DE202008012371U1 - Apparatus for treating gases, in particular for drying natural gas or biogas - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for separating components of a gas mixture by means of adsorption on a solid bed and possibility for thermal regeneration of the solid bed comprising:
A hollow body (1) forming a space for adsorption,
A solid bed (4) arranged in the hollow body (1), which is suitable for at least partially adsorbing at least one gas component,
A first opening (2) which is suitable for introducing the gas mixture into the hollow body (1),
- A second opening (3) which is adapted to remove the gas mixture from the hollow body (1) and
At least one electrode (5, 6) connected to a radio frequency (RF) generator (8),
characterized in that
the at least one electrode (5, 6) forms part of the gas-tight hollow body (1) and / or is electrically conductively connected thereto and / or at least part of the at least one electrode (5, 6) is arranged inside the solid bed (4) ,

Description

The The invention relates to a device for the treatment of gas mixtures with the aim of removing selected ingredients containing Solid bed with an adsorbent component that is capable of to at least temporarily enrich these components, which themselves at least partially within the influence of at least one electrode for introducing high frequency (RF) energy, which in turn, preferably via a electronic matching network, connected to an RF voltage source is to heat the fixed bed dielectrically.

Especially For example, the device can be used to dry gases, preferably natural gas and biogas, are used by water in a first phase adsorptively removed from the gas stream and in a further phase the water is removed from the fixed bed by thermal desorption, wherein the fixed bed is directly dielectrically heated by means of RF energy.

The Separation by adsorption and subsequent thermal regeneration Adsorber material is a widely used chemical process Process technology. In particular, this task arises in the Treatment of natural gas and biogas to these according to the technical specification be able to feed into existing gas supply networks.

For example, gas drying is absolutely necessary in order to prevent condensation when the pressure increases. In addition, the interaction of water and other gas components (eg H ₂ S in the case of biogas) can lead to undesired corrosion.

The technical use of natural gas and biogas requires beyond in many cases the removal of sulfur compounds, carbon dioxide or oxygen as well as other components.

For the gas drying According to the state of the art, there are basically three principles of operation to disposal: Condensation, adsorptive and absorptive gas drying processes such as glycol wash.

The inventive device is related to adsorption processes for gas separation. The basic principle here is that the corresponding Gas components are bound to the adsorber. This happens in the Usually at relatively low temperature, usually ambient temperature. In the result leaves a gas stream the solid bed in which depletes the corresponding component is. To ensure a quasi-continuous process management, the adsorber component must be regenerated again. The most established for this Methods are based on desorption by lowering the pressure or increasing the temperature. To the regeneration and discharge of the desorbed substances is the fixed bed again for the adsorptive cleaning or gas separation available.

A another possibility the removal of certain gas components from a mixture in converting these substances reactively. For this purpose are usually catalytic Reactions used. An example is the removal of oxygen traces from natural or biogas using a noble metal catalyst, which catalyzes the oxidation. This process usually takes place at elevated temperature instead of.

The inventive device intended to serve in a solid bed for the treatment of Gas mixtures serve to efficiently introduce energy to desorption and initiate reaction processes.

Thermal shock method are technically established, however, the warming of solid beds in the Comparison to warming Fluid media more complicated because the heat conduction within the bed in usually less. So is the heat transfer between the particles limited, because he prefers over the contact surfaces takes place. Will heat over walls or Inserted heating elements, so the heat transfer acts on the interfaces in the bed limiting.

alternative become solid beds over the carrier gas stream heated. Here, however, is the low heat capacity of the gas for the achievable heating rates limiting. The concentration of released pollutants is to the for heating necessary carrier gas flow coupled. this leads to to one in many cases undesirable Dilution. For example the subsequent catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants, from the adsorber by heating done due to the dilution no more autothermal, that is energy efficient, done.

A Thermal regeneration with water vapor, often in the case of with organic substances laden activated carbon is used, is for the present applications for gas treatment are not suitable.

The direct dielectric heating of solid media has been discussed for some years as an innovative and promising alternative to conventional methods. The main advantage of this method is that the energy input is not coupled to a fluid auxiliary medium (eg a carrier gas stream), but is carried out directly "without material flow." Up to now, however, only in some subregions microwave (MW) heating prevailed, due to the fact that the homogeneity of the temperature profiles are acceptable only for small volumes (in the cm ³ range) and that for many media the penetration depths of the MW radiation are too low for a technical application.Additionally, hydrous matrices with changing humidity change their dielectric properties significantly In the microwave range, the possibility of energy coupling in itself is usually coupled to the presence of water, which means that dry materials or low-humidity materials can often not be heated with microwaves, and it is generally not possible to reduce the electromagnetic activity during the process of changing Feu always adsorb the adsorber efficiently. The result is usually a reflection of the electromagnetic waves after drying of the material, so that the emitted energy no longer leads to heating of the fixed bed.

