DE2063251A1 - Device for classifying objects - Google Patents

Description

Device for classifying objects

The invention relates to a device for classifying Assignment and / or classification of objects, with the particular on stickers, brands and the like, in the following uniformly referred to as "labels", classification patterns that are applied and can be read by the device or coding characters are associated with the objects, and in which the pattern or the coding during transport the objects are read and the signals obtained from the reading process for the classification or assignment of the Items to be used at certain stations.

In civil aviation, the luggage of passengers is before they go on board, packed in certain layers and stowage arrangements in the luggage compartment of the aircraft in such a way that good equilibrium boys are born must be adhered to during the flight. On arrival, at the destination airport, what is included will be transported Luggage in turn is given to the passengers. Since the ver—

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If different pieces of luggage of the passengers are often assigned to different destinations or airports, but are picked up at an information point at an airport, it is necessary to classify or assign these pieces of luggage according to the flight eye (s) being transported = it has already been proposed to add one to each piece of luggage to apply a specific label provided with a special allocation marking and to have it read automatically for the classification of the luggage according to the destination or the transporting aircraft. The application of such labels by hand, however, not only requires manpower and expenditure of time, but also gives rise to incorrect assignment of the items of luggage and / or the labels. Similar relationships exist with air freight services, for example with certain air freight that is picked up at an airport and is to be assigned as intended.

There is therefore a need for an automatically operating device by means of which suitable classification markings can be found can be applied to the labels and through which these labels tük-ke on the individual baggage or freight are applicable.

Similar requirements and needs also apply to the Assignment and classification of items in others Areas of the transport industry or when packing Products in manufacturing plants and the like.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for allocation or classification of a variety of items too create that works automatically and error-free and, for example, for the handling of freight or baggage of air passengers is suitable according to the assigned destinations. With such a device it is still a goal the labels to be applied immediately at or before the Application and with one of the respective counterpart

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was due to the assignment pattern or a corresponding one To provide coding.

A device according to the invention for assignment or classification of objects in which certain classification patterns are applied to labels and can be read by the device or coding characters are associated with the objects and in which the objects according to a are classified by the pattern or the coding signal sequence generated is characterized by a device for feeding unlabelled labels to a facility for generating and applying the classification pattern or coding to the unlabeled labels corresponding to certain classification signals, a first transport route, a device. for applying the individualized Labels on the objects in the area of the transport route, a second transport route that determines the labeled objects from the first transport path takes over, a plurality of gates in the area of the second transport route, a facility to do the coding reading the labels and generating a gate control signal while the objects pass through the second transport path, and by a device for selective actuation of the gates for classification or assignment of the objects according to the applied classification pattern or «, the applied Coding.

The empty labels can be fed in as a continuous strip or as individual pieces of certain dimensions. These Labels can be made of paper or magnetic tape, and the classification patterns can be printed letters, numbers etc. on paper or as a magnetic storage device. be applied to the magnetic tape.

With the device according to the invention, a quick and precise assignment of many objects, such as freight _f or pieces of baggage for flight passengers, can be made according to their loading

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Achieve mood varieties.

The invention and advantageous details are set out below explained in exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. It shows:

Fig « \ the schematic representation, partly in block diagram arrangement _? an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 shows the enlarged view of a De ~ tails of the area circled in FIG. 1 and designated by X;

Fig . 3_ the enlarged detailed view of the area Y surrounded by a dashed rectangle in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of an object classified by the device shown in FIG. 3, which is transported by a conveyor;

5 shows the block diagram of a read-out device according to FIG. 3 for the classification or coding pattern; . -

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of that shown in FIG Labels - Applicator; .

Fig. 7 in detail the internal structure - partially broken away Representation - the device shown in Fig. 6 Vorrieh;

8 shows a section of the label application device 6, seen in the direction of the arrows on the line VIII-VIII in

Fig. 9 is a plan view of a label which has been provided with a clanification pattern by the device in Fig. 7;

FIG. 10 shows a time sequence diagram to explain the operational sequences in the individual parts of the device shown in FIG. 7 and FIG

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Fi g. 11 shows the side view - partially in section - of a modified embodiment of the feed device for the empty labels.

Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates a preferred embodiment of the baggage or freight assignment s device (in the following only "baggage" or "piece of baggage" is spoken of), which is operated by a baggage reception switch A, for example at an airport, a baggage allocation or classification station B, a first transport route, which connects the receptacle A and the station B with each other and formed by parallel belt conveyors la, Ib, Ic and Id is, and has a second conveyor line that is also is formed from belt conveyors 2a, 2b and 2c and conical roller conveyors in the area of the deflections 2d. The labeling device 3 is positioned along one side of each conveyor of the first conveyor line for items of baggage bt conveyed therethrough to be provided with labels. Baggage items arriving at the receiving station A are placed on the conveyor la bis I'd put it on. At the same time, these pieces of luggage are labeled on the labeling devices, and those so marked Luggage items are then taken over by the second conveyor line 2. The luggage is accepted at one Table 5 of the reception desk, and the data relating to the pieces of luggage received are transferred to an electronic Computer 4 entered via a buffer memory 4a on a keyboard, which will be explained in more detail later. The data or information are recorded on corresponding cathode ray tubes 6 displayed.

A plurality of baggage classification conveyors or tracks 7a to 7j are provided in the area of the baggage allocation station B, which are arranged transversely to the conveyor 2c on opposite sides. As will be explained in more detail later, is in each area X one by one of a classification E monitoring 8 supplied signal optionally controllable gate provided with the electronic computer 4 via a

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further buffer memory 4b is connected. How also continue to be explained in detail below is close by of the conveyor 2c, a code reading device 9 is arranged at the end closer to the classification station B, that reads the allocation pattern or the coding on the labels attached to the luggage. The den read classification signals of the labels corresponding Signals are on when the baggage is passing the front side of the read-out device 9 is fed to the classification monitor 8, the classification signals 10 be generated. These signals become your corresponding gate X fed to the individual goals in accordance with the read out signals in order to transport the pieces of luggage on the selected routes 7a to 7j, which can be either belt conveyors or corresponding chutes.

The details of section X are shown in FIG. 2, in which a gate II ^{1 is arranged in} front of the corresponding classification section 7f that has been selected.

The relative position of the labeling station 3 in relation to the first conveyor line, for example the belt conveyor la, is shown in fig. Therein reference numeral 12 designates a form the track for labels and 13 a vacuum suction device, which sucks in and holds labels with classification patterns. A baggage item 14 reaches via the conveyor la a point opposite the vacuum suction device in the direction of an arrow 13, the head of this device is advanced towards the conveyor la to get the label it is holding to be applied to the item of luggage 14.

The details of an embodiment for the labeling device are shown in FIGS. 7 to IO. A continuous web of paper suitable for labeling purposes 16 runs from a roll 17 over feed rolls 18a, 18b ...

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from which to a group P in front of a cutting device 19 and combined into a further group Q after the cutting device 19 are «details will be explained later. Along the feed path of the label paper is still a printing station 20, a read-out station 21 and a label application station 22 arranged in the order mentioned. In the printing station 20 (see Pig. 9) is a label

23 with a time switch or clock marking 23a, a baggage allocation marking 23b, numbers or digits 23c, scanning markings 23d for determining the position and direction of the label and a parity check mark 23e. The purpose of each mark and digit or Numbers is also explained below. As shown in Fig. 7, a pair of plate-like print hammers 24 are parallel to the transverse direction of the label paper 16 arranged around bar-like clock marks 23a, classification marks 23b, respectively to print coded numbers etc. After those pressure hammers

24 a type wheel 26 arranged on a shaft 26a is provided, the type 25 has the digits or numbers 23c corresponding to FIG. 9 on the circumferential surface that the Facing label paper 16. The type wheel 26 is controlled by the assignment or classification signals so that at a certain number that corresponds to a given classification signal corresponds to the lowest position on the type wheel. The numbers 1, 2, 4 and 8 at the bottom the code markings 27 (see Fig. 9) leave the corresponding assignments between decimal and binary representation of the Recognize classification mark 23b and the digits or numbers 23c. However, these digits 1, 2, 4 and 8 do not actually need them to be printed.

