DE2354485A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING CEMENT SHEETS - Google Patents

Description

DIPL.-IN6. DR. IUR, 'DIPL.-IN6.

VOLKER BUSSE, DIETRICH BUSSE

45 OSNABRDCK, October 30, 1973. "

MOSERSTRASSE 2O / 24 L / pt

CALIFORNIA CEMENT SHAKE CO. INC.

1025. Westminster Avenue, Alhambra,
California, 91803, USA

Method and device for the production of cement boards

The invention relates to a method and a device for Manufacture of cement boards. -

3s there is a constant need for building panels for roofs and walls that are relatively light, fire-resistant, waterproof, ₅ nailable, heat-insulating and relatively cheap. For example, there is a need for refractory cement panels for roof coverings that are not required to meet applicable building regulations

loads greater than approximately 34 kg / m (700 lbs. per 100 square feet) Effect roof area.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method and an apparatus by which the production of Cement boards ,, z. B. roof tiles or tiles or shingles, is possible in a simple and rational way.

409820/0796

To this end, the method according to the invention is essentially characterized characterized in that a flowable, aqueous, cementitious Br-ei prepares a selected amount of the porridge in Brought plate shape, the slurry formed in this way for pressing pressurized by water and the resulting plate is cured.

Preferably the. porridge made in plate form for support the plate shape before the pressure treatment vibrated

The pulp plate is expediently transported during the pressure treatment and the pressure treatment increased during transport

Preferably, the pressure treatment is carried out by applying pressure onto the surface of the porridge plate through a. the plate surface is carried out through the applied plastic film.

The selected amount of mash can be placed on an inclined support in Plate shape are brought, the surface of the slurry freely adopt a substantially horizontal, flat shape can. This creates a wedge-shaped plate. In this case, the pulp plate is expedient at a large number of locations supported with sufficient gaps for water to pass through.

Preferably, the selected amount of mash is at its (Jmfang zur Limited formation of a substantially rectangular plate shape.

4 0 9820/0798

Furthermore, a surface configuration can occur during the pressure treatment be molded into the surface of the slab.

As a flowable, aqueous, cementitious paste, Portland cement, Perlite, fiberglass, cellulose pulp, slaked lime and water can be used.

Animal fat can also be added to the pulp, previously is intimately connected with the slaked lime contained in the mixture.

Preferably, the slaked lime is prepared beforehand by unslaked lime with water to form an exothermic reacting Mixture is connected, the animal fat being the reacting Mixture is added.

The animal fat can be added in the form of sebum.

Calcium nitrate and chloride salts of potassium can also be added to the porridge and calcium can be added.

Finally, an air-entraining agent can also be added to the slurry.

The invention also includes an apparatus for making Cement boards, which is characterized by a dispensing device for a flowable, aqueous, cementitious paste, one Molding device in the path of the pulp to receive an

409 8207 0 79 6

selected slurry quantity and for their molding in plate form, the molding device having a frame and a perforated support for the slurry, a vibrating device for vibrating the support and the frame as well as the pulp plate and a pressing device including a mold plate for a vacuum set ^r : er:

the porridge plate from the top to squeeze out water from this for discharge through the perforated support.

The device can also have a hardening device for hardening of the vibrated and pressure-treated plate.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the claims and the following description of one in the Drawing illustrated embodiment. In the drawing show:

1 shows a flow diagram of an apparatus according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus for pressure treatment and water removal of FIG. 1;

• Fig. 3 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 2;

FIG. H shows an enlarged section along the line Hk in FIG. 3; FIG.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged section along the line 5-5 of FIG. 3; FIG.