The The object of the present invention is the described disadvantages to overcome the state of the art and to provide a device that allows solid beds different materials with variable humidity and polarity energy efficient and, if necessary, to heat homogeneously, to different thermally initiated processes such as desorption in general, regeneration of fixed beds used for gas drying in particular, as well as catalytic reactions of adsorbed substances to enable.

The The object of the invention is according to the independent claim solved. The dependent claims include preferred embodiments.

According to the invention is a Device for separating components of a gas mixture by means Adsorption to a solid bed provided a gas-tight Hollow body which forms a reaction space for adsorption, a arranged in the gas-tight hollow body Solid bed, which is suitable, at least one gas component at least partially adsorb a first opening that is suitable for Introduce gas mixture into the gas-tight hollow body, a second opening, which is suitable to remove the gas mixture from the gas-tight hollow body and at least one electrode connected to a radio frequency (RF) generator is, wherein the at least one electrode is a part of the gas-tight hollow body is and / or at least part of the at least one electrode within the solid bed is arranged. The term "gas-tight" is understood here and below as meaning that the parasitic, the container unintentionally leaving gas flow very small compared to the through the openings provided for this purpose passing gas stream. In particular, it includes the container unintentionally abandoned Gas flow less than 10%, preferably less than 3%, more preferably less than 0.3% of the passing through the openings provided Gas stream.

According to the invention the arrangement thus of a reactor space, the at least one input and at least one exit for having the gas stream and wherein a solid bed, which at least a gas component can at least partially adsorb, arranged is. The solid bed is at least partially within the sphere of influence the at least one electrode, in turn, with an RF generator connected is. Between the at least one electrode and the RF generator is preferably arranged an electronic matching network, which the Matching of the variable impedance of the solid bed to the internal resistance of the HF generator allows.

Preferably are the first opening and the second opening opposite each other on the gas-tight hollow body arranged. At the first opening can optionally means for feeding the gas mixture and at the second opening means for discharging the Be arranged gas mixture. The means for feeding and discharging the Gas mixtures are designed such that they are suitable for realize continuous gas flow.

The first and second opening on the gas-tight hollow body essentially serve the supply and removal of the gas stream. thats why the cross section of the openings comparatively small compared the total surface of the hollow body. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the first or second opening is smaller than 20% each, preferably less than 10% each, more preferably less than ever 5% of the surface the gas-tight hollow body. According to the invention of hollow body further openings, for example, to introduce sensors or the like.

Of the gas-tight hollow body is at least according to the invention to 50%, preferably to 70%, more preferably to 90% with the solid bed filled. at the solid bed is preferably a packed bed solid particles. However, in other preferred variants also solids as ceramic shaped bodies, particularly preferred as Honeycombs, used. in principle In this context, all arrangements are suitable, the one realize sufficient contact of the gas stream with the solid. In the following, however, for all options used the uniform term solid bed.

In In a preferred arrangement, the at least one electrode is such in the gas-tight hollow body arranged that they are at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 90% in the solid bed or along the solid bed is arranged. Thus, the at least spans an electrode according to the invention the solid bed along its largest spatial chen Expansion to at least 50%, preferably to at least 70%, still more preferably at least 90%.

In Another preferred arrangement is the at least one electrode perpendicular to the axis of the reactor body arranged. In this case, the at least one electrode according to the invention takes at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 90% of the solid bed cross section.

In a preferred embodiment it is in the gas-tight hollow body in its outer shape around a cylinder. In a further preferred embodiment it is a cuboid. Preferred embodiments are still Characterized in that the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction about the Reactor not essential (preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 10%) changes. The Invention, however, is fundamental not to a specific form of the gas-tight hollow body and thus bound to the solid bed, there are also any other Geometries possible, without the functionality the arrangements would be restricted.

Base area and cover surface of the cylindrical one gastight hollow body are in a preferred embodiment as insulating components worked out, the insulating components designed also perforated and thus gas-permeable could be. Insulating in this context means that the RF conductivity of materials negligible is. In a further preferred embodiment, the first opening or the second opening the (insulating) base area or the (insulating) top surface of the cylindrical one gastight hollow body arranged or these openings are realized by perforated materials in their entirety.

