DE2341156A1 - METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FLORAL STRUCTURES - Google Patents

Description

DR. ING. E. HOFFMANN · DIPL. ING. W. EITLE DR. RER. NAT. K. HOFFMANN

PATKKTANWLTE D-8000 MDNCHEN 81ARABELLASTRASSE 4 TELEPHONE (0811) 911087

Kanebo Ltd., Tokyo / Japan

Process for producing pile structures

The invention relates to a method for producing pile structures. In particular, the invention relates to a Method of making pile carpets from composite threads formed from side-by-side Polyamide and polyester fibers.

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Recently, knob placement machines have been developed and demand for synthetic fiber pile carpets is growing rapidly. In particular, there is a lively Demand for pile carpets made of threads due to their high durability.

So far, almost all threads used for pile carpets have been made bulky by using the straight ones Threads a crimping process, such as after the Stuffing box process, false twist process or the like, subjected. If the straight threads are flattened, the threads forming the pile are lined up so that the carrier material (the Base fabric) can be seen and therefore has a poor appearance. This can be avoided by having a tight The pile elements are tufted until the carrier material can no longer be seen. However, this has the disadvantage that the amount of tufted threads is very large and therefore high costs are incurred. In addition, those treated in this way turn out to be Carpets are hard and are difficult to walk on.

Furthermore, an attempt has already been made to create pile carpets made from self-crimping threads, in which two polymers are eccentrically connected to one another along the longitudinal direction of the thread became. For this, however, it is necessary that a crimping and fixing treatment is carried out in the thread-like state is taken. Will pile elements without these treatments formed and subjected to a cleaning and dyeing treatment, the pile elements concentrate forming monofilaments, are in the same shape

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puckered and the pile elements distort there is excessive crimping, so that the covering power, the appearance and the walkability of the formed Pile structure are very bad.

As mentioned, so far every thread used to make a pile carpet has undergone a crimping process subject, which makes a complicated and expensive device necessary. In addition, the cost of the Threads very high. In addition, this method easily leads to uneven mechanical and, thermal Treatment of the threads, which in turn results in an uneven pile with stripes and the like.

In contrast, according to the invention to eliminate this Disadvantages found that pile carpets with excellent appearance and good properties without application the crimping process described above, if threads with special properties are made of polyamide and polyester can be provided.

The special properties of the threads used according to the invention are that there is initially a spontaneous crimping forms, and that the two components are subsequently split up.

As used herein, the term "spontaneous puckering" means that the puckering is different elastic shrinkage behavior of the two components when developed by pairwise (conjugate) spinning of the two components with different elasticity

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obtained thread is pulled eccentrically, the applied tension is removed and relaxation is carried out in air. For example, polyester and polyamide are materials with different elasticity.

The term "cleavage of the two components", as used here, means the property that the thread is in can split its longitudinally interconnected components. Basically, it is known that a thread formed by spinning two components next to each other in pairs due to the differences in shrinkage between the two components forms a crimp, using the ability to crimp a stretchable, voluminous fiber structure can be created. However, this affects threads that consist of components with mutual Attraction can be formed, with the difference in shrinkage between the two components inevitably applied by heating in the relaxed state and the crimp formed is fixed by heating. So far, however, the inventive concept has been to create a spontaneous crimp not been considered.

Furthermore, it is known in principle from US Pat. No. 3,350,488 and US Pat. No. 3,117,9o6 as well as French Pat. No. 1,495,835, composite thread to be provided from two fissile components. However, these patents relate to methods of manufacture fine threads for silk production, so that there are significant differences to the subject of the application in terms of task and solution are present. The formation of a spontaneous crimp according to the invention is also not part of these patent specifications remove.

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Polyamide and polyester have no adhesiveness, especially when, as with threads for carpets, the fineness Since the monofilament is very large, composite threads made from these two components tend to split open when they are not drawn Condition, or the pulling of such threads cannot be made significantly. According to the invention, however, it was found that through certain ö! connections that during of the spinning process.es are applied, the adhesion is controllable, and threads with spontaneous crimping ability, which can be split into the two components in a simple manner.

In known carpets formed from synthetic threads, static electricity is applied to a carpet walking person is transferred and discharged as soon as the person touches a door handle. This leads to an electric Impact or an uncomfortable feeling, and in this respect, too, the invention creates a substantial improvement. According to the invention namely, a pile structure is created from threads, with the positively chargeable polyamide single threads and negative chargeable polyester filaments are entangled with one another in a complicated manner and therefore those produced by friction static electricity leads to positive and negative charges that cancel each other out. According to the invention Carpet produced by this method therefore has a low electrifying power.

From the foregoing it is clear that the invention provides a method for producing a pile structure with excellent Appearance and good properties should be created at low cost. In particular, this pile structure

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can be achieved without a crimping step requiring special equipment. According to the invention The pile structure produced by the method should also have a very low electrifying power.

This is achieved according to the invention in that a Polyamide and a polyester conjugated side by side with a cross-sectional area ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1 are spun together, the threads obtained first with a .non-aqueous oil compound and then are exposed to an aqueous oil compound, the treated threads are drawn and wound onto a bobbin are withdrawn from the spool again and left in the relaxed state to form a spontaneous crimp after which the crimped threads are compressed to a density of 15o to 38o g per liter and soaked in water a temperature of less than 5o C, and that thereafter the temperature to fix the spontaneous Crimping and for simultaneous splitting of the threads is increased to over 8o C, and finally the obtained Threads are formed in the pile structure.

According to a further development of the invention, after winding of the treated threads on the bobbin, these are processed into the pile structure and then spontaneous crimps developed, steam is sprayed onto the surface of the pile structure to fix the spontaneous crimps, the pile structure immersed in water at a temperature below 5o C and the temperature of the water above 8o C increased to split the threads into the two components.

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Details of the method according to the invention are given below explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1-5 cross-sectional views of composite threads,

6-8 embodiments of steam jet devices, where the suffix A is cross-section and the suffix B is front views of the used Jet nozzles,

9 'shows an arrangement for steam jet treatment,

FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the arrangement according to FIG. 9,

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another

Arrangement for steam jet treatment,

Figures 12 and 13 are photographic copies of the surfaces

ναι prepared by the inventive method Tufted carpets, and

Figures 14 and 15 are photographic copies of the surfaces

of cleavable, but not treated according to the inventive method, Tufted carpets made from polyamide and polyester threads.

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The polyamides useful for the present invention are: nylon-4, nylon-6, nylon-7, nylon-11, nylon-12, nylon-66, Nylon-61o, polymetiaxylylene adipamide, polyparaxylylene decanamide, Polybiscyclohexylmethanedecanamid and copolymers formed essentially from these polymers.

