DE202008005471U1 - Dry attractant combination for fruit flies - Google Patents

Abstract

Dry attractant combination for Drosophilidae or Taufliegen, especially the genus Drosophila, containing as attractants
Dry fruit pulp, in particular dried or freeze-dried banana
Dried yeast or dry yeast,
At least one aggregation pheromone specific for Drosophilidae, in particular for Drosophila, in particular cis-Vaccenyl acetate cVA, dissolved in a solvent and immobilized with silica.

Description

The The invention relates to a dry attractant combination for Taufliegen according to claim 1, an activated attractant combination according to claim 11, as well as a trap for Taufliegen according to claim 12.

The The invention relates to the field of attractants for Insects, in particular for Drosophilidae flies and Drosophila flies.

The Family of fruit flies or Drosophilidae, also fruit, fruit or Called vinegar flies, belongs within the order of Diptera to subordinate the flies. It is about with them around small, about 2 mm large flies, almost everywhere occur both in forests and in residential areas.

The Label fruit fly is based on its preference for rotting Attributed to fruit. The name Drosophila is derived from the behavior of these animals, as they predominantly are flying in the morning and in the evening.

Worldwide There are about 3,000 species known in different ecological Living areas. The family of fruit flies or Drosophilidae includes the subfamily of Drosophilinae. A genus of Drosophilinae is Drosophila. This genus has about 1,500 different species, of which Drosophila melanogaster is the best known. Drosophila melanogaster is also called black-bellied fruit fly and is one of the best studied organisms in the world. Further Common species include Drosophila immigrans or Drosophila hydei.

fruit flies are considered pests in many areas of the food industry a problem. Especially in the warm season, it comes to a mass occurrence of these insects. By the feeding activity the fly larvae and the transmission of harmful Microorganisms become essential to the spoilage of food accelerated. By their enormous multiplication power can These flies occur in large quantities within a very short time. Fruit flies cause considerable damage Height and affect the well-being of the People. Taufliegen are among the most important pests in the food sector. Some species are typical culture followers, who prefer to stay in and around human dwellings, especially to attack fruit and vegetables. Until Some years ago, these species were not considered pests but only as harmless "pests" viewed. Since the EU food hygiene regulation 2004 VO (EC) No. 852/2004 are fruit flies however clearly classified as pests and must be combated accordingly.

It It is known that fruit flies are especially ripened and rotting vegetable material are attracted to this for their Oviposition and use their breeding site. As a guide to these Breeding grounds serve flies for flies, that ascend from organic material.

Out the prior art numerous methods and attractants are known to attract or destroy Drosophila flies. Especially In the food industry and in supermarkets there is the Need, the traps or attractant combinations such to make sure that these are not negative and hazardous to health Exert influences on the food itself. In most cases this is achieved by falling, in which liquid attractants are included.

For example, from the US 6,543,181 a trap with a liquid attractant combination comprising short-chain carboxylic acids, alcohols and nitrogen-containing substances known.

Also It is known to use fruit pulp or yeast as an attractant for Use Drosophila.

Also it is for some insects, such as cockroaches, known to use aggregation pheromones as an attractant.

adversely when using fresh fruit pulp, however, is the fact that fresh fruit pulp is perishable and the trap on the one hand loses its effect quickly and on the other hand, a storage of a Such attractant combination containing fresh fruit pulp, not possible.

Also are most attractants known in the art volatile at room temperature and may therefore be added just before activating the trap so that do not evaporate prematurely. A storage of such Liquid attractant combinations is therefore not very possible.

task The invention is thus an attractant combination for Drosophilidae or fruit flies, in particular of the genus Drosophila, to create the most effective and at the same time easy manageable and storable.

These The object is solved by the features of claim 1.

By The features of claim 1 will be a dry attractant combination described that includes fruit pulp and yeast in dry form as well as an aggregation pheromone specific for Drosophilidae or Drosophila, which is immobilized with silica.