Immediately below the print hammers 24, an ink ribbon 28 is provided, and a rubber damper 29 is on the in the feed path opposite side of the paper 16 arranged. the Print hammers 24 are normally operated by springs 30 held back. If a magnet 33 is excited in accordance with an output signal from the buffer memory 4a, in excess of

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Coordination with a print command signal of the corresponding Classification signals, so will the heads of the print hammer Optionally, via the lever or levers 34, the clock mark 23a, the classification mark 23b, etc. to print on the paper 16. The marking 23d for determining the direction of inclination of the label 23 and the test marking 23e are imprinted by the print hammer 24 in the same way.

An ink ribbon 35 is also arranged under the printing wheel 26, 'and a print hammer 36 is on the opposite one Side, so that the associated head 36a faces the ribbon 3 5. The print hammer 36 is fixed over a Axis 37 articulated at an intermediate point. At one end of the hammer is a head 36a including a rubber bumper and a cam 38 acts on the opposite end. Is the cam 38 by a pressure signal once rotated, the print hammer 36 is pivoted clockwise, as indicated by the arrow a_, to to strike a type 25 on the type wheel 26 via the ribbon 35 and the numbers 23c (FIG. 9) to the labeling paper 16 to press.

The clock marks 23a on the label 23 are used for clock-P control of an electrical circuit, not shown of the pattern reading devices 9 used, the code markings (Classification marks) 23b each one order of magnitude of one decimal place by four marks reproduce, i.e. by means of a corresponding binary lock. The markings 23d are used to scan the direction of inclination of the label 23 or the individual marks 23a, 23b .... »» used to enable correct reading. The test marks 23e, on the other hand, are used to make the number of marks, for example even-numbered, i.e. on- or to round it off. The read-out part 21 for checking the imprints is a photoelectric converter with a photoelectric one Element 40 and an electric lamp 39 connected to

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opposite sides of the feed path of the labeling paper 16 on «This means that there are deviations in the output signals of the photoelectric converter identified by the clock marks 23a, code marks 23b, etc. Paper are printed in the printing station 20, with the Pressure control signal compared, and as far as this coincidence is determined, the printed label 23 is released for further advance. If there is no coincidence, then lights up an error indicator lamp 43 lights up and indicates incorrect printing, thereby preventing, as will be explained later is that the label applicator 22 in Function occurs. If an error is indicated by the lamp 43, the operator can, for example, still do this on the vacuum head 13 remove standing label-

The application device for the labels 22 has a vacuum suction head 13 with a. Suction part 44, which is arranged immediately adjacent to the feed path of the labels 23 and has a plurality of holes 44a as vacuum suction ports. Furthermore, a drive device 46 is provided to move the vacuum head 13 against the conveyor via guide rails 45 la to advance on which the pieces of luggage 14 are placed. A device for applying an adhesive 47 has rollers through which the adhesive is applied to the label 23 as it passes through the vacuum head 13 is held. As FIG. 8 further shows, the vacuum head 13 is connected to a vacuum pump via a flexible tube 48 49 connected, and through an electromagnetic valve 50 the operation of the vacuum head 13 is controlled.

The drive device 46 for the vacuum head 13 has an arm 55, one end of which is hinged to a base 53, and the other end is connected to the vacuum head 13 via a pin which engages in a slotted hole. One on cam roller 54 attached to an intermediate point of arm 55 cooperates with a rotating cam disk 56 to

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to move the vacuum head Ii along the guide rails 46. As the drawing shows, the arm 55 is pretensioned in the direction of the arrow 58 by a tension spring 57.

As can be seen from FIGS. 7 and 8, the vacuum head is 13 arranged so that the label sucking part 44 faces the label 23 through a window 3a and, as through an arrow 59 indicated, advanced against an item of luggage 14 on the conveyor la during one revolution of the cam disk 56 and is withdrawn again into the starting position.

A guide part 60 is arranged under the vacuum head 13, which is provided with a groove 60a for guiding the labels 23, which are fed into the area via feed rollers 18a to 18d the front surface of the vacuum head 13 can be brought.

never rolls 47 for applying the adhesive are through a suitable device, not shown, reciprocated along the suction member 44 to apply the adhesive to the surface to apply the label while this from the suction part 44 is held. The adhesive itself is supplied to the roll 47 from a store 63 via a plurality of rolls 64 fed. The drive mechanism (not shown) for the roller 47 can be the drive device 46 for the vacuum head 13 correspond.

