DE202014004894U1 - Filter element with prismatic basic shape - Google Patents

Abstract

Filter element (10) for a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for the filtration of a fluid, in particular air, with a prismatic basic shape, wherein the mutually parallel base surface (12) and top surface (14) have a polygonal basic shape, a first lateral surface (16 ) and a second lateral surface (18) adjacent to the first lateral surface (16), both the first lateral surface (16) and the second lateral surface (18) being inflow surfaces or outflow surfaces and being substantially perpendicular to one another, and a third lateral surface (20 ), which is correspondingly opposite to the first and second lateral surface (16, 18), an outflow surface or an inflow surface and forms an angle with the first lateral surface which is greater than 10 ° and less than 80 °.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for filtering a fluid, in particular air.

State of the art

Particularly in construction and agricultural machinery, engine air filtration is becoming increasingly important. On the one hand, more and more efficient air filters are being used, as higher engine outputs and stricter emission standards require increased air flow through the engine. On the other hand, the number of assemblies installed as standard, such as air conditioning systems, is increasing. This reduces the available space in the vehicle. Finally, there is a desire to make vehicles smaller and lighter, which is also at the expense of the available space.

For use in vehicles that offer little space for filtration purposes, so-called compact air filter with mutually closed channels are generally used, which can be traversed in a straight line, such as in the US2004221555A1 shown. This means that the inflow direction and the outflow direction are parallel and substantially aligned with one another. This is usually achieved in that alternately wavy and smooth layers of filter medium lie on one another and the flow channels thus formed are alternately closed at one end and at the other, so that the medium to be cleaned within the filter body by a layer of filter medium from a channel into a must flow adjacent channel. Often, the air flowing out of the air filter must be deflected depending on the application after flowing through the filter. For this purpose, for example, a pipe bend can be connected downstream of the filter housing. However, such downstream components in turn increase the space requirement of the entire arrangement.

It is an object of the invention to provide a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for filtering a fluid, in particular air, which requires less space with comparable filter performance.

Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved by an exchangeable filter element for a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for the filtration of a fluid, in particular of air, according to claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

The filter element according to the invention has a prismatic basic shape, wherein the mutually parallel base and top surface have a polygonal basic shape. The filter element has according to the polygonal basic shape of the base and top surface at least three lateral surfaces. A first lateral surface is adjacent to a second lateral surface. Both the first lateral surface and the second lateral surface are inflow surfaces. Alternatively, the first lateral surface and the second lateral surface are outflow surfaces. The first lateral surface and the second lateral surface are substantially mutually perpendicular. With essentially an angle range of 80 ° to 100 ° is included. A third lateral surface is, in contrast to the first and second lateral surface, an outflow surface when the first and the second lateral surface are inflow surfaces or the third lateral surface is an inflow surface when the first and second lateral surface are outflow surfaces. The third lateral surface encloses an angle with the first lateral surface which is less than 10 ° and greater than 80 ° and is in particular between 70 ° and 20 °. Particularly preferred are angles such as 45 ° or 60 °.

In the following, the above-mentioned first alternative is described, in which the first and the second lateral surface are inflow surfaces and the third lateral surface is outflow surface. The statements apply mutatis mutandis to the reverse case of the second alternative, in which the first and the second lateral surface are Abströmflächen and the third lateral surface is inflow surface. In the described filter element geometry, as a rule, a lateral surface results as an inflow surface, which is first struck by the main fluid flow. The second lateral surface supports the entry of the fluid into the filter element and increases the inflow area. The fluid flows off via the third lateral surface. Characterized in that the third lateral surface is inclined to the first lateral surface, it is possible for a filter with such a filter element to determine the outflow direction already within the filter housing in the desired manner. An external deflection outside the filter housing, for example by means of a curved Abströmstutzens is no longer necessary. There are thus achieved two advantages. On the one hand results in a significantly enlarged inflow area, which allows better utilization of the filter capacity under certain circumstances. At the same time, the filter geometry according to the invention allows a deflection of the main flow direction within the filter element, whereby the space occupied by the filter space can be optimized, that can be reduced.

According to one embodiment, the polygonal basic shape is a triangle, a quadrangle or a pentagon. Depending on the application, the resulting prismatic basic shape may also have slightly curved lateral surfaces. In addition, an inflow or outflow via the base and / or top surface of the prism can take place.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the filter element has a zigzag folded filter medium. Such a folded filter medium has a high surface area and can be brought into the desired basic shape relatively inexpensively.

An embodiment provides that the folds have outer folding edges, which lie on the first lateral surface and the outer folding edges opposite inner fold edges, which lie on the third lateral surface. There is thus an inflow of the filter element substantially perpendicular to the folded edges. The same applies to the outflow, wherein the third lateral surface is inclined relative to the first lateral surface.

