DE20320375U1 - Reflector for secondary illumination system with structured surface having projections and/or recesses arranged concentric or concave to one another - Google Patents

Abstract

The reflector (1) has a number of different non-overlapping reflector regions (3), at least some of which have a light refractive or light reflecting surface (11) provided by a surface structure of projections and/or recesses (13a,13b,15a,15b), their edges following a line extending in 2 directions, so that the projections and/or recesses are concentric or concave relative to one another. Also included are Independent claims for the following: (a) a secondary illumination system; (b) a lamp with reflective sidewalls and/or upper wall.

Description

The invention relates generally Reflectors, and in particular reflectors for secondary lighting systems, more generally Reflectors in which the reflective surface is divided into individual reflective areas, such as e.g. Facets, is disassembled.

In many lighting applications, especially in the field of outdoor lighting, the reflective surface of a reflector is broken down into a large number of small areas, each of which has certain reflective properties. In this way, on the one hand, a reflection characteristic can be achieved; which is difficult or impossible to reach with a smooth surface. On the other hand, the reflection of the light source is broken down into many small light spots, which reduces glare for an observer. This applies in particular to secondary lighting systems, for example of the type used in the EP 0 735 311 A1 or the EP 0 479 042 A2 are disclosed. In particular, if the elements of the reflector are provided for deflecting or widening the light beams, they usually consist of convex or concave mirror elements which have a smooth course without discontinuities over their surface. At best, discontinuities occur at the interface between mirror elements. The known mirror elements are three-dimensional elements that are either formed in a metal surface or molded from plastic and provided with a reflective coating. Structures of this type are disadvantageous because of their uneven surface and, depending on the radius of curvature and the intended use, in some cases large volume, which in particular in the case of secondary lighting systems in the outside area forms an increased area exposed to the wind.

It is the object of the invention an alternative to the previously used volumetric facets for use with reflectors, especially secondary reflectors, to find.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a reflector, in particular a reflector for secondary lighting systems, which several non-overlapping Has reflection areas, at least a part, preferably each of the reflection areas has at least one light refractive or light reflecting area has a light-directing reflection area structure is formed by elevations and / or depressions, an edge at least two unrelated surveys or Deepening of the reflection area structure of a line follows. According to one preferred embodiment the invention extends each of these two lines in two dimensions; so they don't form a straight line, but a curved line, a traverse or the like.

The reflector according to the invention does not necessarily have to be above it whole area be reflective, but can also be translucent and / or Contain light or partially absorbing areas. The reflector according to the invention does not have to necessarily be the only reflector in a lamp, but can interact with other reflectors or a partial reflector of a larger reflector or part of a larger optical Form part.

The reflection areas can be quite or partially in terms of their shape and / or optical properties to be different. Preferably can it in optical perception when reflecting light as separate areas are perceived.

The invention can in particular provide that one Elevation or deepening either completely surrounds the other or at least partially surrounds it. In particular, it can be provided be that the one elevation or depression is concave to the other. Under concave is not necessarily concave in this context curvature to understand, but generally a line shape, which is a depression defined, which need not necessarily be smooth, but can also have discontinuities, such as in a polyline.

That the two surveys or Depressions are not connected to each other means that the inner Elevation or deepening on all sides by a section with a lower or higher Level from the outside survey or deepening is separated. However, a border line can which delimits the elevations or depressions, both elevations or deepenings in whole or in part.

In a preferred embodiment limits the exterior of the both elevations or depressions (or, in the case of more than two elevations or depressions, the outermost) the structure.

According to a preferred embodiment provided that at least one of the two elevations or depressions within a reflection area structure branching and / or is free of crossings, i.e. there is no further uplift or deepening in the reflection area structure, which is one of these two elevations crosses and / or flows into this or in which one of these two surveys opens.

The invention can in particular also provide that the both elevations or depressions of all other surveys or depressions of the reflection area structure are separated, i.e. between them and the other elevations or depressions always a section of lower or higher levels.

The reflection area structure is limited to the respective reflection area.

In the simplest case, the reflector consists of a material with an at least partially directional reflecting surface, which is different in the NEN reflection areas is structured as described above. The surface is preferably completely reflective, that is to say specular. However, it can also be designed such that only a part of the light is reflected in a directional manner and the remaining part of the light is diffusely reflected, the proportion of the directionally reflected light in the total reflected light being greater than or equal to 50% in accordance with the preferred embodiments of the invention. , in particular is greater than 70%.

The corresponding formation of a homogeneous Materials, e.g. a reflector plate can be used in manufacturing be problematic. The invention can therefore provide that the reflector in the said reflection areas essentially from a body a moldable material, e.g. Glass, plastic or the like consists of the on an outer surface Has reflection area structure, and that with an outer surface Light incidence area for the reflection area forms while the light incidence surface or that of the light incidence surface opposite area with an at least partially, preferably completely directed reflective coating, e.g. a reflective layer, is provided, or, more generally, an interface to a whole or part directionally reflective material.

A reflector according to the invention can have a transmission body in the Area of one or more of the reflection areas in the light can enter and exit and which one light incidence side and has a side opposite the light incidence side, and have a reflection device which has entered the body Light in the area opposite the light incidence side Side in the body reflected back.

The transmission body exists essentially of a translucent material. He can, but does not have to overall be translucent, but may also, e.g. through a reflective coating, be designed as a reflector or mirror.

The invention can provide that the light incidence side opposing Side of the transmission body at least in one of said reflection areas an interface to one Has light fully or partially directed reflective material and preferably with a directionally reflective coating, especially one completely directed reflective coating is provided.

