DE202013102414U1 - Multi-component kit for producing a room-filling elastic structural mass as end product - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-component kit for the production of a space-filling, elastic structural mass (1, 10, 110, 210) as a target product, based on at least one component filling the space when a cavity-containing structure (111, 211) is formed, and a component mediating the formation of the cavity-containing structure (111, 211) and a slurry material (117), wherein a dry, free-flowing granulate (112), selected from the group of silicon-containing materials such as quartz sand, quartz trickle (113, 213), gravel, split, glass and silicon carbide, is the space-filling component, the granulate (112) has individual grains (114, 214) and has a grain size of at least 1.2 mm and at most 40 mm, and wherein a binder (116, 216) selected from the group consisting of polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone and silane-terminated polymer , which is the mediating component, characterized in that the individual grains (114, 214) of the granulate (112) with a precoat (115, 215) from an elastic polymer, selected from a group consisting of polysulfide, polysulfide flour, polyurethane, silicone and silane-terminated polymer, are precoated, the precoating (115, 215) of the granules (112) being elastic, so that using the Pre-coating (115, 215) from the pre-coated granulate (112) and the binder (116, 216), i.e. from the space-filling component and from the mediating component, the void-containing structure (111, 211) can be produced and the void-containing structure (111, 211) is space-filling and elastic, the precoated granules (112) having the following properties, namely the granules (114, 214) of the granules (112) are individually and completely encased by the precoating (115, 215), the precoating (115, 215) has a water content of less than 0.1 percent by weight, the pre-coated granulate (112) retains at temperatures of less than 60 ° C. and a relative ive air humidity of less than 10 percent has a shelf life as free-flowing granules (112) with a binding possibility, the pre-coating (115, 215) of the granules (112) remains as one surface of the individual grains upon contact with the binder (116, 216) ( 114, 214) completely enveloping layer, ...

Description

The invention relates to a Mehrkomponentenkit according to the preamble of claim 1 for producing a space-filling, elastic structural mass according to the preamble of claim 11 as a target product. More particularly, it relates to a multicomponent kit consisting of a bulky starting material, a starting material imparting a structure containing cavities, and a slurry material as a starting material, the structure containing cavities being formed of a granule and a binder.

State of the art

Dosage forms of various moldable masses for filling in intermediate spaces are already known from the prior art for various fields of application. Often, sealants are used for a wide variety of chemical-based applications, such as universal and specialty silicones. Frequently, multicomponent sealants are also used in order to facilitate application on site by mixing the components.

An example of an elastic sealant is the description of a multicomponent kit of DE 196 18 537 C1 (Owner: PCI Augsburg GmbH, 86159 Augsburg, filing date: 08.05.1996). The multicomponent kit is used to produce a polyurethane sealant and adhesive. Polyurethane compositions are known for bonding and simultaneous sealing of various substrates and are used, for example, for bonding and simultaneous sealing in mechanical engineering, vehicle construction, shipbuilding and container construction. These compositions are formed from a base component and a hardener component which are mixed shortly before use. The hardener component contains, as the reactive constituent, isocyanate oligomers or isocyanate prepolymers having free NCO groups which react with the OH functions of a polyol or the NH functions of a polyamine in the base component with crosslinking and curing. In addition, additives, such as pigments, can be used. The base component contains 0.1-88 weight percent of one or more monomeric or polymeric polyols and / or polyamines, the hardener component 2.0 to 97.9 weight percent of one or more oligomers or prepolymers. The described components are matched to one another with regard to a chemical reactivity arising during a mixture. Due to the described application in wastewater systems can be assumed that in a Mehrkomponentenkit the document DE 196 18 537 C1 chemical resistance and sealing properties in permanent wet load of sealants and adhesives, but less emphasis on a structural load capacity.

In the published patent application DE 101 48 533 A1 (Applicant: Ed Züblin AG, 70567 Stuttgart, filing date: 01.10.2001) is the sealing of gaps or the filling of cavities in rock or building material described. For this purpose, a homogeneous mixture in the liquid heated state at a temperature of + 100 ° C to + 300 ° C is pressed into the gaps or cavities. The homogeneous mixture consists of a granular solid, such as sand or Aerosil, and a fusible binder. The solid serves in particular to improve the heat storage. The solid and the binder should not decompose on the heat. Hydrolyzable binders such as polyamide or polyester or organic binders such as polyurethane or polysulfone are mentioned in the document DE 101 48 533 A1 mentioned. Hot processing must be done shortly after mixing the components. In the application of the mass cavities or gaps are completely filled in the shape of the surrounding rock. Due to a process step of heating special precautions must be taken into account during processing.

In the European application EP 2 251 076 A2 (Applicant: Gebrüder Dorfner GmbH & Co. Kaolin and Kristallquarzsandwerke KG 92242 Hirschau; Priority: 07.05.2009, DE 10 2009 020 201 ) describes a process for the color-resistant coating of a surface of organic and / or inorganic materials, wherein the organic and / or inorganic materials are in the form of granulate particles. Furthermore, the use of such coated granules is described as a filler in inorganic or organic matrix such as castables and / or composites. Quartz sand can be used as the carrier material of the filler. The granules coated in the process, in particular for coloring, in a preferred embodiment have an average particle diameter of from 0.01 mm to 30 mm and are still recognizable after embedding in polymers. By using a ratio of a binder and a solvent and any added additives, a uniform coating is possible. For example, aryl-containing silicone resins are also used as binder preparations. The production of the connections between the binder and the surface of the granulate particles by means of heat treatment at temperatures between + 200 ° C and + 800 ° C reached. In the publication EP 2 251 076 A2 describes an application of coated granule particles in castables and / or composites as a way of improving their color optical resists on the surface.

The registration letter WO 2012/000773 A1 (Applicant: Construction Research & Technology GmbH, priority: 29.06.2010 EP 2010 0 167 717.7 ) relates to a semi-rigid top layer. This cover layer is said to be a covering suitable for a traffic area such as a road. The covering comprises a porous matrix of an aggregate and a binder based on a reaction resin, wherein the particles of the aggregate are clamped together by the binder based on a reaction resin and the cavities of the porous matrix are filled with a cured inorganic binder. The reaction resin may be, inter alia, polyurethane or epoxide. The aggregate is preferably an aggregate, in particular quartz sand. The porous matrix includes from 15% to 45% by volume of the cured inorganic binder, which binder is to be a hydraulic binder such as cement or sweeping mortar introduced by sweeping. Cavities in the sheet layer should be filled as completely as possible.

The prior art presented above explains many basic relationships to the properties, the influences of the individual substances and the manufacturing methods and the coating options of fillers, sealants and joint materials, which may also apply in the following considerations, unless the invention description a different kind of understanding is.

task

The inventor sought a way to provide a material for producing a structural composition with sealing properties, in other words, for producing a sealant, with the known disadvantages of sealing compounds composed of different parts, as hitherto known from the prior art , Overcome and the handling of the components of the sealant is improved in the merger of the components. With the solution of the problem, a simple, cost-effective and gentle production of structural or sealing compound is to be made possible without the need for elaborate instructions from users or energy-intensive process steps. The applied structural or sealant should also lead to greater satisfaction of the user by their special durability.

invention description

The object of the invention is achieved by a multi-component kit according to claim 1. The object of the invention is further achieved by a space-filling, elastic structural mass according to claim 11. The dependent claims present advantageous developments.

