DE2336425A1 - DEVICE FOR THE PREFERRED CHOICE OF HIGH OR LOW SOUNDS FOR ELECTRIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH KEYBOARD - Google Patents

Description

H 596

PATENT LAWYERS O O O C / OE

Dr.-Jpg. HANS RUSCHKE £ 3 JO H £ 3

D'P .'.-! Ng. OLAF RUSCHKE Dipi '.- lng.HANS E. RUSCHKE

1 BERLIN 33 Auguste-Viktoria-Strasse 65

Hammond Corporation, Deerfield / Illinois (V.St.v.A.)

Facility for preferential voting

of high or low notes for keyboard electric musical instruments

The invention relates to a device for the preferential selection of high and low tones for electric keyboard musical instruments, which device is equipped with transistors and can be operated with direct current with or without control of swelling and swelling, with alternating current signals for the highest and / or lowest notes of a group of tones played together. The establishment after the. The primary purpose of the invention is that a high-pitched tone signal from a group of keys that is struck at the same time as a solo tone sounds, or that high and low notes of an accompanying chord sound together, or that with a frequency division of a three- or four-tone chord played on a keyboard, two bass tones sound around one or two octaves lower. In the case of frequency division, the device according to the invention can also be used to

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volume
to sound the lowest as a single bass note

The invention relates to devices for dialing of high and / or low tones for musical instruments equipped with a keyboard and instruments with such Facilities are provided.

For several years, electric keyboard musical instruments, like electric or electronic organs, equipped with so-called preference circuits. Such instruments and preference circuits are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,051,032, 2,933,004, 2,468,062, 2,429,226 and 2,645,968 (J.L. Hanert). A more recent instrument incorporating such a device is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,567,838 (Tennes and Kern), and one of the invention closest preference facility is in US patent Kr. 2,874,286 (H.E.W.Bode), to which reference is made in the aforementioned patent specification No. 3,567,838.

The device according to the invention can be considered an improvement the device according to the Bode patent 2,874,286 and as a replacement for musical instruments, for example according to the Tennes patent Er. 3 56? 838 can be viewed.

'In the case of the keyboard musical instrument according to the Tennes patent while holding the keys of a three or four tone chord with the left hand, the corresponding three or Four-tone signals generated together. At the same time, there is a preference circuit According to the Bode patent, the lowest tone of the group is assigned to a low-tone selector, while the signal for the highest tone the group is fed to a tweeter. An automatic rhythm device that can be selected according to one of several Programs drums, cymbals, pieces of wood and similar uncoordinated noises sound is switched on in the facility so that that at appropriate intervals during the program, the various uncoordinated. May include tones, the programming device also makes all the signals sound that are present on the chord scale, the bass scale and the tweeter scale. Usually the signals are on the low-frequency dial-up conductor

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and passed on the dial tone ladder through one and preferably two stages of a binary frequency divider, so that the selected low and high tones sound one and preferably two octaves lower. Overall, the effect is that simply by holding the keys for a three or four-note chord with the left hand and by a suitable transition from one chord to another, the device automatically _r depending on the selected program, dsr- Keys or notes of the chord produce a low or a violet bass tone. As a result, the chord need not be played at the appropriate lateral point, and bass pedals need not be provided, which normally require some practice to operate »

The preference system according to the Bode patent script mentioned is based on the fact that the game key contacts close and open the lifeekselstromsi ^ na! Carrying out the processes, furthermore, there is no suitable way of keeping the tone with a gradually dwindling envelope after releasing a key. According to the invention, these troubles are eliminated by a direct current operated device. Here, the playing keys close and open one Xreichstromkreis, which in turn puts transistors in the conductive and non-conductive state and s ^ ar js as desired or without holding the tone.For example, a capacitor can be charged for this purpose, which keeps the signal circuit leading through the preference network in operation for a long enough time holds, so that in s'ineiss the following sign can be generated alkreis a plucked or continuous-tone · The use of a DC operation instead of a 'Aechselstrombetätigung allows Eüilkurvenkontrolle that nieiat previously possible _o

The direct current actuation also makes it possible to set up an organ in such a way that only one set of closing contacts is required for each key. These represent and close a DC control circuit for the special key ( _s ) and this control circuit can be used for the most varied of purposes

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Number of key switches can be provided. DC control signals for a group of keys played together result in tones for the lowest, highest, or both Sounds of the group. These selected audio signals, with or without sustaining, can be frequency-divided. multiplied by one Tone coloring can be provided as well as with any desired envelope curve.