The reflective side of the transmission body must be not necessarily be coated, but can also be immediate to a volumetric reflective body adjoin so that a interface between the translucent Material of the transmission body and a reflective body is formed. When the opposite side of the light Side of the transmission body is structured, it can also be provided, for example, that the depressions of the Structure to be filled with a reflective material and the leveled surface thus formed, possibly with another Layer is made of a reflective material, so that overall on the side opposite the light incidence side a smooth one area arises.

The invention can provide that the light incidence side opposing Side of the transmission body translucent is and on this side a reflective body, preferably with a smooth surface, in particular a directionally reflecting reflector, adjacent to the transmission body is provided which in the light emerging from this side the transmission body reflected back.

The reflective body can connect directly to the transmission body or of this too, e.g. be separated by a slight air gap.

The invention can provide that said Reflection area structure on the light incidence side of the transmission body in at least one reflection area of the reflector is formed.

The invention can provide that the reflection area structure in at least one reflection area on the light incidence side opposite Side is formed.

The invention can provide that the reflection area structure in a translucent area is trained and acts as a refractor.

The invention can provide that the light incidence side opposing Side of the transmission body has said reflection area structure in at least one reflection area and complete reflective, especially completely directed reflective is.

The invention can provide that the light incidence side of the transmission body in at least one reflection area, preferably all reflection areas, is smooth.

This embodiment of the invention has the special advantage that the Light incidence surface of the Reflector completely is smooth, what this insensitive to pollution and mechanical Effects and makes cleaning easier. With this arrangement will the for the optics of the reflector thus important reflection area structure protected, that she is located on the inside of the transmission body.

The invention can in particular provide that the transmission body is arranged on a support plate. This gives the reflector stability and at the same time protects the side facing away from the light incidence side of the transmission body. This is particularly advantageous if the structured side of the transmission body faces away from the light incidence side. The light-guiding body preferably lies directly on the support plate. According to a further development, the light-guiding body can be enclosed on the sides by the support plate or a housing in such a way that any space between the support plate and the transmission body which may be caused by the reflection area structure is closed to the outside.

The invention can provide that one or more Areas of reflection wholly or partially through the edge or a Edge of a body be limited, which one or more reflection area structures on its surface contains.

The invention can provide that one or more Areas of reflection in whole or in part by an area of a body, which on a surface has one or more reflection area structures, limited which is no increases or has depressions and transversely to the lines of the ridges or the soles of elevations or depressions of the associated reflection area structure extends and these increases or recesses limited in their longitudinal direction.

The invention can provide that the limit one or more reflection areas is formed by:

• - the Edge or an edge of a body, which on its surface has one or more reflection area structures and / or an area of a body which on its surface has one or more reflection area structures, without elevations or depressions and
• - one or more linear Increases or Depressions, which at each of their two end points through the edge of the body or the area with no elevations and recesses is limited in terms of their longitudinal direction.

The invention can provide that one or more Areas of reflection through the edge of a self-contained elevation or Deepening are limited.

The invention can also provide that one or more, in particular all, of the reflection areas are each formed on the surface of one body, the corresponding body or bodies each having only this one reflection area, and in this case the boundaries of the reflection area preferably with the Edge of the surface of this body, which forms the reflection area, coincide. ^` The invention can provide that an edge of at least two elevations or depressions either either follows a closed line or forms a closed line together with the edge of the reflection area, such that one elevation or depression the other either alone or together with the edge completely surrounds the reflection area. It can in particular be provided that the enclosed elevation or depression is partially limited by the said closed line. For example, the enclosed elevation or depression may adjoin the edge of the reflection area, which, together with the edge of the elevation or depression, forms the closed line which surrounds the elevation or depression.

The invention can provide that one edge of several Elevations or depressions of one or more reflection area structures a line that follows the projection of a contour line of a three-dimensional preferably convex or concave curved imaginary body, the Floor space with the area of the reflection area is identical, on the base corresponds to.

The invention can provide that the reflection areas regarding the two-dimensional shape of its edge (not necessarily regarding the structure of surveys formed on them and / or depressions) uniform are or that at least several re fl ection areas the same two-dimensional shape of their Edges, in particular the same outline shape and the same size. For example, it can be provided that it is two-dimensional Shape of a reflection area or at least for several different two-dimensional Forms or the plurality thereof, in the reflector several reflection areas which have this shape. Alternatively or additionally, in different reflection areas the same structure of surveys and / or Wells are available. In particular, it can be provided that it to any structure of surveys and / or deepenings, at least to several such structures or the majority of them, each there are several reflection areas that have this structure, this structure being the same or, according to an alternative form of training, can be oriented differently.

On the other hand, according to the invention, in particular be provided that the Reflecting areas have different structures or structures with the same topology but different orientations. For example for structures with elevations and / or depressions, which one follow the open line, the openings, that are defined between the end points of the line in one Reflecting area in a different direction than in another reflecting area point even though the lines themselves are within the reflection range have the same topology. For example, the ratio of two reflection areas so that one reflection area generated by rotating the other reflection area can.

The invention can provide that for at least two elevations or depressions in each case an edge, which is not identical to an edge of the other depression, runs on a partial area of an imaginary closed line, the one of the two imaginary closed lines completely surrounds the other and the partial area on which the edge of the respective elevation or depression runs is defined by adjacent intersection points with a third imaginary closed line (frame line), which is the first and second closed imaginary line cuts. To a certain extent, this third imaginary line forms a frame with which that section of the two imaginary closed lines which is to be implemented in the reflection area structure in the form of an elevation or depression is cut out. The third imaginary closed line can in particular coincide with the boundary of a reflection area.