On This way is a long storable and stable as well against decay not susceptible attractant combination given easy to handle thanks to their dry consistency and to store. The normally volatile attractants, in this case the aggregation pheromone is immobilized on silica, whereby no evaporation of the pheromone can take place. In this way can also be a well-defined and also over longer Periods constant concentration of the individual attractants be guaranteed to each other. The attractant combination does not change their effectiveness, nor shift the concentrations of the individual attractants to each other in the course the storage time. Another advantage of such a dry attractant combination Among other things, that is unlike liquid attractant combinations must not be stored frozen or chilled. A conventional dry storage is quite sufficient. Thus, not only the application but also the storage are clear simplified and cost reduced possible.

When dry fruit pulp is especially dried banana pulp However, it is also possible to use other crops or vegetable species. As a yeast, in particular Used dry yeast. The beneficial dry attractant combination is activatable with water. Become through the pulp and the yeast volatile fermentation products released on Fruit flies have an attractive effect. By the for Drosophilidae or Drosophila specific aggregation pheromone is this effect additionally reinforced. About that In addition, the stocked with such an attractant combination Trap immediately after its activation, since the aggregation pheromone due to its high vapor pressure immediately unfolds its attraction, Meanwhile, the fermentation of the fruit pulp and the Yeast must first use and their effect thus somewhat delayed entry.

By the attractant combination according to the invention is thus not only a particularly attractive and attractive effect on Drosophilidae or Drosophila with also large Reach exercised, but is also a particularly storable and stable attractant combination given.

Furthermore this is the attractant combination according to the invention to a purely biological preparation, in particular for the sensitive food sector is suitable.

Also no odor nuisance occurs during storage and use for the people.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the dependent Claims described.

at a preferred embodiment of the dry attractant combination It is beneficial if fruit pulp and yeast in a given Relative to each other. In this way, the Fermentation and the resulting luring effect optimized. Such an advantageous concentration is in the features of Claim 2 described.

According to one further preferred embodiment, it is advantageous that the aggregation pheromone is too concentrated in its pure form would be with a certain amount of solvent is dissolved and with a certain amount of silica is immobilized. The favorable conditions of Silica to solvent and aggregation pheromone are described by the features of claim 3.

A is particularly effective and beneficial attractant combination given by the features of claim 4.

to further enhancement of attractiveness other attractants according to the features of the claim 5 are added.

to Improvement of the catching effect can be carried out according to the insecticides Characteristics of claim 6 are added.

Around It is further to improve the storability possible, antioxidants, especially vitamin C, according to the Add features of claim 7.

According to one Preferred embodiment, the Drosophilidae- or Drosophila aggregation pheromone not as in the prior art known, dissolved in hexane, but in ethanol. this has the decisive advantage, especially in the food industry, less toxic than hexane. In addition, has ethanol a strong attractant to Drosophila that does not exist in hexane is. Ethanol thus acts combinatorially with the aggregation pheromone together and reinforces the overall effect of the attractant combination.

For the used yeast or dry yeast, it is possible from to scoop different yeast strains, especially advantageous, however, is the use of a Drosophila own Yeast. From such a yeast is special for Drosophila Lock effect.

The dry attractant combination is advantageously in the form of a dry free-flowing powder, as tablets od. Like. in front. In this way, the attractant combination can be easily dosed and be handled and also easily and without spilling be placed in a trap.

The Activation of the dry attractant combination is preferably carried out by the addition of a certain amount of liquid, in particular water according to claim 11 The pulp becomes moist and the yeast activates, which gradually the fermentation begins. To get instant lure, At the same time, the aggregation pheromone immobilized in silica is also formed added and exercises the outgoing from him lure immediately after activation.

The Arrangement of such a dry or activated attractant combination can in a commercial case for fruit flies or similar flies take place.

A dry attractant combination according to the invention can be produced according to the following procedure: It will at least one for Drosophilidae, especially for Drosophila, specific aggregation pheromone, especially cis-vaccenyl acetate cVA, in a defined amount of solvent, in particular Ethanol, dissolved. Subsequently, silicon dioxide, For example, in a mortar, submitted and a defined amount the aggregation pheromone solution, and optionally further liquid or volatile attractants, preferably Acetic acid or an acetate, to or in the silica added. Here, first, the entire amount of the solution to silica, in a single place or evenly distributed in several places, added and then mixed everything or triturated, wherein the mixing or Verreibungsvorgang immediately, especially within a few seconds, after the addition is made or wherein the mixing or Verreibungsvorgang simultaneously with the addition of the solution to the silica. Finally become aggregation pheromone immobilized in this manner dry fruit pulp, in particular dried or freeze-dried Banana marrow, and dried yeast or dry yeast and optionally other dry attractants added.

