DE22617C

DE22617C - Combination of perforated plates and caps, applicable to distillation and rectificir devices

Info

Publication number: DE22617C
Application number: DE188222617D
Authority: DE
Original assignee: E. A. BARBET in La Madeleinelez-Lille, Frankreich
Priority date: 1882-10-17
Filing date: 1882-10-17
Publication date: 1883-06-30

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

Die Erfindung soll die Vortheile von zwei Hauptabtheilungen der Destillationsapparate, der Kappen- und Lochapparate, in sich vereinigen.The invention is intended to exploit the advantages of two main divisions of stills, the Cap and punch devices, unite.

Die ersten, die ältesten, kommen fast ausschliefslich für die Destillationssäulen in Anwendung, wogegen die meisten Rectificirapparate sich aus durchlochten Platten zusammensetzen.The first, the oldest, are used almost exclusively for the distillation columns, whereas most rectificirapparatus are composed of perforated plates.

Die Kappenapparate sind gewöhnlich sehr leicht zu betreiben und geben sehr feine Alkohole. Sie sind aber von begrenzter Leistungsfähigkeit und bei gewissen teigartigen Producten verursacht das Verschmutzen der Kappen Arbeitsunterbrechungen für eine oft mühsame Reinigung. The capping machines are usually very easy to operate and give off very fine alcohols. But they are of limited efficiency and in certain dough-like products the soiling of the caps causes work interruptions for an often laborious cleaning.

Der Lochplattenapparat zeichnet sich dagegen durch hohe Erschöpfungsfähigkeit aus. Die Flüssigkeit wird durch die Heftigkeit des Gasstrahles gewissermafsen pulverisirt und dies erleichtert die Austreibung der flüchtigsten Antheile aus derselben. Kein System ist jedoch auch günstiger für das Blasenfortreifsen, was der Feinheit der Alkohole schadet; aufserdem erfordert es einen äufserst regelmäfsigen Betrieb und eine bis in die geringste Einzelheit vorwurfsfreie Construction. Die durchlochten Platten sind für Destillirsäulen versucht worden und haben bei der Ingangsetzung ausgezeichnete Resultate gegeben. Sobald aber Weinsäure die Plattenlöcher vergröfsert hatte, war die Function des Apparates gestört, und man-mufste nach kurzer Zeit auf die Anwendung der Platten verzichten. The perforated plate apparatus, on the other hand, is characterized by its high capacity for exhaustion. the Liquid is to a certain extent pulverized by the force of the gas jet, and this is made easier the expulsion of the most volatile parts of it. However, no system is more beneficial for bubble growth, what harms the fineness of alcohols; it also requires extremely regular operation and a construction free of reproach down to the smallest detail. The perforated plates have been tried for stills and have been excellent at starting up Results given. But as soon as tartaric acid had enlarged the holes in the plate, the function was complete of the apparatus disturbed, and one had to forego the use of the plates after a short time.

Der vorliegende Apparat vervollständigt das eine System durch das andere.The present apparatus completes one system with the other.