The invention can provide that several, preferably all elevations and / or depressions of a reflection area structure are closed in themselves or at their ends in the edge of the reflection area lead.

The invention can also provide that the reflection area structure has a central section, which on all sides of a Elevation or deepening is limited, and the reflection area structure outside this central area completely consists of elevations and depressions that are separated from each other and each follow a closed line or a line, which ends in the edge of the reflection area and together with the edge of the reflection area a closed line forms, each. these elevations and in-depths alone or together with the edge of the reflection area encloses the central area and each of these surveys or depressions of all surveys or depressions, who are outside of the area it encloses, on all sides that are not coincide with the edge of the reflection area, enclosed becomes.

The invention can also provide that a reflection area structure has an edge area on those sides on which it is not limited by the edge of the reflection area, from a separate elevation or deepening is limited and the reflection area structure outside this edge area Completely consists of elevations and depressions that are separated from each other are and each have a line that ends at the edge of the reflection area opens and form a closed line with it, follow, each of these elevations or depressions together with the Edge of the reflection area encloses said edge area and each of these surveys or depressions of all surveys or depressions, who are outside of the area it encloses, on all sides is enclosed with the edge of the reflection area.

The invention can particularly provide that at a Reflecting area structure an elevation or deepening completely outside the one enclosed by another elevation or deepening or included area. It can be provided in particular be that elevation or deepening that a second elevation or deepening entirely or partially encloses or at least concave opposite this is and is not connected to this second survey, outside of that Area, which is due to this elevation or deepening an imaginary straight line which marks the two end points of the second elevation or Deepening connects, is included. Conversely, can also be provided be that the second Elevation or deepening, which according to the invention from a first survey or recess is wholly or partially enclosed or with respect to them the first elevation or depression is concave within that Area, which is due to this first elevation or deepening and an imaginary straight line which marks the two end points of the first survey or Deepening connects, is included.

The invention can provide that the surveys and / or deepening outside of the central area or edge area at least partially concentric and / or are parallel to each other.

The invention can provide that the outside of the central region or peripheral region and / or Depressions at least partially have a circular shape.

Depending on the application and purpose can these elevations or depressions also another closed have a geometric shape, e.g. that of an ellipse, a square, a rectangle or another polygon or the like, or have the shape of a portion thereof.

The invention can provide that the central area or edge area one concave to the outside or convex area having.

If said reflection area structure in a light reflecting surface is formed and this light reflecting surface is the light incidence side of the reflector, this surface is preferably convex to the outside arched. If this reflective surface that of the light incidence surface opposing area of a transmission body , it is preferably concave to the outside (i.e. to the Light incidence side convex).

The invention can provide that the surveys and / or deepening outside of the central area or edge area in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the line, which is the elevation or depression follows, are jagged.

In particular, it can be provided that the said reflection area structure of the structure of a Fresnel lens equivalent.

The light-refracting reflection area structure does not have to be a Fresnel lens, however ken, ie be formed in a translucent interface of a body. It can also be formed in a reflective surface so that it forms a reflector which is structured similar to a Fresnel lens.

With the reflection area structure according to the invention, the thickness of the reflector can be reduced compared to a conventional facet structure and at the same time the reflection properties of a facet structure can be essentially maintained. Constructively, a facet structure of a known type can be converted into a reflector structure according to the invention by, on the one hand, placing the facet in layers of substantially uniform thickness and, on the other hand, in (not necessarily circular-cylindrical) cylinder sections perpendicular to the base side of the facet, the base area of which by the line of intersection of the bottom or Top of a layer is defined with the surface of the facet, subdivided and in each of these cylinder sections maintains only the uppermost of the layers and arranges them at the base level of the facet. This principle is shown schematically in 1 illustrated. As a precaution it is pointed out that 1 merely illustrates the general basic idea of the construction of a reflection area structure according to the invention. As a rule, it will be necessary to optimize the contour of the individual sections of the reflection area structure so that the reflection properties of the reflection area structure essentially correspond to the reflection properties of the original facet.

The invention can provide that the height of the surveys the reflection area structure, related to a parallel to one smooth imaginary or real area, which is an envelope the light incidence surface forms in a reflection area, at least predominantly have the same height.

This means that the surveys (or depressions) only a certain maximum height or can have depth and the number of elevations or depressions may be increased must be a more Light control, such as that used in a more curved spherical cap is given to simulate. In this way it is possible to use flat reflection elements manufacture what the design, layout and maintenance of the reflector simplified.

For the commitment to Lighting tasks have structure sizes in a range of 0.1 mm up to 10 mm proved to be advantageous. In particular lies with certain preferred embodiments the width of the elevation and / or depression, based on a cross section perpendicular to a tangent to the line, which is the elevation or depression follows, in a range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

The dimensions of the reflection areas can, in particular in applications for Secondary lighting systems, in a range of 40 mm × 40 mm to 4000 mm × 4000 mm, in particular 40 mm × 40 mm to 350 mm × 350 mm, according to certain embodiments of 40 mm × 40 mm to 150 mm × 150 mm, in another embodiment at around 300 mm × 300 mm.

