DE2056831A1 - Non-woven material and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

DR. KURT-RUDOLF EIKENBERG PATENT ADVOCATE

• HANNOVm · «CHACKSTRAtSI 1 · TBLfPON (0« 11) «140 ·· · KABIL PATINTION HANNOVm

Kimberly-Clark Corporation 240/481

ffioht woven material and process eu its manufacture

The invention relates to non-woven materials, and especially non-woven materials with thread reinforcement, and methods of making the same.

In the Deutohen patent application P 16 35 525 * 2 a non- woven material was prepared, the outer one

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Weed out cellulose wadding and inner layers Contains upright fibers arranged at an angle to one another. An open patterned adhesive layer is between each fiber layer and the cotton wool pad adjoining it, with the fibers in each fiber layer partially in the adhesive of the one next to it Adhesive layer and partially embedded in the adhesive of the other adhesive layer and thereby attached The places where the adhesive is held runs along the fibers of the fiber layer adjacent to it, and a part of the adhesive in both adhesive layers is connected at the points where the Glue samples on top of each other.

To produce such a cross-layered, a method was proposed for the non-woven product in which two separate components are first produced, which are then made by hand or with a suitable one Cross-headed devices are placed one on top of the other. Here you go was used in the manufacture of non-woven materials high strength, good flexibility and a soft hand, ie properties that are particularly desirable for disposable products that are once or only a few Times to be used.

• In practice, however, difficulties arose in carrying out the procedure, which limited the output speed of the KreuBsoalhtapparates. One of these Difficulties, namely the tendency of the cross-minded

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Components that have to be bent back at their contact edges after the canting process can be switched off if a third screw turn on the cross-ply mandrel provides and introduces the Paserhahn in Masohinenrichtung congruent with the Trägerrieoen when this sioh moves its third Sohrauhenwindung and before the cross-layered component is cut, which was previously applied directly to the cross-laminated belt. Nevertheless, the orbital component must be welded before the cross still be prefabricated, and, caused by the surface and the gap * friction of the supplied material, The output speed of such an apparatus is still limited. In addition, this results in Methods generally sewing visible overlaps or joints at the edges of the cross-brazed components.

These difficulties are avoided according to the invention in that spaced reinforcement threads are applied by cross-layers on an upwardly stretched fiber web component and that the adhesive of the Fiber web component is used to that. to connect threads with the fibers in the places where these cross the existing glue.

Instead of the stretched fiber web, it is also possible to use creped fabrics, carded fabric webs, spread fabrics

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Cable (spread tow), plastic pollen or multiple foil braids, which are almost completely aligned in the direction of the helical movement, should be used, if this is desirable. Pearlescent materials are discussed below also as lanes with highly oriented Faeernbezelbezelet.

The non-blown material according to the invention is characterized in that it is a lightweight sheet of highly oriented fibers and a plurality of substantially parallel reinforcing threads contains that the reinforcing threads are spaced apart and transverse to the Highly oriented fibers run at a considerable angle to this, so that an openly patterned adhesive layer is essentially between the fibrous web and the threads is arranged so that the fibers in the web are partially embedded in the adhesive and in by the adhesive the highly oriented layer are held, and that the reinforcing threads are partially embedded in the adhesive and through the adhesive in their position parallel and at a distance are held to each other and are connected to the fibers at the points where the adhesive is between the ' Fibers extends and the threads and fibers cross each other

In a preferred embodiment, the fiber web is aμβgereokt and applied to an openly patterned adhesive layer, which is either on a with a

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we! send a layered strap or on a Printed on a web of cellulose wadding, which runs in several helical turns in a cross-layer apparatus. The webs are preferably on a helical belt moved through the cross-layer apparatus. You will then cross threads in the adhesive pressed in and embedded so that the stretched fibers are connected by the adhesive running between them. Before cutting the cross threads, another elongated medium, for example threads for edge control, another wadding is chioht or another orbital component with high octaves Fibers fed in order to pour the cross threads into the opposing fibers of the first fiber web component.

