DE2157174A1 - Transplanter for potatoes, onions and the like - Google Patents

Description

Transplanter for potatoes, onions and the like «,

The invention relates to a planting machine for potatoes, onions and the like with a hopper storing the supply of potatoes, a planting device and a conveyor which conveys the potatoes from the supply hopper to the planting device.

In a planting machine of the aforementioned type , the novelty is seen in the fact that the storage hopper has a bottom inclined in the direction of the conveyor, over which the potatoes can slide to the conveyor, the inclination of the ürichterbodens relative to the conveyor being adjustable and adjustable by a setting device adjustable, is that auoh during the running of the

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Planting machine feeds the potatoes to the planting device over a floor with a changing slope essentially remains at a previously determined value *

Further details and features of the invention are provided can be derived from the following detailed description and the attached drawings “in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example,

In the drawings show:

. 1 is a perspective rear view of a

potato plowing machine according to the invention, 2 shows a cross section through one of the devices

advice of the planter according to

Fig. 1 and
Figo 3 is a scbesiatisehe representation of a separated

■ in the ennobled embodiment of an experienced

proper Fflanzraaschine ^

The one shown in Figures 5 "ig. 1 and 2 of the drawings Potato planting machine works with one ! Tractor or a similar agricultural

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vehicle for use

Like the Tig. 1 shows, the potato planting machine includes a chassis 1 which is supported on body wheels 3 and has connections at the front end for the three-point linkage at the rear end of a tractor 5. The chassis 1 carries two hopper 7 for receiving potato stocks, and two conveyor 9 _f the Sartoffeln from the hoppers 7 to the planting devices 11 "befördernο A! Üransmissionssystem 13 transmits the movement from one of the ground wheels 3 to a gear 14 'which for the drive the conveyor 9 and the other movable file of the machine to be described later, a driver's seat 16 is also arranged at the rear end of the chassis 1.

In the planter shown, the storage hoppers are 7 at the front end of the chassis 1 at a distance from one another on both sides of the longitudinal center axis stored in the machine. The associated conveyors 9 extend from the associated torrent funnel 7 to back to the associated planting device 11, the is located at the rear end of the chassis 1., Each one Planting device 11 consists of an opener

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Ploughshare 15 and two of the following cover serving disc plowshares 17o

The driver's seat 16 is located directly above the Picking devices 11 »so that the hit driver Planting devices and the rear ends of the conveyor 9 can be observed «

The conveyors consist of endless belts 19 arranged in pairs "which run over pulleys 21". Each belt 19 is in its upper run aligned substantially horizontally and parallel to the adjacent belt of the same conveyor 9. in the In the area of these upper strands, the belts 19 are positioned against one another upwards and outwards »see above that a total of a V-shaped channel for the promotion of the potatoes is created (see Fig. 2), the belt are each over by means of one of their pulleys in a manner to be described below a ground wheel 3 driven. The two associated belts 19 of a conveyor 9 are driven with bevel gears 22 at the same speed

The supply hoppers 7 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, made of sheet metal, consist of a main

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• πι

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portion 23 and a side portion 25 "The main portion 23 of the Trichtere 7 has four side winds, the lower ropes inwardly and downwardly konvergierenα The Hebeuabsehhitt 25 is bounded by two upstanding side plates 27 'under the main portion 23 of the Trichtere 7 transverse to the machine according to protruding below, an outer side wall 29, which lies between the side plates 27, and a ürichterboden 31.

The bottom 31 of each funnel is supported so that it can move back and forth to a limited extent relative to the rest of the files of the funnel . The bottom 31 is further provided between the rod 33 and supported the opposite edge of the base with a Hookenpaar 35 "The cams 35, which are arranged on a line extending parallel to the hinge rod 33 shaft 37 apply a reinforcing plate 39 on the underside of the funnel bottom 31 _o With this support, the Xriohterboden 31 extends transversely to the pump 9 downwards and to the center of the machine, ie from the outer side wall 29 of the secondary

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section 25 with corresponding inclination to the belonging Sponsor 9,

_O to control the potato feedstream from the hopper 7 to the associated conveyor 9 is included in addition to "sections 25 of each hopper 7 a return roller 41 is provided This roller 41 which carries a Gum" mitummantelung and has a substantially square cross-section, rests on a shaft 43 , which runs between the two side plates 27 of the Ifobenabachnittes 25 parallel to the conveyor 9 and also parallel to the lower articulated edge of the bottom 51. The roller 41 is located directly under a slide 45 'which is displaceable on the lower edge of an inner side wall of the main funnel section 233. The distance between the feeder roller 41 and the feeder base 51 is slightly larger than the maximum dimension of a potato Potatoes can be moved over the floor 31 down to the conveyor 9. _T should be of larger size potatoes plant can push the slide 45 up or take out and then followed by the roller 41 according to