While according to one embodiment the reflection areas are square and in this case the preceding dimensions indicate both the area and the edge length, the reflection areas can also have other shapes, for example a rectangular shape, a hexagon shape, the shape of a segment of a circle or the shape of a ring or ring section , in which case the area of these areas corresponds to the area implied by the preceding dimensions and consequently, according to certain embodiments, can be in a range from 16 · 10 ² mm ² to 16 · 10 ⁶ mm ² .

The reflector or sections of the reflector can to be level. This is particularly advantageous when used in secondary lighting systems. However, the reflector or sections of the reflector can in certain embodiments also curved or be shaped otherwise.

A reflector according to the invention can consist of several Reflecting areas that are directly adjacent to each other and preferably regularly, similar to in a facet reflector are arranged. The individual areas of reflection act like facets. In particular, they can with reflection at least in some, preferably all viewing directions how individual light sources act, each on the respective Reflection area limited appear.

It can be provided in particular be that yourself the reflection area structure periodically in one or two directions repeated, the reflection area structures being more adjacent Reflecting areas can also directly adjoin each other.

With periodic training the areas of reflection or quasi-periodic training, where the structure is in the individual reflection areas not strictly repeated, but only one or more structural features repetition and / or the repetition does not start at equal intervals, can the line between the reflection areas through the line or the lines are defined in which the structure or the said structural features begin to repeat each time.

The invention can provide that at least some of the reflection areas are each defined by a transmission body which has exactly one reflection area structure with at least two non-interconnected elevations or depressions, one of which at least partially surrounds and / or is concave to the other , The individual transmission bodies can be connected to one another. You can, for example, in one piece with a connecting section of the Be designed reflector.

Overall, the reflector can be structured facet-like, the reflection areas in each case correspond to a facet, only in this case the facets of the reflector not with a curvature, but with the reflection area structure described above are provided.

The invention can provide that the reflection areas are defined in that a Body out a translucent or opaque Material on one surface several Reflection area structures of elevations and depressions are provided are, which are at least two separate surveys or Have depressions, one of which at least the other partially surrounds and / or is concave to it, each of the reflection region structures across from other reflection area structures by a preferably in closed elevation or deepening is limited, which is separated from other surveys or depressions.

In this embodiment of the invention several or all of the reflection areas are realized in a single body, on one of its surfaces is structured as described above. The reflection areas at least partially by the outline of the respective reflection area structure limited and thus defined. Because the outer elevation, or deepening, which limits the range of reflection, other elevations or depressions do not cross or merge with them, but at most you Edge possibly coincides with an edge of a neighboring elevation or depression the corresponding reflection area of the reflector is clearly defined. If the reflection area structure is multiple self-contained Has elevations or depressions that surround each other, sets the outermost of these Elevations or depressions fixed the edge of the reflection area. Conversely, in this embodiment, if the limiting elevation or deepening is self-contained is no elevation or deepening of a reflection area Elevation or deepening of the reflection area structure of another Enclose the reflection area in the sense of a closed line, cross it or flow into this.

The invention can in particular also provide that at the surface of a body several reflection areas with different reflection area structures are realized. That body can form the reflector as a whole or be part of a larger one several such bodies composite reflector.

The invention particularly provides Reflectors available, which for Lighting tasks are used, at least in certain Directions luminous flux of more than 1000 lumens are emitted, and in particular represents also luminaires or lighting systems for such lighting tasks to disposal, in which one or more light sources with a reflector according to the invention interact. Lights according to the invention, in which a reflector, as described above, for Can come into use in particular table lamps, surface-mounted and recessed lights, pendant lights, Floor lamps, wall lights or outdoor lights. Lighting tasks, that with a reflector according to the invention or a lamp according to the invention solved can be can in particular square lighting, street lighting, facade lighting or a combination of these three applications, also free-form illumination, roundabout illumination or a point illumination (Spot).

A particularly advantageous application finds the invention in secondary lighting systems, especially if the reflector of the secondary lighting system is flat is, as well as generally lighting arrangements with a reflective Component and a light-emitting component, which are separated from each other or are spaced.

The invention particularly provides a secondary lighting system with a light source and one spaced from the light source Reflector, which converts the light emitted by the light source into one area to be illuminated reflects available is characterized in that the Reflector is designed as described above.

For example, the secondary reflector of the Secondary lighting system be placed on a ceiling of a room or suspended from the ceiling, while a light source designed as a projector lamp near the floor or in Floor is arranged sunk or at least spaced from the ceiling is arranged. The secondary reflector can also be attached to a frame or a mast, wherein in a lower area of the mast or frame, from the secondary reflector discontinued, e.g. by 1 to 15 m or more, one or more projector lights are arranged as light sources.

Depending on the area of application, the Distance between the light source of the secondary lighting system, in particular a projector lamp, and the reflector between 0.1 m and 50 m, with distances from about 0.1 m to 3 m are mainly used in interior lighting be while larger distances, such as Example distances of 3 m or more are mainly used outdoors become. in principle can however, also with high interiors larger distances than Step 3 m while for outdoor lights, where the projector lamp is attached to the end of a mast, the distance from the reflector is in the range of 0.1 m can be up to 1 m.

However, the invention is not limited to the Ver limited use of such reflectors in secondary lighting systems, but can also be used in particular with direct-beam luminaires, in particular as a roof or side wall reflector for luminaires with side light coupling, possibly in conjunction with a refractive structure on or near the light exit surface, or with conventional luminaires which the light source is arranged in a reflector. In the case of the latter lights, it can in particular be provided that one, several or all sides of the reflector are completely or partially flat. Since the light-directing properties of the reflector are determined by the structure of elevations and / or depressions and not by a specific curvature of the side wall, it is not necessary according to the invention to use curved reflector walls, as are usually used otherwise. On the one hand, this increases the design options. For example, you can produce lights with a square, hexagonal, octagonal or otherwise polygonal light exit surface with planar reflectors according to the invention, which have similar properties as conventional round lights with a curved reflector.

