DE2240385A1 - METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE FORCE WHEN DRIVING A PILE AND EQUIPMENT TO PERFORM THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents

Description

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BOLT ASSOCIATES, INC., 205 WILSON AVEIiUE, NORWALK, CONNECTICUT 06854, U.S.A.

Method for controlling the force when driving a pile and. Device for carrying out the procedure

The invention relates to a method and a system for determining and increasing the magnitude of the force exerted on one Stake that is driven into the earth.

Use conventional drives of the diesel or steam type a drop weight or a hammer blow on an anvil surface, to transmit a blow to a stake. The forces on the anvil, which due to such a noisy Impact results are destructive when the energy level required to drive a pile becomes high. So it is desirable to have a cainine drive which does the above Disadvantages of conventional steam or diesel ranimen drives avoids, and which has a massive piston weight that on hits a cushion of pressurized fluid.

Known methods and systems for driving piles using conventional rams are unable to control the magnitude of the driving force ζυ acting on the driven pile. This is mainly due to the fact that the force was measured in the pile by means of inference or tested ,.

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the standard procedure being to assess the resilience of a driven. To determine the stake with reference to its resilience, which should be driven much further under a certain number of repeated blows by means of a special size or wipe of the hammer. For example, one known technique has been to continuously drive the pile until its resistance to further driving required 10 hammer blows to achieve 2.5 cm of pile displacement. If the pile is not advanced faster than this rate, it is believed that the desired load bearing capacity has been achieved . ■■■ '..

A disadvantage of the above type, the load-bearing capacity by means of inference ensure, lies in the fact that the apparent resistance of the pile to further driving on the Inability of the stake driver to drive the stake in, instead of the desired load-bearing capacity. There are strong variations in the soil conditions and in the frictional forces » which can occur between the earth and the side faces of a pile, and at the bottom of the pile different layers or stones can appear. All of these variables can affect the pile driving operation. Eiije Ram according to the prior art can without the operator noticed to be defective so that they don't have blows with gives full rate. As a result, the stake appears to offer some resistance to further driving while in fact there is a problem with the insufficient driving force lies. When the heavy structure is later built up on the pile, it can sink in and the one above it Damage structure.

Another disadvantage of the prior art is that the force exerted on the top of the pile in use

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conventional ramming methods can exceed the maximum force that. the stake is able to endure and it yields Destruction of the top of the post or weakening of the stake. Although some operators use blocks of wood or the like place between the pile driver and the pile »in order to absorb excessive forces, such blocks easily destroyed and require frequent renewal, causing delays, besides, their use means a Waste of energy * The well-known processes leave their mark in effect the operator will be blind to what is actually occurring. The Ramioenführer applies the inference and his Experience, but unknown factors, may be present that lead to results that differ from what is planned in advance was,.

The present invention overcomes these and other disadvantages inherent in the known methods and systems and provides a manner of determining the actual force exerted on the pile while it is being driven so that its magnitude is at a predetermined level Level can be maintained. It is therefore UNU to deliver an object of the invention to provide a method, a system for the determination and control of the input drive force is applied to a post to enable the ram guide to stop the Einraramen of the pile at a predetermined Einrammkraft "

A characteristic of the present invention is that a massive piston weight falls up and down on a cushion pressurized fluid, the pressure of which can be regulated and controlled. Another object of the invention is consequently to provide a method and apparatus for controlling the impact force generated by a piston weight; impacting a pillow of pressurized FMdum by the pressure of this Kincenfluidutns is controlled.

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Another object of the invention is to provide a method and system for size determination and control the driving force exerted on a pile by determining the pressures of a cushion of pressurized fluid enclosed under the massive piston weight, and irylem the pressure values based on this determination be regulated.

Another object of the present invention resides in the ability of the method and the proposed system to provide a to allow automatic control of the magnitude of the driving force applied to a pile in response to a determination of that magnitude is fed.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a controlled supply of pressurized fluid is provided. is supplied to a percussion chamber beneath a massive piston weight to cause the piston weight to fall up and down on the pressurized fluid in the chamber containing the has a controlled pressure. The pressure values of the fluid cushion under pressure within the impact chamber are determined and additional fluid under pressure is injected in a controlled manner in response to the pressure value determination. Therefore, the force exerted by the striking piston weight is controlled, with the result that the magnitude of the driving force, that is exercised on the stake is also controlled. In this way the size of the applied pile is exerted Force measurable and controllable within predetermined desired limits.