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to move above, so that a greater distance "smell whales and funnel bottom 31 is created _o

Lift the hinged edge of each: The funnel bottom 31 is a Doeler roller 49 for forwarding the potatoes from the Triohterboden 31 to the associated conveyor 9ο Each Do beer roller 49 contains two troughs that relate to each other the roller axis over an angle of about 90 ° ο If there are a row of potatoes between the Rttekftthrwalze 41 and the Triehterboden 31 bis., to the articulated edge of the friphter base 31 has moved forward, it reaches one of the grooves of the metering roller 49 «In operation, the metering roller 49 is continuously put into circulation in a manner to be described below the potato grater is moved in a channel over a path of about 90 ° around the axis of the roller 49 and then deposited in the adjacent conveyor 9

The drive for the movable file of the planting machine according to the invention is derived from a ground wheel 3, which via a chain 51 »an intermediate shaft 53 and a further chain drive 55 of the Tiansmiesion system 13 with the gearbox 14 in 7-series

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There is a binding · From the gear box 14 another gear box extends over a crossed one V-belt 57 forward and down to a front intermediate shaft 59a

At each end of the intermediate shaft 59 there is a universal joint 61 via which the drive is passed on will lead to one of the pulleys 21 of the associated conveyor 9 · From the intermediate shaft 59 Another gear train via a drive chain 63 to an angular gear 65 (Figo 2) “Sine Auegangewelle of the gear 65 is connected to the metering rollers 49 via a chain drive 67. A tensioning device operating with spring force is located on the chain 69. A further chain drive 71 connects the shaft of the metering roller 49 with the shaft 43, which carries the return roller 41. A further chain drive 73 is also used from the shaft 43 the camshaft 37 is driven. The chains of the two last-mentioned chain drives 71 and 73 are with a common chain tensioning wheel 75 kept under tension «The position of the tensioning wheel 75 can be changed, in order to take the changes in position of return roller 41 and slide 45 into account if necessary.

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The machine described here is used for storage the funnel 7 has a saddle-shaped bearing plate 77, which is located between the upwardly projecting side plates 27 of the funnel secondary section 25 extends next to the Tricbterboden 31. The funnel 7 is supported with this saddle-shaped bearing plate 77 on the upper section of a support tube 79, which is in length » direction of the planter between two cross members of the chassis 1 extends · A retaining plate restricts the movement of the hopper 7 relative to the tubular support 79 to a rotary movement about the axis of said support.

To change the inclination of the funnels 7, each funnel is provided with a hydraulic system 83, which is on an upper cross member 84 of the chassis 1 is mounted (Fig. 2). The piston rod 85 of each hydraulic system is coupled to one end of a rod 87 extending between opposite side walls of the associated funnel 7 extends parallel to the tubular funnel support 79. By actuation the corresponding funnel 7 can be tilted around its tubular support 79 *

As FIGS. 1 and 2 show, each hydraulic system is

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Order 83 in a hydraulic circuit to which a valve spool 89, hose connections 91 between hydraulics 83 and slide 89 and others nicbtcärarabelled Hoses for connection to the hydraulic system of the tractor 5 belong. The slide valves 89 are located on top of the gear box 14, so that the actuating levers 93 for the two valves can easily be operated from the vehicle seat 16 "

Each of the two funnels has a level indicator 95 assigned, which is located in front of the Triohter on the cross member 84. The two indicators 95 consist of a protruding plate with a row of five on the back Indicator lines 97. When the transplanter is on horizontal ground, the lines 97 point to above and are equally spaced in the horizontal direction. If then also the associated one Funnel 7 stands up, a middle in » indicator line 97 exactly in line with an in - tern: side surface of the funnel, provided that one looks at the indicator from the seat 16. This location of the funnel in the pig. 2 in undressed Lines shown.

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215T17A

The planting machine according to the invention is used for operation coupled to the rear end of the tractor 5 and then dragged along the ground. By moving over the ground there is a propulsion of the ground wheels 3 »to angular gear 65 and from this to the camshaft 37, to the return roller 41 and to the dosing device 49 of each funnel. At the same time there is also a drive from the ground wheels on the conveyors 9 transfer the potatoes from the hoppers to the planting devices 11 at a speed that is the speed of the machine across the ground is proportional.