The following comonomers in the polyamide copolymers may be mentioned: lactams, such as, for example, caprolactam, enanthlactam, laurolactam and the like, aminocarboxylic acid such as aminocaprolic acid, aminodecanolic acid, p-aminomethylbenzenic acid and the like, nylon salts of diamines, such as hexamethylenediamine, nonamethylenediamine, Undecamethylenediamine, m-xylylenediamine, p-xalylenediamine and diethylenediamine (piperazine) with double basic acids, such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and the like.

The polyesters are polyethylene terephthalate, Polytetramethylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxybenzoate, Poly-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, polypivalolactone and copolymers formed essentially from these polymers.

The following are mentioned as monomers in the polyesters: lactones, such as pivalactone, έ-caprolactone and the like, aliphatic diols, such as ethylene glycol, Trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol and the like, alicyclic diols such as for example 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol,!, ^ - cyclohexanediol and the like, aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, sodium sulfoisophthalate, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and the like,

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aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, Ι, ΐο-decanedicarboxylic acid, alicyclic dicarboxylic acids, such as hexahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydro / phthalic acid and the same. If dicarboxal acids or diols are copolymerized, so the dicarboxal acids and diols must be copolymerized.

When using polyamide copolymers and polyester copolymers, the copolymerization ratio is too high the adhesiveness of the two components is high, so that they are difficult by the heat treatment according to the invention are to be split up. As a result, the purpose of the invention and the mechanical properties cannot be achieved the pile structure obtained will be deteriorated. The copolymer ratio is therefore preferably less than 15 mol% based on the main component.

The pairing or conjugation ratio of the two components according to the invention is very important due to the following circumstances.

One aspect is the spontaneous curl which is present in the present invention should be generated when the thread relaxes in air. The effect to be achieved by the invention depends on whether the thread has a high spontaneous curling tendency or not. If the pairing ratio is Polyamide to polyester above the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1, the thread can have the desired spontaneous curling tendency do not have, or the inventive effect cannot be achieved.

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The percentage of spontaneous curl is desirably more than 40% when according to the following procedure determined, and at a percentage of 6o to 95% achieved a better result.

The determination of the percentage of spontaneous curl (Cg) is made as follows.

The length of the thread left in air at a humidity of 65% RH and at a temperature of 25 C for one hour under a load of 0.1 mg / d should be 1 "and the length of the thread for one minute under a load of 0.1 mg / d g / d of the left thread should be 1 _T , then is

S - ^ - χ 1oo (%)

¹ T

It is considered that the spontaneous puckering due to the different elastic shrinkage of the Polyamide and polyester components are produced, and that furthermore, a thread with a high percentage of spontaneous crimp means that both components are satisfactorily made of monofilament are connected to each other.

Another important aspect of the mating relationship is the problem of electrical behavior the created pile structure. As mentioned above, the tendency to electrification of the pile structure according to the invention is very high low, but with a pairing ratio above the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1, the compensation is positive charged polyamide and the negatively charged polyester lost, or is either positive or

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negative excess charge with the corresponding effect.

The mating relationship is discussed in detail below received further. If the pairing ratio is in the range from 1: 3 to 3: 1, the inventive ' Effect can be achieved, however, in terms of durability of the pile structure, it is desirable that the The proportion of polyamide exceeds that of the polyester. With a ratio of polyamide to polyester of 3: 1 to 1: 1 and in particular from 5: 2 to 3: 2 there is a pile structure with very excellent properties, because in terms of abrasion and impact resistance it is polyamide the polyester surpasses.

The side-by-side composite filaments used in the invention mean threads according to FIG. 1, in which the two components are parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction of the monofilament are connected, and shapes in cross section as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. In terms of the properties, especially the Durability of the carpet, are the shapes in which the two components form triangles after splitting, and those shown in Figs. 2 to 4 are preferred.

An essential aspect with regard to the production of the threads is that the extruded threads are initially processed with a non-aqueous oil compound and then with an aqueous one oil connection are applied.

The most essential aspect of the inventive concept lies in the fact that the spontaneous ripples are fixed

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and split the composite thread into two components will. This can only be done by improving the adhesion of the two components to a required level Measure and by such a control of the adhesion can be achieved that the threads through a simple heat treatment can be split into the two components. As mentioned before, are polyamide and Polyester is essentially poorly adherent, so that the composite thread of polyamide and polyester in side by side lying relationship is difficult to establish on an industrial scale; the invention overcomes this difficulty by selecting spinning oil compounds.

It is not completely clear why the according to the invention Process / task used of the spinning oil compounds or compositions proves to be so effective However, an attempt is made below to give an explanation for this. It was found that liability of the thread made of polyamide and polyester, which is built up side by side, is highly due to the water content in the during of the spinning abandoned oil composition is influenced. Namely, if the water content in the spinning oil composition is high, the two components can be easily mixed split up, while the reverse is fraught with difficulties. This is because in the naughty condition the polyamide thread soaks up water and swells considerably, while the polyester thread essentially does not Absorbs water and therefore does not swell. The polymers spun in the melt state are close to absolute dry state, and when an oil composition with high Water content is given to the solidified thread, the difference in the water-absorbing property appears

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and the swelling behavior of polyamide and polyester is considerable. It becomes, therefore, quickly and 'profoundly one Divergence of the binding surface on both components created so that the thread easily splits into the two components.

On the other hand, using a non-aqueous oil composition given a low water content, the above phenomenon does not occur, or the adhesion is improved. It is thus understandable why the non-aqueous oil composition is used in the process according to the invention will. The reason why an aqueous oil composition is given below is based on the following Points of view.

On the one hand, it is difficult to wind up the thread if the non-aqueous oil composition is used alone is. If the undrawn thread, which is only exposed to the non-aqueous oil composition, is wound onto a bobbin, the polyamide component gradually absorbs the moisture in the air and swells, so that the winding is confused and it is impossible to take up a large amount of thread. In general, one points non-aqueous oil composition has a low affinity for the mutual threads. As a result, if the drawn thread is taken up, this to destroy the shape of the winding, this circumstance occurring in particular when when the denier of the monofilament has a value of more than Io denier.

It is therefore necessary to remedy this disadvantageous circumstance by applying an aqueous oil composition after the non-aqueous one

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balance oil composition. The spin speed of synthetic fibers is usually more than a few hundred meters per minute, so that is not aqueous oil composition and the aqueous oil composition be abandoned essentially at the same time. But only by defining the task sequence of these oil compositions In the manner described above, the production of threads made of polyamide lying side by side can be carried out and polyester enable. This is surprising and the reason for this is not clear.

The second aspect is that the adhesiveness of the two components is improved too much.