A multicomponent kit comprises a plurality of components, e.g. B. for creating a space-filling elastic structure mass, such as a sealant, are merge. Depending on the application, increased demands are placed on a structural mass, eg. B. in terms of weather resistance or elasticity, especially in seasonal or day-nighttime temperature changes. Effects of sun or rain affect as little as possible the filling property of a mass that is provided by the multi-component kit. Preferably, a high mechanical strength is given in the hardened state. For example, the effects of cornering forces on a roadway, which can act as compression or shear, can be absorbed without damage by a space-filling elastic structural mass. The structural mass which can be applied with the aid of the multicomponent kit has elastic properties. The structural composition is easy to process, in particular for application as grout. Easy processing can often be achieved, in particular when filling narrow joints or cracks, by virtue of the fact that the mass is liquid or viscous and hardens after being introduced in a known time interval. A high mechanical strength or stability can be present through a proportion of a space-filling elastic structural mass of at least one solid, in particular as a space-filling component. The solid is in the form of granules, such as particles or particles, which according to one aspect are also referred to collectively as granules. At least one space-filling component is a solid. Particularly advantageous for mechanical strength and uniform abrasion resistance is a uniform distribution of the solids in the structural mass or the sealant. In a voluminous application of structural mass, which is liquid or viscous processed, is against inhomogenization by sedimentation due to acting on the solid particles Gravity forces to take care of. The solid grains may be incorporated into a uniform structure comprising a distribution which uniformly fills the space in the groove, the crack or the gap.

A multi-component kit enables the creation of an elastic, space-filling structural mass as a target product, wherein a space-filling sealant can also be referred to as a starting product. As a first component, the multicomponent kit has at least one component filling space in a cavity-containing structure. Furthermore, the multicomponent kit as a second component comprises a mediating component in a formed void-containing structure. A third component of the multi-component kit is a slurry material. In one aspect, it is thus advantageous if the multicomponent kit is formed from three starting materials.

Kit means here a compilation of starting materials, substances, substances or in general components, which are usable for the production of a space-filling, elastic structural mass. A kit could also be called a set, for example. The set provides in a singular way, but in summary the individual components, it could also be said sorted, available. Each individual component in the set or kit is already usable per se, ie without the aid of any of the other components of the kit, for example with the aid of other substances not contained in the kit, for use in the production of a structural composition. The compiled in the kit components can be even multi-component systems, the z. B. include several materials that complement each other in their properties. Individual components, such as in the case of 2-component sealing compounds, can only be brought into combination with one another or else form a structural mass. Individual components combined or mixed together can form a compound or even develop their reactive properties, wherein in particular a single component develops a specific benefit only in a composition with other components. A single component is itself, z. B. as an addition, manageable. Each component can be provided independently. A component is marketable in a package or as a bottling product.

The space-filling component is a dry, free-flowing granulate selected from the group of silicon-containing materials. The space-filling component can also be referred to as a shaping component, structuring or structure-forming component or the like. Frequently, the space-filling component is also referred to as an additive, filler or filler. A space-filling component is also understood as meaning a solid which may have a porosity, the space occupied by the space-filling component being only partially filled. The porosity may be assigned cavities or a surface roughness that can be introduced with the space-filling component. A space-filling component, based on its properties, can also be referred to as a plastic material. After a space filling gaps may remain in the space-filling component, which can be reduced to a dense package.

Among the group of siliceous materials that are suitable as a space-filling component include quartz sand, quartz trickle, gravel, split, glass and silicon carbide. The granules have individual, unconnected grains. A particle size range of the granules can be specified. The granules can be described inter alia by its granulation or granulation. The grain size can be coarse, medium, fine or very fine. The grain size can be assigned to a grain size range by means of the indication of the diameter of the grains. A granulation or grain size of the grains is in a size range with the smallest and largest grains. A favorable size range of the grains or granules, d. H. So the grain size, extends from a diameter of at least 1.2 mm to a diameter of at most 40 mm per grain.

The mediating component is a binder. Suitable binders are u. a. Polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone and silane-terminated polymers. Acrylate, acrylate copolymer or MS hybrid polymer can also be advantageously used in a sealant. Two binders can also be combined in a multi-component kit in order to increase a binding effect. The mediating component can, in one aspect, take on the task of connecting the individual granules of the granules; It also represents, so to speak, an inclusion mass with which, in particular, cavities are partially closed. The binder takes on a further aspect, the task of connecting the individual grains of the granules together or to glue together. The binder may also have the property of an adhesive, an adhesive or an adhesive. The binder determines an arrangement of the granules of the granules to each other.

From the space-filling component and the mediating component, a cavity-containing structure can be formed, which is also known as a porous matrix, framework, grain skeleton, grain skeleton, skeleton, Grain structure, support matrix or the like can be called. A void-containing structure has a volume size containing a gas such as air. The formation of the cavity-containing structure enables a predeterminable arrangement or a uniform distribution of the space-filling component. The space-filling component is preferably arranged between the cavities of the cavity-containing structure. The mediating component is preferably disposed between the cavities of the void-containing structure. The void-containing structure is an intermediate product, which is sludge material, also referred to as encapsulation material, casting compound or potting compound, is einschmammable or fillable. It can also be said that the cavities of the cavity-containing structure are at least partially fillable. The sludge material may also be referred to as filler material.

A space-filling, elastic structural mass can be produced with multicomponent kit according to the invention. A space-filling, elastic structural mass is a mass with which a space, such as a volume, can be filled at least partially. A structural mass also has a shaping property. A shape occupied by the structural mass is stable. Furthermore, a shape of the structural mass is elastically changeable. A multi-component kit is useful for providing sealant, flooring, structural, modeling, grout, general composite, composite sealant, composite, or the like.

According to the invention, the multicomponent kit for producing the space-filling, elastic structural mass has components which improve the applicability of the structural mass. The assembly of the at least three components in the multi-component kit allows tuning of the properties of the structural mass to the stress requirements of an application. Furthermore, the multi-component kit can be portioned in at least one bucket or a sack, preferably in a container, such as a bucket or a sack, for each component for a particularly spatially limited application.

The elastic properties of the mass produced from a multicomponent kit are based on at least one elastic property of at least one of the components used to produce the composition. Also, the resulting intermediates in the processing can have advantageous elastic properties. Particularly advantageous is a space-filling component, in particular by a compound of a solid, such as a plastic, hard or brittle material, having elastic properties with an elastic material. An elastic material is yielding against deformation forces and forms after stopping the deformation forces an initial shape. The elasticity of the space-filling component is uniform due to the bonding of the elastic properties of the individual, substantially plastic grains, z. B. in joints, be moved. The elastic properties of the structure-forming component are present through a pre-coating of the granules. With the precoated granules, a structure containing cavities, in particular in combination with a binder can be formed. Preferably, a polymer pre-coated granule is used. The polymer is an elastic polymer. The structure-forming component comprises a granulate. Each grain is enclosed by an elastic cloth. The cavity-containing structure is preferably a grain skeleton. The coated granules are already prepared before processing and can be stored until they are processed. The multicomponent kit is preferably storable for at least several days. A storable component can be stored for at least one week, preferably for at least one month, without any deterioration. The multicomponent kit can be stored independently of oxygen, whereby it undergoes no deterioration, in particular the elastic coating, due to the presence of oxygen. At the same time, due to the elastic properties of the space-filling component, the precoated granules, the hollow-structure-containing structure formed from the space-filling component and the mediating component would also be elastic. This cavity-containing structure can also be easily processed as an intermediate product, for example introduced into intermediate spaces. The granules of the precoated granules are mutually movable and preferably connect to each other. Due to the separability of the grains and small spaces, which have a dimension such as a coated grain size, fillable.

The individual grains of the dry, free-flowing granules are coated with a precoating. The precoating of the granules is such that, using the precoating of the precoated granules and the binder, ie from the space-filling component and from the mediating component, the cavity-containing structure can be produced. An average pitch of the grains of the granules is preferably twice the average radius of the coated grains and more preferably less than or equal to twice a maximum radius of the coated grains. The cavity-containing structure is space-filling and elastic. The pre-coating of the granules is elastic. The pre-coating may consist of at least one elastic polymer. The elastic polymer may consist of polysulfide, polysulfide flour, polyurethane, silicone or silane-terminated polymer.