These and other benefits of DC power operation are common, and power button displays are common in use. However, as far as the applicant is aware, an application of the direct current mode of operation in preferential circuits so far not carried out with success.

The invention is described in detail below. In the accompanying drawing is the

Fig. 1- is a circuit diagram for a preference system according to the invention and the

2 shows a switching pian for a modification of the circuit according to of Fig.-i, with which the tone is held after a 3game button has been released again.

The circuit shown in FIG. 1 has a group of transistors, which are individually labeled A, B, G, D, Ii. Each of these transistors represents the active element of a Key switch for a tone of the iiusik instrument, which with the preference device is equipped according to the invention. The preference device can for the accompanying section a Organ can be provided and comprises the lowest group of twenty opei keys, so that when playing a chord with three or four buttons in this section the preference facility selects the lowest or highest note of such a chord.

Transistors A-D can be thought of as the bottom four key switches for this section, and the transistor Ii can be seen as the top key switch, of course, further transistors are provided between D and U. which are not shown, however, since all transistors are identical to one another.

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The base electrode of the transistor A, which in the present

The case represents the other side of the circuit is grounded via a resistor 10 and is connected via a resistor 12 to one side of a set of game key contacts 14- which is connected to a DC busbar 16 on the other side. Branch conductors 15 lead to further key switches, not shown. The emitter electrode is connected to earth via a resistor 18 and to a terminal 20, which can be regarded as the source of the particular musical tone to be played. All of the transistors A-Ii are turned on in the same way, with the exception that the frequencies applied to terminals 20 differ from one another by a semitone, as indicated by the designations I ¹ .., Fp, F- ,, F ^ ,, F _n is expressed. Likewise, the game key contacts 14 are actuated by different game keys and are assigned to a specific sound signal.

The collector electrode of the one assigned to the lowest note in the group Transistor A is connected via a resistor 22 to a selection output terminal 24 for the lowest note, the is in turn connected to the input terminal of a preamplifier 26 which has an output terminal 27.

The collector electrode of the second transistor B protrudes a resistor 28 connected to the collector electrode of transistor A and to the collector electrode of transistor G. via a resistor 30. The collector electrode of the transistor 0 is also connected to the collector electrode via a resistor 32 of the transistor D in connection, which via a resistor 34 to the collector electrode of the next transistor is connected, etc. up to the collector electrode of the last transistor N. The collector electrode of the transistor N protrudes a resistor 36 connected to a highest tone select output terminal 38. This output terminal is connected to the Input terminal of the preamplifier 40, which is an output terminal 41 has.

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Suitable values for the constants of these are shown below special circuit listed:

Resistors 10 10 kilo ohms

Resistors 18 100 ohms

Resistors 12 100 kilohms

Resistors 22, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 22 kiloohms

The voltage across bus 16 is suitably minus 28 volts.

The preamplifiers 26 and 4-0 have a relatively high Input impedance that is ten times or more the total resistance in the line between the two output terminals 24 and is 38. As in the example described, they are twenty Key switches are provided and thus twenty-one resistors of 22 'kilo ohms each, the total resistance is 462 kilo ohms. In this case about 5 & agohm would be a suitable value for the input impedance of the amplifier.

The output terminals 27 and 41 of the preamplifiers can be connected to desired circuits, for example with Frequency dividers and with suitable tone coloring circuits, where Bass notes are obtained which are related to the chord held, etc.

Is used in an arrangement according to the aforementioned US Tennes patent the device according to the invention used, so an 'automatic programming circuit at suitable intervals the preamplifier outputs to a bass tone frequency divider which leads to the output device of the organ, or, if desired, the programming device or a multivibrator or a similar device a switchover of the terminals 24 and 38 to the input terminal of an individual Effect preamplifier · The invention relates of course the preference system and not the particular use of the by high and low frequency signals selected by the circuit.