A preferred manufacturing process combines the stretching of the fibers and the application of the threads Kreuzsohiohten with a fresh adhesive system, however the method according to the invention also works with the reactivation of adhesive, which is used for connection and stabilization the raked Faeerbahn components are used, which are prefabricated and are mounted on supply rollers. The invention also provides for process steps that use fresh adhesive and reactivated adhesive to be combined.

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Embodiments of the invention are now in described below with reference to the drawing. Show:

1 as a schematic bar position ^{: a} perspective view of a cross

shift apparatus θ to carry out

j \ of the method according to the invention,

j Pig 2 is a somewhat enlarged plan view an embodiment of the material according to the invention with partially

'broken sections of one of its

Sohiohten _{f to} illustrate the structure of the material from several components,

Pig. 3 an enlarged and somewhat exaggerated

shown cross-section of the in Pig.2-

j material shown and

Flg.4 alternating plan views and cross-sections up to 11 like FIGS. 2 and 3 for other embodiments of a device according to the invention Materials.

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FIg. 1 now shows a coffin position in the same theme Apparatus for the production of non-woven materials reinforced with criss-cross threads and having highly oriented fibers. at In the apparatus shown, multiple strands of textile fibers are removed from storage vessels 11 via a funnel rake 12 next to each other in a Reckrahmeη 13 drawn a number of corrugated rollers 14 and 15 arranged in pairs contains. The roller pairs are driven by a suitable gear of known type in the catfish that the peripheral speed of a roller pair is greater than that of the previous pair of rollers.

As they pass through the stretching frame 3, the individual fibers are stretched in adjacent strands spread out to form a flat, stripy web 16 with substantially aligned fibers. From the stretching frame If the web 16, while it is still under tendon tension, passes under a guide rod 17 and is on a elongated carrier layer 18 is placed, the surface of which is provided with an adhesive pattern. The carrier layer 18 consists in a preferred embodiment of a creped layer of cotton wool, which by known measures up to Softness of facial tissues is stretched and flattened. This layer of cotton wool is drawn off from a supply roller 20 via guide rollers 21 and 22. Between the guide rollers 21 and 22, an offset platen 23 is arranged. Sound of a rotogravure roller 24, which is in a Tauoh container 25 with glue

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rotlert, a predetermined amount of glue is applied to the Pressure roller 23 applied. You gravure roller 24 1st with an open pattern, for example an In Flg. 2 shown Diamond pattern 28, provided and excess glue is removed from the roller by means of a suitable doctor blade 26 stripped.

Other adhesive patterns can be used, but it is important that the pattern of adhesive applied is substantially open and that the total area occupied by the adhesive is no greater than 25 % of the total area of the product, and preferably only about 15% i> or less of this area. For maximum strength in the transverse direction, the selected pattern should be connected, such as the diamond pattern according to FIG. 2, in which the adhesive lines cross one another. However, it is also possible to use a brickwork-like or an open grid-like pattern, the lines of which run parallel and spaced apart transversely to the web, and in which the adhesive lines are interrupted. Such a discontinuous pattern is preferably used for particularly pliable and drapable end products.

The printed cotton layer 18 is then drawn around the guide roller 22, the rod 17 in close proximity to the Reokrahmens 13 and the guide is arranged. The stretched fibers of the web 16 then meet the adhesive- bonded one

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Surface of the cotton wool layer so that the fibers are partially embedded in the adhesive. The wadding layer 18 is subjected to a preferably continuous tendon tension when it is unwound from the gate roll 20, and the stretched fiber web 16 is held under tension in a similar manner, caused by the connection with the adhesive. As a result, essentially all of the individual fibers remain in their parallel and essentially fully stretched straight position on the wadding layer 18.In order to ensure that the tendon tension in the stretched fiber web 16 is maintained during application to the wadding layer 18, it must of course run at a speed that is slightly above the speed at which the web 16 from the Re öler take 13 exits. You pas he bahn and the Wattesohioht 18 are fed to a thread cross-layer apparatus 30 after their connection.