A fabric, such as a void-containing structure, is elastic when compressed or bent or stretched. If the force subsides, the material returns to its old form. Elastic material can be bent. When released, it springs back. For example, flexible, bendable, resilient materials can be elastic. With the property "elastic" can also be called the flexibility of the material. Flexibility is understood to mean that a material returns to its original shape even after repeated bending. In the present case, a flexible material also means a flexible material.

Polysulfide flour may be understood as initially cured, subsequently ground polysulfide. In principle, any other hardening polymer to flour, also referred to as gum, is processable and useful as an elastic polymer. Typically, a warm milling takes place. Typical grain or particle sizes of polysulfide or rubber powders are less than 500 microns. However, other particle sizes may also be present in a pre-coating.

• • Die Mehrzahl der Körner des Granulates ist jeweils von der Vorbeschichtung einzeln und vollständig ummantelt.
• • Die Vorbeschichtung weist einen Wasseranteil von weniger als 0,1 Gewichtsprozent bezogen auf 100% Gewicht der Vorbeschichtung, insbesondere bezogen auf 100% Gewicht des Granulates auf.
• • Das vorbeschichtete Granulat behält bei Temperaturen von weniger als +60°C und einer relativen Luftfeuchte von weniger als 10 Prozent eine Lagerfähigkeit als rieselfähiges Granulat mit einer Bindemöglichkeit, wobei insbesondere eine Klebekraft ausbildbar ist.
• • Die Vorbeschichtung des Granulats stellt auch bei Kontakt mit dem Bindemittel weiterhin eine eine Oberfläche der einzelnen Körner vollständig einhüllende Schicht dar. Die Vorbeschichtung wird durch das Bindemittel nicht abgebaut, aufgelöst oder abgelöst.
• • Die Vorbeschichtung des Granulates hat bei Kontakt mit dem Bindemittel bei Umgebungstemperaturen von weniger als +60°C, insbesondere von weniger als +25°C und einer relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit von mehr als 10 Prozent Adhäsionseigenschaften.
• • Bei Umgebungstemperaturen von weniger als +60°C, insbesondere von weniger als +25°C und einer relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit von mehr als 10 Prozent liegt eine Klebkraft von mehr als 5 N/25 mm nach frühestens 5 Minuten vor.

The precoated granules according to the invention have, inter alia, the following properties:

• • The majority of the grains of the granules are individually and completely encased by the precoating.
• The pre-coating has a water content of less than 0.1 percent by weight, based on 100% weight of the pre-coating, in particular based on 100% weight of the granules.
• • At temperatures below + 60 ° C and a relative humidity of less than 10%, the pre-coated granules retain their shelf life as free-flowing granules with a bonding ability, in which an adhesive force can be formed in particular.
• The pre-coating of the granules, even when in contact with the binder, continues to be a layer completely enveloping a surface of the individual grains. The precoating is not degraded, dissolved or detached by the binder.
• • The pre-coating of the granules has adhesive properties at ambient temperatures of less than + 60 ° C, in particular less than + 25 ° C and a relative humidity of more than 10%, on contact with the binder.
• • At ambient temperatures of less than + 60 ° C, in particular less than + 25 ° C and a relative humidity of more than 10%, a bond strength of more than 5 N / 25 mm shall occur after 5 minutes at the earliest.

A connection bonding is also understood as the formation of adhesion, with two adjoining layers forming an interaction with one another. An adhesive force is understood to mean a force which is necessary in order to separate an area size of an adhesive bond between two objects, in particular two bodies or two layers. A measure of an adhesive force, based on a 25 mm wide glued strip, is customary, the force being determined in order to strip the strip from an associated adhesive surface. If the adhesive force is less than a resistance of the coating, the adhesive force may also be referred to as a breaking strength. The adhesive force of 5 N / 25 mm can z. B. after 10 minutes. If the adhesive force is present after 30 minutes, a longer processing of the granules, in particular also for filling a room with pockets or chambers, is possible. A gradually increasing adhesive force can, for. B. reach a maximum value of 10 N / 25 mm. According to another aspect, the formation of an adhesive force of 5 N / 25 mm or more than 5 N / 25 mm may be increased by more than 10% by specifying temperature and relative humidity, in particular outside specified value ranges, such as a relative humidity of less than 10% 5 minutes, z. By 30 minutes, from a time of addition of the binder to be delayed in time. With these properties, the granules remain with pre-coating and without binder free-flowing and dry. At temperatures of less than + 60 ° C and a relative humidity of less than 10 percent, the shelf life is preserved as a free-flowing granules with the ability of unfolding the adhesive force. The granules remain storable and processable in compliance with the specifications in the storage. Processability means that the suitability for forming the void-containing structure is present together with the binder, the binder acting as a facilitating component or as a bond-initiating component under ambient conditions, i. H. without the aid of a heater, acts.

With a contact of the binder to the precoated granules, the cavity-containing structure is fixable. The binder can already be used at ambient temperatures, forming the cavity-containing structure of the multicomponent kit. By ambient temperatures it is meant that the void-containing structure forms at temperatures of less than + 60 ° C, more preferably less than + 25 ° C, and preferably a relative humidity of more than 10 percent. Particularly energy-efficient is a binder that has an effectiveness without heat or heating. The Cavity-containing structure is formed by the adhesion of the precoated granules, mediated by the binder. The adhesion of two bodies to each other or to another aspect of the surfaces of two bodies with each other may also be referred to as adhesion and is also known as adhesive strength, typically for adhesives. The adhesion may also be due to the existence of chemical bonds, with a bond being terminated by the binder. When forming the cavity-containing structure at ambient temperatures, the binder adheres with an adhesive force of more than 5 N / 25 mm after at least 5 minutes at the precoating of the granules. In other words, the individual granules, mediated by the binder, stick together with an adhesive force of more than 5 N / 25 mm after at least 5 minutes at the earliest. The property of the binder thus described contributes to avoiding the step of heating in the production of the space-filling, elastic structural mass.

The sludge material is a polymer-containing mortar. By the term polymer-containing mortar is meant chemical compounds such as polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone, silane-terminated polymer and flexibilized epoxy-polyurethane-acrylate resin. Epoxy resins which can be used as sludge material, for example, but also unsaturated polyester resins, polyureas and urethane resins, belong to the so-called reaction resins. Reaction resins are liquid or semi-liquid resins which cure on the basis of polymerization or polyaddition reaction. The solidification or bonding can be promoted by the addition of a catalyst.

The sludge material can also be referred to as room-filling, elastic structural mass. The space-filling, elastic structure mass is according to another aspect, a sealant. The slurry material is such that it can be introduced into the cavities of the void-containing structure formed from the precoated granules and the binder. In principle, a liquid or in the form of dry powder present sludge material can be used, which can be added later with liquid, such as water and slurried. However, it is particularly advantageous if the sludge material is liquid, so that it can be introduced directly into the cavities of the void-containing structure formed from the precoated granules and the binder. The sludge material can immediately, d. H. without further work, wet the entire accessible surface of the cavities of the cavity-containing structure. The void-filling slurrying material assumes a hardened state in the vicinity of the coated granules and the binder. The cured state is a state of inhibited flowability which has occurred by an increase in a viscosity of a flowable material. The sludge material is elastic in the cured state. Elasticity means, inter alia, a formability without the formation of cracks or fractures.

The space-filling, elastic structural mass consists of at least one component filling space in the formation of a cavity-containing structure, a component which mediates formation of the cavity-containing structure, and a sludge material as starting materials. According to the invention, the space-filling, elastic structural mass is composed of the starting materials of a multicomponent kit. The structural mass is present in a sealing joint. In the sealing joint, the structural mass is cured as the sealing joint adapted, space-filling form. The cured structural mass is in the sealing joint with elastic recovery of the sealing joint, starting from a deformation of the sealing joint form-fitting manner. A gap is a space that, in one aspect, may also be referred to as a slot or a gap.