Further advantages and possible applications of the invention result from the accompanying illustration of an exemplary embodiment as well as from the following description.

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It shows 5

Fig. 1 is a side view of a pole drive system with a Field vehicle with boom and one by Druckfluidura operated ram according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical axial sectional view of an embodiment the invention;

Fig. 3 is a vertical axial sectional view similar to that of Fig. 2 but showing a different embodiment of the invention shows; and

Fig. 4 is a vertical axial sectional view similar to that of Figs. 2 and 3, but with a different embodiment the invention.

In Fig. 1, a pile driver 1 is shown, consisting of a portable crane 2, a pile driver 20 and a post 28 which is driven. The pile driver is easily and conveniently transported to the construction site or the like by means of the crane 2.

The transportable crane 2 consists of a movable boom 4, operated by hydraulic pistons or by cables 6, which are mounted on the chassis 3 »Also arranged on the chassis 3 is a pressure fluid supply 8 and an intermediate fluid reservoir 10 as well as one Control panel 12. From the intermediate fluid reservoir 10, the compressed fluid under controlled pressure from the supply

receives, runs a flexible pressure line 14,

which is connected to the pile driver 20. From the post driver 20 A pressure value transmission line 16 runs to the control panel 12,

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The pile driver 20 consists of a cylindrical housing 22 with a head plug 21 and a coupling 30 for the delivery of the desired engagement with the post 28 which is being driven. The pile driver 20 depends on the boom 4 of the crane 2 by means a support cable 18, which is attached to the head plug 21 in a suitable manner, guides for guiding the ram and of the pile should be provided. Such guides are known in the industry. They consist of two parallel vertical ones Guide rails, which can be firmly connected to the chassis 3, and which can also be connected to the boom 4 at their upper ends can be connected.

A pipe pile 28 is shown being driven into the earth, but this is for illustration only. Of course, other types of pile-driving piles can also be used with the invention, such as H-beam piles, flat piles, wooden piles, tubular piles, etc. Pressurized fluid (liquid, steam, air, gas) is controllably guided into the impact chamber in a V / iron which will be described in greater detail below, through line 14 from sources 8 and 10 of pressurized fluid as controlled by a control member located on panel 12. This control takes place on the basis of the determinations of the pressure values which occur within the pressure chamber, these determinations being supplied to instruments on the control panel 12 by means of the pressure value transmission line 16. Referring now to Figures 2-4, there are shown pile driving methods and systems embodying the invention. The pile driver system 20 consists of a cylinder wall 22 which has a cylinder 2? surrounds provided with a massive piston weight assembly, generally designated 24. At the lower end of the cylinder wall 22 there is a cylinder base arrangement, generally designated 26, which closes the lower end of the cylinder wall 22 effectively. The cylinder-bottom assembly 26 includes a second piston 60, which is connected to the pile 28, which is driven

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is connected by means of a separable coupling 30, and contains a pile drive adapter 3? -> · which is shaped so that it can engage the upper end of the respective driven pile. . · '---'

Inside the cylinder wall 22 between the lower end of the solid piston weight assembly 24 and the cylinder base assembly .26 there is an impact chamber 34. Pressurized fluid injection devices 36 are intended to transfer pressurized fluid into die.strike chamber 34 below the descending piston weight assembly 24 inject. This fluid injection device 36 comprises a pressurized drive fluid storage chamber / and a piston operated valve mechanism 40 which is in communication with the impact chamber 34.

The massive piston weight assembly 24 moves up and down within the cylinder 23 and hits a cushion pressurized fluid in the impact chamber 34. The massive piston weight assembly 24 contains a main weight 42 of suitable solid solid material. A bushing member 44 is attached to each end of the main weight 42 and has a annular configuration fitted onto an end portion 46 of reduced diameter at the end of the weight 42, abutting to an annular shoulder 48. The bearing bushing part 44 is held in place by an end cap 50 made of tough hardened steel which is attached to the weight 42 by removable attachment means (not illustrated). Piston rings not shown are provided at 54 to provide a fluid-tight seal create.