The other is manufacturing simplified as it is possible is, in principle Same design of the reflector through different flat reflector elements to achieve different light emission properties. In particular can be provided that in a support structure several reflectors designed according to the invention are included, which together form a luminaire reflector and are also interchangeable if necessary. It is also possible to get a Series of lights with the same basic structure, especially with the same Structure of the reflector, to be realized only by distinguish a different structuring of the reflector surface.

An inventive reflector or an inventive lamp can in particular a shielded light intensity distribution, for example for VDU workstations (BAP), a narrow beam or a wide beam light distribution produce.

The invention is generally found in optical reflective lighting components application. For example can effect the invention a luminaire grid with reflective slats can be achieved, by a body provided with reflective and translucent sections is the the slats of a grid or the spaces between correspond to the slats, for example strip-shaped reflective ones Areas that correspond to the slats and which also with stripe translucent Alternate areas covering the spaces between the slats correspond. This sequence of streak-shaped translucent and reflective Sections through a frame-shaped, reflecting area surrounding these sections are supplemented which the side reflectors in a luminaire with a grid or side reflectors of the grid. The reflective Areas can thereby as reflectors with elevations and / or depressions formed in the manner described above be the reflective effect of the slats or the side reflectors emulate.

The invention also provides a reflector to disposal, one or more reflection areas with at least one each has a refractive or light reflecting surface, on which a light-directing reflection area structure of elevations and / or depressions, at least one reflection region or a combination of several reflection areas at least approximately the reflection properties of a wall, in particular a side wall a lamella, in particular a three-dimensional lamella.

The reflector can also be two opposite each other Have sides, each with one or more reflection areas according to the invention are provided, which are at least approximately the reflection properties from each other sidewalls have a slat. In particular, it can also be provided that that the Reflector is three-dimensional and next to the two Sidewalls too has a roof wall, the side walls and optionally the Roof wall in the manner according to the invention are designed so that they the reflection properties of a corresponding lamella at least approximately exhibit.

In particular, it can be provided that the reflection area or areas which have the reflection properties of a wall of a lamella result from a Fresnel construction of the lamella as shown in 1 is illustrated and has been explained above.

In particular, it can be provided that the Reflection area structure or the reflection area structures, which emulate the lamella, parallel elevations and / or depressions, contains concentric circular or arc sections or the like.

In particular, it can be provided that one several or all walls of the reflector, apart from the elevations and depressions of the structure, flat, in particular not curved. That way it possible the curved slats normally used by flat To replace reflectors that have a similar effect.

According to the invention, it can in particular be provided that in one or more reflection areas which emulate the properties of a wall of a lamella, the reflector consists of one light permeable material and is provided on one surface with a structure according to the invention, a reflective layer or a reflective body being present on this structured surface or adjacent to it or on the opposite surface, in particular a specularly reflective layer. The reflective layer can be spaced from the structured surface and separated by the translucent material. If, for example, only one wall of a lamella is to be emulated, a surface of a translucent body can be structured according to the invention and this surface or the opposite surface can be mirrored. If one wants to emulate two opposite sides of a lamella by means of a reflector according to the invention, two such reflectors, which are structured on one surface and provided with a reflective coating on the opposite surface, can be joined back to back. A corresponding procedure is followed if one additionally wants to emulate a curved roof wall of a slat or, if necessary, other, in particular curved sections of a slat.

Furthermore, can be provided according to the invention be that several Reflectors or combinations of reflectors, each one Emulate slat, are spaced from each other. there can these reflectors or combinations of reflectors through translucent areas be separated from each other, in particular from the same base material how the base material of the reflectors can exist. However, it can also be provided be that like a normal grid, these reflectors or combinations of reflectors through open spaces are separated. In a further development, it is also possible to use individual reflectors according to the invention to provide which optical properties are similar or similar identical to that of a slat, a side reflector and / or have other components of a grid and one of these parts Assemble reflector arrangement, which in terms of their optical properties corresponds to a conventional grid and in particular parts or Sections that have lamellae in terms of their optical properties correspond, and / or parts or sections, which with respect their optical properties side reflectors of a grid or correspond to other components of a grid.

The structures which define the reflection regions according to the invention can vary with regard to their diameter, their shape and also with regard to the curvature of the elevations or depressions. Both symmetrical structures and structures based on free-form surfaces are possible (cf. 1 ).

The invention is based on the surprising Realization that the usual Facet elements that have a relatively large volume and training require in three dimensions, replaced by a flatter structure can be which is essentially based on a two-dimensional basic structure, along whose ridges and wells are formed. This results in a lower weight and, when used outdoors, a less wind exposure area. Opened at the same time this is also the advantageous way to design the reflector so that it is less susceptible to contamination is and can be cleaned more easily.

Additional features and advantages result itself from the following description of an embodiment the invention and the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of construction of a structure according to the invention.

2 shows schematically a reflector surface according to the invention in a plan view.

3 shows schematically a cross section along the line III-III in 2 ,

4 shows schematically a modification of the structure of the reflection areas according to 2 on a section of the reflector.

5 shows a cross section along the line V - V in 4 ,

6 shows a realization of a lamp according to the invention as a table lamp.