It was found that the sole task of not aqueous oil composition improves the adhesion of the two components too much, so that the splitting of the thread into the two components is made more difficult in the subsequent step. Hence it is necessary to do the job of the oil composition to be carried out in the manner according to the invention.

As the spinning oil composition, a lubricating oil, for example Mineral oil or fatty acid ester, along with a surfactant and an antistatic agent Water or an organic solvent.

The term "non-aqueous oil composition or compound" used here means that the spinning oil compositions have a low water content, which should preferably be as low as possible. The method according to the invention can be carried out with a water content of less than 15 %, but preferably less than 10%.

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The term "aqueous oil composition or compound" means that ölkomposltionen be provided in which dissolved _f a lubricating oil together with a surfactant and an antistatic agent or emulsified in water werden.Der water content lies above 4o%, with oil compositions with a water content of 5o to 9o% are preferable.

Lubricating oils are to be understood as meaning: mineral oils, fatty acid esters such as methyl oleate, ethyl palmitate, Propyl palmitate, n-butyl palmitate, n-butyl stearate, lauryl laurate, Oleyl oleate, higher alcohols such as lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol.

The surfactants and antistatic agents cannot be clearly identified, but anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric surface-active Medium, usable. As surface agents (emulsifiers) are nonionic active agents such as polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate to prefer. As antistatic agents, anionic active agents such as Potassium-polyoxyäthylenlaurylsulfat, Potassiumpolyoxyäthylenoley1-phosphat, Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium cetylsulfonate and the like are used.

As a diluent for non-aqueous oil compositions can aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons, such as for example trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride, low-boiling petroleum fractions such as gasoline, light oil, kerosene, ligroin, etc. can be used.

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The proportion of the undrawn thread (excluding volatile constituents) deposited oil compositions 0.5 to 2.0% by weight for the non-aqueous oil composition and 0.3 to 1.5% by weight for the aqueous oil composition. The total amount of the oil compositions is preferably 0.8 to 2.5% by weight.

The one with the oil compositions in the previously described Well-tended undrawn threads can be drawn by any method, however, it is preferred to use a To prevent splitting of the two components, a heated rod (surface: atlas, diameter: 3o to 2o mm) or a heated roller is used. The hot rolling process, in which the heat is sufficiently released through repeated wrapping is to be preferred. If the drawing temperature is too low, yarn breakage and splitting occurs while if the drawing temperature is too high, the adhesion is improved too much. Preferably a temperature of 7o to 130 ° C, in particular 80 to 100 ° C. The hot fixation of the drawn thread may or may not occur, but, as mentioned above, the different influences Heat shrinkage between polyester and polyamide greatly affects the appearance and properties of the pile structure obtained. The heat fixation must therefore be carried out carefully. The temperature is usually in the range of 100 up to 16o ° C is preferred. If the temperature is too high so the shrinkage of the fully fixed or set polyester is low and the shrinkage difference too large, one therefore, such a temperature is not preferable.

If the difference in length of the polyester monofilament and the polyamide monofilament after that due to the difference in shrinkage

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is too small due to splitting, the resulting pile structure has a low bulk, while with too great a difference in length loose threads are formed on the structure surface, and the appearance and the properties are deteriorated. In addition, get caught when performing the first according to the invention Process the loose threads slightly in a guide so that the. Manufacture of the pile structure is very difficult is.

In the production of the pile structure according to the invention In order to achieve good quality, it is very valuable if the following investigations are carried out on the composite thread be performed.

One such test is the measurement of the percentage of spontaneous curl previously described, where a percentage of more than 40% is desirable.

Another test concerns the split percentage of the two components of the thread due to the hot water treatment and the difference in shrinkage of the split polyamide and polyester monofilaments after this treatment.

These measurements are hereinafter referred to as "hot water treatment measurements" and carried out as follows.

Before the hot water treatment, a "monofilament" is used and each monofilament obtained by splitting into the two components is hereinafter referred to as "fibrillated Monofilament ".

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The hot water treatment measurement:

Io monofilaments are looped (total length of Loop 1 m) summarized, and the loop in water immersed at a temperature of less than 50 ° C. After that, the temperature of the water will be up in 30 minutes to boiling the water increased, and boiling io minutes maintained for a long time. The threads treated in this way are taken out of the water and placed in air in a chamber with a Humidity of 65% RH and a temperature of 25 ° C. The gap percentage and the difference in shrinkage are then determined.

Gap percentage:

The total number of "monofilaments" and "fibrillated." Monofilaments "is counted and is in the following equation denoted by η.

Gap percentage (%) = χ loo

The gap percentage must be more than 7o%, with a percentage above 9o% producing the best results.

Shrinkage difference:

Each fibrillated monofilament is loaded with a load of 0.2 g / d and the length is determined. The maximum thread length is 1 and the minimum thread length is 1 _K. Then:

ι - i _b

Shrinkage difference = χ loo

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At a value of 2 to 12% there is a smooth pile structure production and the appearance and properties of the pile structure obtained are good. At a Values of 5 to 10%, even more favorable results are obtained.

The following is an explanation of the setting or pixing process of the spontaneous puckering and splitting, respectively of the monofilament in the two components.

The process in which the spontaneous crimps are fixed and the monofilaments in the split into two components is as follows.

The threads obtained by the method described above are relaxed in air, so that spontaneous Develop ripples. Then they are compressed to a density of 150 to 38o g / l and placed in warm water immersed at a temperature below 50 ° C. The temperature of the water is then used to fix the spontaneous Crimping and the simultaneous splitting of the threads into the two components increased to over 8o ° C, whereby threads that are suitable for producing the pile structure can be produced.

To relax the thread in air or to develop spontaneous crimps, the thread removed from a bobbin is removed Thread wound in a shape that allows the thread to relax or unwind freely (this will be discussed below referred to as "relaxation pack"). The threads are arranged, for example, in strand form, sleeve form or knitted form. Of course, the relaxation pack is preferably used to such an extent

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stretchable cap provided that the development of spontaneous This does not prevent puckering and the thread is supported for the following treatment stages. Then the relaxation pack is placed in a vessel and heat treated. In particular, the relaxation packing described above becomes a density of 15o compressed to 38o g / l, and that previously described Subjected to hot water treatment. This process will explained below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.

A large number of thread packages wound in the form of a sleeve are fed into an Over-maier dyeing machine and opened a lid is placed on the packs, and the pressure described above is applied to this. Then water with a Temperature of less than 5o C entered into the dyeing machine so that the packs are immersed in it. Thereafter the water temperature is increased to over 80 ° C. In this case, the rate of temperature increase not particularly defined. This process sets or fixes the spontaneous crimps, which follows is described in more detail.