Del the illustrated embodiment of a pile driving system the cylinder base assembly 26 includes a second piston 60, that can move up and down a limited distance within a second cylinder 61, which is through a

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The lower extension of the cylinder wall 22 is defined below the level of the impact chamber 34. An annular retaining and bearing member 65, which defines the lower end of the cylinder 61, is secured with a mounting ring 69 which is connected to the exterior of the
Cylinder wall 22 is welded. At the lower end of the second piston 60 there is a coupling flange 71 which can be gripped by means of a removable coupling 30. The detachable coupling 30 is formed by two semicircular brackets with protruding mating flanges which are suitably secured together.

The fluid injection device 36 including the drive fluid chamber 38 and valve mechanism 40 injects pressurized fluid through an injection port 62 into the Impact chamber 34 below the downward piston weight ' Arrangement 24. The injection of pressurized Fluidura by means of the valve mechanism 40 is blown by the piston operated by means of an upwardly extending actuator 91. The actuator 91 is at its upper end with a pressurized fluid trap 93 provided in the shape of a large cylindrical piston. This piston 93 can be depressed to precisely enter the opening 62 to trap pressurized fluid in the impact chamber 34, after which the fluiduro into the impact chamber was injected.

The pressurized fluid is supplied from a suitable source such as a supply storage tank 8 mounted on a chassis 3 of an air compressor (Fig. 1).
The compressed fluid, such as air or gas, is at a suitable pressure, for example from 5.62 kg / cm (80 psi) to 211 kg / cm ² (3000 psi).

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The pressurized fluid is then supplied to the pile driver system 20 through a flexible or rigid, depending on the application, pressure line and fed by connector 96 (Fig. 2). This connection 96 runs in a bushing with a bore 72 within the drive fluid chamber 38-is in connection. The pressurized fluid flows from the bore 72 through openings 73 into the drive fluid chamber 38, and when the piston weight 42 Depresses the piston 91, fluid is passed through the opening 62 injected into the impact chamber 34. After the piston weight 24 pressurized fluid upward from the cushion has moved, the expanded pressurized fluid is removed from the cylinder through a plurality of outlet ports 106 in the cylinder wall

22 dismissed. The air outlet openings 106 are provided with an annular Silencer chamber 108 in connection.

After the expanded pressure fluid in the impact chamber 34 through the openings 106 has been drained, the pressure is reduced below the piston weight 24 and ~ allows the 'piston weight to fall. When the falling piston weight again depresses the actuator 91, the valve 40 suddenly goes down opened to inject further pressurized fluid from the storage chamber 38 into the percussion chamber 34. Hence the downward falling "Piston weight.24- braked and accelerated upwards again and rises over the gates 106. The expanded fluid is drained again and the piston weight drops again below.

In this repeated cycle operation in which the massive piston weight assembly 24 continuously moves within the cylinder

23 moved up and down, it falls onto a cushion of pressurized fluid in the impact chamber 34 into which the pressurized fluid controllably flows in accordance with the present invention.

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is injected as a function of the pressure in the impact chamber occurs. The many advantages that result from this, as already indicated in the introduction, are described below further described.

A test valve 112 is connected to the sensor opening 110 Impact chamber 34 in connection. The downstream or exit side this test valve 112 is by means of a pressure value transmission line 16 is connected to a pressure measuring device 114 which is mounted on the instrument panel Ί12. The pressure value transmission line 16 ends at a point downstream of the pressure gauge 114 and has between its end point and the Pressure measuring device 114 has a shut-off and drain valve 116.