In the described zigzag folding of the filter medium, the folds have at least one end face which comes to rest on the second jacket face. It thus takes place the flow of the filter medium both on the folding edge and on the front side of the fold. The end faces must be designed in this case so that no direct inflow to the clean side of the filter element can take place.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the depth of adjacent folding edges differs and in particular every second fold has the same depth. The different depth of adjacent fold edges allows a bevel of the filter element and thus the formation of the desired geometry.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the folds each have two end faces. One end of the folds lies on the second lateral surface. The other end side of the folds lies on a fourth lateral surface. The second lateral surface is larger than the fourth lateral surface. The fourth lateral surface has more folded edges than the second lateral surface, in particular twice as many. By doubling the folded edges on the fourth lateral surface, it is possible to set and adjust the angle between the third lateral surface and the first lateral surface.

The inventive idea also finds precipitation in a filter with a filter element according to the invention. In such a filter it can be provided that the main flow direction of the filter and the main outflow direction of the filter enclose an angle of more than 30 °, in particular more than 45 °, preferably more than 60 ° and in particular 90 °.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the main flow direction of the filter to the main outflow direction of the filter is parallel and offset. Due to the obliqueness of the outflow surface of the filter element to the inflow surface of the filter element realized by the filter element, a reversal of the main inflow direction to the main outflow direction can take place within the filter such that the main outflow direction encloses an angle with the main inflow direction or is offset by a certain length. This can be realized simply and cost-effectively by means of corresponding outflow openings on the filter.

A likewise advantageous further development of the invention provides a filter with a primary filter element according to the invention and a secondary filter element according to the invention. The design of primary and secondary filter element with a prismatic basic shape creates a particularly large freedom of deflection of the fluid streams in such a filter.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 a perspective view of a filter element according to the invention;

2 an alternative perspective view of a filter element according to the invention;

3 a perspective view of the folding geometry of a filter element according to the invention;

4 a detailed view of the 3 ;

5 an external perspective view of a first embodiment of a filter according to the invention;

6 a sectional view of 5 ;

7 an exploded view of a second alternative embodiment of a filter according to the invention;

8th a perspective top view of the filter element according to the invention of the filter 7 ;

9 a bottom view of the filter element of the invention 8th ;

10 a perspective view of the secondary filter element of the filter of 7 ;

11 an external perspective view of a third embodiment of a filter according to the invention;

12 a sectional view of the filter of 11 and

13 a sectional view of a modification of the filter of 11 with modified outflow area.

Embodiment (s) of the invention

The 1 and 2 show a filter element according to the invention 10 for a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for the filtration of a fluid, in particular of air. 1 shows a schematic external view of the filter element 10 . 2 shows the same geometry in an interior view. The presentation is highly schematic and serves as an illustrative explanation of the inventive concept.

The filter element 10 In the present embodiment, as a basic form, it has a pentagon-based prism. The prism has a base 12 and a deck area 14 on. Floor space 12 and top surface 14 are connected by five lateral surfaces. A first lateral surface 16 and a second lateral surface 18 form inflow surfaces, that is, the fluid to be filtered occurs over the first lateral surface 16 and the second lateral surface 18 in the filter element 10 one. In the present embodiment, a third lateral surface 20 , which of the first lateral surface 16 essentially opposite, provided as an outflow surface.

3 illustrates a folding geometry of a filter element according to the invention 10 , 4 shows a detailed view of 3 , The folding geometry of the filter 10 The result is as follows: It will be a series of first wrinkles 22 generated in the filter medium. These first wrinkles 22 form with their - in the 3 and 4 located at the top - folding edge 24 the first lateral surface 16 , One of the front sides 28 the upper folded edges 24 the first wrinkles 22 forms the second lateral surface 18 , The front ends 28 opposite front side 33 forms a fourth lateral surface 19 , At this fourth lateral surface 19 every other second of the first wrinkles 22 at the lower fold 26 subjected to a counterfolding. In this way, form on the front side 33 second wrinkles 32 which in turn has an upper folding edge 34 exhibit. This top fold 34 the second fold 32 runs - starting at the height of the upper folding edge 24 the first fold 22 - steeply down to the lower fold 26 the first fold 22 , This counter-folding doubles the number of end faces 30 on the fourth lateral surface. At the same time, a slope forms in the filter element 10 through the lower fold edges 26 , By this type of folding can be an oblique discharge surface in the filter element 10 produce. Of course, the actual folding process can be done differently in machine production. The process described here is merely an illustration of the folding geometry. The depth of the fold 22 differs from the depth of the adjacent fold 32 , However, every second folding edge is identical in its geometry and thus also has the same depth.