The operation of the device according to the invention is described below described. Assuming that the game key contacts 14 for the Traneistor A are closed, the one on the Samia conductor

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lying voltage of -28 volts is applied to the 10 ^ voltage divider, which consists of a 100 kiloohm resistor 12 and a 10 kiioohm resistor 10. The voltage at the base electrode of transistor A is therefore approximately -2.8 volts, so that the transistor is switched to the conductive state. The cable of the F ^, signal3 appearing at the terminal 20 that is not earthed via the resistor 18 is therefore routed to the connection point between the resistors 22 and 28, ir / e due to the high impedance of the amplifiers 26 and 40, it means your, large Difference ^ whether the signal arrives via the Mderstaä 22 sra amplifier 26, or whether the signal arrives at the amplifier 40 through swanaig resistors having the same resistance value. In the one case is the j & iaerstandswert ILiIoOhID 22 ₅ 7 / hile it is 440 XiIoohm in the other case, which, however, are small compared IVerte the Terstärkersingangsiiapedanz au of about ρ megohms. Bas I? -Signal at the ^ -leraa © 20 occurs at both ITor amplifier output cleaaiea 27 and 41 alt about the same strength.

V.'ira now assumed that the Sast.eakoatakte 14 for the signals F> and F,., (G? ransistors A and H) are closed,

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the F ₁ ^ signal appears via resistor 22 (22 million ohms) at terminal 24, while the 3 ¹ ^ signal appears via resistor 36 (22 ohms) at terminal 33. The F ^ signal also wanders through, the group of resistors 28 * JO ₃ 32 "and so on, the connection point between the resistor 56 and the conductor leading to the Eoilektorelectrode of the transistor H. 3a the resistance from this point up to the lilsaime 58 has a value of 22 kiloohms ( ? / iaeiä; and 36), and since the transistor I is conductive and the resistor 18 leading to the grounding has an i / ert of only 100 Ginn, the F * signal is approximately in the ratio 100 plus the resistance of the Transistor divided by 22,000 attenuated. This is sufficient to attenuate the F - signal at terminal 38 so much that it is completely covered by the Fy signal -lejnäe 24 via the! transistor A and its resistance 18 im?; esentliciien to earth derived · Das! -. ochto nsign & l F- _r therefore occurs on -fc-lemaie 41 and the low-frequency signal on terminal 27 «

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If a chord of three or four notes is held, then those signals that go to the output group of the successively connected 22 KiIoohm resistors at any point between The highest and lowest tone signals of the chord are conducted, for practical reasons derived via the Transistors and resistors 18 of the first and last transistors of the group, which by closing the key contacts 14 have been placed in the leading state. Regardless of the number of keys held at the same time, therefore, occurs on the terminal 27 only the sound signal for the lowest key of the group on while on illegal 41 only the signal for the top key occurs, It is pointed out that the occurrence or non-occurrence of a forwarded signal at the output is determined without influencing the impedance of the DC circuits or without influencing the impedance of the signal sources, and that the impedance to the other side of the circuit via the small one Resistors 18 is essentially independent of the impedance of the signal generators connected between the small men 20 and the other side of the circuit.

In the case of the modified circuit shown in FIG. 2 with a single transistor, a capacitor 50 is provided which is connected to the resistors 10 and 12 and which remains charged after a key is released, αΙώ. The same liondensator is kind of connected to the other two 'resistors 10 and 12 of the preference circuit. If the key contacts 14 are closed in this modified circuit, the capacitor 50 is charged and puts the transistor in the conductive state. Each time the key is released and after the contacts have opened, the capacitor 5C remains charged, so that the audio signal is maintained and that long enough for the output signal or the frequency divider outputs to be passed on using a conventional, standardized key system. Envelope shape to germinate » It can be a conventional damping switch ^ ru =, ar forder I icu. to ensure that only the last note played is sustained. Lie Preferenzeinrichtunä me this simple holding circuit can be set up so that the Vorveretärkerausgabe via uniform and conventional

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Key switches are forwarded. Mt the subsequent uniform Key switches can be chosen any tones you want Envelope (for example, a string plucking effect or a gradual decay) after the key is released has been. The capacitor 50 is intended to emit the sound upon release hold the key long enough so that the characteristic envelope can be provided. This simple tone hold feature for the preference switching leaves the possibilities for an influencing of the envelope curve is characteristic of the invention and represents an important feature of the Invention.