In order to determine the pressure values which occur within the percussion chamber 34 during each cycle, the shut-off vent valve is used 116 closed. While the piston weight 42 pressure fluid is compressed in the impact chamber, the test valve is opened, whereby pressure is supplied to the pressure measuring device 114 can be transmitted, which is a reading of the peak pressure values κ that occurs within the striking chamber during the cycle. While the piston weight 42 moves up, the test valve closes to ouf the peak reading the meter 114 to maintain. When htfhsre pressure values in the Schlagkaraner 34 during successive cycles can be anticipated, the shut-off vent valve 116 be kept closed as the successively higher Peak pressures are displayed on the meter 114.

The determination of the peak pressure values in the impact chamber Vi occur, provide an indication of the weight of the beating colon 24 exerted impact force, which is fed via the piston 60 to the pile 28 which is driven in. Meanwhile, can the operator determine the magnitude of the input force that exerted on the stake while it is being driven.

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Eventually, as pile 28 is driven deeper into the earth, its impedance, i.e., resistance to a further input., As a result, there is an increase in the peak pressures occurring in the impact chamber 34. The test valve 112 serves to maintain this peak pressure, and the gauge 114 measures what peak pressure occurs during the stake driving continues.

By multiplying these peak pressure readings by the Cross-sectional area of the cylinder base arrangement 26 can do that Engineering personnel who monitor the drive calculate the peak value of the drive force in kilograms or tons that is applied to the top of the stake is exercised. If desired, the meter 114 can be calibrated to directly include units of force, such as kilograms or tons.

If a pile occasionally encounters softer or dull layers while driving, this leads to a reduction in friction and means that the pile can be driven with less impedance. In these circumstances, the pile penetrates deeper with each impact and the pressure peaks which occur in impact chamber 34 diminish during such lighter driving cycles. The operator or the supervisor watching the impact meter 114 will notice that the pointer 115 no longer rises and is enclosed in the wmager'at 114 so that the pressure therein falls until the new peak pressure values (or force) are indicated by the pointer 115.

If the driving force is considered too low, the Dedj.enunciyper;:; cm the driving force during each Cycle is applied, increase by or the pressure in the Pfahlranirrmn-Speichererkiiinijier 30 and thus increased in the Schlagkamrner 34 "

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In this way, the operator can set the driving force to an optimal value for effective pole driving hold in the least amount of time.

If conversely during the pile driving operation the pile on one If you encounter unexpectedly high resistance, the stake will only move a lot move little during each drive cycle. The peak pressures in the striking chamber 34 will increase, and thus the Display of the meter 114. When the driving force approaches a predetermined maximum, the operator can adjust the driving force, which is supplied during each cycle, decrease. In this way the maximum force on the pile is not exceeded. Likewise, by keeping a record on the magnitude of the driving force applied at the different heights during the driving process the engineers get more information about the different layers that make up the Surrounding stake.

The measuring device 114 can be equipped with a manually adjustable pointer or provided with an index 117, which is at a position is preset, which corresponds to the maximum desired force to be applied to the pile. This default indox 117 is adjacent to the curved and graduated scale 1191 which is in units of force is calibrated so as to provide the operator with a convenient reference point to deliver for observation. This reference scale 119 can be removed and replaced by another scale if a Post driver 20 uses a lower piston assembly 26, 60 that is larger or smaller in diameter. Through this can use the same measuring device 114 (calibrated in pressure) for the different Sizes of pile drivers 20 are used and the scale 119 is varied for the different sizes of the pile drivers.

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The control of the driving force in the embodiment shown in FIG ungs.form is carried out on the basis of the reading taken by the meter 114 is obtained. As described above, pressurized fluid is introduced into the impact chamber 34 by means of of the valve 40 introduced from the fluid storage chamber 38, the pressure fluid from a pressure fluid supply via the pressure line 14 receives. The pressure fluid supply can consist of an air compressor, as shown in Fig. 1 at 9, with a receiver or storage tank 8. Downstream of the pressurized fluid supply 8 is a shut-off valve 118 and downstream from this shut-off valve 118 is a pressure regulator with a manually adjustable handle 121, this setting controls the pressure of the fluid temporarily stored in the buffer 10> This intermediate fluid storage device 10 has a capacity which is significantly greater » than that of the drive fluid storage 38. The purpose of this intermediate storage 10 is to ensure that the pressure introduced into chamber 38 is substantially the same as that Adjustment of the regulator 120 .. The fluid intermediate storage also ensures constant pressure. Another shut-off valve 122 is located immediately downstream of the reservoir 10, In normal ramming operation, valves are 118 and 122 fully open. The line 14 should have a sufficiently large internal diameter to prevent a pressure drop in it To make the line as small as possible.

