DE2122582B2 - Hand-operated rotary percussion drill - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a hand-operated rotary percussion drill according to the preamble of the main claim, as it has become known from US-PS 30 00 225 From this document it is still known to arrange a second detent ring in the housing in a rotationally fixed and axially immovable manner, with a further detent ring is designed so that it lies essentially within the second detent ring To change the number of strokes, different detent rings are brought into engagement with one another

JO It is also from GB-PS 7 19 223 at one Rotary percussion drill constructed differently known, two percussion plates by different To use clutch to achieve different impact frequencies. However, this is not the case to ratchet wreaths in the sense of the generic term of the present invention, but something different Construction principle, of which no use in the rotary percussion drill according to the invention is made.

In contrast to this, conventional rotary percussion drills work with an unchanged number of beats per revolution. That leads to the Use of drills with different diameters to inconveniences. The stroke number is from Impact drill manufacturer matched to a medium-diameter drill. Using a drill of larger diameter, which traverses a larger distance with its circumference, remain between two strokes there are pieces of the rock to be worked, which are under constant Changing the angular position of the impact drill must be broken loose by the user. at Smaller diameter drills can cause the impact points in the rock to be so close to one another that the drill no longer knocks loose bits, but produces fine drill dust that closes out of the borehole remove is. In both cases, the drilling performance is compared to the performance of a drill in which the number of strokes and the drill diameter are related to each other

w) are matched, sensitively reduced.

In addition, the performance of the known impact drills is affected by the fact that the Definition of the size given by the number of strokes per drill revolution and the drill diameter

f> 5 of the rock pieces to be broken loose the hardness or respectively Toughness of the rock is not taken into account.

The invention is based on the object of one of

Hand-operated rotary percussion drill according to the preamble of the main claim, in which the number of impacts per drill revolution can be adapted to the drill diameter and the material to be machined in a way that requires a minimum of design effort, i.e. in particular with a minimum of moving parts, a flapping frequency that can be adapted to the working conditions within wide limits can set different beat frequencies. The third detent ring is expediently arranged on the same axis within the detent ring connected to the housing be arranged axially supportable in at least one position. The further ring of teeth can also be mounted immovably and at the same time rotatable in the direction of the axis of the tool spindle and can be fixed in at least one angular position against rotation.

Details of the invention are given below with reference to some examples shown in the drawing described and explained. It shows

Fi g. 1 the gear part of a drill with a Switching device for the number of strokes and an actuating device for the switching device, im Elevation, cut

2 shows the transmission part of the drilling machine according to FIG. 1 in plan, in the view

F i g. 3 the transmission part of a drilling machine with a switching device for the number of strokes as in FIG. 1 and with another actuating device for the switching device, in elevation, sectioned

4 shows the gear part of the drilling machine according to FIG. 3 in side elevation, sectioned along the line IV-IV the F i g. 3

5 one connected to the housing and one further detent disc of the drill according to the F i g. 1 and 3, seen in the direction V of FIG. I and 3

F i g. 6 the gear part of a drill with another switching device for the number of strokes and Actuating device for the switching device, in elevation, sectioned

7 shows the transmission part of a drilling machine according to FIG. 6 in elevation, in elevation

8 shows the gear part of a drilling machine according to FIG. 6 in side elevation, sectioned along the line VIII-VIII the F i g. 6th

F i g. 9 shows an inner ring body from the drilling machine according to FIGS. 6.7 and 8

10 shows a representation of the per spindle revolution effective locking of the stationary ring body of a drill according to Fig. 6, 7, 8 with the spindle circumferential inner ring body

Fig. 11 shows a representation of the effective notches per spindle revolution of the stationary ring body of a Drill according to Fig.6, 7, 8, when the inner ring body is stopped so that part of its notches is in the same angular position as the catches of the ring body connected to the housing

12 shows a representation of the per spindle revolution effective locking of the stationary ring body of a drill according to Fig.6, 7, 8, when the inner Annular body is stopped so that its notches are gaps in the annular body connected to the housing face to face and vice versa

13 shows the gear part of a drilling machine with a switching device for the number of strokes as in FIG F i g, 6 and another actuator for the

ίο changeover device, in side elevation, cut

14 shows the transmission part of a drilling machine F i g. 13 in plan, in view

Fig. 5 according to the transmission part of a drilling machine F i g. 13 in side elevation, sectioned along the line XV-XV of FIG. 13th

In the following, "workpiece side" is the direction towards the workpiece to be machined, "hand side" denotes the opposite direction.