7 schematically shows the implementation of a lamp according to the invention as a ceiling lamp,

8th 1 shows an application example for an outdoor lamp, various lighting tasks being illustrated,

9 schematically shows an embodiment of a lamp according to the invention with a light guide, which has a reflector designed according to the invention,

10 shows a schematic application example of reflectors according to the invention for use instead of a lamp grid.

11 shows schematically another possible embodiment of a lamp according to the invention.

2 schematically shows a general with 1 designated reflector according to the invention, on the two rows of reflection areas for the purpose of explanation 3 are trained. The reflector has a base plate 5 , which essentially serves as a support plate and is intended to give stability to the entire structure. In the illustrated embodiment, this has a support plate 5 no optical function. On the support plate 5 is a body 7 made of a translucent material, for example by gluing or by mechanical fastening, which has a smooth surface 9 on the of the support plate 5 opposite side and a structured surface 11 on the of the support plate 5 facing side. In the area 11 are deepening 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c trained (cf. 3 ), each of which is essentially lower right wall facing inward and a curved wall facing outward. These recesses are in 2 indicated by solid lines. In the area of the wells 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c is the area 11 mirrored. In that area 17 the area between the two structures 11 also be mirrored. However, it may be desirable in the area 11 just not bring about reflection to the individual areas 3 optically more separate from each other. In this case, the area 11 or the opposite surface of the support plate 5 in this area 17 provided with a light-absorbing or light-scattering coating.

The area 9 forms the light incidence surface of the reflector. Light that falls on this surface enters the body 7 and is at the interface in the area of the depressions 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c reflected so that it is on the surface 9 emerges again. Here are the wells 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c according to the in 1 shown construction principle designed so that they act like a three-dimensional curved surface, such as a spherical cap. For the sake of clarity, it is pointed out that the drawings are neither to scale nor the shape of the depressions 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c is reproduced realistically. These were only shown schematically for illustration. Overall, the reflector works 1 like a faceted reflector with spherical caps, as in 1 are shown. Unlike a dome reflector, however, it has a smooth surface 9 and can be made much flatter. Preferably the plate 7 a thickness in a range of 0.1 mm to 5 mm. This leads to correspondingly flat reflector walls.

4 shows a modification of the reflection region structure in which the outer depressions have no closed shape. The one with here 21a and 21b designated wells, which are the wells 13a and 13b respectively. 15a and 15b correspond in this embodiment to a horseshoe shape, the open side of which is an unstructured area 23 has. One recognizes by the cross section of the 5 that each of the wells 21a and 21b on the to the unstructured area 23 adjacent wall a vertical wall 25 is limited. In the direction perpendicular to the line V-V, the cross-section of the structure corresponds to that of the depressions 13a and 13b the 3 , The area 21c can have a maximum inside, like this with the deepening 13c the case is, or its maximum at that of the unstructured area 23 have adjacent edge.

Numerous modifications of the illustrated and described embodiments are possible. For example, it would be conceivable to work on the surface 11 intended structure on the side 9 form, then instead of wells, such as the wells 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c , on the surface 9 corresponding surveys would have to be provided. If the page 9 the body is mirrored 7 not be translucent. With sufficient stability, the support plate can also be used in this case 5 omitted.

According to a further modification of the invention, the body can 5 both on the light incidence surface 9 and also be provided on the side opposite the light incidence surface with a structure which has a refractive or light-reflecting effect.

In a modified embodiment it can also be provided that the surface 11 is not mirrored and the support plate 5 entirely or in the field of structures 13a to 13c or 15a to 15c is mirrored. It could also be provided that the area of the depressions 13a to 13c respectively. 15a to 15c is filled in volume with a reflective material so that a smooth interface with the support plate 5 arises.

While in 2 the reflection area structures, which through the depressions 13a . 13b . 13c were formed than by the intermediate area 17 were shown separated from each other, these areas can also directly adjoin one another, such as that part of the edge of a depression 13a of a reflection area 3 at the same time part of the edge of the depression 13a of the next reflection area.

A secondary lighting system according to the invention can have a structure which is identical to that which is used, for example, in EP 0 735 311 A1 or the EP 0 479 042 A2 is described and shown, to which reference is made with regard to further details, only the secondary reflector being designed in the manner according to the invention described above. In particular, in the preferred embodiment, such a secondary lighting system has a projector lamp and a secondary reflector which is arranged at a distance from the projector lamp and which is designed according to the invention. In particular, with an arrangement as shown in the EP 0 479 042 A2 or the EP 0 735 311 A1 is described, the various individual reflectors are designed in the manner according to the invention or also correspond in each case to reflection regions in a reflector according to the invention. It is not absolutely necessary for the individual reflectors or units to be adjustable with several individual reflectors. According to a possible embodiment, these individual reflectors or such units can also be interchangeable, so that they can be used on the spot, depending on the desired light emission characteristic, in order to generate a specific illuminance distribution.

In principle, secondary lighting systems can be replaced by replacing the reflector according to the invention or parts of the reflector according to the invention by one according to the invention Reflector or reflector parts according to the invention with different reflection properties, the light emission properties of the secondary lighting system are changed.

6 to 8th illustrate embodiments of such secondary lighting systems.

In 6 is a secondary lighting system designed as a table lamp, the reference number 30 a table, the reference number 32 a projector lamp, the reference symbol 34 a reflector according to the invention and the reference symbol 36 denotes the illuminated area. In applications of this type, the distance between the projector lamp 32 and the reflector 34 0.1 m to 0.5 m.

