DE2255871B2 - MULTI-LAYER, AIR SOUND INSULATING BUILDING PANEL WITH STRONG BODY SOUND INSULATION AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a multilayer, luftschalldämmende Baustoffplat ^f e with strong body sound insulation consisting of at least two in each case by at least one flexurally soft heavy layer surface interconnected layers of bending-resistant wooden material, chip material, plaster, plasterboard, inorganic or organic layer or fibrous, inorganic or organic foam .

Such building material panels essentially serve to isolate work, school and living spaces, in f> o which nowadays do not have sufficiently heavy walls to achieve maximum sound insulation To be available. In addition, the mentioned building material panels are used to increase the sound insulation of Partitions, doors and panels. (> s

The sound insulation of a wall increases in a certain frequency range below the coincidence frequency with increasing basis weight.

One could therefore increase the layer thickness of a certain material, characterized by its Achieve dense acoustic improvements if the coincidence frequency were not changed.

The range of the coincidence frequency shows a minimum of sound insulation and should by no means be shifted significantly in the important frequencies below 10 kHz.

From the known approach for determining the coincidence frequency / * of single-shell wall panels becomes of the relationship

m B.

const.
7Γ

assumed (see Cre m e r, Wissenschaftl. Grundl. der Room acoustics, Volume III).

Here, B denotes the flexural rigidity, E the modulus of elasticity, d the thickness, c the speed of sound, m the mass per unit area and ρ the density.

The increase in layer thickness of a wall shell means, in addition to the desired increase in weight, a acoustically disadvantageous increase in flexural rigidity and, as a result, an undesirable decrease in the Coincidence frequency. After converting the formula (see also C. B e 12: h ο I d and K. Kurz— Acuslica 26, 197;) in the form

/ 1 m - const. ·

one recognizes that the coincidence frequency is shifted towards lower frequencies if one under Maintaining the material only increases the weight of the wall panel by changing the thickness.

From the same approach it can be seen in principle that the characteristic ratio q ^z / e must be as large as possible in order to give cn the most favorable material mixture for increasing the sound insulation of walls. It is therefore obvious to look for materials with the lowest possible Ε-module in connection with a high specific weight and use them for this.

For structural reasons, the construction of a wall with heavy, flexible materials is not permissible.

In contrast, multi-layer systems with flexible, heavy intermediate layers fulfill high internal levels Damping and relatively thin outer shells demand sufficient strength and the best possible acoustic effect. Because of its high density and flexibility, this led to for many years Use of lead foils which, apart from slight deviations, correspond to the ideal law of mass.

Other materials such as wood and wood-based materials already deviate from the ideal curve in terms of their effectiveness from a basis weight of less than 5 kg / m ² , while other materials such as concrete, plaster of paris, glass and the like show a downward trend from 7 to 8 kg / m ² have (see Fig. 1 in the appendix) a sound reduction index that is around 8 to 12 dB lower, even with weights per unit area of 15 to 20 kg / m ² .

The acoustical-theoretical facts, which were clear in themselves, then led to the production of as much as possible Flexible PVC-based mats with a corresponding plasticizer content, which, in terms of measurement technology, are the Requirements were sufficient, due to their inadequate bondability, tendency towards plasticizer migration and the like for a lot of material communications,

and applications did not show the necessary suitability. Bituminized roofing felt as well as sent Roofing felts were also inexpensive stopgap solutions, especially in this case even on nailing the surfaces could not be dispensed with in order to ensure adequate fixation.

To improve the sound insulation of walls or floors, it is already known (FR-PS 10 94 332), a visco-elastic intermediate layer without additional connecting means between two unconnected shells to lay. Such an arrangement is only suitable for floors, since in this case on Additional fasteners that transfer the floor can be dispensed with.