Anstatt die Löcher gleichmäfsig auf der ganzen Fläche der Platte zu vertheilen, vereinigt der Erfinder sie zu einer gewissen Anzahl isolirter Gruppen, deren Bohrung gedrängter ist; diese Gruppen sind derartig auf der Oberfläche vertheilt, dafs die absteigende Flüssigkeit der darüber liegenden Platte gezwungen ist, sich der vielfachen Wirkung des Dampfstrahles zu unterziehen, bevor sie zum nächsten Abfiufsrohr gelangt, d. h. man mufs diese Gruppen von Dampfstrahlen so anordnen, wie man gewöhnlich die Kappen anordnet. Da dies aber noch nicht genügt, bedeckt man jede Gruppe von Dampfstrahlen mit einer Kappe aus Bronze oder anderem Metall von besonderer Form und mit gezahntem (oder auch geradlinigem) Rand, wie Fig. ι zeigt. Die auf die Platte genieteten oder geschraubten Lappen sichern die Stellung der Kappe. Der Abstand der Zähne von der Platte ist so berechnet, dafs die Flüssigkeit frei unter der Kappe circuliren und sich erneuern kann. Die Dampfstrahlen pulverisiren die Flüssigkeit, und das Gemisch von Dampf und Flüssigkeit zermalmt sich auf dem Kappenmetall, was die innige Annäherung der Mischung vervollständigt und den Auswechsel der flüchtigen Substanzen erleichtert. Der durch diese doppelte energische Bearbeitung mit Alkohol bereicherte Dampf wird schliefslich, bevor er zu der darüber liegenden Platte gelangt, einer ergänzenden Reinigung unterzogen. Er kann in der That nur aus dem höchsten Theil der Kappe treten, indem er die ihn abschliefsende äufsere Flüssigkeit der Kappe durchdringt. Dieser Dampfstrahl, welcher die Flüssigkeit gewissermafsen nur bestreicht, befreit sich dabei von den mit fortgerissenen Blasen, während er sich von neuem bereichert.Instead of distributing the holes evenly over the entire surface of the plate, unite the inventor divided them into a certain number of isolated groups, the bore of which was more compact is; these groups are so distributed on the surface that the descending liquid the plate above is forced to take advantage of the multiple effects of the steam jet undergo before it goes to the next drain pipe, d. H. one must have these groups of steam jets in the way one usually arranges the caps. But since this it is not enough to cover each group of steam jets with a bronze cap or other metal of special shape and with a toothed (or even straight) edge, as Fig. ι shows. The tabs riveted or screwed onto the plate secure the position the cap. The distance between the teeth and the plate is calculated so that the fluid is free can circulate and renew itself under the cap. The steam jets pulverize the liquid, and the mixture of vapor and liquid crushes on the cap metal, what the intimate approach of the mixture completes and the exchange of the fleeting Substances relieved. Enriched with alcohol through this double energetic treatment Finally, before reaching the plate above, steam becomes a complementary one Subjected to cleaning. In fact it can only come from the highest part of the Kick the cap by penetrating the cap's closing liquid. This jet of steam, which to a certain extent only brushes the liquid, is freed in the process of the torn bubbles as he enriches himself anew.

Claims

This cap has a threefold purpose: double, very vigorous stirring, which exhausts the liquid very quickly and which is followed by cleaning when the liquid penetrates, as with ordinary caps. The inventor asserts that by using this cap he can achieve a reduction in the number of plates in the stills and rectifiers, while nevertheless achieving greater utilization of the mass and greater fineness of the distilled products. This system is also reserved for the columns for distilling dough-like masses for two reasons;

1. during an interruption of work that is so detrimental to the caps currently in use the column, because the products become dehumidified and harden, becoming clogged produce, the inventor's plates empty completely by virtue of the holes. If, by chance, individual thick parts remain the vigorous stirring opens the holes and brings the whole thing back to normal to the solution;

2. Finally, the cleaning of the plates through a viewing hole is very easy, since the previous one Conventional rings are omitted and you look like the perfect one Cleanliness of the plate can convince.

For the special case of use on still columns, the cap has the through Fig. 2 shown shape.

We have said above that the perforated copper does not long withstand tartaric acid. By virtue of the grouping mentioned one can now find another less vulnerable material use for the sieve plate and place it under the copper plate by screws or Fasten rivets (see Fig. 2).

The drawing represents the rivet; However, it remains reserved to the shapes, proportions and vary mountings as appropriate in the scope of the invention especially on the connection of the two organs, sieve plate and cap, into a single one Apparatus. The material used for the sieve plate and the cap is especially bronze, but it can also z. B. hard lead, silver-plated copper, enamelled metals, porcelain, hard glass and so on.

It is also reserved to completely or completely remove the plates of the columns or rectificirapparate to be partly connected to the cap.

This arrangement can also be used for the care men cleaners of any construction, for the Gas purifiers, called scrubbers, for liquid manure stills and for distilling volatile substances of all kinds.

Patenτ claim:

For rectificir and distillation columns of all kinds, the construction and complete or partial Use of devices that are characterized by the connection of arched, cap-shaped plates with flat, horizontal sieve plates, for the purpose of faster, easier and more thorough extraction and purification of the products to be produced.

1 sheet of drawings.