Fig. 6 shows the shingle moldings used in Fig. 1 in perspective exploded view;

409820/0796

Fig. 7th Pig. 8th Pig. 9 Pig. 10

a section along the line 7-7 of the .Fig. 6; an enlarged view of the shingle removal the device according to the. Figures 2 and 3; a perspective view of the manufactured clapboard and

a section through the curing device

Fig. 1.. -

Referring first to FIG. 1, it can be seen 12 (volcanic glass powder) of an aqueous mass 13 of glass fibers I ¹ I and cellulose 15 (z. B. cardboard) and slaked lime formed at 10, an aqueous Geraisch of Portland cement 11, perlite sixteenth As can be seen, the glass fibers and the cellulose can be premixed with water 19 at 17, while slaked lime can be preformed at 1.8 by combining unslaked lime 20, water 21 and sebum 22. Furthermore, an aqueous mass can be added to the mixture at 10, which consists of an accelerator or hardener 24 premixed with water 26 at 25. Finally, a small amount of Darex can be added to mixer 10 at 27 and a dye can be added at 70. From the mixture, for. B. formed by shaping at 29, roof or wall panels which, as indicated at 30, are cured at 31 to produce the product. As stated above, the product is relatively light, fire-resistant, cheap, waterproof, resilient enough to be sawed and nailed, and highly insulating. In particular, the mixture is exceptionally good for molding and curing in the form of shingles, such as roof tiles with decorative corrugations, the

409820/0796

at 32 in Pig. 9 can be seen, suitable.

Excellent results are obtained when the ingredients of the mixture prepared at 10th present in the following proportions are:

a) 81.6 to 88.5 kg (180 to 195 lbs) of Portland cement

b) 32.7 to 40.8 kg (72 to 90 lbs.) of pearlite

c) 113.4 to 226.8 g (-4 to 8 ounces) of Darex

d) 144 to 174 1 (38 to .46 gallons) of mass

e) 7 to 9 gallons (26.5 to 34.1 l) of mass

f) 2.3 to 3/8 l (0.6 to 1 gallons) of the mass

Portland cement is used for fire resistance, while perlite gives the product a light weight and a Sawing and nailing is possible and the water-tightness is increased.

An example of this is as follows: Use 1675 l (44 gallons of pulp 13, 2.85 1 (3/4 gallons) of pulp 23, 113.4 g (4 ounces of Darex, and if desired, a selected dye and mix together Next add 30.3 l (8 gallons) of the mass 16 and 85.3 kg (188 lbs) of portland cement to the mixture and mix for two minutes, finally add 38.1 kg (84 lbs) of pearlite (Redco Ine type 27) to the mixture and mix for four minutes. The resulting mixture is then ready for processing at 29 and 30 to make the product. Darex is a product of WR Grace Co .; USA ₃ and is an air entrainer .

409820/0796

As far as mixing stage 17 is concerned, best results are obtained with proportions of 18.1 to 21.8 kg (40 to 48 lbs.) Of waste. Shredded cardboard in combination with 0.9 to 1.8 kg (2 to 4 lbs. Of glass fibers (the glass and wood fibers increase the strength of the product) and 1325 to 1420 1 (350 to 375 gallons) of water for wiping to create a homogeneous, pulp forming mass 13. For the slaking process indicated at 18, proportions of 20.4 to 24.9 kg (45 to 55 lbs.) of unslaked lime with 94.6 to 114 l (25 to 30 gallons) are required to achieve the best results. Water for an exothermic reaction due to rapid hydration is then added, then 5 _S 7 to 9.5 1 (1.5 to 2.5 gallons) of tallow is added to the hot mixture and mixed (for water tightness of the product) to create the mass 16 Finally, in the mixing process indicated at 25. 1.4 to 2.3 kg (3 to 5 lbs.) Of an accelerator or hardener powder are added to 3.8 to 11.4 liters (1 to 3 gallons) of warm water to produce the Dissolved mass 23. An unusually advantageous accelerator or hardener (the one quickly it causes the product to set and increases its watertightness) consists primarily of calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and potassium chloride and has the following composition based on the proportions by weight:

CuCl ₂ 1 _S 3 $
KCl. .__ £, 0%
CaCIo £ 50.1

Cl ₂ (SO ₁₁ ) _7i 2 ₅ '

40 9 8 20/0796

Ca (NO ₃ J ₂ '- 15.95?
others (water and balance
Impurities)