The cross-layer apparatus 30 shown has a cylindrical mandrel 31 around which an endless belt 32 is guided helically in several turns. The mandrel is preferably designed as a hollow cylinder, in the wall of which a large number of air passage openings are provided. Sruok air is supplied to the interior of the dome to carry the belt 32 floating on the surface of the mandrel. In the present case, three turns of the belt 32 lie on the mandrel 31. Furthermore, several guide and Ualenkwaleen 34 through 39 are provided for the storage of the belt

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Elnen suitable frames, not shown, are installed.

The location and arrangement of the roller 34 based on the mandrel 31 determines the angle at which the belt 32 on the. Mandrel 31 runs up, and thus also the angle of the helical turns. In the illustrated embodiment the roller 35 is not only used to guide and support the Belt after leaving the dome, but also to drive the belt by suitable means, not shown. Further If the belt is running back from the drive roller 35 to the guide roller 34 via rollers 36 and 39 as well as deflection rods and 38, the deflecting rods 37 and 38 preferably Air cushion guides are.

A rotatably mounted supply wheel 40 is arranged around the mandrel 31 and is driven in the direction of arrow 41, the rotational movement being in a definable relationship to the helical movement of the belt 32 around the mandrel. During the rotation of the supply wheel, a number of reinforcement threads 42 are drawn off from conical supply drums 43 and wound helically around the mandrel 31 and the belt 32, the threads being spaced parallel to one another and at a considerable angle with respect to the longitudinal direction of the belt, such as eg 90 °. A certain distance between the threads and their angular position on the belt are of course dependent on the number of threads supplied by the supply wheel 40,

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2056834

-η-

from the speed ratio of the rotary movement of the ver; supply wheel related to the belt movement as well as the screwing depending on the angle of the belt.

The reinforcement threads 42 are thus according to the invention partially embedded in the openly patterned adhesive layer and daduroh in their position parallel and at a distance from each other held »at the points where the adhesive extends between the elongated fibers of the web 16 and the threads and fibers cross each other · Thus every thread is on glued to several points of the fiber web while it extends across the width of the web 16.

After the threads 42 have been wound up in a helical manner Another web 45 is fed onto the fiber web 16, preferably in congruence with the belt 32, and guided around the mandrel 31 in a subsequent helical turn. In the illustrated apparatus 30, the web 45 is from withdrawn from a supply roller 46 and is then pulled over guide rollers 47 »48 and 49» which feed the web 45 to the mandrel 31 » brought into line with the belt 32 and the fiber web 16 » while these run around the mandrel. The web 45 thus covers the threads 42 and closes the threads between the fiber web 16 and the cover web 45. The cover web 45 leads in two ways at least one completely helical Circulation on the mandrel 31, and a son eury device 44 is arranged on the longitudinal edges of the web 45 and the belt 32 around the threads 42 »after they are between the webs 16 and 45

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are included, cutting into transverse segments.

After the cutting operation, the belt 32 and leave the threads from the batting layer 18, the Paserbahn 16, the cross \ 42 and the cover sheet composite web 45 to the mandrel 31! in the direction of the drive and bearing roll 35.The assembled web is then separated from the belt 32 and, in the illustrated embodiment, guided around the outer surface of a door heating drum 50 before it is introduced into the nip between a pair of heated calendering rolls 51 and 52 .

The preheating drum serves to at least partially harden or dry the adhesive in the composite web and brings the adhesive into a state desired for the final connection of the composite components. The required surface temperature of the preheating drum. This depends on both the type of adhesive used and the length of time the web remains in contact with the heated drum surface. |

It can indeed numerous different adhesives are used i, however, special advantages in the use of plastisols, which are known synthetic resins of colloidal dispersions in a suitable organic Esterweichmacher exist "Among the known adhesives of this kind have custody for the product such erfindungegemäfie

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2Q56S31

The yinylochloride polymers have proven particularly suitable and copolymers of vinyl chloride with other vinyl resins, which by organic phthalates, sebacates or Adipates are plasticized. These combinations add up quickly hardening plastisol adhesives, which are characterized by their relatively low viscosity, low tendency to migrate and characterize minimal cursing properties. Such Adhesives remain warm and flexible after curing can be reactivated by applying heat and pressure, so e.g. by hot calendering, and thus ensure that the final laminated product is the one you want. Maintains softness and proper grip.