Adjacent to the feed rollers 18d is an additional guide roller 65 is provided, which the label 23, which is fed by the feed rollers 18d, in the region of the suction part 44 leads. The guide roller 65 is held by an arm 66 which is actuated by a rotating solenoid 6 7 which rotates counterclockwise, as indicated by the arrow 6 8, revolves, t ^ - to clear its path,

Via an input keyboard 69 (FIG. 7), the respective Signals corresponding to markings or digits are generated which correspond to the markings on the labels 23. These signals become the buffer memory 4a and then the electrical

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or electronic computer 4, if desired. Furthermore, there is a button 70 for triggering the printing process, a reset button 71 and a label paper feed button 72 provided. A plurality of monitoring lamps light up in accordance with the ones applied to the associated labels Markings on, and control indicator tubes are provided on which the printed digits or Numbers are reproduced.

As Fig. 7 further shows, a switch 75 is provided for the conveyor, which is through the leading edge of an item of luggage 14 is actuated when this is transported a predetermined distance and into a certain position in front of the vacuum— head 13 is moved to briefly stop the conveyor la. A lamp 75 indicates that the device is ready for printing. This lamp lights up when the switch 75 is actuated.

The following will now be described in detail with reference to the The timing diagram of FIG. 10 describes how the labels are applied to the items of luggage.

If a piece of luggage 14 is parked at the counter A, the operator operates an input panel 69 to display the destination number to encode, i.e. to enter the classification data for the item of luggage in the buffer memory 4 (see Fig. 10, reference number 103). Then the piece of luggage 14 is on the running Conveyor la placed in order to transport it in front of the labeling application device 3 (FIG. 1O, reference number 101). When the item of luggage reaches the vacuum head 13, its leading edge actuates the switch 75 (Fig. 10, Bz.102) and brings the conveyor la to a halt. This means that the item of luggage is in the intended position. Now lights up the lamp 76 (Fig. 7), which provides the print-ready display and at the same time marks the stopping of the tape (Fig. 10, Bz. 104). As a result of this display, the operator presses

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Now end the release button 70 (Fig. 10, Bz. 105,) to simultaneously to put the various feed rollers 18a to 18d into operation, which feed the labeling paper at a constant speed 16, the front end of which rests against the cutting device 19 (Fig. 10, Bz. 106). If the paper web has been advanced by a predetermined amount, the operator gives the pressure signal via the switch 70 (start button) to intermittently energize the magnet 33 which controls the print hammer 24 operated to print the clock mark 23a. Furthermore, a further magnet 33 is used for actuation at the same time another hammer 24 for printing the coding mark 23b is actuated in synchronism with the printing operation for the clock mark 23a so as to save the one stored in the buffer memory 4a Apply baggage classification data. With this, clock markings and coding markings are placed on the Label applied together with the markings 23d and 23e (Fig. 10, Bz. 108, 109). When the section of the with the coding marking 23b printed under the type wheel 26, the wheel is turned to the type 25 according to the printed code mark 23b in the lowest position, while at the same time the hammer 36 is moved upwards by rotating the cam disk 3 8, by the number corresponding to the type in the lowest position to be printed under the code markings 23b (Fig. 10, Bz. 110). In this way the label becomes consecutive printed with markings 23a, 23b, 23d, 23e and the digit or number 23c while it simultaneously advances until the printed Surface reaches the readout section 21 for checking the print, where the printed code mark is read and is converted into an electrical signal that is compared with the previously stored input signal, in order to check sequentially whether the printed code marking is correct or not (Fig. 10, Bz. 111).

In the printing station 20, when all the markings 23a, 23b etc. and digits or numbers 23c are recorded on the paper 16

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are printed, the cutting device 19 is actuated (FIG. 10, Bz. 112) in order to separate a printed label from the paper web 16. The separated label is advanced further over the rotating feed rollers 18d (FIG. 10, Bz. 107). Against it the rollers 18a, 18b and 18c are stopped and rotate only at the same time as the cutting device is actuated 19 (Fig. 10, Bz. 106), so that the advance of the paper web 16 is interrupted in a suitable cycle.