In the FIG. 1 and 2 partially shown through-hole drilling machine, 1 is a motor housing, 2 an intermediate wall, 3 a gear housing. An insulating sleeve is placed on a motor shaft 4 with intermediate guides 5, a stub shaft 6 is pressed onto the workpiece-side end of which a pinion 7 is cut and which is mounted in the intermediate wall J by means of an annular groove bearing 8. The pinion does not drive via a illustrated countershaft gearwheels 10 and 10, which are rotatably and displaceably guided on a transmission shaft 9 11, which is opposite the gearbox housing by washers 10 'and 11' are set in the longitudinal direction

A toothing 12 is cut into the gear shaft in the region of its workpiece-side end, which in a gear 13 engages, which is arranged on a tool spindle 14 in a rotationally fixed and immovable manner. the The gear shaft 9 is on the workpiece side with a plain bearing 15 in the gear housing 3 and on the hand side with it a sliding bearing 16 in the partition 2 rotatably and longitudinally displaceably guided.

In the bores of the gears 10 and i 1, rnj. where these are guided on the gear shaft, a number of axially parallel grooves 17 are incorporated. In a transverse bore 18 of the transmission shaft 9, two steel balls 19 are arranged, which are pressed apart by a compression spring 20. The Kugefn IiJ can engage in a pair of opposing grooves 17 of one of the gears 10, 11. In the area of its hand-side end, the transmission shaft 9 has an annular groove 21 in which a switching element (not shown) engages. By means of this switching element, the gear shaft can be operated on the hand

ίο or shifted on the workpiece side (as shown in Fig. 1) be, the balls either engage in the gear 10 or in the gear K and this rotatably Connect with the gear shaft 0. As a result of this switching, which is known per se, the tool spindle 14 be driven at two different speeds.

The tool spindle is at its hand-side end with a plain bearing bush 22 in the partition 2 and in the area of your workpiece-side end with a sliding bearing 23 in a sleeve 24 and rotatable guided displaceably, which is firmly inserted in the transmission housing 3. The plain bearing bush 22 is in the Partition 2 arranged to be longitudinally displaceable. Sis leans on the hand side on one with rounded corners provided square 25, which is arranged eccentrically on a pin 26 and with this pluck in the Partition 2 is rotatably mounted. The pin 26 and with it the square 25 can through an outside

The switch handle 27 attached to the drill can be rotated into two end positions. The shift handle 27 also acts on the shift element which moves the transmission shaft 9. On the workpiece side, the bearing bush 22 is supported via a thrust bearing 28 and a coil spring 30 which surrounds a section 29 of larger diameter of the tool spindle and acts as a compression spring against the gear 13 which is firmly seated on the tool spindle. In the drawing, the square 25 is shown so that it the bearing bush 22 opposes a support surface displaced on the hand side. If the switch handle 27 and with it the square 25 is rotated 180 degrees, the square moves the bearing bush 22 on the workpiece side. The bearing bush 22 presses via the thrust bearing 28 against a shoulder 29 'of the spindle section 29 and moves the tool spindle 14 on the workpiece side so far that / between the workpiece-side face of the gear 13 and the handsciiigcr, face of the bush 24 only an axial play required for rotary drilling remains .

A ratchet ring 31 is formed on the hand-side end face of the gear wheel 13. This is what the workpiece-side end faces of two ring bodies 32 and 33 opposite, of which the ring body 32 in the The transmission housing 3 is firmly cast in, while the ring body 33 is coaxial within the ring body 32 arranged and is guided by means of a neck 34 in this rotatable and longitudinally displaceable. On the neck 34 of the inner ring body 33 is a helical spring 35 acting as a compression spring. She supports herself on the workpiece side against the outer ring body 32. On the hand side against a snap ring 36, which is in a Outer groove of the neck 34 of the inner ring body 33 is used. The helical spring 35 seeks the inner one To move ring body 33 on the hand side. It keeps its hand-side end face in contact with a workpiece-side End face of the outer ring body 32. The end faces of the two ring bodies are as . Front curves 37,38 formed.

An axially parallel longitudinal slot 39 is formed in the neck 34 of the inner ring body 33. In the slot 39 engages with a guide pin 40 'an annular body 40 made of plastic, which is in the Gear housing is rotatably mounted. On its hand-side end face, the ring body 40 has a Bevel toothing 41, in which a bevel toothing 42 of a shift handle 43 engages in the gear housing is rotatably mounted and can be actuated from the outside of the gear housing.