The nature of the starting materials of the multicomponent kit allows the preparation of the space-filling, elastic structural mass by mixing the precoated granules with the binder in a first step and the slurrying of the resulting structure containing cavities with the Schlämmmaterial in a second step. The slurry material is liquid and can enter the cavities of the formed structure, where it hardens after contact with the pre-coated granule and binder structure and is elastic in the cured state. The target product is a structural mass that is space-filling due to the granulate. The elastic properties of the space-filling structure mass are achieved, inter alia, by the fact that the precoating of the granules in the cavity-containing structure is elastic and thus also the structure has elastic properties. The sludge material is also elastic after curing in the cavities of the structure formed, so that the target product as a whole is elastic.

For various applications, the shaping of the space-filling, elastic structural mass as well as its properties relevant for processing and also for mechanical resistance can be favorably influenced by means of the selectable individual components of the multicomponent kit, in particular via their mechanical and chemical properties.

In the following, advantageous embodiments and developments are set forth which, taken individually, can also reveal inventive aspects in combination as well.

The granules of the granules of the multi-component kit can be a mixture of different sizes with a maximum sieving line of 40 mm. A grading curve is a graphical representation of the grain of a soil, such as clay, sand, gravel or debris. It is determined by sieves of different mesh size, the grain sizes of DIN 4022 . DIN 1045 and DIN 18196 correspond. Shown is a mass fraction collected in each sieve. A mixture with a certain grading curve contains grains or particles that can pass through a mesh of known size, ie smaller in diameter than this size. By choosing a maximum grading curve, on the one hand, large forces can be absorbed by the granules and, on the other hand, a resistance to deformation can be increased.

Polymers, in particular the polymers mentioned by way of example, can be used in the precoating of the granules as binders or else as sludge material. A polymer is a substance in which a large number of individual molecular units, also referred to as monomers, are linked to form large molecules or macromolecules. Silane-terminated polymer (SMP) is understood here to mean a polymer with silane as a substituent of a terminal OH group. Polymers may in principle be thermosets, thermoplastics, elastomers or thermoplastic elastomers. Thermosets, also called thermosets, are plastics that can not be deformed after they have hardened, such as phenolic and melamine resins, epoxy and polyester resins. Thermoplastics are, for example, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The term elastomers covers all materials that have rubber-elastic properties. Elastomers are dimensionally stable, but elastically deformable plastics whose glass transition point is below room temperature. Elastomers are also plastics which are glassy at low temperatures, below 0 ° C, and which are at room temperature, for. B. + 20 ° C, behave elastically. Elastomers are, for example, synthetic rubbers such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), but may also be polysulfide rubber (SR). Rubber is generally the name for a crosslinkable, d. H. vulcanizable polymer from which crosslinking, d. H. Vulcanizing, elastomers can be produced. The term rubber is also used for crosslinked, ie vulcanized elastomers. Thermoplastic elastomers or linear elastomers (TPE) are plastics that behave at room temperature comparable to the classic elastomers. Under heat, thermoplastic elastomers can be plastically, d. H. in particular dimensionally stable, deform, which is also referred to as a thermoplastic behavior. For example, copolyesters, polyether block amides, or olefin-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPO) may be thermoplastic elastomers.

The precoating of the granules of the multicomponent kit may include polysulfide polymer such as polysulfide rubber. The precoating of the granules of the multicomponent kit can have vulcanizing properties. The vulcanizing properties can be present at less than + 20 ° C., in particular at less than + 10 ° C. or at less than 0 ° C. By vulcanization is meant a crosslinking process in which, with the application of heat, a material changes from a plastic to an elastic state. In the elastic state, a shape of the material follows a change in size of a mechanical force applied to the material. This elastic properties can be adapted to specific applications.

The precoating of the grains of the granules has a predefinable layer thickness, which in particular complies with a minimum value of 1 mm. The granules in the granules of the multi-component kit may have a precoating with a layer thickness of more than 1 mm. The layer thickness extends z. B. radially in a spherical grain or in a normal direction to an even facet in a grain having a surface faceted, crystal-like surface. The layer thickness can be approximately the same thickness for all grains of the granules, d. H. in particular, the layer thickness of the grains has a standard deviation of not more than 10% of a dimension of the grain, preferably not more than 10% of an average layer thickness of the precoating, in particular of the granules.

The precoating of the granules of the multicomponent kit may have an expansion coefficient of less than 2 × 10 ^-4 K ^-1 . The coefficient of expansion or coefficient of thermal expansion is a parameter which describes the behavior of a substance with regard to changes in its dimensions in the case of temperature changes and is therefore often called the thermal expansion coefficient. The responsible effect is the thermal expansion. The thermal expansion depends on the substance used, so it is a material-specific material constant. Because the thermal expansion in many If substances are not uniformly distributed over all temperature ranges, the coefficient of thermal expansion itself is also temperature-dependent and is therefore specified for a specific reference temperature or a specific temperature range. In a preferred embodiment, the expansion coefficient of the precoating of the granules at temperatures of up to + 60 ° C less than 2 × 10 ^-4 K ^-1 . Thus, the force that is exerted by thermal expansion of the precoat of the granules in a joint on a joint wall, limited. In particular, possible bulging of a cavity-containing structure out of a joint is kept as low as possible during heating of the joint.

• • Das Bindemittel des Mehrkomponentenkits kann flüssig sein.
• • Das Schlämmmaterial des Mehrkomponentenkits kann flüssig sein
• • Die Viskosität kann bei +20°C weniger als 15 Pas sein.

The components required in addition to the precoated granules as the space-filling component in the multicomponent kit for producing the space-filling elastic structural mass are the binder and the sludge material, which in particular may have the following particularly advantageous properties:

• • The binder of the multi-component kit can be liquid.
• • The sludge material of the multi-component kit can be liquid
• • The viscosity can be less than 15 Pas at + 20 ° C.

As a result, both components are particularly easy to work. The binder is easy to mix with the precoated granules, in particular to mix homogeneously. In addition, wetting of the surface, in particular the entire surface of the precoated granules with the binder is favored. A limited viscosity of the Schlämmmaterials, z. For example, if it does not exceed 100 Pas, it may contribute to easy incorporation of the slurry material into the cavities of the cavity-containing structure.

The multicomponent kit can be configured by a packaging, in particular in portion size, of the individual components, so that a proper assembly of the components without carrying out weighing or volume measurements is possible. The precoated grains of the granules, the binder and also the sludge material of the multicomponent kit can each be packed separately. The individual components can be packed airtight and / or watertight. The packaging may consist of buckets, in particular chemical-resistant plastic buckets, sacks, in particular chemical-resistant plastic bags, bottles or canisters, in particular of chemical-resistant material. The precoated grains of the granules of the multicomponent kit can be packed in handy 25 kg portions. In a preferred embodiment, the sizes of the individual containers of the components of the multi-component kit are matched to one another so that on-site portioning is not necessary. The provision of the multicomponent kit takes place in the mixing ratio suitable for the production of the space-filling elastic structural mass. The packaged components can be stored, especially for more than 1 year at temperatures up to + 60 ° C. Shelf life means that the reactive or chemical and mechanical properties of the respective component are retained. After expiry of a storage period, the multicomponent kit is suitable for producing a space-filling, elastic structural mass. Because the packaged components are storable and already prepared, for example precoated, a structural mass can be produced in a minimal number of work steps, in particular in only 2 work steps, preferably within 60 minutes, in particular before a run of 15 minutes. This facilitates the transport to a place of application of the space-filling elastic structural mass and enables its economical use, in particular while avoiding losses due to the hardening of excess quantities.

