DE20205388U1 - Thermally insulating module block and masonry from this module block - Google Patents

Description

Thermally insulating modular building block and a masonry made of this modular building block

In 1997, at the World Climate Conference in Kyoto, the German government committed itself to reducing _CO2 emissions in the Federal Republic by 25% by 2005. As part of the amendment of the Thermal Insulation Ordinance (WSOV) of 1995, the new Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV for short) came into force on February 1, 2002.
The EnEV merges the old thermal insulation regulations and the heating system regulations, so that in addition to the structural components, the technical influences of the system must also be assessed. Depending on the type of building, the maximum permissible heating energy requirement is thus reduced by a further 30% compared to the requirements of the 1995 Thermal Insulation Regulation. In order to meet the current requirements for structural thermal insulation and to be prepared for planned tightening of the EnEV, a further development of current masonry systems is necessary.

Due to the relatively rapid advancement of structural thermal insulation, individual components have been developed that meet the requirements, but a truly mature and convincing construction system does not yet exist.

The first positive approaches can be found in some of the newer building approvals. In these approvals, the insulation material is already integrated into the brick, which means that an additional trade can be saved on the construction.
In addition to the positive aspects of the above-mentioned approvals, there are doubts as to whether the insulation materials chosen and used will prove to be effective, as the materials used are bulk materials or mineral wool and are extremely difficult to process and handle on site. Another thing that the previous approvals have in common is that the integrated insulation material is flush with the top and bottom of the brick. The lateral boundaries of the insulation material are determined by the external crossbars.

The choice of a suitable insulation material should be made mainly depending on the required building physics properties as well as the handling and processing on the construction site. Therefore, there is much to be said for the use of prefabricated panels as an integrated insulation material in a brick.

Dimensional tolerances of the insulation material to be integrated must be determined in advance and adapted to the process-related dimensional tolerances of the brick. It is also sensible not to allow the insulation material to end at the top or bottom of the brick. Better thermal insulation can be achieved if the insulation material engages the row of bricks at the top or bottom of the masonry (Lego brick principle). It is also sensible to provide transverse grooves in the sides of the outer webs, into which thermal insulation panels are also integrated, which in turn engage laterally in existing grooves in the adjacent brick in the masonry (tongue and groove principle). This prevents the thermal bridge currently existing, mortar joint or transverse outer webs. The thermal insulation panels installed must have a firm fit in the brick, which can be achieved by a press fit or by gluing them in (adhesive mortar). It is also possible to use different materials at the joints between the bricks and the adjacent brick than inside the brick.

It is sensible to use thin-bed mortar to build this masonry, although medium-bed mortar can also be used. It is also possible to lay this masonry dry, as the use of sufficiently strong insulation panels ensures that the masonry is sufficiently stable. For better sound and heat protection, dry-laid joint material should be present between the individual rows of stones. This joint material can be, for example, a glass fleece that has the necessary recesses for the insulation panels.
Panels made of expanded glass, clay foam, mineral foam, foam glass, perlite, polystyrene, polyurethane, wood fiber and cellulose fiber can be used as insulation materials. The thermal insulation effect, sound insulation, fire behavior and statics can be varied by selecting the materials used, so that a variable masonry system is created. However, it is essential that the materials used have dimensional tolerances in order to ensure smooth production of the brick in the manufacturer's factory and problem-free processing on the construction site.

Claims (10)

1. Brick characterized in that thermal insulation panels are integrated into the brick, which protrude beyond the lateral dimensions of the brick. 2. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation panels protrude beyond the upper or lower side of the brick. 3. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal insulation panels protrude laterally beyond the brick side. 4. Brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated thermal insulation panels have a firm fit due to a press fit or by gluing. 5. Brick according to the above claims, characterized in that the protruding insulating material engages downwards or upwards into the adjacent bricks in the masonry (Lego brick principle). 6. Brick according to the above claims, characterized in that the protruding insulating material engages laterally into the adjacent bricks in the masonry (tongue and groove principle). 7. Brick according to the above claims, characterized in that a different material is used on the abutting surfaces to the adjacent brick than in the interior of the brick. 8. Masonry according to the above claims, characterized in that a dry-laid joint material is used. 9. Masonry according to claim 8, characterized in that the dry-laid joint material has recesses for the insulation panels. 10. Masonry according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the masonry is constructed using the thin-bed mortar method or the medium-bed mortar method.