The workpiece-side end face of the outer ring body 32 carries a detent ring 44, the workpiece-side end face of the inner ring body a detent ring 45. A rotary movement of the switch handle 43 causes the ring body 40 to rotate via the conical teeth 42 and 41 , and via the guide pin 40 'and the slot 39 a rotation of the inner ring body 33. By the action of the end curves 37 , 38 the inner ring body 33 is shifted so far on the workpiece side that its notched ring 45 reaches the plane of the notched ring 44 of the outer ring body 32

The drill described works as follows: When the motor is switched on, the motor shaft 4 drives the tool spindle 14 via the pinion 7, the gear shaft 9 and the gears 12 and 13 If so, the tool spindle 14 is shifted into its workpiece-side end position via the bearing bush 22, the thrust bearing 28 and the shoulders 29 'of the spindle section 29. The working pressure occurring during drilling is transmitted through the thrust bearing 28, the bearing bush 22, the square 25 and the pin 26 to the partition 2 and thus the housing. If the switch handle 27 is rotated so that it keeps the square 25 rotated in its hand-side end position, as in FIG. I illustrated, the tool spindle 14 is still in its position via the bearing bush 22, the thrust bearing 28 and the spring 30

to end position on the workpiece side; but in this position it can give way to a drilling pressure on the hand side retreat, whereby the notches of the ring 31 of the gear 13 attached to the tool spindle with the detent ring 44 of the outer ring body 32 in

Ii intervention come. This arises in a known manner the effect of piercing.

Is the switch handle 43 rotated so that it is the inner Ring body 33 holds in its hand-side end position, so

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ken of the detent ring 31 with the detent ring 44 of the outer ring body 32. However, the switch handle 43 is so rotated so that it holds the inner ring body 33 in its workpiece-side end position, it also acts fixed ratchet ring 44 of the outer ring body

2'i also the stationary detent ring 45 of the inner ring body on the detent ring 3t rotating with the tool spindle. Are, as in Fig. 5 shown, the notch of the ring 45 present in the same number as the notches of the ring 44, but by half

arranged twisted in notch pitch, so learns at inner ring body 33 advanced on the workpiece side, the tool spindle twice as many strokes as in inner ring body withdrawn on the hand side.

It is also possible to use the appropriate shape

J-) exercise of the end curves 37, 38 the inner ring body 33 on the workpiece side in front of the outer ring body 32 and axially supported in this position to train. Then the inner ring body gets a different number of notches than the outer ring body, for Example half, so by moving the inner ring body three different punch numbers each Rotation of the tool spindle can be set.

In Fig. 2, the shown in Fig. 1 part of a drilling machine is in. Floor plan shown, with the switching

4 ', handle 27 with two positions each »Rotary drilling with smaller Speed "and" high-speed rotary drilling ", as well as" low-speed rotary percussion drilling "and "Rotary percussion drilling at high speed", the switch handle 43 with two positions "Slow rotary percussion drilling

> o ren «, suitable for a drill diameter of 10 mm. and "Rapid rotary percussion drilling", suitable for a drill diameter of 16 mm, can be seen. By a line 27 'drawn through the pivot point of the switch handle 27 are the switch ranges "rotary drilling" and "Rotary percussion drilling" delimited from one another.

In the F i g. 3 and 4 shows a drill in which rotary drilling, rotary percussion drilling with a low and rotary percussion drilling with a high percussion rate can be set as in the drill according to FIG. 1. The only difference is the actuation device for switching between the various possible percussion rates per revolution. The neck 134 of the inner annular body 133 carries at its hand-side end of a ring gear 146, a transversely disposed in the in the transmission case to the direction of Werkzeugspindei and iängsverschiebiich guided rack engages with a toothing 147 148th One in a bore 149 of the gear housing 103

Latching ball 151 under the pressure of a spring 150 can snap into one of two grooves formed in the toothed rack 147 and thus secure the two possible switching positions of the inner ring body 133 . With this actuating device for switching the hammer mechanism, a third switching position for the inner ring body 133 , which is advanced on the workpiece side, can also be implemented.

In uen Fig.6 to 15 are two arrangements shown, in which the switching of the number of strokes is achieved in that the inner ring body with its ring of notches is axially immovable, but rotatably mounted and arbitrarily running with the on the tool spindle attached rotatable detent ring can be prevented. IS

In the case of the FIGS. The drill shown in FIGS. 6, 7, 8 and 9 is designed as follows: The outer ring body 232 is cast in the gear housing 203. The inner ring body 233 is guided against displacement on the hand side by means of a shoulder 233 ', against displacement on the workpiece side by means of a snap ring 233 " on the outer ring body. In the neck 234 of the inner ring body, as shown in FIG. 9, a bore 234' is formed, which continues in a Langloeli 234 " . A bushing 252 is inserted into the gear housing 203, in which a bolt 254 provided with a handle 253 is guided displaceably and rotatably. A locking piece 255 is screwed onto the threaded end of the bolt facing away from the handle. The locking piece has the shape of a cylinder with two side flats facing each other. A compression spring arranged in the bushing 252 presses the bolt 254 with the locking piece 255 in the direction of the interior of the gear housing. A pin 256 is inserted into the handle 253 parallel to the bolt 254 , so that one shallow and two deep holes are opposite each other in the socket 252, each of which is rotated by 90 OrH relative to one another.