Also advantageous is the formation of a grain skeleton as cavity-containing structure of the precoated granules and the binder. This grain skeleton can enable a desired property, for example a specific density of the granule pack, for the target product, the space-filling, elastic structural mass. The elastic properties of the precoated granules can thereby contribute to the granular packing of the formed grain skeleton being particularly dense. The grain skeleton may preferably have a void content of 10 percent by volume. The grain skeleton may have a void content of 50% by volume or less. The volume is based on 100% of a fillable space, such as a joint. The adhesive properties of the precoated granules and of the binder are preferably sufficient to form a grain skeleton from these two components, which remains coherent even under the effect of the intrinsic weight of the grain skeleton. From the space-filling component and the mediating component of a grain skeleton can be produced, which is further processed. For example, the grain skeleton may be cut before further processing, such as adding a flux or a conductive agent, in particular to provide protection against electrostatic charging. From the space-filling component and the mediating component of the multicomponent kit could thus the grain skeleton, for example, as an intermediate, made before fitting into joints accurately and stored as a dry grain skeleton. Due to its elastic properties, the dry grain framework can be used in joints space filling be introduced. The slurrying of the grain skeleton can be carried out with the further component of the kit, the sludge material. Dry here means that the granules of the precoated granules were, mediated by the binder, connected and the resulting grain skeleton has no later than 60 minutes, especially after 5 minutes, at room temperature, ie, for example, + 25 ° C, a water content of less than 0, 1 weight percent, based on the weight of the grain skeleton.

The multicomponent kit is in one aspect the basis for providing an application-compliant space-filling, elastic structural mass. The space-filling, elastic structure mass can be homogeneous. The homogeneity of the space-filling elastic structure mass can be achieved, for example, by forming the space-filling component with the mediating component a grain skeleton in which the individual grains are uniformly distributed. The space-filling elastic structure mass can also be isotropic. Isotropic means that there is no preferred direction of the distribution. In a volume element, which z. B. comprises ten times a grain size along a spatial axis, in each spatial direction is a similar density of granules, which has no increase, in particular along a direction of a gravity effect. A spatially uniform distribution of the space-filling component, in particular the granular particles or grains in the target product, namely the space-filling, elastic structural mass can be ensured. For example, the grains may be evenly distributed over the entire height and width of the structural mass.

The space-filling, elastic structural mass can be used as a flexible, elastic sealant for filling expansion joints, especially in mineral structures. Mineral structures may be, for example, natural rock, asphalt or concrete. The space-filling, elastic structure mass can serve as a flexible, elastic sealant for closing movement joints. Fugues which can advantageously be filled with the structural composition can be formed between plastic, between the mineral structures and metal, between the plastic and metal or between metals. A movement joint, expansion joint or dilatation joint is a joint for interrupting components in order to prevent stress cracks, for example due to thermal expansion of an extended component. Cracks can also be caused by different expansion properties of used materials of a component or a combination of components, for example by thermal expansion or elongation by moisture absorption, or load-induced changes in length, so-called creep. By means of a gap filled with a space-filling, elastic structural mass, the forces arising in or on a component, which can also be referred to as constraints, are absorbed elastically and discharged without damage. In extreme cases, constraints can lead to the destruction of components. Typical application areas for movement joints are bridges, transitions of road coverings or in general floor coverings or joints in railroad tracks, such as grooved rails, or on tram rails. Joint fillers in traffic areas are subject to technical test regulations, including the TP Fug-StB 01. The space-filling, elastic structural mass described here preferably complies with these test specifications.

The elasticity or else the flexibility of the precoated granulate, the cavity-containing structure and the target product, namely the space-filling, elastic structural mass or sealant, together with further material properties, such as a hardness, a strength or generally a mechanical resistance, which by the granule component , such as Quarzriesel, to a further improvement of the material property of the space-filling, elastic structural mass. The grain size and the density of the cavity-containing structure, in particular the density of the grain skeleton favor a versatile application of the mass as a sealant for movement joints. Even larger joints that extend in at least ten times the grain size in one direction, such as a width of the joint, can be closed with the forming space filling component, the granules, and the formation of a dense grain package in particular. Movement joints retain their stability on the one hand elastic, flexible, on the other hand shaping, space-filling components even with greater depth and width. Expansion joints can have a width of more than 10 mm and a depth of more than 20 mm. The flexible, elastic, space-filling sealant forms the structural mass. The structural mass makes it possible to compensate for changes in position of at least two bodies forming the movement joint. The sealant or the structural mass preferably has a low thermal expansion with an expansion coefficient of less than 2 × 10 ^-4 K ^-1 . The space-filling, elastic structure mass may in particular be a flexible, elastic sealing means for the production of expansion joints in railway tracks or also for smoothing joints on rails, which are embedded in a Bithumendecke or in a concrete ceiling. Railway rails, in particular grooved rails usually have a available width of at least 40 mm and a depth of at least 30 mm.

• • Eine Beständigkeit gegen Abrieb kann vorliegen, wobei vorzugsweise eine Abtragung der Materialoberfläche, insbesondere durch Reibung, nicht oder nur geringfügig erfolgt. Eine große Härte kann vorliegen, insbesondere indem das elastische Material einer mechanischen Krafteinwirkung einen hohen Widerstand entgegensetzt. Eine hohe Druckbeständigkeit kann vorliegen, wobei insbesondere der Widerstand, den eine Substanz, die auch als Material zu bezeichnen ist, gegen angewendete Drücke oder auch gegen angewendete Druckänderungen leistet, zumindest über einen bekannten Zeitraum keine Verschlechterung der Substanz bewirkt. Derartige Eigenschaften können durch die sogenannte Shore-Härte bemessen werden. Die Shore-Härte ist eine Kennzahl, die vorwiegend für Elastomere und gummielastische Polymere eingesetzt wird. Sie wird in einem Verfahren ermittelt, bei welchem ein Eindringkörper, auch als Indenter zu bezeichnen, beispielsweise ein federbelasteter Stift aus gehärtetem Stahl, mit einer vorgegebenen Kraft in ein Polymer gedrückt wird. Die Eindringtiefe ist ein Maß für die Werkstoffhärte. Die mit diesem Verfahren ermittelte Shore-Härte kann A, C oder D betragen. Für die Ermittlung der Shore-Härtekennwerte wurde eine Skala eingeführt, die von 0 Shore, entsprechend 2,5 mm Eindringtiefe, wobei der Indenter ohne Widerstand maximal eindringt, bis 100 Shore, entsprechend 0 mm Eindringtiefe, reicht. Der Skalenwert 100 entspricht einem maximalen Widerstand des Werkstoffs gegenüber dem Eindringen. Eine typische Shore-Härte ist für die hier beschriebenen Elastomere A oder ein Härtekennwert von mehr als 10, insbesondere zumindest 20, bei Raumtemperatur, d. h. einer Temperatur von +25°C.
• • Eine hohe Dehnung oder Dehnbarkeit der Dichtmasse ist insbesondere eine bei einem physikalischen Test von Gummi wichtige Materialeigenschaft. Diese ist vorteilhaft bei großen Zugbelastungen einer Fuge. Eine Zugfestigkeit, die einem Vermögen eines Materials, einer Dehnungsbeanspruchung zu widerstehen, entspricht, ist vorteilhaft, wenn Zugkräfte über eine Fuge hinweg übertragen werden sollen. Eine hohe Deformation, also eine Veränderung der Form eines Materials durch Zug oder Druck, ist für ein Elastomer vorteilhaft, welches als Dichtmasse hohe und insbesondere wechselnde Dehnungsauslenkungen aufnehmen muss. Bei Fugenmassen können derartige Materialeigenschaften als eine zulässige Gesamtverformung beschrieben werden. Bei hier beschriebenen Elastomeren beträgt die zulässige Gesamtverformung vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 25% der Fugenbereite, ermittelt bei einer Temperatur von +10°C.
• • Eine hohe Rückprallelastizität der Dichtmasse ist insbesondere eine spezielle Art von Elastizität. Rückprallelastizität kann als die Energie bezeichnet werden, welche z. B. von einem vulkanisierten Kautschuk aufgebracht wird, wenn er plötzlich aus einem Stadium der Deformation befreit wird. Eine Bewertung ist anhand des Dehn-Spannungswertes möglich, wonach ein verwendetes Material für 100% Dehnung zumindest 0,3 N/mm² bei +23°C aufbringt.
• • Eine Materialdichte, also das Verhältnis der Masse eines Körpers zu seinem Volumen, kann bei vorliegenden Komponenten mehr als 1,5 g/cm³ bei Temperaturen von +5°C und bis zu +40°C betragen. Damit kann ein Aufschwimmen des Materials vermieden werden.
• • Eine hohe Witterungs- und Alterungsbeständigkeit, also insbesondere eine Veränderung der chemischen oder physikalischen Eigenschaften und ein bekannter, mehrjährige Zeitraum des Fortschreitens der Veränderung, möglicherweise bis zum Zerfall, kann in einer raumfüllenden elastischen Strukturmasse verwirklicht sein. Die Beständigkeit kann nach einem Aspekt damit beschrieben werden, dass die einzelnen Komponenten des Kits lagerfähig sind. Weiterhin ist vorzugsweise auch das Zielprodukt, nämlich die raumfüllende, elastische Strukturmasse, witterungs- und altersbeständig. Beispielsweise kann ein Zielprodukt bei Temperaturen von –30°C bis zu +160°C über mehr als 1 Jahr, ohne fortschreitende Veränderung der chemischen oder physikalischen Eigenschaften und insbesondere ohne Zerfall, beständig sein. Die Kältebeständigkeit ist ein Maß für die Widerstandsfähigkeit eines Elastomers beim Biegen, Verdrehen oder Zusammenpressen bei Temperaturen von z. B. –20°C bis zu –80°C. Vorzugsweise liegt eine Kältebeständigkeit bis zumindest –20°C, insbesondere für die einzelnen Komponenten vor. Eine Kältebeständigkeit von weniger als –80°C ist möglich. Vorzugsweise liegt eine Kältebeständigkeit der raumfüllenden, elastischen Strukturmasse vor. Eine hohe Materialermüdungsresistenz für die einzelnen Komponenten, aber auch die raumfüllende, elastische Strukturmasse besagt, dass bei einer Anwendung, z. B. als Fugenmasse für Eisenbahnschienen, frühestens nach 5 Jahren erste Anzeichen einer Materialermüdung auftreten können. Materialermüdung liegt vor, wenn ein elastisches Material durch ständige Belastung schlaff und erschöpft wird. Ein weiterer Aspekt einer Materialermüdung kann eine erhöhte Sprödigkeit sein. Die Sprödigkeit, d. h. die Tendenz eines Materials bei Deformation zu brechen oder zu zerbröckeln, kann für die einzelnen Komponenten, aber auch die raumfüllende, elastische Strukturmasse im Falle einer Anwendung im Außenbereich, speziell als Fugenmasse für Eisenbahnschienen, innerhalb der ersten 5 Jahre verneint werden.