To illustrate the manner in which the force delivered to the top of the pole is controlled, it is assumed, for example, that the maximum desired force to be delivered on top of the pile 28 is the maximum peak pressure in corresponds to the impact chamber 34 of, for example, 200 kg / cm '. While the When the pile driving operation begins, the peak pressure values that occur in the pile driver 34 are displayed on the measuring device 114.

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shows and observed. If the stake initially encounters little resistance and is driven in easily, they remain Pressure values relatively low, with readings of, for example, 50 kg / cm. The operator therefore knows that he get a greater clout and get a faster and more effective propulsion rate into the earth, in-dera er increases the peak pressure occurring in the impact chamber 34, corresponding to approximately the permissible desired force on the Stake 28.

By suitable manual setting of the pressure regulator 120, a higher fluid pressure is introduced into the intermediate storage 10 and thus into the chamber 38 in order to obtain a greater impact force, and the subsequent pressure value display is observed on the pressure measuring device 114. The activity of the pile driver is then continued within the desired pressure value range close to, but below the maximum allowable pressure, namely 200 kg / cm. Should the post 40 ^A meet a greater resistance, so that it is more difficult to drive in, the pressure values in the impact camper 34 will increase accordingly. If it is observed that the peak values displayed by the measuring device 114 and occurring in the impact chamber 34 are approaching the maximum permissible value of 200 kg / cm, the pressure regulator 120 is changed in order to reduce the pressure which is in the fluid storage chamber 38 and thus flows into the impact chamber 34. Since a maximum pressure was displayed on the measuring device 114, only: the drain valve 116 would have to be opened in order to reduce the pressure on the line 16. After the pressure in the impact chamber 34 has been reduced, the impact force exerted by the piston 60 on the top of the pile 20 is also reduced.

In the above-mentioned way, therefore, the Bodionar becomes the size determine the driving force exerted on the pfaiii, by measuring the peak pressure values in the impact chamber> <i

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occur, and will then control this driving force by increasing it or lowering the pressure of the fluid entering the impact chamber 34 is inserted in accordance with the obtained pressure value reading. Thus, if the pile is relatively easy to drive, the operator will increase the pressure applied to the Storage chamber 38 is introduced, and more effective operation obtained by ensuring that each stroke of the piston weight leads to greater penetration of the pile. If on the other side the stake is hard to drive, and the Pressure values rise in the impact chamber 34, with the corresponding f-yn As the impact force exerted on the pile increases, the pressure is reduced so as to reduce the driving force and thus preventing the pile from being destroyed if the maximum permissible force is exceeded.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the pressure manually controlled based on the observation of the pressure or force reading on the measuring device 11A and the force index scale 119 "

However, Figure '3 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, _f in which the occurring in the impact chamber 34 pressure value'"The ^ 'Drucicanzeiger controller 124 includes a pressure value transmission line 16 to a pressure indicator controller 124, a manually adjustable means 126, through the The maximum permissible pressure in the impact chamber 34 can be set, indicated by an index pointer 128, this pressure being determined taking into account the maximum permissible force that may be exerted on the post 128. The forces occurring in the impact chamber 34 are registered by an indicator 130. In response, the controller sends a signal over lines 132 to a slave 134, such as a servo motor or pneumatic actuator, which automatically operates the pressure regulator 120 in response to the controller 124. In "nnlichirr wines served a ^v slave 136 das'Entlüfungsventil 116

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receiving control signals over lines 138. The signal from the pressure gauge controller to the slaves can be either be pneumatic or electric.

