DE2352271A1 - MULTI-TRAVEL MULTI-STEP WIRE DRAWING MACHINE - Google Patents

Description

PATENTANWÄLTE D 59 Siegen DIPL-ING. ERICH SCHUBERT Marburger Tor 2 - PO Box

DIPL.-ING. ROLF PÜRCKHAUER 9 3522 71 ^{Phone: (0271) 54070}

C yj yj £. L ·. f ι Telegram address: Patschub, Siegen

73 053 Kü / G October 17, 1973

British. Insulated Callender's Gables Limited, 21; Bloomsbury

Street, London WOI B 3Qfr / England

For this filing, the priority is taken from the UK Claimed Patent Application No. 4-8281 / 72 dated October 19, 1972.

Multi-stage multi-stage wire drawing machine

The invention relates to machines for reducing the cross-section of a number of wires by passing each of them through a series of dies of decreasing diameter is drawn «The invention is applicable to drawing any highly ductile metal, including gold and silver wire for the jewelry industry, however, their main use finds it when drawing copper and aluminum wires, mainly for the electrical industry, and it shows special ones Benefits associated with making enamelled wire (also known as film-covered magnet wire).

In conventional wire drawing machines, each drawing die is assigned a rotatable pulling device, in the following referred to as a "friction roller" which has a working surface around which the wire is wrapped, with the rotation the drive roller gives the wire the tension necessary to pull the wire through the die. With each pass through a drawing die, the wire is in the

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Ratio to the reduction of its cross-section elongated, and thus the peripheral speed of the drive rollers must accordingly increase (not necessarily proportionally, because a certain amount of slippage between the drive roller and the wire is often permitted and the desired degree of slip is considered to decrease as the size of the wire decreases). Usually, but not invariably, the percentage reduction in cross section for each drawing step should be at least approximate be the same, and thus the predetermined peripheral speed ratio between any particular capstan and the next following capstan (known as the "drive roller elongation" of the respective drawing stage) usually for all drawing stages be constant.

A general way of achieving a predetermined capstan elongation is to wrap each capstan around the other However, in some cases they have been assembled into a rigid stepped "cone" held by a single shaft separate drive rollers on individual shafts, which are grouped together in terms of gears, are preferred.

The use of cones is inconvenient because they are inevitably considerably larger in diameter than individual ones Driving rollers would have to be, and also of considerable length and because of the close proximity of the wires to adjacent ones Graduations of the cone are in operative connection, the threading made difficult and in some cases even dangerous. These difficulties are avoided if separate drive rollers are used on individual shafts, but the acquisition costs of the machine are increased considerably in terms of the individual bearings required when this construction is used.

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Proposals have already been made, a number of Wire drawing cones to be arranged on a common drive shaft (DO) -PS 662 065 and corresponding BE-PS 416 373), but this carries does not help to alleviate the problems of space requirements and poor accessibility, but brings the new difficulty with it that coupling devices (couplings) are necessary if the threading of a wire train is to be safe, while others run at full speed.

According to the invention, a machine for reducing the Cross-section of a number of wires by pulling each of them through a corresponding series of dies of decreasing diameter a corresponding series of individual drive rollers to pull each wire through its series of dies as well as a multitude of drive shafts, each at spaced-apart Place along. Their length only one of the driving rollers of each of the said rows, each capstan being driven by the shaft on which it is mounted.

Usually it will be preferred that the capstan rollers on each shaft be those of the corresponding die of the other row or rows are assigned, so that the driving rollers for pulling all of the wires through the corresponding first dies are all on the first drive shaft and so on.

In most cases the pinch rollers should work for everyone Draw stages can be arranged fixed to the shaft, but the arrangement of some drive rollers in individual bearings is not excluded and can be advantageous in some cases (e.g. to allow the production of two wire sizes that only differ differ little, with the same starting dimension and The same reductions can be used on each die, except the last one, can be customized for the fixings

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Last stage capstan rollers are used ) _m

Even with a machine of only two wire trains, the present invention has some advantage because it compares to cone machines provides better access and a reduced space requirement and because they are attached in comparison to individually Pinch rollers avoids the need for costly cantilever bearings (although in this limited case the total number of bearings is the same). However, there are significant economic advantages with a larger number of Moves scored, preferably at least four; and other economic factors make it desirable that. every wire pull comprises at least four drawing stages.