An example of this is as follows: 1.8 kg (4 lbs) accelerator or hardening powder, e.g. B. Berylex (a product of the Berylex National Sales division of Harry Warde and Co., - Kansas City,
Missouri, USA) is dissolved in 7.5 liters (2 gallons) of warm water to produce mass 23

A typical blend at 10 has the following composition in percent by weight : ■. -.

area

55 to 60
0.50 to 1.0 0 to 0.1 0.20 to 0.50 2.0 to 3.0 0.4 to 1.0 0.02 to 0.04 0 to 2.0

20 to 30

10 to 15

component Weight percent water 57.91 Waste cardboard (organic) 0.75 glass fiber 0.03 Berylex 0.20 lime 2.2 Sebum (organic) 0.52 Darex 0.03 colour 1.1 cement 25.66 Perlite 11.6.

409820 / Ö79B

Reference is now again made to FIG. 1, in which a pump is designated by 35, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet J> 6 of the mixer 10 and the outlet of which conveys the mixture to a filling container or funnel 37. From the latter, regulated amounts of the mixture are fed by gravity to the mold 29 via a closure or a lock, which is formed by an upper valve 38 and a lower valve 39, which are connected to the conveying line formed ^{by the strands 40a, 1} IOb and ^{1 JOc 1} IO are connected. ·

From Figs. 3, 4 and 6 it can be seen that the mixture at 42 is conveyed into the mold 29, where it takes the form of a plate 43 assumes and is supported on a flat screen 44, which according to the drawing by a few degrees compared to is inclined above the horizontal. The screen is in turn supported by an inclined plate 45. There is also one on the Plate 45 supported rectangular frame 44b in the screen frame 44a and forms the periphery of the plate 43 into a rectangular shape the end.

Next, the above arrangement is transferred to a station 46 and subjected to a generally horizontal, rapid vibration. For this purpose, the plate 45 can be articulated 47 be connected to a small crank 48 which is rotated by a driven rotor 49. The oscillation amplitude can, for. B. about 9.5 now and the frequency about 300 oscillations per minute. As a result, the surface takes on

409820/07

of the untied pulp, forming the plate 43, forms a horizontal line, while the overall plate itself is or is tapered. It should be noted that the plate, the screen 44 and the bottom ¹ Oa of the plate to an angle. "- can be supported from the horizontal in such a Vibratior to the plate form with a shingle wedge angle, as well as from Figure 9 can be seen.

Subsequently, the arrangement (at 51a in Fig. 2) on a Transfer conveyor 51 and a thin separating sheet 49 (e.g. a Kunststoffaie) placed on the surface 43b of the material 43. A rectangular form and pressure plate 50 is placed on this sheet and inserted into the frame 46. When the conveyor is moving 51 to the left in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plate 5o becomes progressively stronger by a series of pressure rollers 52 arranged at an angle pressurized, which may be interconnected at 53. As a result, the mold plate 50 gives an upward slope Pressure that is transferred through the film 49 to the plate 43 is used to squeeze water out of the material, which helps harden the latter. ELe paper pulp fibers hold during this pressing back the cement in the product. Furthermore, an irregularly grooved surface can be formed on the material as shown at 43c in FIG. 9, by placing the mold plate with a correspondingly fluted plate opposite the plate to be produced Has surface 97.

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The conveyor itself can have drainage channels 50 as shown in FIG. 5 and the water removed from the material 'can be stored in a collecting container illustrated at 56 in FIG. 3 to be collected. Endless conveyor chains with sprockets 58 and a drive 59 can be seen at 57. After completion During the pressing process, the mold plates are removed and placed on an inclined return conveyor 60. This transfer of the Mold plates are indicated by the arrow 61 in FIG. 3. The frame 44b is removed from the finished panel 43 and the latter can be lifted off the sieve 44, as indicated at 99 in FIG is. When using a No. 20 screen of the US standard screen series with a wire diameter of 0.016 ", the product, can be easily removed intact and without blocking. The sieve 44 and the associated frame 44a together with the frame 44b can, as shown in FIG be set in the manner described above.