It is also already known (BE-PS 4 99 277), an extreme between two rigid outer plates insert a thin, flexible intermediate layer and glue it to the outer panels. Through the thin In the intermediate layer, the two outer layers are physically and acoustically separated from one another, and so is the laminate has better sound insulation than is the case with panels connected in the acoustic sense. Due to the low specific weight and other physical properties, the thin delivers Intermediate layer for structure-borne sound insulation itself does not contribute. An effective soundproofing for living spaces cannot be achieved with this known laminate.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a to develop easy-to-process building material panels that are better than conventional materials Has soundproofing.

This object is achieved in a building material board of the type mentioned in that each pliable heavy layer has a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm and a specific weight of 2 to 3 g / cm ³ , and that it is 75 to 90 wt .-% consists of a heavy filler and 10 to 25% by weight of a polymer-based binder.

The building material panels according to the invention combine in an impressive way at most that which has been attainable up to now Soundproofing behavior with low thickness of the panels with the possibility of these building material panels with regard to all types of use and application of the usual building material panels made of wood or wood-based material or inorganic-. Recycle material such as plaster of paris, etc. So, of course, aoiche building material panels can be used in any way be surface treated, such as painted, smoothed, roughened, glued, plastered or on any be coated in other ways as the material used as the outer layer allows. Furthermore However, the building material panels according to the invention can also be sawn, nailed, planed or on any otherwise cut, perforated, or processed in any other way without that the pliable heavy layer used according to the invention interferes with this work in any way or influenced.

The use of the building material panels according to the invention is because of their good acoustic properties, their simple production, the associated low price and the processability, which does not require any requires additional or special methods or devices, extremely versatile.

The number of firmly connected layers does not need to be two layers rigid material and a flexible heavy layer, but there can also be several rigid and interposed layers are connected to one another.

Can be used as fillers for the flexible heavy layer

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, inorganic material of high specific weight such as soot, barite, iron ore, lead ore or a mixture thereof can be provided.

According to a further development of the invention, the binding agent for the flexible heavy layer consists of

ίο a copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene with a vinyl acetate content of 10 to 75% by weight and an ethylene content of 90 to 25% by weight, or else from an ethylene-acrylic acid-acrylic ester terpolymer or a polyisobutylene-styrene copolymer.

A method which is characterized is used to produce the building material panel according to the invention is that you bring a pliable heavy layer between two rigid layers and this with or without pressure either by hot melt gluing

; o when heated or by sticking with usually Glues used to connect flatly with one another.

This creates an excellent, permanent connection between the outer layers and the flexible one Heavy shift reached. For example, it is possible to have two chipboards as the outer coating use and glue a corresponding pliable heavy layer sandwich-like between these, by using the glue that can also be used to glue the two chipboards together,

3c, for example, white glue. On the other hand, it is also possible with a corresponding selection made according to the invention the flexible heavy layer, the connection of the three layers to one another to form a plate To achieve hot melt bonding. Because the flexible heavy layer selected according to the invention to a sufficient extent and in the long term using the same binders as phenolic and melamine resins as well White glue, which is used, for example, to produce a chipboard from mash and binder, between two outer layers of wood-based material can be tied down, the production of such a product adds itself Building material board according to the invention on the basis of chipboard seamlessly in the manufacturing process of Chipboard a. Also in the production of sandwich elements from inorganic layer and Fibers as well as organic and inorganic layered and fibrous materials can be flexible Heavy layer are bound with the originally present cohesive agents. When going on

> o the adhesion requirements, the flexible heavy layer can be made self-adhesive on both sides, which means it accommodates hydraulic binders.

The invention sol! explained in more detail with reference to the drawing of various exemplary embodiments will; it shows:

F i g. 1 is a diagram showing the dependence of the mean sound reduction index on the weight per unit area,
F1 g. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure

1.0 a building material panel according to the invention in section and F i g. 3 shows a schematic representation of the basic structure of a building material panel according to the invention of more than three layers (on average).

