DE2310962A1 - COVERING BODY MADE OF COATED FABRIC, FOR EXAMPLE FOR EXTENSION JOINTS SUBJECT TO HIGH TEMPERATURES - Google Patents

Description

PAT E N T A N WA LT E

Dipi.-ing. H. Seiler Dipi.-ing. J. Pfenning Dipi.-Phys. KH Meinig

1 Berlin 19

4033 ° Oldenburgallee IO

Tel. 0311/304 5521 3Ο455 22

Wireword: cable rescue patent Postscheckkto. Bln.W.5938

March 2, 197 3 pf / se

JOHNS-MANVILLfi CORPORATION

22 East 40th Street, New York, NY 10016 / USA

"Cover body consisting of coated fabric, for example for expansion joints subject to high temperatures ¹ ·

The invention relates to one made of coated Tissue existing over body and on a process for the production, and in particular of a cover body for a flexible expansion joint, the high temperatures subject.

They are fabrics made from aromatic polyamide yarns, such as it is sold under the name Nomex, known as linings or coatings for expansion joints and the like which are subjected to high temperatures can be used. The ones made of aromatic polyamide

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however, existing yarns are bright and reflective and soft; typical such yarns have a diameter of 0.08 mm. In addition, these known fabrics are made with a very tight and fine weave, through which the Penetration of the elastomeric coatings through the fabric is impaired or changed. It is therefore difficult to establish a secure bond between the aromatic polyamide to achieve existing fabric and the coating consisting of an elastomer. In particular, it is difficult to achieve a bond of aromatic polyamide fabrics and fluoroelastomer coatings when exposed to high temperatures. Indeed, when using such aromas emerges from aromatic Polyamide fabrics coated with a fluoroelastomer create a layer separation at high operating temperatures between the elastomers and the fabric. In addition, since the thickness of the fabric 0.18 mm and the thickness of the coated Fabric is 0.7 to 0.9 mm, these known cover bodies consisting of coated fabrics have have poor perforation resistance and, once perforated, cannot be used any further.

The invention is based on the object of avoiding the disadvantages inherent in these known cover bodies and a strong, durable and puncture resistant cover body for high temperatures up to _ _ ... / 3

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200 ° C, which has excellent and lasting flexibility. The invention extends further on the process for the production of such a coating body, in which the bond between the elastomer layer and the fabric layer is sufficient to separate the layers to prevent at high operating temperatures.

The cover body according to the invention, which consists of a fabric layer and a cover layer, is characterized through a layer of fabric made from a reinforcement yarn combined with asbestos yarn a strong fabric layer with improved adhesive properties and consists of an elastomer layer bonded to the fabric layer. The method for producing the coating body is characterized in that a fabric layer made of a fabric combined with asbestos yarn

Gafrn
the reinforcement η xStsfoxxfeX is produced that an elastomer layer is applied to a surface of the fabric layer and connected to it and that the elastomer layer is at least partially cured in a first stage.

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims.

... A 309837/0938

The accompanying drawings are an example of this Embodiment of the invention, and it means:

Pig. 1 is a perspective view of the cover body!?, showing part of the open tissue layer

2 a section through the fabric provided with a first elastomer layer

3a shows a longitudinal and a cross section through the and 3b

Yarn of fabric

FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the animal position and FIG

of the coating body serving device

1 shows a cover body 10 equipped with an elastomer layer, in which a part has broken off is to illustrate the fabric layer 12 which forms the reinforcement layer of the over-eye body. The cover body 10 comprises the fabric layer 12, which is impregnated with a binding agent, with the elastomer layer is compatible, and there are two elastomer layers 14 and 16 provided, which are both together and are firmly connected to the fabric layer 12.