With an appropriate choice of the values, the transistors can be of various types and of field effect transistors insist if desired.

Although the preference circuit according to the invention has been described in connection with a device with the one Group of tones played together high and low tones can be selected, so the setup can of course be somewhat simplified and select only the high or low tone if only that is desired. For example, if only the If a high tone is required, the lower end of the circuit can be connected to the resistor 22, the terminal 24 and the preamplifier 26 can be omitted. The use of the device according to the invention for generating high and low bass tones has of course only been described as an example of a typical embodiment. As already mentioned, preference circuits can also be used for other purposes and the invention is directed to the DC preference circuit itself and not on uses for the output of the circuit

Patent claims

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Claims (1)

Claims 1 », preference setting for selecting low and low tones, characterized by a number of sources for a group of musical tone signals, by a number of playing keys, each of which has a key assigned to a signal, each key being provided with a contact set is, duiOh a number of transistors, each of which is provided with a transistor for each signal, through a direct current circuit, which is connected to the transistors and to the play key contact sets and puts individual transistors in the conductive state when a corresponding game key is pressed, each transistor having a signal input circuit for receiving a signal from one of said sources and having an output terminal through an output line consisting of a group of equal resistors connected in series, the first resistor being connected to a bass selection terminal and the last resistor being connected to a tone selection terminal is what e group of resistors has one more resistance than transistors are provided, the output terminal of the transistor for the lowest tone of the group being connected to the connection point between the first and the second resistor, while the output terminal of the transistor for the next higher Ton is connected to the connection point between the second and the third resistor, and the output terminal of the transistor for the next higher tone is connected to the connection point between the third and the fourth resistor, etc. for all transistors, the output terminal of the transistor for the highest Tone of the group is connected between the last and the penultimate resistor of the group, through a high impedance output circuit which is connected to the low tone selection terminal and the high tone selection terminal, each signal input circuit for the 309835/0568 Transistors has a low impedance value to the other side of the signal circuit, while the impedance of the output circuit the multiple of the total impedance of all resistors connected downstream is “and where the The impedance of each of the downstream resistors is a multiple of the impedance of the input circuit ©. Device according to claim I ₉ characterized _s that each signal input circuit © inen a low impedance V / esistance contains, between the Traa, -sistoreingangsklemme and the other is connected © Since the signal circuit. Device according to claim ₉ I ₉ characterized in that said GrleichstromscLaltung a üiiderstandsaetzwerk UXXu. a capacitor contains ₅ which is connected in parallel to the transistor and to the other side of the signal circuit. jsiinriohtung according to claim 2 _? . characterized, that the DC circuit is a resistor network and contains a capacitor which is connected in parallel to aea. mentioned Transistor and connected to the other side of the circle is. . Preference device, characterized by sources for a group τοπ, W @ ciiselst2Oasigjaal9a ₅ by one "actuated control element for each signal, duraä one transistor for each SIgBaI ₃ by DC circuits, which are individually connected to the transistors νωΔ with the control ^% eleaenteii in Are connected and eiasslae -transistors in the conductive state © n ₉ if corresponding individual control elements-operated r / erdea ₉ where o @ »i © r transisto with an · input circuit for the reception of a signal from one of the sources and with eiaes? Output cleame is provided j auroli an A.usgangsleituna ₃ which consists of a group ττοη equal resistors connected downstream, "of 309 885/05 88 " where the last resistor is provided with a connecting terminal is, where the output k.onta.Kte of the transistors individually with connected to the connection points between the resistors are, through a high impedance output circuit connected to said terminal, wherein each of the mentioned input circuits for the '.Transistors has a low impedance connection to the other side of an input circuit, and wherein the The impedance of the output circuit is a multiple of the total impedance of all downstream resistors, while the impedance of each of the downstream resistances is a multiple of the impedance of each named connection. 6 · device according to claim 5 »characterized by that each input circuit has a low impedance Contains resistance between the transistor input line and the other side of the circle is switched. 7 · Device according to claim 5 »characterized by holding circles for the transistors, after the control elements have been deactivated, the transistors remain active for a selected period of time kept in the conductive state. $ 309,885 / 056