In addition to properties already described, such as the vulcanizing properties, the elasticity or the adhesion properties, the components used in the present case for producing a space-filling, elastic structural composition, in particular due to the combination of the components, can have further advantageous properties. Advantageous properties result for example from the material properties of the precoating of the granules, the binder or the sludge material. There may be chemical properties, such as a catalyzable reactivity or physical properties, such as a modulus of elasticity, wherein a ratio of a modulus of elasticity of a precoat, a binder and also a slurry to a modulus of elasticity of a space-filling, elastic structural mass may be greater than one. Components which are intended for use in a multicomponent kit for producing a space-filling, elastic structural mass can have a coordinated elasticity. The components that are assembled in the multicomponent kit may be an elastomer in the precoating of the granulate, the binder and the sludge material. The elastomers used may, inter alia, have the following properties. Furthermore, the target product, namely the space-filling, elastic structural mass can also have the following properties:

• • A resistance to abrasion may be present, wherein preferably a removal of the material surface, in particular by friction, is not or only slightly. A high degree of hardness may be present, in particular in that the elastic material offers a high resistance to a mechanical force. A high pressure resistance may be present, in particular, the resistance, the substance, which is also called a material, against applied pressures or against applied pressure changes, at least over a known period causes no deterioration of the substance. Such properties can be measured by the so-called Shore hardness. The Shore hardness is a key figure that is mainly used for elastomers and rubber-elastic polymers. It is determined in a process in which an indenter, also referred to as an indenter, for example, a spring-loaded pin made of hardened steel, is pressed with a predetermined force in a polymer. The penetration depth is a measure of the material hardness. The Shore hardness determined by this method can be A, C or D. To determine the Shore hardness characteristics, a scale was introduced, ranging from 0 Shore, corresponding to 2.5 mm penetration depth, whereby the indenter penetrates without resistance, up to 100 Shore, corresponding to 0 mm penetration depth. The scale value 100 corresponds to a maximum resistance of the material to penetration. A typical Shore hardness is for the elastomers A described herein or a hardness index of more than 10, in particular at least 20, at room temperature, ie a temperature of + 25 ° C.
• • A high elongation or extensibility of the sealant is particularly important in a physical test of rubber material property. This is advantageous for large tensile loads of a joint. A tensile strength equivalent to a material's ability to withstand strain is beneficial when transferring tensile forces across a joint. A high deformation, ie a change in the shape of a material by tension or pressure, is advantageous for an elastomer which has to absorb high and, in particular, alternating expansion deflections as the sealing compound. In the case of joint compounds, such material properties can be described as a permissible overall deformation. For elastomers described herein, the maximum allowable deformation is preferably not more than 25% of the joint width determined at a temperature of + 10 ° C.
• • A high resilience of the sealant is in particular a special type of elasticity. Rebound resilience may be referred to as the energy which z. B. is applied by a vulcanized rubber when it is suddenly released from a stage of deformation. An evaluation is possible on the basis of the tensile stress value, according to which a material used for 100% elongation applies at least 0.3 N / mm ² at + 23 ° C.
• • A material density, ie the ratio of the mass of a body to its volume, can be more than 1.5 g / cm ³ at temperatures of + 5 ° C and up to + 40 ° C for present components. Thus, a floating of the material can be avoided.
• • A high weathering and aging resistance, ie in particular a change in the chemical or physical properties and a known, multi-year period of progression of the change, possibly to disintegration, can be realized in a space-filling elastic structure mass. The durability can be described in one aspect by the fact that the individual components of the kit are storable. Furthermore, preferably, the target product, namely the space-filling, elastic structural mass, weather and age-resistant. For example, a target product may be stable at temperatures from -30 ° C to + 160 ° C for more than 1 year, with no progressive change in chemical or physical properties, and in particular, no decay. The cold resistance is a measure of the resistance of an elastomer during bending, twisting or compression at temperatures of z. From -20 ° C to -80 ° C. Preferably, a cold resistance to at least -20 ° C, in particular for the individual components. A cold resistance of less than -80 ° C is possible. Preferably, there is a cold resistance of the space-filling, elastic structural mass. A high fatigue resistance for the individual components, but also the space-filling, elastic structural mass states that in one application, for. B. as grout for railroad tracks, the earliest after 5 years, the first signs of material fatigue can occur. Material fatigue is when an elastic material is flabby and exhausted by constant stress. Another aspect of material fatigue can be increased brittleness. The brittleness, ie the tendency of a material to break or crumble during deformation, can be negated for the individual components, but also the space-filling, elastic structural mass in the case of an outdoor application, especially as grout for railroad tracks, within the first 5 years.