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The fabric layer 12 has an open weave to form "purchase openings 13" in the fabric layer 12 through which the elastomer layers are indented during manufacture also connected to the fabric layer 12. A preferred fabric layer has ^{twelve warp threads and twelve weft threads in a square weave over an area of 6.5 cm * 5.} Due to the nature of the yarn consisting of aromatic polyamide and asbestos, a tightly woven fabric results that Such an open weave fabric 12 with through openings 19 is particularly advantageous since the elastomer layers are pressed through the openings 12 so that the elastomer layers 14 and 16 are firmly together and with the fabric layer 12 uni not only be connected to the tissue layer alone.

in the fabric layer yarn used is a composition of an asbestos yarn and from a group consisting of aromatic polyamide or polyester yarn, wherein the composite yarn has a diameter of approximately 0.7 to 0 ') has mm. How:; i-; h results from Figures 3 and 3a,

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the composite yarn has a core 20 made of aromatic polyamide or polyester, around which asbestos yarns 22 are laid, and one or more yarns 24 made of aromatic polyamide or polyester the asbestos yarns 22 embrace. "The ι soul 20 and the asbestos yarn 22 can also be entangled with the yarn 22 made of aromatic polyamide or polyester, so that this both the yarns 22 and also embraces the soul 20. In a preferred embodiment, the core 20 has a thickness of 1200 Denier, the yarns 24 have a strength of 200 denier, and the asbestos yarns are twelve-fold cut yarns (12 Cut Yarns

under-writers grade 6230) with one within the asbestos thread

lying reinforcement, for example made of cotton;

fibers. If yarns made of aromatic polyamide or polyester are also to be provided, under special conditions also other yarns used for reinforcement, such as glass threads, can be used instead of aromatic polyamide or polyester yarns.

"Here use of the asbestos thread together with the aromatic one Polyamide or polyester yarn makes the mixed yarn considerably more bulky, alπ if aromatic polyamide oils Polyester yarns are used alone. Due to the hairy or fibrous nature of the asbestos yarn, the mixed yarn created a layer of fabric, the improved adhesive

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has properties compared to the elastomer layers, but the tensile strength, the permanent flexibility and the heat resistance of aromatic polyamide or polyester yarn owns. The yarn, which has a diameter of approximately 0.7 to 0.9 mm, forms a larger adhesive surface than the aromatic polyamide yarns. In addition, the mixed yarn forms one due to its larger diameter Fabric layer that does not tear as easily as the one previously used exclusively from aromatic polyamide yarns existing layers of tissue. Even if different elastomers and synthetic rubbers can be used, A preferred compound of the elastomer for forming layers 14 and 16 is a fluoroelastomer in coordination with other materials that increase the adhesive properties. The composition of this preferred elastomer ' Connection is given for a typical mill batch in the following table:

Elastomer connection

Material m.

in pounds percent

? Fluoroelastomer with low 55.0 60-30

Viscosity grade like that of
the company EI duPont under
the designation VITON B-50
distributed material

Magnesium oxide as it is under 8.25 4-20

called MAGLITE Y by
by Merck & Co. is sold

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Carbon black with medium thermal properties, as it is called Thermax is sold by Vanderbilt Co.

Polyethylene resin, as it is known under the 1.10 0.5-10 designation Plaskon 8416 by the
Allied Chemical Corporation
is distributed

Diamine, as it is called Dirk 3 under the designation 1.65 0.5-6 from the company EI
duPont is distributed

Liquid polyester, as described under 1.65 0.0-15 under the name Harflex 330 from
by Wallace & Tierman

75.90 100.00

The components of the elastomeric connection can vary, as can be seen from the table above. The preferred composition comprises approximately the following weight percentages: Fluoroelastomer 72.50 #, magnesium oxide $ 10.85, carbon black $ 10.85,

Polyethylene resin $ 1.44, diamine $ 2.18, liquid polyester '

2.18 io. This preferred elastomer compound has the following physical properties after curing for 20 minutes j

at 160 ° plus drying at 121 ° for one hour, HSP for one hour, 177 ° for one hour and 204 ° for 17 hours: tensile strength 1,500 psi min; Elongation 300 <$> min .; Module at $ 300 - 1,300 min .; Shone-A hardness 70 1 5; specific gravity 1.88 ± .03.