Since the thread used in the invention has a high spontaneous crimping ability, if the thread 21 one Relaxation pack is formed, at one time the ripples are developed. After that, the crimped thread is turned into a Vessel entered to a high density of more than 150 g / l and to fix the developed spontaneous ripples heat-resistant.

Thus, crimped yarns can be obtained without performing a special crimping process.

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The starting temperature for hot water treatment is of the water is less than 5o C, while the temperature of the final hot water treatment is above 80 C. Through this hot water treatment, the threads are in the two components due to the specific Split property of the threads. The phenomenon of the filaments splitting into its two components is very important, and if the two components fail will be split up by this shark water treatment the curl shape before and after the heat treatment due to the difference in heat shrinkage between the two components changes.

If the hot water treatment is carried out at a density lower than 150 g / l, the threads are moved while the same split into the two components so that at the same time as the threads split open the crimps disappear. The filling density must therefore be more than 150 g / l. In contrast, it takes place at an extremely high Fill density not only a setting of the spontaneous curling by the heat treatment, but also the part is formed on which the crimps are provided due to the pressure of the mutual threads, so that the obtained Threads in the crimp are very uneven. In other words: an extremely high filling density of more than 380 g / l must be avoided. The filling density is preferably in the range of 200 to 35o g / l in order to satisfactorily set the crimps and make them uniform to get crimped threads.

In the case of hot water treatment, preferably to achieve a complete splitting of the threads and one

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more satisfactory fixation of the crimps the threads in water with a temperature of less than 40 ° C immersed, and then raised the temperature to over 90 ° C. The latter temperature is maintained over a period of more than 30 minutes maintained.

The following explains the process in which the threads, which are not subjected to hot water treatment, are converted into a pile structure reshaped and then fixed the formed spontaneous crimp, and split the threads into the two components will.

This method comprises shaping the untreated threads into a pile structure, for example by tufting and leaving the pile structure in air to develop the spontaneous puckers in those forming the pile structure Threads. It further comprises a steam jet treatment of the pile structure surface and the immersion of the pile structure in warm water with a temperature of less than 5o C. The water is then brought to a temperature above 8o ° C, causing the threads to split into the two components. The term "steam jet treatment" used here means that steam is radiated onto the pile surface, and thus does not mean that the pile is under a steam atmosphere is heat treated. The steam jet should be applied in such a way that the pile is strongly compressed by the jet will.

6 to 8 are embodiments of the steam jet device shown, wherein in these Fig. A in each case a cross-sectional view and B in each case a front view of the

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Identifies the jet nozzle. In Figures 6 and 7, a large number of nozzles open into a circular tube and in Fig. 8 the nozzles open into a flat surface.

In these figures, 1 denotes a steam introduction pipe, 2 denotes a Steam reservoir, 3 nozzles and the arrow mark the Steam flow.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the operation of the present Invention, wherein the pile structure 5 moves directly under the jet device 4 and thereby a Steam jet treatment takes place.

Fig. Io shows an embodiment for performing the Steam jet treatment in which the immediately below the Jet device 4 running pile structure 5 is treated with the jet device. The reference number 6 denotes a carrier.

The smaller the distance (d) between the jet nozzle and the pile surface, the better the effect. Of the The distance should usually be less than 1 cm it proves to be effective to make ^ negative, i.e. the beam treatment is carried out with slight compression of the pile. If the pile length is unequal, the result is that the pile length is equalized, so that such Approach is preferable.

In principle, the steam irradiation can only take place from above onto the pile, but it can be carried out according to FIG. 11 can also be done from above as well as from below.

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This method is characterized in that the pile structure is subjected to a steam jet treatment for fixing is subjected to spontaneous crimping and then the threads are split into the two components.

Will the threads in the two components without such Split treatment, the puckering disappears and a pile structure with little bulk and poor appearance or bulky properties is obtained. A heat treatment different from the steam jet treatment does not allow the spontaneous crimp to be fixed to a similar extent.

It has been found that in order to set or fix the spontaneous crimp, it is necessary to use a large amount of heat momentarily to feed the threads. In this respect, nothing other than the steam jet treatment can be satisfactory Procedure to be found.

The adhesion of polyamide and polyester in the inventive As previously mentioned, composite thread is controlled to a given extent. As a result, they are Threads split open by a heat treatment or mechanical treatment, and if the pile structure relatively gradually in a dry, hot atmosphere or Steam atmosphere is heat-treated, this is done under progressive splitting into the two components, so that the preferred pile structure is not obtained can.

Another effect of the steam jet treatment is that that the confusion of the mutual, forming the pile

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Threads is promoted by the jet and therefore improves the bulk and other properties of the pile structure will.

The hot water treatment can be done by means of a Wince dyeing machine, Warp beam dyeing machine, jigger dyeing machine made however, in the pile structure, the use of a warp beam dyeing machine and jigger dyeing machines chine is a little difficult, while the Wince dyeing machine proves to be extremely useful.

The conditions for the hot water treatment were already mentioned in detail in connection with the method in which the spontaneous crimps are set in thread form and the threads are split open. For this reason there is no need to explain it again.

The reason why the threads are split into the two components by the hot water treatment is not entirely clear, however, as previously mentioned, the threads to be used in the invention become in terms of adhesiveness of the two components are precisely controlled, so that the threads can be turned into the split the two components. It was found that when the filaments were immediately immersed in hot water with a temperature of over 80 ° C, the threads are relatively difficult to split, while with the previous one Immersing the threads in water with a temperature of less than 5o C and with a subsequent temperature increase this process takes place without further ado. Presumably this is because the water has a temperature less than 5o C in the adhesive surface between the two

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Components penetrate and when the temperature of the water increases, the molecular movement becomes so strong that the Simply divide the threads into the two components by means of the hot water treatment.

However, if the threads are immediately immersed in hot water at a temperature of over 80 C, the fixation takes place the crimps and the thermal change of the polymers forming the filaments rather than the penetration of the Water between the two components, so that splitting into the two components is made more difficult.

The advantage that the threads are split into the two components by the hot water treatment is that that the temperature condition of this treatment corresponds essentially to that used in cleaning and dyeing usually present.

The cleaning and dyeing is usually carried out as follows. The cleaning or dyeing solution will come into contact with a fibrous structure at a temperature of less than 5oC brought, after which the temperature of the solution is continuously increased to over 80 ° C. Consequently, after In the process according to the invention, the hot water treatment can be replaced by the cleaning or dyeing spirit, and without a special heating process, the pile structure with excellent appearance and good properties can be obtained earth.

The invention also creates a further advantage. The pile structure produced by the method according to the invention has a very low electrical level Charge so that even when walking on the pile structure the

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The accumulation of electrical charges on people is very low. The reason has already been mentioned and that it is correct becomes understandable when one considers that the threads of the pile structure according to the invention are completely entangled.