7 shows a secondary lighting system in which below a ceiling 40 a projector lamp 42 is attached, which light on a reflector designed according to the invention 44 shines in, which reflects the light to the adjacent wall, the reference symbol 46 denotes the illuminated area.

8th shows an application example in the outdoor lighting area. The reference number 50 denotes a mast, the reference symbol 52 denotes a projector lamp and the reference symbol 54 denotes a reflector according to the invention, which the light emitted by the projector lamp 52 is irradiated on it, reflected in different areas.

In 8th Various lighting tasks are illustrated that can be solved with the reflector according to the invention. The area denoted by A denotes the illumination of a street, that is to say the illumination of a strip-like, elongated section of the terrain. The area labeled B illustrates the illumination of a square and the area labeled C illustrates the illumination of a facade. In principle, it is possible to use suitable reflective structures or by using different structures in different reflection areas to perform a number of lighting tasks, for example two or more of the in 8th illustrated lighting tasks to solve simultaneously. It is also possible to illuminate individual areas of the terrain differently. For example, with the arrangement according to 8th In connection with a place illumination by a suitable design of the reflector, the area around the mast is relatively dark and an annular section around this dark area is illuminated. In the case of a lighting task, the corresponding reflector structures can be calculated using known methods, for example ray tracing. Another construction option would be, for example, in the middle of the reflector 54 to implement a Fresnel reflector which emulates a convex spherical reflector, in which case, however, it is more possible than with a spherical reflector to emit light rays which are at a small angle of inclination to the mast 50 on the reflector 54 to reflect at a relatively large angle to this mast.

In 9 is shown in a schematic cross section of a lamp according to the invention, which has a light guide 60 has light from the sides from light sources 62 , in particular lamps, is coupled. The light guide 60 has a cavity 64 , a reflector 66 and, if necessary, side reflectors 68 on and can on its the roof reflector 66 opposite side through a translucent cover 70 , for example a translucent plate. The lamps 62 are preferably coupling reflectors 72 assigned which the lamps on the by the light guide 60 Surround away side and the light incident on them preferably completely into the light guide 60 , ie, in the cavity 64 , to the reflectors 66 or 68 or directly to the cover 70 reflect. The cover 70 can be provided with a light-refractive light-directing structure, as is shown, for example, in EP 1 065 436 A1 ( EP 99 125 646.2 ) or EP 1 106 916 A2 ( EP 00 126 203.9 ) is described. It can also be provided refractive, light-directing structures, as in the EP 0 846 915 A1 be proposed for generating a shield, which in turn on U.S. Patent 5,555,109 respectively. U.S. Patent 5,396,350 for further details regarding the corresponding structures.

At the in 9 The lamp shown is at least one of the reflectors 66 or 68 designed in the manner according to the invention, as described above. In particular, the roof reflector 66 be designed so that it essentially limits the radiation to a certain angular range, based on a normal to the light exit surface.

10 schematically shows an embodiment of a lamp in which a lamp 90 over a reflector arrangement 92 is arranged. The reflector arrangement 92 includes individual reflectors 94 , each of which has flat side walls which are structured in the manner described above in such a way that they emulate the reflection properties of the side walls of a grid lamella, possibly also the roof wall of a grid lamella. Between the reflectors 94 As with a normal grid, there are translucent areas, for example free spaces between the reflectors 94 could be. In 10 are just the narrow sides of the reflectors 94 recognizable, but not the structured side walls according to the invention.

The arrangement of the 10 can be supplemented by a further circumferential planar reflector which is structured in the manner according to the invention, for example by a Fresnel construction, in such a way that it emulates the reflection properties of the side reflectors of a raster. This reflect gate surrounds the reflectors, just like a normal grid 94 , which correspond to the lamellas, but with the difference that this frame-like reflector is flat on its reflection surfaces, apart from the elevations and depressions which form the structure on its surface.

In principle, it is possible to combine the technology according to the invention and conventional technologies. For example, it would be possible to construct a grid which has a frame with conventional curved reflector sections in which the reflectors according to the invention 94 , which replace the slats, are held, or vice versa to combine conventional slats with an all-round reflector according to the invention with flat walls, which fulfills the function of a side reflector.

The invention is not on reflectors for secondary lighting systems limited, but is also used in all areas, in which faceted reflectors, especially with facets in the form of a spherical cap, be used. In the specific lighting application, therefore Light source not necessarily spaced from the reflector be, but can also be arranged in this.

This is illustrated schematically in FIG. 12. Fig. 12 illustrates a lamp in which a lamp 100 is arranged within a reflector, which consists of three flat reflector sections 102 . 104 and 106 is constructed, which are each formed in the manner according to the invention. It would also be conceivable to design only one or two of these reflector sections according to the invention and to leave the remaining reflector (s) unstructured. A fluorescent lamp is sketched schematically in FIG. However, it is also possible to use a different lamp or other reflector geometries.

The in the description, the claims and Features of the invention disclosed in the drawings can both individually or in any combination for realizing the invention in their various embodiments be essential.