In a preferred variant of the invention is the at least one electrode with the hollow body, in particular with the Shielding or the outer jacket of the reactor, electrically connected. In a preferred variant according to the invention is the hollow body or a part of the hollow body even the electrode according to the invention. In In another preferred embodiment, the at least one Electrode a footprint of the cylindrical one or cuboid shaped hollow body Preferably, this electrode can be designed gas-permeable or perforated be.

Preferably The electrodes are used in pairs. According to the invention the electrodes are then fed with a high-frequency AC voltage, wherein one of the electrodes is a cold electrode and an electrode as hot Electrode is called. As a cold electrode while the grounded Electrode defined. In a particularly preferred embodiment the cold electrode is electrically connected to the outer shell of the hollow body conductively connected or the outer sheath represents itself the cold electrode.

In Another embodiment of the invention is more than two electrodes provided, which is fed with a high-frequency AC voltage become. Preferably, one hot and several cold electrodes intended.

Cold and hot Electrodes are preferably with the electronic matching network connected and between the two electrodes is the solid bed or at least part of the solid bed.

When Electrodes are preferably used rod or plate electrodes. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention used parallel plate electrodes. Parallel plate electrodes guarantee for homogeneous Solid beds have a low gradient temperature profile and are thus for a homogeneous heating on best suited.

According to the invention can Electrodes are also arranged coaxially. A coaxial arrangement is best suited to the electromagnetic radiation in to reduce the environment. In this case, the solid bed is located between an outer cylindrical Sheath electrode, which is preferably connected as a cold electrode is, and a rod or tubular Inner electrode, preferably as hot. Electrode acts. The Arrangement thus represents a cylinder capacitor. Although the radially outward decreasing electric field strength to an inhomogeneous warming leads, can through heat transport processes in a fixed bed a sufficient temperature stability over the fixed bed guaranteed become.

The choice of the electrode geometry, of which further variants are possible, is determined by the requirements of the respective process (necessary temperature homogeneity, mechanical requirements on the arrangement, heating rates to be achieved, etc.). Preferably, the two electrodes by insulating, optionally separated perforated components.

The Electrodes are according to the invention with the RF generator, which is preferably high-frequency voltages with a Frequency between 1 and 50 MHz provides over electronic matching network, the so-called matchbox. The electronic matching network allows the adjustment of the variable Impedance of the solid bed to the internal resistance of the HF generator and allows thus a reflection-free transmission the RF energy from the generator into the solid bed. That exists unlike conventional microwave ovens the possibility a very energy-efficient heating of the solid bed and The emitted RF energy can be almost completely converted into process heat become. Particularly preferred is the use of frequencies that for the Application for the industrial, scientific and medical fields are released, such as ISM frequencies of 13.56 or 27 MHz.

Preferably contains the arrangement further comprises at least one fiber optic temperature sensor, the with an evaluation unit connected is. Preferably, further are in the Anstrombereich and / or in the discharge area of the gas mixture sensors for characterization the gas composition. In a preferred variant of the arrangements are the individual sensors and evaluation devices with a personal computer connected to process control system. In a preferred variant of the device a humidity sensor is positioned before the end of the solid bed, which detects the loading state of the adsorber and an impending Breakthrough of the water loading front indicates.

optional is in the influx to the reactor or in the entrance area of Reactor, a means for adding and / or dosing a transmission medium. The means for introducing a transmission medium can be used to initiate a thermo-chromatographic pulse become. Preferably, as a transmission medium Water used. The thermo-chromatographic pulse is not only for the Thermodesorption of adsorbed organic gas components or suitable for initiating a catalyzed reaction. The thermochromatographic Pulse can also be for Drying processes are used when the solid bed is not has been loaded until reaching the loading capacity. In this Case can the water injection and the resulting pulse to an additional Discharge of water from the fixed bed lead.

As solid bed materials, adsorptive substances such as activated carbon, zeolites of different structure or porous metal oxides and mixtures thereof are preferably used. They preferably have a high porosity with large specific surface areas (typically more than 100 m ² / g, more preferably more than 200 m ² / g). In many cases, a binder is added to these materials before pressing in order to achieve better mechanical stability. In the following, however, these mixed materials are referred to simply as the sorption-active component.