12 and 13 show photocopies of the surfaces of tufted carpets produced by the method according to the invention, from which it can be seen that the threads forming the pile are intricately entangled and there is a high degree of bulkiness.

14 and 15 show photographs of tufted carpets formed from cleavable threads consisting of polyester and polyamide, which were not produced by the process according to the invention. With these carpets is the direction the threads forming the pile are uniform and the bulk is poor. With an even direction of the threads the fibrous monofilaments collect. with low shrinkability on the surface, so consequently such a Carpet is unfavorable in terms of its electrostatic properties.

Another advantage of the invention is the following point. Since the pile structure obtained by the method according to the invention consists of the two components polyamide and polyester with very different dyeability, can produce a pleasing carpet of high quality in a simple manner by means of a dyeing device in which two colored threads are mixed together.

Such a carpet has heretofore been made by the conventional procedure using conventional threads

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never received, so that the invention is very advantageous in this respect as well.

The invention is found to be particularly effective for the manufacture of pile structures / i.e. a carpet made from High denier threads are formed. The denier of the threads for carpets is Io to 5o, preferably 2o to 4o. Examples of the invention are given below, but they are not intended to be a limitation of the invention.

In the foregoing description and in the following working examples, the method of preparation is used the pile structure with reference to a tufting method explained, this being done only for the sake of easier understanding, but the invention hereupon is not limited. Weaving processes, knitting processes and the like can also be used for the production of the pile structure be applied.

The shock resistance and the electrical charge voltage on a human person for the pile structure in the following examples are determined as follows.

Impact Resistance (Thickness Rigidity Percentage%):

One made from a synthetic rubber with a butt surface

2
of 3 cm and a weight of 1 kg is repeatedly dropped on the pile structure from a height of 10 cm for a certain time at a rate of 30 times per minute. The pile heights before and after tests H and H are determined. Then amounts to

HY ₃

the shock resistance = —5— χ loo

- 28 409818/10 48

The measurement of the pile height takes place under a load from 2o g / cra.

The electrical charge voltage on a human person:

The test object is determined in terms of temperature and humidity conditioned in air at 2o C and a humidity of 3o% RH for more than 48 hours and then from one Person committed more than 60 steps at a speed of 2 steps per second. After that the electrical Charge voltage on the person determines, during this continues in the manner previously described. The determined value changes with walking, but lets in Establish mean value.

Example 1 (preparation of the threads)

From nylon-6 with an intrinsic viscosity of 1.14, measured at 3o ° C in m-cresol and from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an _{intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 r} measured at 3o C in o-chlorophenol, various composite threads such as follows prepares.

The molten nylon-6 and molten PET were separately pumped into a spinneret held at 28 ° C and connected in side-by-side relationship different conjugation ratios according to FIG. 2 and connected by a circular or extruded cross-shaped opening in the spinneret. The undrawn threads thus obtained were cooled and treated with a Winding speed of 3oo m / min while wound various oil compositions with different water content

409818/1048 " ²⁹ "

SO

according to table 1 by means of two-stage oil application rollers were abandoned. Here, the speed of the applicator rollers was set in such a way that the amount of am naughty thread adhering oil composition ο, 5 to 1.5 % By weight in the first oil application stage and 0.3 to 1.2% by weight in the second oil application stage. The results obtained with such undrawn threads are shown in Table 2 reproduced. From Table 2 it follows that if the non-aqueous oil composition is applied on its own, the thread the operation was impossible.

The undrawn threads listed in Table 2 were then by contact with a hot roller and a Hot plate (length 400 mm) drawn at different setting temperatures according to Table 3, around drawn composite thread with 9oo d: 3o f. The draw ratio was 3.75 up to 3.82 times. The drawing treatment was not applied to the undrawn threads of Nos. 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8 of Table 2 performed.

Table 3 shows the number of drawn threads obtained in this way, the number of undrawn threads which The temperature of the hot roll, the temperature of the heating plate, the spontaneous curl percentage, the split percentage and the difference in shrinkage during hot water treatment. From the results in Table 3 it can be seen that that the threading cannot be carried out satisfactorily if in something other than the one according to the invention Way the oil compositions are abandoned.

- 3o -

409818/1048

- J © -

Table 1

Oil com t Art Lubricant ^% not anti- Kero What 5 positive oil ioni static sin ser tion sches cum % _% No. 3o surface % 1o chenakti 14th ves means 23 1 not 3o 17.5 2.5 45 32 water 25th 45 rig 2o 2 η 18th 17.5 2.5 4o 6o 3 11 18th 19th 3 39 81 4th different 15th 2 4o 5 η 18th 1o 2 38 : 6 water 1o 13th ! ² 22nd rig 7th η 13th 2 7th 8th Il 7th ¹ 2 O I.

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409818/1048

Table 2

23 A 1 156

unge
more drawn
thread
No.- Cross
sectional
shape Mating
relationship
(Nylon-6:
PET) Oil compo-
sition
No. at d.
first
roller Oil compo-
sition
No. at d.
second
roller Wrap
operation 1 Fig. 1 1/1 1 no A. 2 Il Il 1 5 Il 3 Il 1 6th Well 4th Il Il 1 8th Il 5 Il Il 2 2 A. 6th Il Il 2 4th Il 7th Il Il 2 7th Well 8th Il Il 3 ⁴ ι A. 9 Il Il
i 3; 6] Well 1o Il ti: 4th 7 ^: Il 11 Il i
"! 7th no Il 12th Fig. 2 1/4 ' 1 8th Il 13th Il 1/3 1 8th Il 14th Il 1/1 1 8th It 1-5 Il 2/1 1 8th Il 16 Il 3/1 1 8th Il 17th Il 4/1 1 I.
I. 8th Il

A: Disturbance of the coiled thread, taking up on a bobbin

not possible.