The label 23 then advances further through the rotating feed rollers 18d, the printed markings being checked (FIG. 10, Bz. 107). The label then arrives with its leading end under the guidance of the guide roller 65 and the grooves 60a of the guide part 60 in front of the vacuum head. The label advances even further until all the imprints have been checked for correctness. If it turns out that the imprint is correct, the label is exactly in front of the vacuum head (Fig. 10, Bz. 113). The electromagnetic valve 50 then opens and connects the vacuum head to the vacuum pump 49 so that the label 23 is sucked in (Fig. 10, Bz. 114). Then the rotary solenoid 67 is energized to move the guide roller 65 away from the front of the vacuum head (Fig. 10, Bz. 116). At the same time, the adhesive application roller 47, which is provided with the adhesive, advances over the roller 64, so that the adhesive is applied to the back of the label 23. The roller 47 then returns to the starting position (FIG. 10, Bz. 115). Then, the drive device 46 for the vacuum head 13 is actuated so that the head advances while the label is pressed against the side surface of the luggage. After the label has been applied to the side surface of the item of luggage in this way, the electromagnetic valve 50 is closed and releases the label, and the vacuum head returns to its starting position (FIG. 10, Bz. 117).

Then the reset button 71 is operated to interrupt the signal from the conveyor switch 75, so that the conveyor la

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starts up again and the labeled bag to the conveyor 2a transported the second conveyor line. The item of luggage 14 then arrives via one of the conveyors 2a, 2d, 2b, 2d or 2c to section Y, as in Fig. I shown.

Section Y is shown in greater detail in FIG. As can be seen, there is a position alignment device provided, the alignment rollers 78 and an alignment belt 79 comprises. The rollers 78 are with respect to the Slightly inclined transverse or width direction of the transport path, and the plane connecting the surfaces of these rollers is level with the surface of the belt 2c. Accordingly, these rollers convey the item of luggage 14 along its feed path with a slightly inclined longitudinal axis direction in relation to the feed path. The coding pattern readout device 9 is on the right side of the tape arranged so that the item of luggage with the applied label 23 is directed against the reading device 9. The relationship between the bag 14, the tag 23 and the conveyor 2c during transport is illustrated by a perspective view in FIG. How schematic As shown in Fig. 3, the reading device 9 comprises two reading units and one the front end of the luggage scanning device. A first reading unit 80 has a lamp 80a for illuminating the label 23, an objective lens 81a for receiving the light reflected from the label and a photoelectric conversion element 82a, and the second reading unit 81 contains similar elements 80b, 81b and 82b. The unit for scanning the front end 83 comprises a light source 83a and a light receiving element 83b.

When the item of luggage arrives in the position shown in FIG. 3, the device causes the front end to be scanned 83 resetting the electrical circuits of the first and second reading units 80 and 81 in order to read them of label 23 to prepare. The label 23 then arrives in front of the first reading unit 80, where the corresponding marking

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Rungs 23d, 23a, 23b, etc. of the label 23 successively to be read. This changes the light changes emanating from these markings into voltage changes converted by means of the photoelectric converter element, ■ and the voltage obtained is amplified via an amplifier. The first amplified signal corresponds to the marker 23d for inclination scanning, which simultaneously requires the presence of the clock mark and the code mark, and this signal is used to control or determine the timing of the signals are used which correspond to the marks 23a, 23b, etc., which are subsequently read out. These signals are sequentially supplied to and stored in a register 84a shown in FIG.

The label 23 that was read by the first reading unit 80 is then read by the second reading unit 81 in the same way Way, as described above, read, and the read out Signals are stored for a certain time in a second register 84b (FIG. 5), and those in the first and second Data stored in registers 84a and 84b are compared by a comparator 85.