The bolt and with it the locking piece 255 can thus assume three positions; a pulled-out position in which the locking piece releases the inner ring body, which can then rotate with the movable detent ring of the tool spindle; a position in which the locking piece has its largest arrangement parallel to the axis of the tool spindle and can accordingly snap into the bore 234 'of the neck of the inner ring body; and finally a position in which the locking piece has its greatest extent transverse to the axis of the tool spindle and therefore fits into the elongated hole 234 " ; the locking piece 255 also in this position of the switch handle 253 probably first engages in the bore 234 ', the inner ring body however, it is carried along by the tool spindle and rotates relative to the housing until the locking piece fills the elongated hole 234 ″ .

In the second position, in which the inner ring body is held in the bore 234 ' , some of the notches of the inner ring body are in the same angular position as the notches of the outer ring body: in the third position, in which the inner ring body is in the elongated hole 234 "is held, the notches of the inner ring body face gaps in the outer ring body and vice versa. The number of effective notches can be seen in the example described in FIGS inner ring body eight strokes per revolution, in the case of FIG. II sixteen strokes per revolution and in the case of FIG. 12 twenty-four strokes per revolution are exerted on the tool spindle.

In Figs. 13, 14 and 15 one is basically the same arrangement is shown in which only the retaining device for the circumferential inner The ring body is designed as a rotary handle, which when turned 90 degrees on a front curve so far raises that he pulls a locking piece from einet transverse bore of the neck of the inner ring body.

In the arrangements according to FIGS. 6 to 16 can also two coaxially nested inner ring bodies can be arranged, creating more punch numbers be switchable per revolution for the tool spindle.

It is also possible for the outer ring body to be rotatable in the housing in a manner known per se store, and switch between different numbers of strokes per revolution with a switch on and To connect switching off the hammer mechanism that also the outer ring body in its rotation is set up detectable.

In addition 8 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Claims; 1. Hand-operated rotary percussion drill with an in particular electric drive motor built into the machine housing, an axially displaceable tool spindle on which a first detent ring is arranged in a rotationally fixed and axially immovable manner, into which a second detent ring can be inserted in a rotationally fixed and axially immovable manner with respect to the housing, and with a third ratchet ring which is also non-rotatably and axially immovable with respect to the housing, the transmitted impact frequency being variable by coupling the ratchet rims, characterized in that the third ratchet ring (45; 145; 245; 345) additionally individually or together with the second ratchet ring (44; 144; 244; 344 ) can be coupled to the first detent ring (31 ; 131 ; 231: 331). 2. Drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the second detent ring (44) in the housing is arranged non-rotatably and axially immovable 3. Drill according to claim 2, characterized in that the third detent ring (45) is arranged coaxially essentially within the second notched ring (44) 4. Drill according to claim 3, characterized in that the third detent ring (45) guided non-rotatably in relation to the housing, in the direction of the axis of the tool spindle (14) is arranged displaceably and axially supportable in at least one position. 5. Drill according to claim 4, characterized in that the drii ϊ detent ring (45) retractable on the hand side behind the second notched ring (44) and in front of the plane of the second Detent ring (44) is arranged so that it can be supported axially 6. Drill according to claim 4, characterized in that the third detent ring (45) on the hand side behind the second notched ring (44) and in the plane of the second Detent ring (44) is arranged axially supportable. 7. Drill according to claim 4, characterized in that the third detent ring (45) on the hand side behind the second notched ring (44) and both in the plane of the second Notched ring (44) as well as on the workpiece side can be axially supported in front of the second notched ring (44) is trained. 8. Drilling machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the third detent ring (45) has the same number of notches as the second notched ring (44). 9. Drilling machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the third Rasl.enkranz (45) has a number of notches different from that of the second notch ring (44) 10. Drilling machine according to claim I, characterized in that the third detent ring (245, 345) is arranged essentially identical within the second detent ring (244, 344) , immovable in the direction of the axis of the tool spindle (214,314) and at the same time rotatably mounted and in at least an angular position can be fixed against rotation. 11. Drilling machine according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that the third ratchet ring (245, 345) can be fixed in two angular positions against rotation, in one of these angular positions at least part of the notches of the third notched ring (245, 345 ) can be brought into the same angular position with notches of the second notched ring (244, 344) IZ drilling machine according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the third notch rim (245, 345) has a number of notches which is the same as that of the second notch collar (244, 344) 13. Drilling machine according to claim 10 or U, characterized in that the third detent ring (245, 345) has a number of detents different from that of the second detent ring (244,344)