409818/1048

- 32 -

Table 3

Drawn
of a company
the , unge
more drawn
thread temperature
for pulling fixia
tion ⁰ C i
Il Il percent
spontaneous
a herb Measurement at the
Hot water
plot Shrink
• I under-
. divorced
I ^% 80 6th ,No.
I. No
Hot Hot-
roller plate Il Il selung
% percent
Aufspal
tion
%. i
7th 9o 4th 3-1 : 3 85 12o Il Il 55 I00 7th I00 6th 4-1 ■ 4. "" Il Il 7o I00 6th I00 7th 7-1 . "j "" Il Il 58 1 00 6th 9o 7th 9-1 ₈ not
set up
tet 57 I00 The thread goes into the two
Components in the not drawn - 7o 7th 1o-1 Io ■■ ■ · 85 I80 split state, a
loose thread formed; pulling
is iinmöalicn. I00 2 11-1 11 85 I60 3o 80 13th 12-1 12: 43 9o 1o 13-1 13th 75 14-1 ^: 14 72 15-1 ^: 15
I. 61 16-1 . 16 38 17-1 17th _ 78 15-2 15th 53 15-3 15th 61 15-4 15th

409818/1048

- 33

ae - SH

15-5 15th 1oo not
furnished
tet 66 8o i
8th 15-6 15th 135 not a
directed 59 6o 8th
i

Example 2

The drawn threads shown in Table 3 were wound up in the form of a sleeve (one kg of winding). Once this sleeve was relaxed in air, the thread shrunk and pimples developed spontaneously. The sleeves were with a Fill density of 3oo g / l entered into an Over-maier dyeing machine with a capacity of 3o 1 and warm water from 50 ° C poured into it. The temperature was then brought to 80 ° C. in 30 minutes. Thereupon the sleeves Heated for 30 minutes at 8o C, cooled and removed from the dyeing machine. This was followed by dehydration through a centrifuge and drying (at 115 C) the so treated sleeves, so that crinkled, made of fibrous Filaments formed by monofilaments were obtained. The number of crimps per one inch of crimped fibrous monofilament was measured; the results are shown in Table 4. In this case, the curls were measured according to JIS-L-lo74-19 35.

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409818/1048

Table 4

Ripples
the thread drawn
thread Percent on
more spontaneous
Ripple
% Number of.
Ripple
gene 3-1 3-1 55 8.8 4-1 4-1 7o lo.7 7-1 7-1 58 8.9 9-1 9-1 57 8.9 12-1 12-1 3o 4.6 13-1 13-1 43 7.9 14-1 14-1 75 11 .o 15-1 15-1 72 1O.5 16-1 16-1 ■ cv 1o.1 17-1 17-1 38 5.1 15-2 15-2 78 11 .3 15-3 15-3 53 8.4 15-4 15-4 61 9.8 15-5 • 15-5 66 1O.3 15-6 15-6 59 9.2

From the results according to Table 4 it follows that with a Percentage of spontaneous crimp over 40% well crimped threads can be obtained.

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A09818 / 1048

- 23A 1 156

$ 6

Example 3

Each drawn thread used in Example 2 was subjected to a cleaning and dyeing process in an Over-maier dyeing machine subject to the following recipe, with which attractively colored threads were obtained where the PET monofilament was yellow and the nylon 6 monofilament was dyed red.

The number of crimps of the dyed threads essentially corresponds to that of Example 2.

1. Cleaning

Cleaning bath: soap content 1 g / l

Calcined soda 1 g / l sodium tripolyphosphate 2 g / l bath ratio: 1: 100
Temperature conditions: the bath temperature was

Increased from 40 ° C to 80 ° C within 30 minutes and the cleaning process 20 minutes carried out at 80 ° C for a long time.

2. Coloring

Acid color (red) 2% Gf (owf) Dispersed color

(yellow) 3% Gf (owf)

Carrier 3 g / l

Bath ratio 1: 100

Temperature conditions: the bath temperature was within

from 30 minutes from 40 ° C to 98 ° C and the dyeing for 60 minutes made at 9 8 ° C for a long time.

409818 / 1.0 48 -36-

3?

3. Reduction cleaning

Sodium hydroxide 1 g / l

Hydrosulphide 1 g / l

Activator 0.5 g / l

Temperature conditions: 8o C, 20 minutes

The four dyed threads thus obtained were doubled, each. Thread twisted in an S direction at 6o T / M and then tufted into a carpet subject to the following conditions.

Gauge 12.7 / 81 cm stitch 2o, 4 / cm pile length 5 mm

Appearance, shock resistance and electrical charge voltage on a person for a carpet thus obtained were observed and measured - the results are given in the table.

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409818/1048

Table 5

SB

carpet drawn
thread
No. Mating
relationship
Nylon-6 /
PET Appearance Shock-resistant
was standing (%
looo times) uniform,
high puffy
speed 65 Electric
Charge on
a per
son (KV) 3-1 3-1 1/1 uniform,
very high construction
shrewdness 71 2.3 4-1 4-1 Il same f., high
Bulkiness 68 1.9 7-1 7-1 » Il 67 2.5 9-1 9-1 11 same f., low
ge puffiness,
Carrier material
can be seen 52 2.1 12-1 12-1 1/4 same f., high
Bulkiness 65 5.O 13-1 13-1 1/3 same, very
high bulk 73 2.8 14-1 14-1 1/1 ■ 1 78 1.7 15-1 15-1 2/1 Il 74 1.9 16-1 16-1 3/1 same f., minor
Bulkiness, trä
germaterial is
to see 56 2.5 17-1 17-1 4/1 samef. , high, 77
Bulk j 4.8 15-2 15-2 2/1 1.5

- 38 -

409818/1048

id

15-3 15-3 2/1 certain bumps
is called in the pile,
high bulk 76 3.5 15-4 15-4 Il same, very
high fluff 79 2.6 15-5 15-5 Il same, very
high bulk 78 1.9 15-6 15-6 Il Bump in the
Pile 71 2.ο

The tufting process was stable except for Case No. 15-3. With thread No. 15-3, the operation was frequently interrupted because the dyed thread was around the guide and needle twisted around so that readjustment was necessary

In general, it can be said that an electric shock is due to the static charge accumulated in a person then takes place when the. electrical charge exceeds 3 KV. The carpet made only of nylon has a value of over Io KV when the electrical charge on the human body is measured according to the method according to the invention. From the results according to Table 5 it is therefore clear that the electrical charge created according to the invention Carpet is extremely low compared to carpets made from nylon only. An electric one There is therefore no burst of discharge.

- 39 -

4098 18/1048

HO

On the other hand, carpets Nos. 12-1 and 17-1 are beyond the scope of the present invention with respect to electrical Charge less than the carpet made only of nylon, but this is enough to prevent an electrical surge not from. In addition, these carpets are poor in appearance and have poor impact resistance on.

Example 4

The drawn thread No. 15-1 of Example 1 was made into the shape a sleeve in the manner described in Example 2 and with a filling density according to Table 6 in placed in an Over-maier dyeing machine and then dyed in essentially the same manner as in Example 3 has been described. A colored, crimped thread was thereby obtained. The number of crimps of the thus obtained The crimped thread is also shown in Table 6.

Table 6

more curled
Thread no. Filling density
(g / i) number of
Ripples 15-7 39o 1o.8 15-8 38o 1Ο.6 15-9 33o 1o.5 15-1Ο 28o 1Ο.2 15-11 21o 9.ο 15-12 15o 7.8 15-13 135 4.3

- 4o -

40981 8/1048

It follows from Table 6 that when the bulk density is less than 150 g / l, the number of crimps is remarkable is low, so that a filling density of more than 150 g / l is necessary.