In either case, the controller 124 reads the peak pressure values, which occur in the impact chamber 34, it compares it with the maximum permissible preselected value indicated by the pointer 128 is illustrated, and allows a higher or lower fluid pressure in the storage caramer 38 by controlling the * slave " 134 and the pressure regulator '120 in the pressure line 16. If the Impact chamber pressure value reaches a high, the controller sends a signal to the slave'136 to close the vent valve 116 zn to open. The embodiment in FIG. 3 therefore enables one automatic control of the amount of driving force exerted on the pile 20.

In Fig. 4 is yet another embodiment of the method of the system, the magnitude of the driving force exerted on the pile being automatically determined and in addition is used to control the driving operation. In Fig. 4, a pressure transmitter 114 is shown to determine the pressure values that occur within the impact chamber 34. The ■ pressure transmitter converts the pressure readings into electrical ones Signals to be transmitted via an electrical line 142 to an electrical Controller 144 are transferred. The electronic controller 144 is preset to match that in the Sehlagkainmor 34 occurring Druckv.'erten corresponding signal to be compared with a predetermined value that is determined by an adjusting device 126, shown as a control button as <a function of the maximum force exerted on the stake shall be. Based on this comparison, the electronic probe Control a signal via lines 143 to a slave 146 which controls the pressure regulator 120 and a larger one introduces lower pressure into the fluid storage chamber 38 and from there into the impact chamber 34, as in the other embodiments

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to shape. . '

An advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 4 is that the The controller is set to a predetermined pressure or force level setting that is desired, and the controller may be right far away from the pile driver itself, such as in the crane cab or in a suitable remote location .on the floor. The transmitter provides an instant determination the pressure values, and with a suitable selection of the electronic controller, the impact force can be based on either the Regulate average, middle or peak pressure value. The supervising engineer can control the force applied during the pile driving operation if he can wishes regardless of who operates the post driver.

Thus, a method and a system was created with which the size of the ramming force can be ensured, which on a Pile is exercised, and with which such a ramming force can be controlled so that it has a fixed value, not exceeds. According to the illustrated embodiments of the invention, this can be done by an operator one pressure reading of the pressure values is observed, which occur in the impact chamber of the pile driver, and which can manually regulate a pressure regulator as an answer to it To supply fluid of increased or decreased pressure to the pile driver. The same control can be obtained automatically come with a variety of pressure sensing and control devices, and it is in none. Manner is limited to the embodiments specifically described. An important advantage shown, which is achieved by such a control is the increased efficiency and economy of the pile driver, the results from the use of the maximum permissible drive if a pile is relatively easy to drive, and by the fact that with a difficult pole drive

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no damage will result from excessive force applied to the pile, thereby causing damage of the stake is avoided. This latter characteristic also leads to a high level of operational reliability. Another important before - = - part of the present invention is that the pile is actually driven to a maximum force, which is equal to the desired predetermined final input force. This final input force is predetermined to be comparable with the load that the stake is supposed to support when it moves is in service, plus a safety factor determined by the design engineer. In addition, one delivers A continuous record or log of the force exerted on the pile at each height and the impact of the pile driving provide the supervising engineer with additional information about the strata penetrated by the pile.

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Claims (1)