In an advantageous embodiment, a multicomponent kit may consist of granules of quartz trickle pre-coated with polysulfide as a space-filling component, and polysulfide in each case as binder and sludge material. The polysulfide can be in each case a 2-component sealant (2-k polysulfide). The precoating of the granules may have been made from polysulfide flour. The space-filling, elastic structure mass may also be an elastic composite material that is both elastic and flexible, as well as stable and mechanically resilient. A composite or composite sealant can be used for elastic sealing as a joint material. In a space-filling, elastic structural mass usable 2-k polysulfides usually have a wide adhesion spectrum. In addition, 2-k polysulfides usually have low water vapor diffusion and also low vapor permeation. The 2-k polysulfide used as precoat of the granules and as a binder preferably exhibits adhesion properties with an adhesive force of more than at ambient temperatures of less than + 60 ° C., in particular of less than + 25 ° C., and a relative humidity of more than 10% 5 N / 25 mm after at least 5 minutes. A space-filling, elastic structural mass produced using 2-k polysulfide as a precoat of the granules, as a binder and as a sludge material can be used, for example, as a water vapor barrier layer or as a sealing layer. In the present case, when using 2-k polysulfide as a precoat of the granules, as a binder and as a sludge material, the space-filling, elastic structural mass produced and used as the water vapor barrier layer or sealing layer preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance μ of at least 15,000, and even better with the structural composition μ value of at least 30,000 realizable.

For a multi-component kit, the following mixing ratio is particularly suitable in a further advantageous embodiment for producing a space-filling, elastic structural mass: material Quantity (kg) Quartz gravel (grain size 3 mm to 5.6 mm) 25 pre 4 binder 2 Schlämmmaterial 7 total 38

In a further advantageous embodiment, the individual components of the multicomponent kit can be assembled in the following package sizes: material Number of packs Pack size (kg) Pre-coated quartz gravel 2 25 (Grain 3 mm to 5.6 mm) binder 1 3.5 Schlämmmaterial 1 12 Amount of structural mass to be produced 65.5

The following embodiment with individual components of the multicomponent kit has also proved to be easy to handle in the following package sizes: material Number of packs Pack size (kg) Pre-coated quartz gravel 2 25 (Grain 3 mm to 5.6 mm) binder 2 2 Schlämmmaterial 2 6 Amount of structural mass to be produced 65.5

Another useful variant with individual components of the multicomponent kit can be provided in the following package sizes: material Number of packs Pack size (kg) Pre-coated quartz gravel 2 25 (Grain 3 mm to 5.6 mm) binder 4 1 Schlämmmaterial 3 4 Amount of structural mass to be produced 65.5

The aspects, features and exemplary embodiments presented above can also be considered in numerous other connections and combinations, from which objects according to the invention can be formed.

Brief Description

The present invention may be better understood by reference to the accompanying figures, which set forth by way of example particularly advantageous design possibilities without restricting the present invention thereto

1 a first embodiment of a mechanically loaded joint in cross section,

2 A second embodiment of a connection groove on grooved rails in cross section,

3 a sectional profile of a third embodiment of the space-filling, elastic structural mass and herein a schematic representation of the components of the multi-component kit and

4 a detailed view of the sectional profile of a fourth embodiment of the space-filling, elastic structural mass show.

figure description

In the 1 and 2 Typical application examples of a space-filling, elastic structural mass provided by a multicomponent kit are shown as grout.

In 1 is a recess 3 Also referred to as a groove, gutter or general cavity, in a surface covering 4 , such as concrete or asphalt, with the space-filling elastic structure mass 1 grouted. The space-filling elastic structure mass 1 may be used here as a sealant, grout, grout or the like. The edges or surfaces 7 the recess 3 are pretreated, for example with an adhesive such as a primer. The area 7 the recess 3 can also be referred to as an adhesive surface. On the ground 8th the recess 3 there is a notch band 2 , The notch band 2 can also be processed as a separating tape or sliding layer. At this tape 2 closes on the bottom side, in the direction of the surface covering 4 , a backfill 6 which, in turn, into a fugue 5 passes. The joint 5 can be worked, for example, as a dummy joint, space joint or press joint.

In 2 is a recess 30 . 30 ' , here by way of example in the form of a joint in a rail 54 shown schematically in a surface covering 40 , with the space-filling elastic structure mass 10 grouted. The surfaces 70 . 70 ' the recess 30 . 30 ' are pretreated. On the ground 80 . 80 ' the recess 30 . 30 ' there is a notch band 20 . 20 ' , The notch band 20 . 20 ' For example, it can also be processed as a separating strip. To the notch band 20 . 20 ' closes on the bottom side, in the direction of the surface covering, a backfill 60 at. To the notch band 20 . 20 ' and continue the backfill 60 closes a Kammerfüllstein 51 . 51 ' at. The recess 30 . 30 ' on both sides of the rail 54 , in the manner of a grooved rail or generally a railway track, is filled with space elastic structural mass 10 grouted. The rail 54 is on both sides of the two Kammerfüllsteinen 51 and 51 ' held in their position. In this embodiment of the 2 has the recess 30 a width of about 80 mm and a depth of about 30 mm. The recess 30 ' has a width of 50 mm, and a depth of 10 mm. In another embodiment, for. B. a width 80 mm to 120 mm and a depth of 10 mm to 50 mm. The notch band 20 ' has a dimension of 30 mm. The notch band 20 has a dimension of 40 mm. In another embodiment, the notch band 20 have a width up to 60 mm or even up to 100 mm. The width of the chamber filler 51 . 51 ' is 50 mm to 120 mm. The chamber filler stone 51 . 51 ' points as in 2 shown is a notch 53 . 53 ' on. This notch 53 . 53 ' is about at mid-height of the chamber filler 51 . 51 ' attached and preferably points in the direction of the rail 54 , The outer boundary of the chamber filler 51 . 51 ' in the direction of the surface covering, also as a side surface 52 . 52 ' to designate, in the embodiment of 2 on the notch band 20 . 20 ' or the backfill 60 so that the distance to that of the rail 54 facing side of the notch tape 20 . 20 ' that as inside 21 . 21 ' is 20 mm to 100 mm, in other embodiments 40 mm to 50 mm. The distance to that of the rail 54 turned away side of the notch band 20 . 20 ' that as outside 22 . 22 ' is 0 mm to 30 mm, in other embodiments 10 mm to 20 mm. The backfill 60 can be right on the outside 22 . 22 ' of the notch tape 20 . 20 ' connect, in particular flush with the outside 22 . 22 ' to lock. The side surface may be on the outside 22 . 22 ' of the notch tape 20 . 20 ' flush with the backfill 60 connect. The rail 54 has in the in 2 illustrated embodiment two ends, on a bottom 56 and a top 57 , These two ends at the bottom 56 and top 57 are wider than the middle part 58 the rail 54 , The end at the top 57 has a notch 55 on, which is also called a groove. The middle part 58 the rail 54 is typically narrower than the width of the recess 30 . 30 ' , The width of the end of the top 57 corresponds approximately to the width of the recess 30 . 30 ' , with a typical width of 50 mm to 120 mm. The end at the bottom 56 the rail 54 can correspond in width to the distance between the two side surfaces 52 and 52 ' the two chamber stones 51 and 51 ' have from each other.

In 3 schematically is a sectional profile of an embodiment of the space-filling, elastic structural mass 110 shown. The space-filling component is in the form of precoated grains or precoated granules 112 in front. Quarzriesel 113 is with a pre-coating 115 encapsulated and forms the precoated granules 112 , The grains, like the grain 114 of the precoated granules 112 , stand with each other on the mediating component, the binder 116 , in contact. Between the individual grains, like the grain 114 are contact surfaces or contact points, such as the contact point 119 , educated. The grains, like grain 114 of the precoated quartz trickle 113 are shown schematically round, but may actually have an irregular, in particular roundish irregular shape. Due to the shape of the grains of the quartz trickle 113 like the grain 114 , arise when training the contact points 119 Cavities, like the cavities 118 . 118 ' . 118 '' , The over contact points, such as the contact point 119 , mediated by the binder 116 , coherent grains, like the grain 114 that the precoated quartz trickle 113 is assigned to form the void-containing structure 111 , The cavities 118 . 118 ' . 118 '' the void-containing structure 111 are at least partially, preferably completely, with a filler such as sludge material 117 filled, leaving a cavity 118 completely, a cavity 118 ' partly and a cavity 118 '' not filled.