By rotating the camshaft 37, the bottom 31 of the associated funnel 7 is increased by a small amount Angle with respect to the toggle rod 33 reciprocated. This movement of the floor 31 supports one steady flow of potatoes within the funnel 7, which goes down to the bottom 31 and then continues after leads down over the floor to the metering device 49. In this latter movement, the potatoes come under oils return roller 41, which is proportional to

to! the driving speed of the planter

so sensed in Ualattf that --.--.

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the downward movement of the potatoes across the ground 31 of the funnel is slowing down. As mentioned earlier, the Rtiekftthrwalze 41 prevents more as a layer of potato over the lower part of the Funnel bottom 31 to metering roller 49 migrates. As Also already mentioned, the metering roller transfers one row of potatoes at a time from the hopper base 31 to the associated conveyor 9 · The metering roller 49 is also proportional to the driving speed driven by the transplanter, the speed of the roller 49 in such a temporal relationship the running speed of the conveyor 9 indicates that a row of potatoes on the conveyor is just an outlet end has passed the roller 49 when the following row of potatoes is deposited by the roller 49

Before the planting process begins, the operator tilts the associated funnel 7 with the levers 93, to give the funnel bottom 31 such a slope, that on the basis of his experience with the operation of the machine and the coefficient of friction of the tubers or onions to be planted approximately the required delivery speed from the funnel hires »

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As already mentioned, the rear ends of the conveyor 9 and the rear ends of the operator's seat 16 are Planting devices 11 visible. During the planting process can therefore observe the operator at what subsequent speed the potatoes from the funnel 7 are discharged and fed to the ground.

When planting on horizontal ground, the funnels 7 are given a substantially vertical position, ie they are oriented so that the inner side walls of each funnel coincide with the central indicator line 97 of the associated indicator when looking at the indicator from seat 16 . If, however, on the other hand working on a floor that has a transversely directed to the direction of slope, a hopper must be tilted in the opposite 7 in one direction about its tubular support 79 and the other hopper 7 ₀ when the planting machine moves in the opposite direction, must the directions of tilt of the two funnels are reversed. Accordingly, when the machine has arrived at one end of a field, the operator uses the indicators 95 to give an idea of the approximate inclination of the hoppers T

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to get, whereby he then also knows which opposite Slopes are required when the path is being driven back again. For example, the The operator notice that the side wall of the right-hand funnel 7 is roughly in line with it the right indicator line 97 of the associated indicator 95 when the machine is on the rising P part of the field approached In this Palle serves the Operator the lever 93 so that the right Funnel 7 in the opposite direction is given a corresponding position by the inner side wall brings into a position which coincides with the left indicator line 97 "before the planting process is started in the opposite direction.

The hydraulic devices 83, the hoses 91 and the

Slide valves 89 for tilting the funnel 7 can also be operated by mechanical links between the respective He "bein 93 and the associated funnels 7 replaced be. Here, too, the levers 93 are arranged so that they can be operated by a person who is on the machine and has such a sitting position that they clearly monitor the planting devices 11 can.

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In the pig. 3 eats a transplanter according to the invention shown schematically according to a further embodiment. These are controls, which automatically tilt the associated funnel 7 so that the potatoes in a predetermined Be fed to the ground quickly, the machine itself wcmn over a floor with different Slope is running.

In this second embodiment, there are between the rear end of each conveyor 9 and the associated planting device, not shown, a lamp 101 and a photocell 103. Das Light from lamp 101 falls on the photocell in such a way that the light beam from the potatoes is interrupted every time when they fall from the conveyor 9 to the planting device. A periodic break of the light beam generates current impulses in an electrical circuit called the photocell assigned. A counting circuit 105 receives these current pulses.

An electromagnet of a solenoid valve 107 is on the Output of the counting circuit 105 connected. The valve 107 is connected to the hydraulic

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Lischen adjusting device 83 of a funnel 7 and via hoses 111 to the hydraulic system of the Tractor connection.

During the planting process, a series of pulses is generated by means of the photocell 103, the pulse frequency of which reflects the speed at which the ) 'Potatoes are fed to the ground by conveyor 9 The counting circuit 105 counts the number of the Photo » Cell impulses coming within a predetermined period of time. If the number of pulses is from deviates from a previously defined value or is no longer in the solid range of the values the solenoid valve 107 from the circuit 105 output signals with the appropriate sign. The solenoid valve 107 is then operated so that it turns on the hydraulics 83 in such a way that the funnel 7 undergoes a tilt at which the plant flow rate back to the aforementioned value or the previously determined range of values is returned.