The binding agent with which the fabric is impregnated before the elastomer layers are applied has an approximate,

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Q-

Composition resulting from the following table:

binder material Batch in pounds Weight $ Elastomer connection 30th 10-30 Methyl ethyl ketone 90 (12 gals) 35-60 Methyl isobutyl ketone 30 (4 gals) 20-45 150 (approx
20 gals) 100

A preferred composition of the binder has the following weight percentages: 20 <%> ^ the elastomeric compound of the layers 14 and 16, 60 'and methyl ethyl ketone and 20% of methyl Isobuthylketon.

"Figures 4 and 5 show a calender 26 for production of the cover body 10. The calender has an upper V / felt 28, a middle roll 30 and a lower roll 32. The elastomer to be applied to the fabric layer 12 is first between the upper roller 28 and the middle one Roller 30 passed through, whereupon it is brought into contact with the fabric layer 12 by the middle roller 30 when this and the elastomer pass between the middle roller 30 and the lower roller 32. The rollers 28, 30 and 32 are heated to maintain the plasticity of the elastomer during application to the fabric layer 12

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to obtain. The maximum temperature of the elastomer during the application depends on the type of elastomer and thus the temperature of the rollers 28, 30 and 32 also depends on the type of elastomer used. However, if the temperatures of the rolls are too low, the elastomer will hold not its plasticity, and it will therefore not flow into the openings 18 of the fabric layer 12. When the temperatures of rollers 28, 30 and 32 are too high, the elastomer will stick to the rollers and not to the fabric layer unite. Therefore, the temperature of the rollers 28, 30 and 32 must be within certain limits for the respective elastomer to ensure that it is transferred to the tissue layer 12 as well. So that the elastomer adheres to the middle roller 30, but not to the upper roller 20, when it passes between these, the middle roller 30 has a higher temperature than the upper roller 28. In this way the elastomer passes through the rollers 28 and 30 and is brought into contact with the fabric layer 12 by the roller 30. When using a fluoroelastomer the upper roller 28 receives a temperature of! approx. 37.8 °, the middle roller has a temperature of approx. 40 to 43 ° and the lower roller a temperature between room temperature and 37 °.

During the application of the elastomer, the middle;

Roller 30 and the lower roller 32 with the same or approximately

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driven at the same speed. The upper roller 28 is driven at a slower speed, so that the elastomer is drummed through to maintain plasticity as it passes between rollers 28 and 30. When using a fluoroelastomer, the middle and the lower roller are at a peripheral speed powered by 9 feet t 1 foot / per minute.

The upper roller 28 is rubbed over the elastomer entrained when this is pulled through the rollers 28 and 30 by rotating the roller 30.

In the method according to the invention, the fabric layer 12 is first dried in order to remove any moisture that has accumulated in it. The fabric layer 12 is then passed through a conventional device in which "it" is impregnated with the binder by spraying, by dipping or in some other way. Thereafter, the fabric layer 12 has 13 to 25 wt.% Binder. Before the elastomeric compound is applied to the fabric layer 12 by calendering, the fabric layer 12 is dried, for example for 24 hours at room temperature, and the edges are also removed, since they are more bulky than the rest of the fabric layer, in order to prevent the fabric layer from shifting To prevent passage through the rolls of the calender. After the tissue