The F i g. 1 illustrates that one

(-> measure sound-absorbing building material panels, whose The mean sound reduction index, depending on the weight per unit area, corresponds to the sound insulation index of lead sheet, in which, in turn, this dependence with the ideal

Berger's curve almost coincides. Surprisingly, even with higher grammages an increase in the mean sound insulation value that almost coincides with the Berger curve without Burglary as observed with wood and wood-based materials alone or with concrete, plaster of paris and glass

The in F i g. 2 shown embodiment of a building material panel according to the invention consists of two Chipboard 5 of 7 mm thickness and a heavy plastic film 6 of 2 mm thickness. This ι ο according to the invention Soundproof building material panel can be produced as described in Example I or II.

In Figure 3 is the cross section of another according to the invention Building material panel reproduced. This plate consists of three rigid layers 12,13 and ι s 14 of the same or different thickness of the same or different material and of two layers of the flexible heavy layer 6. This plate is, for example, for use with single or multi-layered panels Partition wall and structural elements as well as for the production of door leaves, door and window frames and the like suitable. The number, thickness, order and material of layers can be changed according to the invention will.

25 Example I

Laminate building board as a combination of two
Chipboard with the flexible heavy layer

Two chipboards about 13 mm thick and each about 8.5 kg / m ² weight are applied with a flexible heavy layer of 3 mm thickness and 7 kg / m ² weight, self-adhesive on both sides according to the invention, by pressing with 2 to 3 kp / cm ² pressure 60 seconds duration connected. A heat-dried dispersion pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ^{weighing 200 g / m 2} , for example based on acrylate, serves as the pressure-sensitive adhesive.

The element produced according to the invention has a total weight of about 24 kg / m ² and provides an average sound insulation value of R ' _m = 35 to 38 dB. In order to achieve the same level of sound insulation, chipboard with a weight per unit ^{area of over 50 kg / m 2 would} have to be used.

Example II

Laminate structure by hot pressing the
flexible heavy layer

Two chipboards, each 7 mm thick, are placed on both soaps of a 2 mm thick flexible heavy layer, so that a sandwich structure is present. Then the loosely lying panels are heated in a hay press or similar and Line pressure (press or pressure rollers) at 120 to 160 ⁰ C for 2 to 4 minutes with about 3 to 4 kp / m ^{2 of} pressure. The adhesive connection by means of the flexible heavy layer according to the invention comes about without additional adhesive application or pretreatment of the adhesive surfaces and its strength values correspond to the requirements, since in the desired case a cohesive break in the chipboard occurs during separation

In a departure from the method described above, the pliable heavy layer can also be heated take place in a separate step with subsequent pressing. Likewise, of course, is a Connection with white glue or other adhesives is possible, provided there is no or insufficient heating is available or the chipboard is thoroughly impregnated with the adhesive. The acoustic values correspond to example A.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Multi-layer, airborne soundproofing building material board with strong structure-borne sound insulation, consisting of at least two layers of rigid wood-based material, chip material, gypsum, plaster of paris, inorganic or organic layered or fibrous material, inorganic or organic, each connected to one another by at least one flexible heavy layer Rigid foam, characterized in that each flexible heavy layer (6) has a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm and a specific weight of 2 to 3 g / cm ³ and that it consists of 75 to 90% by weight of a heavy filler and 10 to 25% by weight of a polymer-based binder. 2. Building material panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder for the flexible heavy layer (6) made of a copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene with a Vinyl acetate content of 10 to 75% by weight and an ethylene content of 90 to 25% by weight. 3. Building material panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the binder for the:> Flexible heavy layer (6) made of an ethylene-acrylic acid-acrylic ester terpolymer or a polyisobutylene-styrene copolymer. 4. Building material panel according to claim 1, characterized in that as a filler for the flexible Heavy layer (6) inorganic material with a high specific weight, such as soot, barite, iron ore, Lead ore or a mixture thereof is provided. 5. A method for the production of building material panels according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that a flexible heavy layer is introduced between two rigid layers and this with or without pressure either by hot-melt gluing or by Gluing with commonly used glues connects flatly to one another. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that one rigid layers of different kind and / or different thickness verwen- 4 $ det. .