In 4 is a schematic detail of an embodiment of the space-filling, elastic structural mass 210 shown. The grains 214 include quartz grains in the form of quartz trickle 213 and are with a pre-coating 215 jacketed. The binder 216 mediates the contact between the precoated grains of the quartz trickle 213 like the grain 214 , at the contact point 219 , The pre-coating 215 and also the binder 216 are elastic components. The grains, like the grain 214 , are about the elastic binding 291 (see arrow) are interconnected. The core 224 the precoated grains 214 consists predominantly of quartz and is thus silicon-containing. The core 224 is incompressible as a component and mediates the cavity-containing structure 211 and thus the room-filling, elastic structure mass 210 rigidity 292 in terms of a spacing, which may also be termed strength or elastic resistance (see arrow) with respect to an applied force. About the elastic binding 291 Can the grains, like the grain 214 , are moved away from each other or from each other, for example, when introduced into a joint or the action of shear forces or strain. Also temperature differences or a pressure due to mechanical stress can be between the rigid cores, like the core 224 , Act. This is due to the elastic bond 291 also the cavity-containing structures 211 and thus also the room-filling, elastic structure mass 210 elastic. The rigid component, like the core 224 , can contribute to the shaping of the space-filling, elastic structure mass. The rigid component, cores 224 or grains 214 of the quartz trickle 213 , conveys the rigidity 292 , contributes to a mechanical strength and supports stiffness or strength, for example, in a pressure load, the space-filling, elastic structural mass 210 ,

The design options shown in the individual figures can also be interconnected in any form.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 10, 110, 210

room-filling, elastic structure mass

2, 20, 20 '

score strip

3, 30, 30 '

recess

4, 40

surface covering

5

Gap

6, 60

backfill

7, 70, 70 '

 Surface, in particular adhesive surface

8, 80, 80 '

ground

21, 21 '

inside

22, 22 '

outside

51, 51 '

Kammerfüllstein

52, 52 '

side surface

53, 53 '

notch

54

rail

55

Notch, in particular groove of the rail

56

bottom

57

top

58

midsection

111, 211

cavity-containing structure

112

precoated granules

113, 213

Quarzriesel

114, 214

grain

115, 215

pre

116, 216

binder

117

sludge material

118, 118 ', 118' '

cavity

119, 219

contact point

224

core

291

elastic binding

292

rigidity

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19618537 C1 [0003, 0003]
• DE 10148533 A1 [0004, 0004]
• EP 2251076 A2 [0005, 0005]
• DE 102009020201 [0005]
• WO 2012/000773 A1 [0006]
• EP 20100167717 [0006]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 4022 [0032]
• DIN 1045 [0032]
• DIN 18196 [0032]

Claims (16)

Multi-component kit for producing a space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) as a target product based on at least one in forming a void-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) space-filling component, one in the formation of the cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) mediating component and a sludge material ( 117 ), wherein a dry, free-flowing granules ( 112 ) selected from the group of silicon-containing materials such as quartz sand, quartz 113 . 213 ), Gravel, split, glass and silicon carbide, which is the space filling component, the granules ( 112 ) individual grains ( 114 . 214 ) and has a grain of at least 1.2 mm and at most 40 mm, and wherein a binder ( 116 . 216 ) selected from the group consisting of polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone and silane-terminated polymer which is the mediating component, characterized in that the individual grains ( 114 . 214 ) of the granules ( 112 ) with a pre-coating ( 115 . 215 ) are precoated from an elastic polymer selected from a group consisting of polysulfide, polysulfide flour, polyurethane, silicone and silane-terminated polymer, the precoat ( 115 . 215 ) of the granules ( 112 ) is elastic, so that using the precoating ( 115 . 215 ) from the precoated granules ( 112 ) and the binder ( 116 . 216 ), ie from the space-filling component and from the mediating component, the cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) and the cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) is space-filling and elastic, wherein the precoated granules ( 112 ) has the following properties, namely the grains ( 114 . 214 ) of the granules ( 112 ) are from the precoating ( 115 . 215 ) individually and completely coated, the pre-coating ( 115 . 215 ) has a water content of less than 0.1 percent by weight, the precoated granules ( 112 ) maintains a shelf life as free-flowing granules at temperatures of less than 60 ° C and a relative humidity of less than 10% ( 112 ) with a binding possibility, the precoating ( 115 . 215 ) of the granules ( 112 ) remains on contact with the binder ( 116 . 216 ) as a surface of individual grains ( 114 . 214 ) completely enveloping layer, the granules ( 112 ) in the presence of the binder ( 116 . 216 ) at an ambient temperature of less than 60 ° C, in particular of less than 25 ° C, and a relative humidity of more than 10 percent, a connection bonding of the precoating ( 115 . 215 ), the binder ( 116 . 216 ) acts in the formation of the cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ), whereby the granules ( 112 ) at ambient temperature and relative humidity with a bond strength greater than 5 N / 25 mm over the precoat ( 115 . 215 ) of the granules ( 112 ) is bound after at least 5 minutes, and that the sludge material ( 117 ) a polymer-containing mortar selected from the group consisting of polysulfide, polyurethane, silicone, silane-terminated polymer and flexibilized epoxy-polyurethane-acrylate resin, wherein the sludge material ( 117 ) is flowable, so that it in the cavities of the precoated granules ( 112 ) and the binder ( 116 . 216 ) void-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) and the sludge material ( 117 ) upon contact with the coated granules ( 112 ) and the binder ( 116 . 216 ) has assumed a hardened state, but in this case the sludge material ( 117 ) is elastic in the cured state. Multi-component kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the grains ( 114 . 214 ) of the granules ( 112 ) are a mixture of different sizes with a maximum 40 mm grading curve. Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the precoating ( 115 . 215 ), especially when made of a polysulfide polymer, has vulcanizing properties at less than 10 ° C. Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the precoating ( 115 . 215 ) of the grains ( 114 . 214 ) in the granules ( 112 ) has a layer thickness of more than 1 mm. Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the precoating ( 115 . 215 ) has an expansion coefficient of less than 2 × 10 ^-4 K ^-1 . Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the binder ( 116 . 216 ) is liquid. Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sludge material ( 117 ) is liquid and has a viscosity of less than 15 Pas at 20 ° C. Multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the precoated grains ( 114 . 214 ) of the granules ( 112 ), the binder ( 116 . 216 ) and the sludge material ( 117 ) are packed separately. The multi-component kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the precoated grains ( 114 . 214 ) of the granules ( 112 ) are packed in 25 kg portions. The multicomponent kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the granules of the precoated granules ( 112 ) and the binder ( 116 . 216 ) formed cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) is a grain skeleton, the grain skeleton is a void content ( 118 . 118 ' . 118 '' ) of 10% by volume to 50% by volume and the grain skeleton is a stably connected grain skeleton, which opposes a gravitational force. Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) of at least one when forming a void-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) space-filling component, one in the formation of the cavity-containing structure ( 111 . 211 ) mediating component and a sludge material ( 117 ) as starting materials, characterized in that the space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) is composed of the starting materials of a multicomponent kit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 10 and the structural composition ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) is present as a cured sealing joint. Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) according to claim 11, characterized in that the space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) is homogeneous. Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ), According to any one of the preceding claims 11 or 12, that the space-filling, structure elastic mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) a flexible, elastic sealant for the production of movement joints ( 5 ) in mineral structures from the group consisting of natural rock, asphalt and concrete, in plastic, between the mineral structures and metal, between the plastic and metal and between metals. Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) according to one of the preceding claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) a flexible, elastic sealant for the production of movement joints ( 5 ) of more than 10 mm width and more than 20 mm depth. Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) according to one of the preceding claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) a flexible, elastic sealant for the production of movement joints ( 5 ) having a low thermal expansion with an expansion coefficient of less than 2 × 10 ^-4 K ^-1 . Space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) according to one of the preceding claims 11 to 15, characterized in that the space-filling, elastic structural mass ( 1 . 10 . 110 . 210 ) a flexible, elastic sealant for the production of movement joints ( 5 ) in railway tracks ( 54 ) or tram rails ( 54 ).

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