Although plastisols are preferred, polyvinyl resins by themselves, plasticized or non-plasticized, can also be used; such as polyvinyl acetate and copolymers can be used. Other flexible adhesives that use acrylic resins such as Alcylaorylate, J. and butadiene resins such as butadiene styrene and butadiene acrylic; nitrile, can also be used. ■

■ '■'! ■ When using the preferred plastisol adhesives, j

As described above, the steel preheating drum 50 is ^{heated to a temperature of about 121 to 177 °} C. in order to accelerate the hardening or drying of the adhesive. The hot cage rollers 51 and 52 work at temperatures of 149 to 190 ⁰ C and are used for complete. The adhesive cures or dries through, with the cross threads 42 and the Paeerbahn 16 fixed to the base sheet 18 and

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the cover sheet 45 are connected. She composite web then passes over a series of cooling rolls 53 and 54 before β he is wound onto a Aufwiokelwalze 55th

In a preferred embodiment, the cover sheet is made 45 corresponds to the base web 18 made of creped cellulose wadding.

^N In Pig. 2 and 3, such a material is shown in somewhat exaggerated form. If desired, the underside of the cover sheet 45 can also be printed with adhesive in a corresponding manner to the cotton wool layer 18. For this purpose, an offset adhesive printer is provided, which is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1 and denoted by 60.

In another embodiment of the invention, prefabricated fabric fiber laminates 56 and 58 can also be used instead the cotton layers 18 and 45 are used. Such laminates can initially be prepared according to one of US Pat. No. 3,327,708 described method are produced and then stored on supply rollers, from which the material is then unwound and fed to the cross-layer apparatus 30.

As already proposed in German patent application P 16 35 525.2, the adhesive can be reactivated in such a material. According to the invention, this reactivated adhesive is then used to connect the cross

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threads · used in the assembled product. One material with these properties is in Flg. 4 and 5 shown.

Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for producing cross-thread-reinforced fiber webs, an additional cover layer of cellulose wadding not being required. In practicing this method, however, it is desirable to introduce hold-down sutures on each side of the cutter, as shown , for example, in U.S. Patent 3,025,196. A cross-thread reinforced Gewebefas he-Lamlnat this type 1st in Flg. 6 and 7 shown.

In a further embodiment, the base wadding layer 18 can also be omitted if it is desired to produce a cross-thread-reinforced fiber fabric of the type shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In a method j for the production of such a non-woven material I, the stretched fiber web 16 is directly on the with; a repellent layer provided surface of the carrier; belt 32 applied after this with an open. j The adhesive sample has been printed. For this purpose, an adhesive printer 62 is provided, for example, which is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1. After the cross threads 42 wound around the helically moving web 1 and 6, were cut into transverse segments as described above, the composite web made of threads, fibers and adhesive is

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Stripped binder from carrier belt 32 on the surface the drum 50 is hardened and calendered by means of the rollers 51 and 52. In this particular case, the strap can be heated by means not shown in order to partially cure or dry the adhesive, namely until it comes off the belt cleanly *

In a further embodiment of the invention it is also possible, instead of the base wadding layer 18 and the cover layer 45, to use self-supporting fiber webs 63 and 64 to use. Here, too, the adhesive that originally connected the fiber webs is reactivated. to also connect the cross threads 42 and a product of the in Figs. 10 and 11 shown type. Ss can be seen that it is possible for the person skilled in the art to find many variations on the basis of these examples without leave the inventive idea eu.

For example, the strands fed to the stretching frame 13 can contain thermoplastic fibers which, when heated, connect the other fibers and the threads to one another. In addition, instead of the stretched fiber web, other types of oriented webs can be used if this is desired, in particular webs with insufficient strength in the transverse direction, such as creped fabric, cased fabric webs, spread cable, plastic

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Polien or multiple foil braids, which in red the helical movement are hoo-oriented. Other suitable changes and modifications may also be made and variations are made »without the scope of the invention Leave 8U.