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layer 12 is pretreated as indicated above, the fabric layer taken up on a roller 34 is placed between the middle 30 and the lower roller 32. The fabric layer 12 is passed between these rollers with the layer 14 of elastomeric compound applied to the top surface of the fabric layer 12. The elastomer is first heated for the purpose of plasticization. The elastomer is then passed between the rollers 28 and 30 of the calender and comes into contact with the fabric layer 12 on the roller 30 is sufficient to achieve a satisfactory coverage of the fabric layer 12 and a penetration of the fabric layer 12. The distance between the middle roller and the lower roller 32 is dimensioned such that the elastomer layer is pressed into the openings 18 of the fabric layer 12 so as to penetrate at least half of the latter; however, it is preferred that the elastomer penetrate the fabric layer to the opposite surface. In the case of a fabric with a thickness of 0.7 to 0.9 mm, the thickness of the fabric coated on one side when exiting the calender is between 1.7 and 1.8 mm. After the single-sided coated fabric has left the rollers 30, 32, applying a silicone-treated paper web from the roll 38 onto the coated surface of the fabric,

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to prevent the elastomer from being wound onto the Roller 40 to adhere to the uncoated underside of the fabric. After winding up on the roller 40 winidas excess Material removed to make the one-sided coated fabric suitable for the next pass through the calender close.

With the second pass through the calender, this becomes one-sided;

I unwound coated webs 12 from "roll 40, where j the paper web 36 is removed and the one-sided coated Fabric again passed between the rollers 30, 32 with its uncoated surface upwards will. L · .. ne second elastomer layer 16 is on the upper Surface of the fabric 12 applied, wherein the elastomer is pressed into the openings of the fabric 12 until the The elastomer of the second layer 16 comes into contact with the elastomer of the first layer 14. The distance between the top roller and the middle roller is in turn dimensioned so that the thickness of the second elastomer layer is sufficient to form a sufficient cover and to penetrate the fabric so far that the elastomer the second layer 16 comes into contact with the elastomer of the second layer 14. The distance of the middle roller 30 and the lower roller 32 is sized so that the thickness of the coated fabric after the application of the second

... / if 309837/0938

Elastomer layer is between 2.2 and 2.7 ram and therefore has a suitable strength for an expansion joint. After the application of the second elastomer layer 16 by the calender 26, excess elastomer is removed, and the coated fabric is passed through a trough 42 containing water milled mica. The mica deposits on both surfaces of the coated fabric to prevent the Elastomer adhered to a rubber treated canvas 44, which is then between the turns of the coated Tissue is given as it is wound onto the roll 46. The rubber treated canvas 44 is put under tension held when it is wound up on the roll 46 together with the coated fabric 10. Through this Tension forces the elastomer of layers 14 and 16 to flow to fill free areas of the fabric, while it is being hardened on the drum 46. The rubber treated canvas has a j on its face

textured structure, which during the hardening on the two ι

side coated tissue 10 is transferred. J

The coated fabric 10 is preferably vulcanized, j

I by treating it with steam for five hours, which ^l :

is under a pressure of 25 pounds. This causes a partial hardening of the coated fabric 10, so that the complete hardening takes place when the

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layered fabric is in use.

A fluoroelastomer is preferably used as the elastomer. The fabric is made of aromatic polyamide and Asbestos or made of polyester and asbestos and has a thickness of approx. 0.7 to 0.9 mm. The double-sided coated Tissue weighs 3.6 to 4.0 kilos per 0.8 m ^ and possesses a thickness between 2.2 and 2.7 mm. Due to the strength of the fabric 12 and the strength of its coatings 14 and 16, the coated fabric 10 has a high resistance to puncturing.

j Since the elastomer layers 14 and 16 in the fabric 12

penetrate, a separation of the layers 14, 16 from the tissue 12 is reliably prevented during operation ', The elastomer layers 14 and 1.6 tightly enclose the yarns of the fabric 12 and thus prevent any friction Movement of the individual yarns against each other as well as within the yarns.