If the two data coincide, the signal is received 86 from the comparator 85 to a decoder 87, by means of which decimal data are converted into binary display data. »

In Fig. 5, the photoelectric conversion element is the amplifier for the output signal, the photoelectric conversion element and the detector for indicating the direction of inclination of the Labels contained in the first unit 80 and with the reference numerals 8Od, 80e and 80f, respectively, and the corresponding elements of the second reading unit 81 are identified by the reference symbols 8ld, 81e and 81f, respectively. The photoelectric conversion element, the amplifier for the output signal of this element and the reading time control device of the device for scanning the front end according to FIG. 3 are denoted by the reference numerals 87a, 87b and 87c, respectively.

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The signal from the decoder 87 is used by the baggage classification controller 8, and the output signals 89a, 89b ... are applied to the corresponding gates of the baggage classification lines 7a ,, 7b ... supplied. In this way, the pieces of luggage automatically get on the correct routes 7a to 7j, each according to the assigned classification marks, i.e. "the code marks.

Although a single reading unit is sufficient, ^J allows use of two such units, as used in this embodiment, a double check, so that 'even small changes of the label are accurately detectable. In the embodiment described so far, the paper 16 for the labels was also cut into the individual labels after printing, but printing can also only take place after the individual labels have been cut. Instead of the two 'conveyor lines provided, a single continuous conveyor line can also be provided.

The label paper does not necessarily have to be a long sheet. As can be seen in FIG. 11, a plurality of blank labels stacked in a magazine 90 91 can be, for example, so that in each case the uppermost blank label in w reaches the initial movement by means of a feed roller 92nd In this case, the uppermost empty label is always held at the same level as the feed path by means of springs 93 or equivalent means. In this modified embodiment, the use of a cutting device 19 is unnecessary. Instead of paper, the labels can also consist of magnetic tape to which the code markings are applied magnetically. In this case, of course, magnetic heads are used to write and read the markings on the label.

Instead of applying an adhesive for fastening the objects to be classified, a suitable

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be applied that when in contact with a special Liquid enables the corresponding adhesive contact. In this case, the liquid is used to apply the label applied to the back by means of a roller, or it Alternatively, the surface of the label can also be provided with an adhesive, and this adhesive can be covered with a film which is removed prior to the application of the label to the object.

Instead of using straight line markings as classification patterns, it goes without saying that others can also be used Markings, for example dots, letters or other suitable symbols, are used as long as these stand out allow the readout device to be clearly identified.

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Claims (6)

Claims "I,) device for the assignment or classification of objects, with the specific classification applied to labels or marks and to be read by the device pattern or coding characters are associated with the objects and in which the objects are accordingly a signal sequence generated by the pattern or the coding are classified by a device for feeding un ~ labeled labels (16, 91), a device for generating and applying the individual classification patterns or the coding on the blank labels according to certain classification signals, a first Transport route (la, Id), a device for application the individualized labels on the objects in the area of the transport route, a second transport Tr ecke (2), which takes over the specifically labeled objects from the first transport route, a plurality of gates in the area of the second transport route, o a device to read the coding of the tags and generate a gate control signal while the items are being handled run through the second transport route, and by a device for selective actuation of the Goals for classification or assignment of objects according to the applied code, 2.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the labels that have not yet been labeled can be fed in as an endless belt and a cutting device is provided, which the individual labels in a certain length or * width separates from the endless belt that the classification— or coding pattern can either already be applied to the endless belt or to the separated individual labels are. BAD ORiGfNAL 109826/121 D 3.) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means for generating coding a unit for coding decimal digits or numbers in a binary pattern, a device for printing of decimal digits or numbers according to the Binary pattern on the blank labels and a facility for generating equally spaced clock patterns to determine the reading clock. 4.) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a vacuum suction head in the device for applying the labels to the objects, a label guide s device for determining the position of the labels with respect to the suction head, a device for the vertical relative displacement of the suction head with respect to the first transport path, with the suction head moved close to this at a certain position of the object, and having means for applying an adhesive to the labels in the determined position. 5.) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed device for the labels has a stack of blank labels, each cut to specific dimensions, and that from Intermittently stack an empty label of the device can be fed to apply the classification marking. 6.) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the first transport path has a plurality of parallel conveyors, each of which a device for feeding blank labels, a device for applying the individualized ones Classification marking and a device for applying the classified labels to the from the respective. ligen conveyor is assigned to items carried. BATH ORIGINAL 109826/1210