Finally, the wedge-shaped plate 43 can be inserted ^{into an oven 65 (FIG. 10) after removing the separating sheet}} \ 9 on a base 64 and exposed to the thermal radiation of lamps 66, whereupon the plates or shingles are air-dried in a chamber 67 and to be completed of hardening. As can be seen, the device is particularly well suited for the production of cement slabs or shingles in a production line mode of operation.

409820 / 07S6

Claims (1)

Expectations: Method for producing cement panels, characterized in that that a flowable, aqueous cementitious paste prepares a selected amount of the paste in plate form, the slurry thus formed for squeezing, pressurized with water, and the resulting plate is hardened will. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slurry brought into plate form to support the Plattenformbil application is shaken before pressure treatment. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pulp plate transported and during the pressure treatment the pressure treatment is increased during transport. 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pressure treatment by Dx-uck transfer on the surface of the Breiplatt.e through a on the Plate surface applied plastic film is executed through. -. 5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, there characterized in that the selected amount of mash is brought into plate form on an inclined support and the surface of the pulp assumes a substantially horizontal, planar shape. 409820/0796 6 ". Method according to one or more of claims 1 to" 5, characterized in that the pulp plate at a plurality of locations with sufficient for a passage of water Gaps is supported » 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the selected amount of mash on its circumference is limited to form a substantially rectangular plate shape. 8. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a surface configuration is formed in the surface of the pulp plate during the pressure treatment will. . 9. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that as a flowable, aqueous, cementitious pulp a portland cement, perlite, fiberglass, A mixture comprising cellulose pulp, slaked lime and water is used, 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that animal fat is added to the pulp, which is previously intimately combined with the slaked lime contained in the mixture. 11. The method according to claim 10, · characterized in that de! » perforated lime is prepared beforehand by unslaking Lime with water to form an exothermic mixture! - Ill - connected and the animal fat to the reacting mixture, is added. 12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that that the animal fat is added in the form of sebum. 13 · Method according to one or more of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the pulp and calcium nitrate Chloride salts of potassium and calcium are added. 14. The method according to one or more of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that an air-entraining agent is added to the pulp. . ■ 15. The method according to one or more of claims 9 to characterized in that the porridge portland cement, perlite, cellulose pulp, fiberglass, slaked lime and water in the men share of a) 81.6 to 88.5 kg of cement b) 32.7 to 40 * 8 kg perlite, c) I ¹ I ¹ I to YJk 1 contain aqueous, glass fiber de cellulose pulp and d) 26.5 to 3 ¹ IjI 1 slaked lime contains, the cellulose pulp containing glass fibers comprises proportions of 18.1 to 21.8 kg of cellulose fibers, 0.9 to 1.8 kg of glass fibers and 1325 to I ¹ I20 1 of water and the slaked lime from proportions of 20, ¹ to 24, 9 kg of quicklime and 94.6 to 114 l of water are formed. 409820/079 6 .16. Method according to claims 14 and 15, characterized in that that the pulp a proportion of 113.4 to 22'6.8 g of the air-entraining agent is added. 17. The method according to claims 13 to 15 _? characterized in that the pulp amounts of 2.3 to 3.8 1 of an aqueous. Solution of calcium nitrate and chloride salts of potassium and calcium in proportions of 1.8 kg of powdery salts and 7.6 l of water are added. 18. Device for producing a cement board, characterized by a dispensing device (17,18,25,10,36,35,37,4Oa, 38,4Ob, 39, ¹ IOc) for a flowable, aqueous, cement-containing slurry ₉ a molding device ( 29) in the path of the pulp delivery to receive a selected quantity of pulp and to shape it in the shape of a plate, the forming device having a frame (44b) and a perforated support (44) for the pulp, a vibrating device (45 _S 47,48,49) for Shaking of the support and the frame as well as the pulp plate and a pressing device (52,53) including a mold plate (5o) for pressurizing the pulp plate from its upper side to squeeze water out of it for removal through the perforated support. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized by a Curing device (65,66,67) for the vibrated and pressure-treated Plate. 409820/079 6 overtop