Claims (29)

Reflector, in particular reflector for secondary lighting systems, which has several non-overlapping reflection areas ( 3 ), at least some of the reflection areas ( 3 ) at least one light-refractive or light-reflecting surface ( 11 ) on which a light-directing reflection area structure of elevations and / or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ; 21a . 21b ) is formed, wherein an edge of at least two elevations or depressions (not interconnected) ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ; 21a . 21b ) the reflection area structure follows a line that extends in two dimensions, such that one elevation or depression completely or partially encloses the other or is at least concave with respect to it. Reflector according to claim 1, characterized by a transmission body ( 7 ) made of a translucent material in the area of one or more of the reflection areas ( 3 ), which has a light incidence side ( 9 ) and a side opposite the light incidence side ( 11 ), and by a reflection device which reflects light that has entered the body back into the body in the region of the side opposite the light incidence side. Reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that the side opposite the light incidence side ( 11 ) of the transmission body ( 7 ) at least in one of the said reflection areas ( 3 ) has an interface with a material that is at least partially directionally reflective. Reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that the side opposite the light incidence side ( r ) of the transmission body is translucent and a reflective body is provided on this side, which reflects the light emerging from this side into the transmission body ( 7 ) reflected back. Reflector according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said reflection area structure on the light incidence side ( 9 ) of the transmission body ( 7 ) in at least one reflection area ( 3 ) of the reflector is formed. Reflector according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the reflection area structure in at least one reflection area ( 3 ) on the side opposite the light incidence side ( 11 ) is trained. Reflector according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that that the Reflection area structure is formed in a translucent surface and refractive acts. Reflector according to claim 6, characterized in that the side opposite the light incidence side ( 11 ) of the transmission body ( 7 ) is completely reflective in at least one reflection area which has said reflection area structure. Reflector according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the light incidence side ( 9 ) of the transmission body ( 7 ) in at least one reflection area ( 3 } is smooth. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more Re Flexion areas are wholly or partially limited by the edge or an edge of a body that has one or more reflection area structures on a surface. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the existence or several or all of the reflection areas by one Area of a body, which on a surface has one or more reflection area structures, limited which is no increases or has depressions, transverse to the lines of the ridges or Soles of elevations or depressions of the associated reflection area structure runs and these increases or recesses limited in their longitudinal direction. Reflector according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that that the The boundary of one or more reflection areas is formed by:  - the edge or an edge of a body, which on its surface has one or more reflection area structures and / or an area of a body which on a surface has one or more reflection area structures, without elevations or Recesses and  - one or more linear increases or deepening, which at each of their two end points the edge of the body or the area with no elevations and depressions are limited in terms of their longitudinal direction. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the existence or several reflection areas through the edge of a self-contained increase or deepening are limited. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that an edge of at least two elevations or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ; 21a . 21b ) either either follows a closed line or forms a closed line together with the edge of the reflection area such that one elevation or depression completely surrounds the other either alone or together with the edge of the reflection area. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an edge of a plurality of elevations or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ; 21a . 21b ) one or more reflection area structures follows a line which corresponds to the projection of a contour line of a three-dimensional imaginary body, whose base area is identical to the area of the reflection area, on its base area. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that for at least two elevations or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ; 21a . 21b ) an edge, which is not identical to an edge of the other depression, runs on a partial area of an imaginary closed line, one of the two imaginary closed lines completely enclosing the other and the partial area on which the edge of the respective elevation or Depression extends, is defined in each case by adjacent intersection points with a third imaginary closed line which intersects the first and second closed imaginary lines. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the reflection area structure has a central section ( 13c . 15c ), which is on all sides of a survey or deepening ( 13b . 15b ) is limited, and the reflection area structure outside this central area consists entirely of elevations and depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ) which are separated from one another and each follow a closed line or a line which ends at the ends of the reflection area and forms a closed line together with the edge of the reflection area, each of these elevations and depressions alone or together with the edge of the reflection area encloses the central area and each of these elevations or depressions is enclosed on all sides by all elevations or depressions which are located outside the area enclosed by them, alone or together with the edge of the reflection area. Reflector according to claim 17, characterized in that the elevations and / or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ) outside the central area ( 13c . 15c ) are at least partially concentric and / or parallel to each other. Reflector according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that that the outside elevations and / or depressions located in the central area at least partly have a circular shape. Reflector according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the central region ( 13c . 15c ) has a concave or convex surface on the outside. Reflector according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that elevations and / or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ) outside the central area in a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the line, which the elevation or depression follows, are formed in a jagged manner. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the said reflection area structure corresponds to the structure of a Fresnel lens. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the height of Elevations of the reflection area structure, related to a parallel to a smooth imaginary or real area; which is an envelope the light incidence surface forms in a reflection area, at least predominantly have the same height. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the reflector ( 1 ) from several reflection areas ( 3 ) that are adjacent to each other. Reflector according to one of claims 2 to 24, characterized in that at least some of the reflection areas ( 3 ) are each defined by a transmission body which has exactly one reflection area structure with at least two elevations or depressions which are not connected to one another, one of which at least partially surrounds the other. Reflector according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the reflection areas ( 3 ) are defined in that in a light-conducting or light-non-conducting body, several reflection area structures of elevations and depressions are provided on one surface, which reflect structures have at least two mutually separate elevations or depressions ( 13a . 13b . 15a . 15b ), one of which at least partially surrounds the other. Secondary lighting system with a light source and one spaced from the light source Reflector, which in the light emitted by the light source reflects a space to be illuminated, characterized in that that the reflector according to one of the claims 1 to 26 is formed. Luminaire with a light guide that is reflective Has side wall and / or a reflective roof wall and a light exit surface, the lamp further comprising at least one light source, which couples light into the light guide so that it at the light exit surface of the light guide is emitted, with at least one side reflector and / or roof reflector according to one of claims 1 to 26 is formed. Luminaire according to claim 28, characterized in that the Light source on a side not parallel to the light exit surface the light guide is arranged.