• -i 19 - Claims 1. ■ method for driving in an elongated solid object, such as a stake, in the earth, with a large mass being thrown up and down on a cushion compressible pressure fluid, such as e.g. Compressed air or compressed gas, marked in a Kararoer below the crowd by sensing the. Pressure values of the pressurized fluid in the chamber to determine the magnitude of the driving force, which on the pile is exercised, controllable introduction of more pressure fluid into the chamber below the impact mass than Answer to determining the pressure and using the Downward blow to the compressible fluid in the chamber to drive the pile, the pile being controllably driven into the earth. 2. Method for driving an elongated, solid object, such as a pile, in the earth, according to claim 1, wherein a cylinder with a massive piston weight / within of the cylinder can be moved up and down, with a chamber in the cylinder below the piston weight, with pressurized air or gas intermittently in the Chamber is inserted to cause the piston weight to appear on it; pressurized fluid in the chamber up and down, and the weight of the beating piston generated impact force attached to the elongated object. is coupled to drive this into the earth, marked by determining the magnitude of the driving force exerted on the object during the stroke of the piston weight becomes, and controlling the flow of pressurized 309 8 0 9/0258 ■ - 20 - BATH ORIGINAL Air or gas into the chamber in response to the determination, to regulate the pressure occurring in it, and to control the amount of driving force that is applied to the Object that is being driven in. 3. A method for driving an elongated, solid object into the earth according to claim 1, characterized in that . the magnitude of the force delivered to the object is determined by feeling the pressure values in the chamber 34 occur below the piston weight with every flapping movement of the piston weight. 4. A method for driving an elongated, solid object into the earth according to claim 3, characterized in that the sensed pressure values are peak pressures and that the pressure that is regulated in the chamber is the peak pressure value occurring therein. 5. A method for the controllable driving of a pile into the earth according to claim 4, characterized in that the occurring peak pressure values are temporarily held after they have occurred to the peak pressure values to eat. 6. Procedure for driving an elongated object, such as 'e.g. of a pile, in the ground, according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure of the compressed air or of the compressed gas, to be introduced into the chamber (34) as a function of the pressure in the chamber (34) below the large, self reciprocating piston weight (24) is controlled. - 21 309809/0258 7. Method for driving an elongated object, e.g. of a pile, in the earth according to claim 6, characterized by pre-determining the desired maximum value of the Driving force to be exerted on the pile shortly before the end of the driving operation, and increasing the pressure 'from pressure-': "air or pressurized gas introduced into the chamber (34), by the desired maximum value of the input force at. · ". Generate termination of the driving operation. Device for driving an elongated, solid object, such as a pole, into the earth to carry out the Method according to one of the preceding claims 1-7, with a ram which has a cylinder with a piston weight of has large mass reciprocating within the cylinder and the one chamber in the cylinder below of the piston weight, means for connecting the ram to the object being driven to to transfer the clout from the back and forth moving piston weight is exerted on the object by means (110, 112, 16, 115 or 110, 112, 16, 130 or 110, 140, 142, 130) for determining the amount of driving force delivered to the object and by devices, (120 or 124, 132, 134, 120 or 144, 143, 146, 120) for the controllable supply of compressed air or compressed gas into the chamber based on the determination, to cause the piston weight to respond to controlled levels of pressurized air or pressurized gas in the chamber impacts to control the driving force applied to the object as it is driven. - 22 309809/0258 9. An apparatus for driving an elongate solid object in the ground according to Claim 8, characterized in that the means for determining the size of the input drive force ausgilbt to the object \ FIRD _t means (110,112, 115) includes means for sensing the pressure values, which occur in the chamber (34). 10. Device for driving an elongated object, such as e.g. of a pile, in the ground according to claim 8, characterized in that the device for the controllable supply of compressed air or compressed gas in the chamber (34) pressure control devices (120th or 120 and 134) or 120 and 146) for comprises controlling the pressure of the compressed air or gas intermittently introduced into the chamber (34) thereby controlling the amount of driving force exerted on the pile. 11. Device for driving a pile into the earth according to claims 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that the devices to determine the size of the Eintriobskraft, which on the Pile is exercised, facilities (110, 112, 16, 115 or 110, 112, 16 130 or 110, 140, 142, 136) for sensing the Includes peak pressures occurring in the chamber (34) below the large piston (24). 12. Device for driving a pile into the earth, according to Claim 11, characterized in that the pressure sensing devices an opening (110) in communication with the chamber (34) and a check valve in communication with the Opening is in communication with a pressure measuring device (12 or 124), which is connected to the opposite side of the test valve communicates from the opening (110). - 23 ~ 309809/0258 13. Device for driving a pile into the earth according to claim 9 or 11, characterized in that the pressure sensing device is a pressure transmitter (140). 14. Device for driving a pile into the earth according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized by means (134 or 146) for actuating a pressure control valve (120) and automatic control devices (124 or 144) for the automatic control of the actuator. 15. Device for driving a pile into the earth according to claim 10, characterized in that the devices (120) for controlling the pressure of the compressed air or the compressed gas that is fed intermittently into the chamber, is connected to an intermediate storage account (10) for Compressed air or compressed gas, which is connected to the pile driver by means of a hose line (14). 309809 / 02B8