Before the number of wire pulls is large, it may be desirable to have additional support bearings for the shafts between certain to use the pull-oil friction rollers. For example, in an 18-speed machine, each shaft can be in the middle or at its ends be supported.

It is usually preferred to use the drive shafts to be arranged parallel to each other and in a common plane; Furthermore, it is especially when the construction for the Series operation with an enamelling device is intended, preferred, the shafts with their axes horizontal and in the the same vertical plane, so that the threading can be accessed from one vertical side (the "front side"!) of the Machine takes place.

Preferably, the shafts are all driven by a common power source (e.g. an electric motor) via a gearbox (e.g. a corresponding chain of gears or drive belts) driven, which can be compactly arranged in the vicinity of a corresponding one of the ends of the shafts. This enables the

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Construction of the machine ^; so that the drive roller lengths of their stages can be set collectively or, if desired, individually to one or each of two or more predetermined values, for example by exchanging gear pairs in order to achieve an adaptation to different die sets. For example, drive roller lengths of 15%, 20% and 25% can be provided. A change gear can also be provided, especially for the shaft that carries the drive rollers of the last drawing stage.

The drive rollers can each have conical working surfaces, with a corresponding conicity (for most dimensions of copper and aluminum wire) is in the range of 0.5-5 °.

The invention makes it possible to operate a large number of wire drawing trains in a comparatively small amount from a single power source and under the supervision of a single operator and at significantly lower investment costs than with an aggregation of conventional drawing machines. This makes it possible to apply an extremely, low pulling rate, even if the machine is used only as a drawing machine (without series operation with enamelling, etc. _e) to the advantages of drawing with a such low speed with respect to the reduction at each die to ensure that the wire is not heated so much as it passes through the die that the metallurgical properties of the drawn wire are impaired by the rise in temperature. These advantages are that (first) the wire has a consistently high ductility that is independent of reduction over a wide range; (second) it shows an excellent combination of firmness and ductility; (third) relaxes or _o it returns to normal very easily and

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at a sharply "limited temperature; (fourth) the Die wear reduced to a very low level (even after allowing a reduced rate of ejection per die is), and (fifth) connecting when a supply reel has run empty is simplified. Alternatively, the machine could operated at a conventional (higher) speed to produce conventional quality drawn wire get reduced costs.

The wire drawing machine according to the invention is particular suitable for use in series operation with an enamelling machine, preferably according to claim 7 or 16 of DT-OS 2 058 151 of the applicant.

The attached drawing shows an example of an 18-train Eight-stage wire drawing machine according to the invention, which is suitable for suitable for use in series with a standard wire enamelling device.

The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing, which shows it by way of example

1 shows a schematic, partially cut-away front view of an 18-train, eight-stage wire drawing machine according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1, while

3 shows an enlargement of a section of FIG. 1 with additional Reproduces reference numerals.

Eighteen wires 1-18 running from supply packages (not shown) taken in a conventional manner, enter the upper part of the machine via disks 19, run generally down through the machine and step over discs 20

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in the lower part of the machine, from which it follows a winding mechanism or according to Se ^ provided in a row working devices can run, especially one Enamelling or (jlüh »- b2w. Tempering device.

The machine contains eight driveshafts-2i- * 28, the are arranged horizontally, parallel and vertically in alignment. Each of these drive shafts is supported by three bearings' ,, one Bearings 29 at each end thereof and a third bearing 30 in the center of the shaft (and between wires 9 and 10).