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Claims (24)

Expectations 1. Cover bodies made of coated fabric, for example for those subject to high temperatures Expansion connections, characterized in that the fabric layer consists of a with asbestos yarn combined reinforcement yarn with improved adhesive properties and from one with the fabric layer connected elastomer layer. 2. Cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric layer made of asbestos and an aromatic Made of polyamide. 3. Cover body according to claim 1, characterized in that the fabric layer made of asbestos and a polyester consists. 4. Cover body according to one of claims 1 to J>, characterized in that the fabric layer is incorporated as an intermediate layer between two elastomer layers. 5. Cover body according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fabric layer has an open, through 309837/0938 2310162 treadsöffftüngeh has forming weave and that the ¹ äläsiöMer-Öehicht is integrated into the openings and on a surface of the fabric to achieve a connection between the fabric layer and the elastomer layer that prevents visual separation. 6. Cover body according to one of claims 1 to 5 »thereby characterized in that a second elastomer layer is disposed on j the other surface of the fabric layer j bonded to the fabric layer and the first elastomer layer. 7 »Cover body according to one of claims 1 to 6, dadurdh characterized in that the elastomer layers consist of a fluoroelastomer. 8. Covering body according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the elastomer layers consist of Asbestos and aromatic polyamide yarns completely enclose the fabric layer for reduction a friction between the yarns and within the yarns between the individual yarn threads. 9. Cover body according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized characterized in that the fabric layer has twelve warp threads 309837/0938 -H- and has twelve wefts in a square weave on 6.5 a ² . 10. Covering body according to one of claims 1 to 9 * thereby characterized in that the fabric layer is impregnated with a binder which is compatible with the elastomer and increases the bond between the elastomer layers and the fabric layer. 11. Überzugökörper according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized marked * that the elastomer layers are initially only partially cured. 12. coating body according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the elastomer from approximately $ 72.5 wt. I »Pluorelastomer, 10.85 wt. $> Magnesium oxide, 10.85 wt.> Carbon black, 1.44 wt . # liquid polyester. i »polyethylene resin, 2.18 wt.% and 2.18 wt diamine is. 13. coating body according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized j in that the binder consists of 20 wt. I 'of the' elastomer, 60 wt. $> Methyl ethyl ketone and 20 weight% of methyl ethyl ketone is Isobuty.!. 14. A method for producing the coating body according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that a fabric layer ^^ i "• / ψψ \ 309837/0938 is formed from a combined with an asbestos yarn of the reinforcement yarn that on a Surface of the fabric layer an elastomer layer is applied and bound and that the elastomer layer is at least partially cured in a first stage. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the fabric consists of an aromatic polyamide the reinforcement yarn is produced, which is combined with an asbestos yarn. 16. The method according to claim! 14 or 15, characterized in that that the fabric layer made of a polyester made of reinforcement yarn that is combined with an asbestos thread 17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the fabric layer with an open, Passage openings forming weaving is produced, and that the elastomer layer on a surface of the Applied tissue and pressed into the passage openings of the tissue to achieve a one Layer separation preventing bond between the elastomer layer and the fabric layer. 309837/0938 ta 18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the elastomer layer in the passage openings the tissue layer this is pressed in at least half-penetratingly. 19 · Method according to one of Claims 14 and 16, characterized characterized in that a second elastomer layer is applied to the other surface of the fabric layer and into the openings in the fabric layer like this is pressed in until it comes into contact with the first elastomer layer. 20. The method according to any one of claims 14 and 19, characterized in that the second ι elastomer layer in the Passage openings of the tissue this is pressed in at least half-penetrating. 21. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the elastomer layers during the first hardening to be compressed to a complete filling of all "Durchtrittsöffnun ^ en of the tissue layer to achieve. 22. Device according to one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that the fabric layer in square Weaving with twelve warp threads and twelve weft threads 309837/0938 6, b cm ^{2 is} made. 23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 22, characterized in that the fabric layer prior to application the elastomer layer with a layer that is compatible with it Binder is impregnated. 24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, characterized in that a fluoroelastomer is used. Patent attorneys Seiler, Pfenning. Mine 309837/0938 Blank page