In A preferred variant for gas drying is hydrophilic Zeolites, particularly preferred are the zeolites 3A, 4A, NaY and 13X. In another preferred variant for the removal of hydrophobic Substances such as nonpolar organic compounds The gas stream uses hydrophobic materials. Especially preferred here is the use of a solid bed material, the a dealuminated Y zeolite with high Si / Al ratio contains.

in the Case of an intended reactive conversion of the previously adsorbed Gas component is the use of an additional catalyst component in the solid bed advantageous. As catalysts, for example Precious metals, preferably platinum, or perovskite or other oxidic Materials used. The catalysts are preferably on porous support materials applied. This porous Materials typically have porosities between 0.2 and 0.7.

Of the Solid used as an adsorber and / or as a catalyst, is in particular a granulate or other bulk material, wherein the grain diameter preferably before lying in the millimeter range. Particularly according to the invention suitable, particle sizes are in the range from 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably from 1 to 5 mm, more preferably from 1 to 3 mm.

Preferably becomes from the gas mixture an inorganic or organic gaseous component away. For example, you can Carbon dioxide, oxygen or sulfur compounds to be purified Gas mixtures are removed.

Especially the device according to the invention is preferred used for drying gas mixtures. The most preferred removed substance is therefore water.

The described device allows about the State of the art, a number of application options, some of which are described below by way of example in the following To describe the function of the device and the role of the individual components in more detail.

It is understood that this invention is not is limited to the specific devices, compositions and conditions as described herein since these may vary. It is further understood that the terminology used herein is for the sole purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used herein in the specification including the appended claims, word forms in the singular, such as words, include For example, "a", "an", "an", "the", "the" or "the" may be equivalents in the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise a transmission medium "means one or more means, which in turn may be identical or different.

The Device allows different modes of energy input and in particular the heating the fixed bed and the realization of different temperature profiles. In particular, it is possible the fixed bed compared to alternatives of the prior art homogeneous and carrier gas unbound to warm, whereby also technically relevant volumes treated in the liter and cubic meter scale can be. Preferably the volume of the solid material bed in a device according to the invention 0.001 to 100 cubic meters, preferably 0.01 to 10 cubic meters.

Furthermore it is also possible as an option as already described, by the injection of a transmission medium a fixed mass bed migratory coupled mass flow temperature pulse, to initiate a so-called thermochromatographic pulse. Therefor is a transfer medium in the gas stream, preferably water, injected and at least partially adsorbed on the fixed bed material. this leads to to a reinforced Absorption of HF energy in the corresponding area of the fixed bed, which in turn intensified Heating leads. This leads to the desorption of the transmission medium and the Further transport with the gas stream. If colder fixed bed areas are reached, so again adsorption and local overheating occurs. This process continues continuously until the thermo-chromatographic Pulse has passed through the fixed bed and reached the output of the reactor. The selective increase in temperature makes it possible the desired thermally initiated processes such as regeneration of the Fixed bed in gas drying or adsorptive gas separation and catalytic conversion of adsorbed gas components very energy efficient to achieve.

Brief description of the figures

1 Inventive device for the treatment of gases, in particular for drying natural gas or biogas.

2 Preferred electrode geometries for realizing the dielectric heating of a solid bed.

3a Gas drying over a solid bed of zeolite 13X at room temperature.

3b Thermal regeneration of the fixed bed (zeolite 13X ) by means of high-frequency heating.

4a Gas drying over a packed bed of the zeolite NaY at room temperature.

4b Thermal regeneration of the fixed bed (zeolite NaY) by means of high frequency heating.

An example of realization of the arrangement according to the invention is in 1 contain. 1 shows a device according to the invention for drying gases with the following components. A cuboid hollow body 1 is with a solid bed 4 filled. Through a first opening 2 a gas mixture flows into the solid bed 4 , Through a second opening 3 the dried gas leaves the hollow body 1 , A hot electrode 6 is in the middle of the bed of solids 4 along the longitudinal axis of the hollow body 1 positioned. A cold electrode 5 partially represents the outer shell of the cuboid hollow body 1 The basic surface and top surface of the cuboid are perforated components 14 arranged, which the electrodes 5 and 6 isolate against each other. The electrodes 5 and 6 are via an electronic matching network 7 with an HF generator 8th connected to the supply of RF voltage. About a fiber optic temperature sensor 9 , with an evaluation unit 10 is connected, the temperature in the solid bed 4 controlled. Before the second opening 3 just before the gas enters the solid bed 4 leaves again is a humidity sensor 15 positioned. Sensors for characterizing the gas composition 12 are provided both in the inflow and outflow of the gas. The individual sensors and evaluation devices are equipped with a personal computer 13 connected to process control system. A means for dosing a transmission medium 11 to initiate a thermochromatographic pulse is at the beginning of the bed of solids 4 arranged.