5 shows an external perspective view of a filter according to the invention 100 , The filter according to the invention 100 has a filter housing 101 on. To the filter housing upstream is a cyclone block 110 appropriate. The filter housing settles in a main filter area 120 and a secondary filter area 130 split. The cyclone block 110 is a coarse separator in the main filter area 120 arranged main filter element 10 upstream. In the cyclone block 110 is a multitude of small individual pre-separator cells 111 connected in parallel in a component also called multi-cyclone block. The one in the cyclone block 110 Pre-separated dust and / or water is through a Staubaustragsstutzen 112 removed from the case. In the secondary filter area 130 is a secondary filter element 11 provided that during maintenance and / or replacement of the main filter element prevents downstream parts of the filter lying in the clean area 100 be polluted.

6 shows the filter 100 of the 5 in a sectional view. This in the main filter section 120 arranged main filter element 10 owns, like to the 1 to 4 explains, a prismatic basic form. In this case, the base or top surface 12 formed as a square. But this is just an example. Other geometries such as a triangle or a pentagon can also be used. In the basic form of a quadrilateral, the upper fold edges extend 34 the second fold 32 - the intermediate folds - consistently from the front side 19 , which forms the fourth lateral surface, to the front side 18 , which forms the second lateral surface.

The main filter element 10 closes downstream of the secondary filter element 11 at. The secondary element 11 also has a prismatic basic shape with a quadrilateral as the base and top surfaces. At the secondary element 11 takes place in contrast to the main filter element 10 the flow over the third lateral surface, that is on the designed as an inclined surface lateral surface. This third lateral surface has the largest Area. The outflow takes place via two lateral surfaces, namely the first and second lateral surface. So it's the secondary element 11 the inflow and outflow surfaces compared to the main filter element 10 reversed. The whole results for the filter 100 a deflection of the main outflow direction Y by 90 ° to the main flow direction X.

7 shows an exploded view of the filter 100 of the 5 and 6 , The filter element housing 101 has a basic body 102 which is essentially the main filter element 10 and the secondary filter element 11 receives. The secondary element 11 takes place in an upstream of the Ausströmstutzens 103 arranged recess 130 of the basic body 102 Space. The main filter element 10 is by means of a correspondingly shaped lid 105 against a sealing seat on the base body 102 pressed, resulting in a seal of the clean side region of the filter housing 101 from the raw side area.

8th shows the main filter element 10 as it is in the filter of 5 to 7 can be used. The filter element 10 has a circumferential sealing surface 122 on, at the bottom of a circumferential seal 123 is appropriate. The seal 123 is in 9 visible, noticeable. The flow of the main filter element 10 takes place over the surfaces 124 and 125 which form the first and second lateral surface of the overall prismatic basic shape. The outflow of the main filter element 10 takes place over the area 126 , as in 9 recognizable. The area 126 thus forms the third lateral surface of the prismatic basic shape. The top and bottom surfaces of which in 8th and 9 only the base area 127 is visible are not provided in the present embodiment for a fluid flow. However, this can of course be realized depending on the design of the filter body.

The main filter element 10 has a plastic frame 128 for holding in the plastic frame 128 located on the filter medium. The filter medium may preferably be realized as a bellows. The plastic frame 128 also offers the option of the sealing surface 122 with the seal 123 to integrate. The seal 123 can for example be designed as sponge rubber. With the present filter element geometry is the seal 123 due to the slope of the outflow surface 126 also with respect to the direction of the force of the housing cover 105 inclined. This is when pressing the seal 123 through the maintenance cover 105 advantageous because possible unevenness or foreign body can be better pressed into the sealing material by the oblique force and thus results in a better sealing effect. In addition, a part of the pressing force in the axial direction, that is, in the main flow direction, deflected, which also offers advantages in terms of sealing effect.

10 shows the secondary filter element 11 , The secondary filter element 11 also has a prismatic basic form. An upstream in the direction of the main filter element 10 oriented lateral surface 131 serves as inflow surface. The lateral surface 131 corresponds to the third lateral surface, but in the present case acts as an inflow surface. The outflow takes place via the first and second lateral surface, of which in the present case only the lateral surface 132 in 10 is visible. The mantle or top surface 133 does not serve as Fluidabströmfläche, but this can be provided in an embodiment of the invention.

The secondary element 11 also has a plastic frame 134 to stabilize the inside of the plastic frame 134 located on the filter medium. On the plastic frame 134 is a seal all around 135 intended. The effective direction of the seal is radial, that is the seal 135 is pressed outside against the filter housing. This offers advantages when introducing the secondary filter element 11 in the filter housing 101 , The seal may for example be made of the material polyurethane (PUR).