Thereafter, each crimped thread No. 15-7 to No. 15-13 was made into a carpet similar to that described in Example 3 Wise tufted. Appearance, shock resistance and electrical charge voltage on the human body of the obtained in this way Carpets were observed or measured; the results are shown in Table 7.

Table 7

!
carpet
No. ripples
the thread
No. Filling ■
density
(g / l) Appearance Shock resistant
was standing (%,
loo times wamehnfcare
Strip, hoha
Bulkiness 68 Electric
Charge on
one person
(KV) 15-7 15-7 39o gleidhf., high
Bulkiness 7o 2.1 15-8 15-8 38o same, very
high bulk 75 2.3 15-9 15-9 33o same f., very
high bulk 78 1.9 15-10 15-10 28o same, very
high bulk 76 1.8 15-11 15-11 21o same f., high
Bulkiness 69 2.O 15-12 15-12 15o low puffy
ability, carrier mate ^
rial is to seer
bad 59 2.4 15-13 15-13 135 3.3

409 818/1048

- 41 -

If the filling density is above 38o g / l during the dyeing process, noticeable stripes appear on the carpet. This circumstance is a result of uneven coloring and curling, so that the appearance is poor is. Good quality carpets were obtained in the fill density range from 150 to 38o g / l.

Example 5

The drawn thread No. 15-1 according to Example 1 was made using a cylinder needle machine having a cylinder diameter 8.9 cm and 40 needles are knitted into a cylindrical fabric. The resulting cylindrical knitted fabric shrank ^ as soon as it relaxed and developed a spontaneous ripple. Then the cylindrical knitted fabric was made with a Table 8 filling density in an Over-maier dyeing machine entered and colored in the same way as in Example 3. Then it was dried and unthreaded, so that there was a colored, crimped thread. The number of crimps on this thread are also shown in Table 8.

Table 8

more curled
Thread no. Filling density
(g / l) number of
Ripples 15-14 39o. 11.8 15-16 38o 11.7 15-17 3oo 11.9 15-18 15o 8.2 15-19 135 4.6

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409818/1048

From the results of Table 8, it follows that when the bulk density is less than 150 g / L, the number of crimps becomes considerably small, so that a filling density of more than 150 g / l is necessary.

The crimped threads Nos. 15-14 to 15-19 were made into a carpet similar to that mentioned in Example 3 Wise tufted. Your appearance, S tos swiders t and and the. electrical charge voltage on a human body was observed and measured; the results are shown in Table 9.

Table 9

carpet
No. ripples
the thread
No. Fill
density
(g / i) Appearance Shock
resistance
(%, 100 times) Electri
shit
application
one person
(KV) 15-14 15-14 39o noteworthy
Stripes, high ones
Bulkiness 65 2.5 15-16 15-16 38o uniform,
very bulky. 71 2.3 15-17 15-17 3oo uniform,
very high construction
shrewdness 75 1.9 15-18 15-18 15o uniformly shaped,
high bulk 68 2.1 15-19 15-19 135 low puffy
ability, carrier
material is closed
see bad 53 3.2

If the filling density exceeds a value of 38o g / l at the Coloring, noticeable stripes appear on the carpet created in this way, which is a consequence of uneven coloring

409818/1048

- 43 -

- * β - 23Α 1

and curling, and furthermore, the appearance was poor. With a filling density in the range from 15o to 380 g / l good carpets were achieved -

Comparative example 1

The drawn thread No. 15-1 of Example 1 was wound onto a perforated spool (made of stainless steel) with a Diameter of 100 mm (1 kg winding) wound and colored according to the conditions of Example 3 with the exception / that the coloring solution through holes in has been entered into the perforated coil. The thread thus dyed had 2.6 crimps.

The dyed thread was tufted into a carpet according to the procedure of Example 3. The carrier material however, it could be seen that the fibrous monofilaments making up the pile were uniformly oriented, and further were the bulk and the poor appearance.

In order to improve the surface covering properties and to make the carrier material invisible, it is necessary to use double yarns to tuft into the carpet from five threads.

14 shows a photographic copy of the surface of the method thus obtained, not according to the invention following carpet, while the photographic copy according to FIG. 12 shows the surface of carpet no. 15-1 according to Example 3 relates, which was produced according to the invention. When comparing the two carpets, they show the pile inventive carpet (Fig. 12) forming fibrous monofilaments have sufficient crimps and are with each other tangled, while the carpet of Fig. 14 is fibrous

- 44 -

409818/1048

Has monofilaments that are uniformly oriented and not entangled satisfactorily.

The shock resistance and the electrical charge voltage ' of the carpet shown in this comparative example (which is formed from double yarns of five threads) 58% or 4.9 KV and are therefore considerably less favorable than with the carpet according to the invention.

From this result it follows that if the sutures are not treated in a relaxation pack, they freely shrinkable, a good quality carpet cannot be obtained.

Comparative example 2

The thread no. 15-1 according to example 1 was wound up in the form of a sleeve according to example 2. The sleeves were placed in an Over-maier dyeing machine and then hot in this to form the spontaneous crimps Poured in water. After entering the hot water, the temperature in the dyeing machine was reduced to 70 ° C and then brought to 95 ° C. in 15 minutes and held at this value of 95 ° C. for 30 minutes. Then followed a cooling of the thread, its removal from the dyeing machine a dehydration by a centrifuge and a Drying so that there was a crimped thread. However, this crimped thread was not substantially split into the two components and showed a considerable amount Unevenness of crimp.

- 45 -

409818/1048

«- 2341158

Vf

Example 6

The four strands of thread no. 12-1, 13-1, 14-1, 15-1, 16-1 and 17-1 were twisted in the S direction at 6o T / M so that twisted threads with 3,6oo D per 12o f were obtained. the Threads thus twisted were tufted to create a white carpet under the following conditions. In the carpet the threads developed spontaneous crimps.

Gauge 12 , 1/81 cm stitch 23 / cm pile length 6 mm

The resulting carpet was placed under a steam jet according to FIG. 9 at a speed of 1 m / min moved, wherein the steam jet device had three parallel jet nozzles according to FIG. 7.

The diameter of the tube of the steam jet device was 20 mm, the diameter of the jet nozzle 2 mm, the Nozzles arranged in a zigzag shape at a distance of 5 mm.

2 were classified. The vapor pressure was 3.5 kp / cm and the The height of the nozzle needle was adjusted so that there was contact with the pile (d = 0). During the steam jet treatment the surface temperature of the pile was 99 C.

