
- 1975-05-15 SU SU752133353A patent/SU695550A3/ru active
- 1975-05-16 NL NL7505820.A patent/NL162616B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-22 RO RO7582306A patent/RO66358A/ro unknown
- 1975-05-22 SE SE7505851A patent/SE408788B/xx unknown
- 1975-05-22 GB GB2230475A patent/GB1467936A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-23 PL PL1975180664A patent/PL107635B1/pl unknown
- 1975-05-23 HU HU75RU00000159A patent/HU172413B/hu unknown
- 1975-05-23 FR FR7516222A patent/FR2272956B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-05-23 JP JP50061810A patent/JPS5858337B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-05-26 BE BE156698A patent/BE829476A/xx unknown
- 1975-05-26 ES ES437932A patent/ES437932A1/es not_active Expired
- 1975-05-26 BR BR4205/75A patent/BR7503289A/pt unknown
- 1975-05-28 IT IT49822/75A patent/IT1035867B/it active
- 1975-05-30 CA CA228,122A patent/CA1056738A/en not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| NICHTS-ERMITTELT * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2426448B1 (de) | 1975-11-20 |
| JPS5858337B2 (ja) | 1983-12-24 |
| NL162616B (nl) | 1980-01-15 |
| GB1467936A (en) | 1977-03-23 |
| RO66358A (fr) | 1979-08-15 |
| SE7505851L (sv) | 1975-12-01 |
| NL162616C (nl) | |
| CA1056738A (en) | 1979-06-19 |
| SU695550A3 (ru) | 1979-10-30 |
| FR2272956B1 (enExample) | 1977-04-15 |
| BE829476A (fr) | 1975-11-26 |
| PL107635B1 (pl) | 1980-02-29 |
| AT333671B (de) | 1976-12-10 |
| BR7503289A (pt) | 1976-05-25 |
| FR2272956A1 (enExample) | 1975-12-26 |
| ES437932A1 (es) | 1977-01-01 |
| IT1035867B (it) | 1979-10-20 |
| HU172413B (hu) | 1978-08-28 |
| SE408788B (sv) | 1979-07-09 |
| AU8151875A (en) | 1976-12-02 |
| NL7505820A (nl) | 1975-12-02 |
| JPS514117A (en) | 1976-01-14 |
| ATA722574A (de) | 1976-03-15 |
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