Rigidly attached to the shafts 21 and driven by them eighteen drifting rollers 31,32,33,34,35 · »· (Fig. 3)» which the driving rollers for the first drawing stage are friction roller 31 pulls the wire 1 through its first die 36, and similarly pulls the pinch rollers 32-35 suf of the shaft 21, respectively Wires 2-18, through whose first matrices 36-41 ...

Similarly, the second shaft 22 carries a series of pinch rollers 42 for pulling the respective wires through respective ones second stage drawing dies 43 therethrough and so on for the third-stage drive rollers 44 and dies 45; four-stage drive rollers 46 and dies 47 (Fig. 1) and fifth to eight-stage drive rollers 48-51 and dies 52-55. The driving rollers are all identical; they can, for example, be of the type in which a ceramic ring forms the working surface. The working surfaces of the drive rollers are preferably designed to be slightly conical.

In order to provide the necessary increase in the circumferential speeds of the drive rollers as the pulling progresses, the Shafts 21-28 coupled together by a gear, which in lig. 1 is shown schematically by drive belt 26, the

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are arranged so that the shafts precisely graduated angular velocities are given.

The gearbox between the shafts 2? and 28 can be a change gear, ie of a different gear ratio, for example conical or stepped disks 57 being used to allow slight adjustments to the output wire dimension by changing the dies 55 of the eighth stage, while the rest remains unchanged. - = ■ ----

The shaft 28 for the eighth drawing stage is via a main drive belt 58 driven by a motor 59 which thus drives all of the drive rollers in the entire machine.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, lubricant is from a collecting pipe 16 via a pipe 61 and a valve 62 according to supplied to the first die 36 of the first wire draw; lubricant is promoted in a similar way to all other matrices, but the associated installation was made from the drawing omitted to avoid confusing the more important features of the machine. Used lubricant comes in one Trough 63 collected under the last capstan, and air (or steam) nozzles 64 from an air (or steam) manifold 65 are preferably used to strip the residual lubricant from the drawn wires.

As especially if the machine with a relative low wire speed, it can be expected to run for long periods without supervision, it is acceptable to encasing at least the part of the machine where the wires are moistened with lubricant, for example Sliding doors 66 can be used to maintain a high level of cleanliness.

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Although the invention has been described with reference to a machine in which the wire is generally downward runs, it can equally be used where the wire generally runs upwards. The amendments to a machine for upward operation are readily apparent. borrowed. Upward operation has the advantage that it is easier to To keep foreign bodies or substances out of the die entrances and that the wire can emerge from the last die in a sufficiently dry condition to permit air stripping or to save steam. The end matrices can expediently be arranged directly under the cover plate of the machine, whereby the shaft and the drive rollers for the last stage are arranged above the cover plate.

Claims .

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Claims (4)

75 055 Kü / G 17 OCT. 1973 Claims ί i. lMulti-pass multi-stage wire drawing machine with one die and a driven drive roller for each drawing stage of each wire train, with each subsequent die a smaller one Has cross section than the previous die of the same wire train, and with a common drive shaft the driving rollers of different wire pulls are attached, characterized in that to improve the accessibility and to reduce the width of the machine a plurality of common drive shafts (21,22,23) is provided and only one drive roller (51-35 ·· .-) of each wire train on any one certain common drive shaft is fixed and driven by this. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the shafts carries all drive rollers of a corresponding drawing stage. 3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized by a shaft for each drawing stage. 4. Machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 3 » in which each of the shafts is supported at its ends by bearings (29), characterized in that an additional "bearing (30) is arranged between certain of the pulling pinch rollers. 5. Machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 4-, characterized in that all waves run parallel to each other. 409817/0912 6. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the shafts (21-28) are arranged with their axes horizontal and in the same vertical plane,. ■ ■ 7 «machine according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized by a change gear (57) for at least one of the waves. 8. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the change gear for the (or a) shaft is provided, which carries the driving rollers of the last drawing stage. 9 · Device with a ^ wire drawing machine according to one or several of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that they combined with a wire enamelling machine and set up for serial operation with this. · 4 0 9 8 17/0912 Blank page