After the steam blast treatment, each was colored Carpet with a Wince dyeing machine under essentially the same conditions as described in Example 3 are.

From Table Io are the numbers of the dyed carpets, that Appearance, the shock resistance and the electrical charge voltage on a human body.

- 46 -

409818/1048

1?

Table Io

23A1156

carpet
No. drawn
Thread no. Mating
behaved
Nylon-6 /
PET Appearance Stosswi-
state
(%, 1oco times) low construction
shrewdness,
bad 55 Electr .La
application
one person
(KV) 12-1 12-1 1/4 the aufgespal
tenen Konponen-
ten are satisfied
thinking ver
wraps, high
Bulkiness 64 4.7 13-2 13-1 1/3 the aufgespal
ten conpo-
nents are closed
pacifying
involved, very
high bulk 71 2.7 14-2 14-1 1/1 the aufgespal
ten cannon
ten are satisfied
thinking ver
wraps, very
high bulk 81 1.8 15-2O 15-1
i 2/1 the aufgespal
ten conpo-
nents are closed
pacifying
tangled up high
Bulkiness 69 2.3 16-2 ^: 16-1
i 3/1 low construction
schigkeit- 59 2.7 17-2 17-1
ί 4/1 4.1

47 -

409818/1048

From Table Io it follows that good quality carpets with the process according to the invention can be obtained. If the pairing ratio (nylon-6 / PET) is outside that according to the invention Area, i.e. 1/4 or 4/1, carpets with little bulk and low impact resistance are produced and high electric charge.

Comparative example 3

The three carpets nos. 15-21, 15-22, 15-23 were provided. The carpet 15-21 was made by dyeing the white, from thread no. 15-1 of Example 6 in the manner described in Example 6, but without the To carry out steam jet treatment. Carpet 15-22 was made by heating the same white carpet in a steam atmosphere created at 100 ° C for one minute and by dyeing in the manner described above. Carpet 15-23 was by immersing the same white carpet in hot water at a temperature of 95 ° C for one minute and prepared by the dyeing described above. After that, the appearance, the shock resistance and the electrical charge voltage of the three carpets measured.

In either case, the appearance was poor and the bulkiness was poor. The impact resistance was also 56 to 6o% and the electric charge voltage 4.3 to 5.1 KV.

In Fig. 15 is a photographic copy of the surface of Carpet No. 15-22 beyond that of the present invention Area reproduced, while Fig. 13 shows the photographic copy of the inventive carpet No. 15-2o Example 6 concerns. In Fig. 15 they were the pile

- 48 -

409818/1048

¹ IS

forming fibrous monofilaments are uniformly oriented and not completely entangled. In Fig. 13, the Fibrous monofilaments forming the pile puckered and were satisfactorily entangled with each other.

- 49 -

409818/1048

Claims (24)

Patent claims 1.) Process for producing a pile structure, - s characterized by being in pairs a polyamide and a polyester in side-by-side relationship with a mating ratio of 1/3 to 3/1 spun, on the threads created in this way first a non-aqueous oil composition and then an aqueous oil composition gives up, pulls the treated threads and winds them on a bobbin, unwinds the threads from the bobbin and in the relaxed state to develop a spontaneous crimp leaves the crimped threads to itself compresses to a density of 15o to 38o g / l and then in water with a temperature of less than 5o C immersed, then the temperature of the water increased to over 8o C to set the spontaneous ripples and at the same time to split the thread into the two components, and that the threads obtained are formed into the pile structure. 2. A method for producing a pile structure, characterized in that a polyamide is used in pairs and spun a polyester in side-by-side relationship with a mating ratio of 1/3 to 3/1 on the obtained Threads first give up a non-aqueous oil composition and then an aqueous oil composition, which are treated in this way Pulls threads and picks them up on a bobbin, which processes the threads into a pile structure to create a spontaneous crimp, steam jets on the surface of the pile structure to set the spontaneous crimps, and the pile structure - 5o - 4098 18/104 8 immersed in water with a temperature of less than 5o ° C and then the temperature of the water above 8o ° C recover
split. 8o ° .C increased in order to make the threads in the two components 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pairing ratio of polyamide to polyester is 5/3 to 5/2. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the provided with crimps Threads are compressed to a density of 2oo to 35o g / l, 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the composite thread is a percentage has spontaneous curling greater than 4o%. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the percentage is 6o to 95%. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a split percentage of the composite thread after the Hexsswasser treatment of more than 70%. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a shrinkage difference between the split two thread components present from 2 to 12%. - 51 - 409818/1048 SZ 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot water treatment is carried out in a cleaning or rinsing and a dyeing process. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the crimped threads in water be immersed at a temperature of less than 4o C and the temperature of the water increased to over 9o ° C and this temperature is maintained for more than 30 minutes. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to form the non-aqueous oil composition a lubricating oil together with a surface active agent and an antistatic agent with water or one organic solvents are diluted, and the oil composition should have a water content of not more than 15%. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to form the aqueous oil composition a lubricating oil dissolved or emulsified in water together with a surface active agent and an antistatic agent where the composition contains more than 40% water. 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the deposited on the composite thread Amount of non-aqueous oil composition and aqueous oil composition o, 5 to 2, ο weight% or o, 3 to 1.5 weight%, and the total amount of the oil compositions is ο.8 to 2.5% by weight, - 52 - 409818/1048 SS 14. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the pairing ratio of polyamide to polyester is 5/3 to 5/2. 15. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the composite thread is a spontaneous one Has a curl percentage greater than 4o%. 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that the spontaneous curl percentage 6ο to 95%. 17. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a splitting percentage of the composite thread after the hot water treatment of more than 70%. 18. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a shrinkage difference between the two split thread components present from 2 to 12%. 19. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the hot water treatment by means of a cleaning or. Rinsing and a dyeing process is carried out. 20. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that g e k en η that the crimped threads are soaked in water at a temperature of less than 4o C. and keep the temperature above 90 ° C this temperature is increased for more than 30 minutes. - 53 - 409818/1048 SH 21. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that to form the non-aqueous Oil composition composed of a lubricating oil, with a surface active agent Agent and an antistatic agent is diluted with water or an organic solvent, with a water content of not more than 15%. 22. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that to form the aqueous oil composition a lubricating oil dissolved or emulsified in water together with a surface active agent and an antistatic agent with a water content of more than 4o%. 23. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the deposited on the composite thread Amounts of non-aqueous oil composition and aqueous oil composition o, 5 to 2, ο wt .-% and o, 3 to 1.5 wt.% and the total amount of the oil compositions is 0.8 to 2.5% by weight. 24. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that steam is applied to the pile structure in one ■ is blasted to such an extent that the pile is strongly compressed will. £ 09818/1048 Blank page