2 shows preferred electrode geometries for realizing the dielectric heating of the solid bed 4 , Parallel plate electrodes can be arranged parallel to the flow direction. Here is the hot electrode 6 arranged in a solid bed. The outer shell of the hollow body 1 partially represents the cold electrode 5 dar ( 2a ). An alternative variant shows 2 B , The parallel plate electrodes are arranged vertically to the flow direction, the solid bed 4 is positioned between the electrodes. The gas stream reaches and leaves the solid bed 4 by going through the electrodes 5 and 6 flows. These are the electrodes 5 and 6 permeable to gas or perforated. Parallel plate electrodes guarantee a temperature profile with small gradients for homogeneous solid beds and are thus most suitable for homogeneous heating.

In a further embodiment, the electrodes are arranged coaxially ( 2c ). The rod or tubular hot electrode 6 is from the cold jacket electrode 5 enclosed. The solid bed 4 is located between the sheath electrode 5 and the inner electrode 6 , A coaxial arrangement of this construction is best suited to reduce the electromagnetic radiation into the environment.

Application example 1

In Application Example 1, the apparatus is used to dry a gas stream over a period of time and then thermally regenerate the Adsorberbett, which consists of a zeolite of the type 13X by homogeneous heating by means of RF energy. 3 shows the results.

In the laboratory experiment 0.8 g of zeolite 13X with a grain size between 1 and 3 mm were used. The zeolite was loaded via the gas stream to an average moisture of 6.4% by mass, whereby a dried gas stream left the bed ( 3a ). In the present case, the bed was partially overflowed to observe the desorption better. This approach differs from that which is preferred in practice for gas drying. Here, a flow through the fixed bed with the best possible contact between the gas stream to be dried and adsorber should be sought. The slight increase in temperature during drying is due to the heat of adsorption of the water on the zeolite. The size ṁ represents the mass flow of the water, T _sample indicates the sample temperature at a measuring point in the middle of the solid bed. The difference between input value ṁ _before and ṁ _after thus corresponds to the drying efficiency. During the regeneration phase (thermal drying of the fixed bed), the sample is heated by means of radio waves (total system power approx. 100 W, high losses due to the small size of the apparatus). The temperature increase was uniform over the sample and it was a plateau value of about 150 ° C reached relatively quickly ( 3b ). At this temperature, an efficient discharge of water from the fixed bed and a regenerative drying of the adsorber 13X, which can then be used again for gas drying. In this experiment, the residual moisture content of the zeolite was about 1.6% by mass.

Application Example 2

In application example 2, the device according to the invention is also used to dehumidify a gas stream and to thermally regenerate the adsorber after the breakthrough of the water due to the achievement of the loading capacity of the adsorber. The regeneration is realized in this example by the initiation of a thermo-chromatographic pulse. 4 shows the results.

In this case, a NaY zeolite (5.7 g, 1 to 2 mm grain size) was loaded at room temperature. The final loading was about 26% by mass. 4a clearly shows the efficient drying until after reaching the loading capacity at about 800 min, the breakthrough of the water is recorded and the input moisture is also reached at the outlet of the reactor. The slight increase in temperatures at several measuring points in the solid bed by 5 to 10 K is in turn due to the released Adsorptionsenthalpie. The temperature indices identify the position of the sensors in the fixed bed in the direction of flow. The successive increase in the temperatures due to the heat of adsorption characterizes the progress of the water front in the zeolite bed.

The regeneration of the adsorber is carried out with radio waves, wherein at the beginning of the fixed bed, a thermo-chromatographic pulse is formed, which passes through the bed as a temperature front. The selective increase in temperature in the pulse (about 100 K at the first two, in 4b shown measuring points) allows a particularly energy-efficient drying of the fixed bed. The average residual moisture content of the zeolite after drying was 1.5% by mass, which allows a re-gas drying. If necessary, lower residual moisture of the adsorber can be achieved.