The 11 and 12 show an alternative embodiment of a filter according to the invention 100 , In the following description of the embodiment, like reference characters will be used for the same or similar features. Essential distinguishing feature of the embodiment of the 11 and 12 is the modified flow geometry. While in the embodiment of the 5 to 9 the flow of the main filter element primarily over the larger-area first lateral surface 16 is done in the embodiment of the 11 the flow primarily over the second lateral surface 18 solved. Of course, there is also a flow over the first lateral surface 16 , the direct inflow over the cyclone block 110 however, first meets the second lateral surface 18 , Overall, in turn, there is a deflection of the main inflow direction X to the main outflow direction Y by 90 °. At the same time, the space required for the entire filter housing exceeds 101 for the main filter element 10 required space in the main flow direction X only slightly. The outflow via the outlet connection 103 , for which an additional curved pipe element would be necessary in the prior art, takes place substantially below the main filter element 10 and thus claimed no further space in the main flow direction X. This is particularly evident in the sectional view of 12 ,

13 shows the embodiment of the 11 and 12 , wherein the secondary filter area 130 an alternative embodiment. The secondary filter area 130 is designed with regard to its outflow geometry for inline flow. The outflow direction Y is parallel to the direction of flow X. In the present case, the outflow direction Y is arranged perpendicular to the main flow direction offset downwards. In comparison to filter geometries and designs in the prior art, the present embodiment offers the advantage that on the overall length of the main filter element 10 additionally a secondary filter element 11 is housed without the filter housing 101 the length of the main filter element 10 is essentially exceeded. The design of the 13 also illustrates the manufacturing technical advantage of the inventive concept. To realize an in-line flow instead of a 90 ° deflection, it is only necessary that the secondary filter element 11 receiving secondary filter element area 130 remodel. This can be realized, for example, in that the secondary filter element area 130 is designed as a separate component and only when assembling the filter 100 the corresponding assembly is attached, which realizes an in-line flow or a deflection of 90 °.

In all the described embodiments, maintenance and / or removal of the main filter element takes place 10 laterally to the main flow direction X. The secondary element 11 is described in the described embodiments in each case as equipped with an oblique lateral surface prismatic basic shape. Alternatively, the secondary element 11 also have a cuboid basic shape. This could be realized as a flat folded flat element.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2004221555 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Filter element ( 10 ) for a filter, in particular for internal combustion engines, for the filtration of a fluid, in particular air, with a prismatic basic form, wherein the mutually parallel base ( 12 ) and top surface ( 14 ) have a polygonal basic shape, a first lateral surface ( 16 ) and one to the first lateral surface ( 16 ) adjacent second lateral surface ( 18 ), wherein both the first lateral surface ( 16 ) as well as the second lateral surface ( 18 ) are each onflow surfaces or outflow surfaces and are substantially perpendicular to each other, and a third lateral surface ( 20 ), which are correspondingly opposite to the first and second lateral surface ( 16 . 18 ) is an outflow surface or an inflow surface and encloses an angle with the first lateral surface, which is greater than 10 ° and less than 80 °. Filter element according to claim 1, wherein the polygonal basic shape is a triangle, a quadrangle or a pentagon. Filter element according to claim 1 or 2 with a zigzag folded filter medium ( 10 ). Filter element according to claim 3, wherein the folds ( 22 ) outer fold edges ( 24 ), which on the first lateral surface ( 16 ) and the outer fold edges ( 24 ) opposite inner fold edges ( 26 ), which on the third lateral surface ( 20 ) lie. Filter element according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the folds ( 22 ) at least one end face ( 28 ), which on the second lateral surface ( 18 ) lies. Filter element according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the depth of adjacent folding edges ( 34 ) and in particular every other fold ( 22 . 32 ) has the same depth. Filter element according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the folds ( 22 ) two end faces ( 28 . 30 ), wherein the one end face ( 28 ) of wrinkles ( 22 ) on the second lateral surface ( 18 ) and the other end face ( 30 ) of wrinkles ( 22 ) on a fourth lateral surface ( 19 ), wherein the second lateral surface ( 18 ) larger than the fourth lateral surface ( 19 ) and / or the fourth lateral surface ( 19 ) more, in particular twice as many, folding edges ( 34 . 24 ) than the second lateral surface ( 18 ). Filter with a filter element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the main flow direction (X) of the filter ( 101 ) and the main outflow direction (Y) of the filter ( 101 ) include an angle of more than 30 °, in particular more than 45 °, preferably more than 60 °, particularly preferably 90 °. Filter with a filter element according to one of claims 1-7, wherein the main flow direction (X) of the filter ( 100 ) to the main downstream direction (Y) of the filter ( 100 ) is parallel and offset. Filter ( 100 ) with a primary filter element ( 10 ) and a secondary filter element ( 11 ), the primary filter element ( 10 ) and the secondary filter element ( 11 ) are carried out according to one of claims 1-7.

Images