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-Patent claims-

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Claims (11)

Pat en t to eprüohe 1J Nonwoven material, characterized in that it contains a light cream of highly-oriented fibers and a plurality of substantially parallel reinforcing threads, that the reinforcing threads are spaced from one another and run transversely to the high-oriented fibers at a considerable angle thereto, that an openly patterned adhesive layer is arranged essentially between the fibrous web and the threads, that the fibers in the web are partly embedded in the adhesive and by the adhesive are held in the high-oriented position, and that the reinforcing threads are partly embedded in the adhesive are and duroh the glue are kept parallel and at a distance from each other and are connected to the fibers at the points where the glue stretches between the fibers and the threads and fibers cross aloh. 2. Material naoh Anspruoa 1, thereby gokennselohnet, dafl 109822/1773 it contains a layer of cellulose wadding, and that the open; patterned adhesive layer essentially between the batting and the fibers in the highly oriented web is arranged. 3. Material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains two outer layers of cellulose wadding, and that! one layer of cotton wool facing the fibers of the highly oriented web: and the other layer of cotton wool facing the reinforcing thread. 4. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that it; two outer layers of cellulose wadding and a pair of light ones. Web of stretched fibers includes an openly patterned adhesive layer between the top layer of cotton wool and the adjacent fiber web and a second layer of adhesive between the bottom layer of cotton wool and that this adjacent fiber web is arranged, that reinforcing threads are arranged between the fiber webs, ' and that the reinforcing threads are partially embedded in the layers of the open adhesive pattern and through the Adhesive are held at the points where the adhesive runs along the fibers and the threads and fibers j cross. 5. Non-woven material according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that «the light webs consist of high-octave staple-length fibers that are tight 109822/1773 are adjacent to each other that both fiber webs are arranged parallel to each other, and that In each Paserbahn 80 to 95 # of the fibers straight and parallel to the Direction of grain are aligned. 6. A method for producing a cross-thread-reinforced nonwoven material with highly-oriented fibers, characterized in that several strands of staple-length text ilfibres are stretched into a flat, light web of highly stretched and aligned fibers, that an openly patterned adhesive layer on the surface an elongated carrier layer is printed, that the stretched fiber web is applied to the surface printed with adhesive, while the web is held under tensile tension, that a plurality of reinforcing threads is applied by cross layers on the surface of the stretched fiber web, the cross threads at a distance from each other and are arranged substantially parallel and transverse to the fibers at a considerable angle to these, and that the fiber web, the adhesive layer and the threads are pressed together in order to embed the individual fibers of the fiber web in the adhesive and the upright fibers aligned parallel and fully stretched out to hold and to embed the reinforcing threads in the adhesive and in their position at a distance and to keep parallel to one another at the locations where the adhesive "runs wipe denFasern and tease the yarns and fibers kr". 109822/1773 7. Method naoh .Anspruch 6, daduroh characterized « that 80 to 95 # of the lines fully straightened out and straight and aligned in parallel. . · -. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized daduroh. that the carrier is an endless belt provided with a repellent layer which is moved helically around a mandrel, that the threads are wound around the helically moved belt and then cut off at transversely adjacent edges of the belt and the fiber web, and that the adhesive and the threads are then withdrawn from the belt. 9. The method according to Anspruoh 6 or 7, characterized daduroh. that the carrier layer is a long stretched fabric made of cellulose wadding, which is bonded together with the fiber web, the adhesive and the threads under pressure. > 10. Method naoh Anspruoh 9 » daduroh characterized that In a further step of the process, a second elongated web is fed to the cross-stitched thread, which contains at least one layer of cellulose wadding. 11. Method naoh Anspruoh Io, daduroh characterized. that the second elongated fabric contains another light web of still stretched fibers which are connected to the fabric by an open adhesive pattern, and that the adhesive is reactivated in order to partially connect the third fabric with the threads 1098 22/1773 Blank page