1

hollow body

2

first opening

3

second opening

4

Solid bed

5

cold electrode

6

hot electrode

7

electronic matching

8th

High-frequency generator

9

fiber optic temperature sensor

10

evaluation

11

medium for dosing a transmission medium

12

sensor for the characterization of the gas composition

13

personal computer

14

perforated components

15

humidity sensor

m '

mass flow of the water

T _sample

sample temperature

Claims (38)

Device for separating components of a gas mixture by means of adsorption on a solid bed and possibility for thermal regeneration of the solid bed comprising: a hollow body ( 1 ), which forms a space for adsorption, - in the hollow body ( 1 ) arranged solid bed ( 4 ), which is suitable for at least partially adsorbing at least one gas component, - a first opening ( 2 ), which is suitable, the gas mixture in the hollow body ( 1 ), - a second opening ( 3 ), which is suitable, the gas mixture from the hollow body ( 1 ) and - at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) connected to a radio frequency (RF) generator ( 8th ), characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) a part of the gas-tight hollow body ( 1 ) is formed and / or electrically conductively connected thereto and / or at least a part of the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) within the solids bed ( 4 ) is arranged. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid bed ( 4 ) the gas-tight hollow body ( 1 ) fills at least 50%, preferably 70%, more preferably 90%. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first opening ( 2 ) and the second opening ( 3 ) opposite one another on the gastight hollow body ( 1 ) are arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the first opening ( 2 ) at least one means for supplying the gas mixture is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the second opening ( 3 ) is arranged at least one means for discharging the gas mixture. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized that means for feeding and the means for removing the gas mixture are formed, a continuous gas flow to realize. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) the solid bed ( 4 ) spans along its greatest spatial extent at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 90%. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas-tight hollow body ( 1 ) is designed as a cylinder or as a cuboid. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ), the base surface of the cylindrical or cuboid hollow body ( 1 ) trains. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) is gas permeable and / or perforated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) is connected to a means for supplying a high-frequency voltage. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) is a plate electrode. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one electrode ( 5 . 6 ) is a stick electrode. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device comprises two electrodes ( 5 . 6 ) having. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that one of the two electrodes comprises a cold grounded electrode ( 5 ) and one of the two electrodes is a hot electrode ( 6 ). Device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the electrodes ( 5 . 6 ) are arranged in parallel. Device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the electrodes ( 5 . 6 ) are arranged coaxially. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device more than two electrodes ( 5 . 6 ) having. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the device comprises a hot electrode ( 6 ) and several cold electrodes ( 5 ) having. Device according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the cold electrode ( 5 ), with the hollow body ( 1 ) is electrically connected. Device according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the cold electrode ( 5 ) at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 90% of the gas-tight hollow body ( 1 ) is itself. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the solid bed ( 4 ) a fiber optic temperature sensor ( 9 ) is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 22, characterized in that the fiber optic temperature sensor ( 9 ) with an evaluation device ( 10 ) connected is. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the first opening ( 2 ) and / or the second opening ( 3 ) in the gas stream a sensor ( 12 ) is arranged to characterize the gas mixture. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the HF generator ( 8th ) provides a voltage with a frequency between 1 and 50 MHz, preferably 13.56 or 27 MHz. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent to the second opening ( 3 ) in a solid bed ( 4 ) a humidity sensor ( 15 ) is positioned. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent to the first opening ( 2 ) a means for adding a transmission medium ( 11 ) is arranged to initiate a thermo-chromatographic pulse. Apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that the transmission medium ( 11 ) Water is. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid bed ( 4 ) is an adsorbent material, preferably activated carbon, zeolite of different structure, porous metal oxides or mixtures thereof. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the adsorbent material is hydrophilic, preferably one hydrophilic zeolite, especially zeolite 3A, zeolite 4A, zeolite NaY or zeolite 13X. Device according to claim 29, characterized in that the adsorbent material is hydrophobic, preferably one dealuminated Y zeolite with high Si / Al ratio. Device according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that the adsorbent material has a high porosity with specific surface areas greater than 100 m ² / g, preferably greater than 200 m ² / g. Device according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized that the adsorbent material bulk material with a grain size of 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably from 1 to 5 mm, more preferably from 1 to 3 mm. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component adsorbed from the gas stream an inorganic or organic gas, preferably carbon dioxide, Oxygen, volatile organic compounds or sulfur compounds and / or water is. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid bed ( 4 ) contains a catalyst. Device according to claim 35, characterized in that that the catalyst is a noble metal, preferably platinum or palladium, or a perovskite is. Device according to Claim 35 or 36, characterized that the catalyst is porous support materials with a porosity between 0.2 and 0.7 is applied. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume of the solid bed ( 4 ) Is 0.001 to 100 cubic meters, preferably 0.01 to 10 cubic meters, more preferably 0.1 to 10 cubic meters.