The counting circuit 105 can be replaced by a circuit that is derived from the pulses from the photocell circuit further pulses of the same frequency but more constant

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Generated greatness and constant sour. These further pulses can be used to put a capacitor on charge a voltage proportional to the pulse frequency. This also creates a proportionality given to the planting speed of the potatoes by the planting devices 11. You tension can then be applied to the capacitor with an Nbna voltage compare that corresponds to a previously determined planting speed. The through this The control voltage obtained can then be compared Use solenoid 107 actuation.

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Claims (1)

- 18 -patent claims Planting machine for potatoes »onions and the like. with a funnel that stores the supply of potatoes, a planting device and a conveyor that feeds the potatoes to the storage funnel Conveyed planting device, characterized in that the torrent funnel (7) has a bottom (31) inclined in the direction of the conveyor (9) has over which the potatoes can slide sum conveyor (9), the inclination of the Triohterboden (31) relative to the conveyor (9) adjustable and adjustable by an adjusting device (83) so that even when the planter is running The potatoes are fed to the plowing device (11) via a floor with a changing slope remains essentially at a predetermined value. 2. Planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the Xriohter (7) about an axis (79) is pivotable, which extends essentially parallel to the conveyor (9), and that the adjusting device (83) for the inclination of the funnel BAD ORfGiNAL 209822/0680 -, 19 - bottom (31) for tilting the funnel (7) takes care of said axis (79) 3. Planting machine according to claim 1 or 2, daduroh core reward that the adjusting device (93) for the incline of the iriohterbodene (31) manually is operable. 4. Planting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that manually operable handles (93) are provided next to a seat (16) for an operator who is traveling and observing the supply of potatoes. 5. Planting machine according to claim 1 to 4 »gekennaeieb-. net by an indicator (95), on which one can visually determine the angular position of the funnel (7) opposite the Maechinenohaeeis (1) can be seen. 6. Planting machine according to claim 1 bie 5, characterized by a sensor arrangement (101,103) which the placing of the potatoes is monitored and electrical signals proportional to the placing speed generated, in connection with an electrical signal processing circuit (105), which accordingly BAD ORiCaINAL 209822/0680 . - 20 - the difference between the IBt flow speed and target planting speed a control signal for the adjusting device (107) generated to the inclination of the funnel testicle (51) in the sense of a Reduce the difference to change. 7. Planting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor arrangement (101, 10?) Is a generates an electrical signal, the frequency of which corresponds to the Ablegegescspwindlgkeit the potatoes, that the signal processing circuit (105) contains a memory or counter to generate a further signal which is proportional to the number of cycles of the electrical signal within a predetermined time period, and dad in a comparator the further signal with the predetermined Pflanzgeschwindig- ' form signal that embodies it is compared, to generate the control signal. 8 «Planting machine according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a hydraulic arrangement (83) is provided for tilting the Tricbterboden (31), BAD ORIGINAL 209822/0880 9. Planting machine according to Anapruoh 1 to 8, daduroh characterized that the funnel bottom (31) towards the other parts of the funnel (7) back and is moveable to provide an even flow of potatoes across the funnel base (31) support. 10. Planting machine according to Anspruoh 1 to 9 »characterized by a Rüokhaltewalze (41)» which is arranged at such a distance above the Srlohterboden (31) that there is only a single layer of Potatoes between Xrlohterboden (31) and orphan (41) can move to the conveyor (9), the retaining roller (41) being driven in such a way will that they the transport speed of the Potatoes slowed down over the funnel base (31). 11 · Planting machine according to claim 1 to 10, characterized by one between the lower end of the Xriohterboden (31) and the conveyor (9) arranged dosing device (49) · each only one row of potatoes is moved from the hopper bottom (31) to the conveyor (9) after the previous row of potatoes has a predetermined one Has covered the way on the conveyor (9). BATH ORIGINAL 209822/0680 12 · Planting machine according to claim 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that a ground wheel (3) of the machine is connected to the conveyor (9) and the other moving parts (37 * 41 * 49) of the machine to this is proportional to the iahrgeech speed to drive. 13. Planting machine according to Anapruoh 1 bia 12, thereby marked * that it has two storage hoppers (7), each of which has a planting arrangement (11), a conveyor (9) and independently operable adjusting devices (83, 93) are assigned BATH ORIGINAL 209822/0680