It Here comes crucial to the immobilization or mixing of the aggregation pheromone with silica. This is namely immobilized too slowly, it comes to heavy losses Evaporation of aggregation pheromone. The said method describes an advantageous embodiment, the lossless manufacturing the dry attractant combination guaranteed.

The Preparation of an exemplary dry attractant combination for Drosophila requires in a first step, a dilution of the 99% synthetic aggregation pheromone cVA. From the state of the art it is known to dilute cVA with hexane as a solvent. But since hexane is toxic and no special attraction to Drosophila has, the dilution is procedurally advantageously carried out with ethanol. In this ethanol solution can also be more liquid or volatile Attractants are added.

Subsequently, silicon dioxide or Aerosil is presented in a mortar. The ethanol solution containing the attractants is then added to the silica. This is done by first adding the entire amount of attractant solution to the silica and mixing or triturating immediately after this addition. This mixing or Verreibungsvorgang must be carried out quickly who to lose as little pheromone or volatile attractants by evaporation. The addition of the attractant solution can take place at a single point in the silica or evenly distributed in several places.

Subsequently become the other dry ingredients or attractants, namely the dry fruit pulp and the dried yeast as well optionally further dry additives or active ingredients added.

in the The following are examples of advantageous compositions of a given dry attractant combinations.

The following starting materials were used by way of example but should not be understood as limiting:
Freeze-dried banana powder, in particular banana, fd Art. No. 72406 from Freeze-Dry Foods GmbH, Greven, Germany, is used as dry fruit pulp, for example.

When Dry yeast becomes, for example, dry baker's yeast, in particular dry baker's yeast IstaFerm from Eagle LALLEMAND INC. Montreal, QC Canada.

The Drosophila aggregation pheromone is also called cis-vaccenyl acetate or (Z) -11-octadecenyl acetate or cVA. Especially becomes cVA of Plant Research International B.V. Pherobank, Wageningen, the Netherlands, with a purity of about 99% used.

Silica or silica is used in the form of Aerosil ^® in any powdery form and grain size, in particular silica having a molecular weight of 60.08 g / mol hochdispers and extra pure Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

Table 1 shows a particularly preferred dry first attractant combination I. Table 1: Dry attractant combination I component Weight (mg) weight Dry fruit pulp 3000 96.8 yeast 50 1.6 Aerosil 50 1.6 ethanol 0,035 0.00113 CVA traces 1.3 E-07 total 3100.035 100

Table 2 shows preferred concentration ranges of the first attractant combination I Table 2: Dry attractant combination I ranges component Variability range (%) Preferred range (%) Dry fruit pulp 70-99 90-98 yeast 0.01-10 1,2-2 Aerosil 1-30 1.5-5 ethanol 0.0009 to 2 0.001-0.01 cVA (99% pure) 6,50361E-08-1,95076E-06 9,75537E-08-3,90205E-07

Table 3 shows a further preferred dry attractant combination II which additionally contains acetic acid. Table 3: Dry attractant combination II component Weight (mg) weight Dry fruit pulp 3000 95.2 yeast 50 1.59 Aerosil 50 1.59 ethanol 0,035 0.00111 CVA traces traces acetic acid 50 1.59 total 3150.035 100

Table 4 shows a further preferred dry attractant combination III in addition acetic acid and dimiline are included. Table 4: Dry attractant combination III component Weight (mg) weight Dry fruit pulp 3000 89.6 yeast 50 1.49 Aerosil 50 1.49 ethanol 0,035 0.001 CVA traces traces acetic acid 50 1.49 Dimilin 200 5.97 total 3350.035 100

Table 5 shows a water-activated attractant combination I of the dry attractant combination I. Table 5: Activated attractant combination I component Weight (mg) weight Dry fruit pulp 3000 2.91 yeast 50 0.0485 Aerosil 50 0.0485 ethanol 0,035 3,395E-05 CVA traces traces water 100000 97 total 103,100.035 100

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• - US 6543181 [0009]

Claims (12)

Dry attractant combination for Drosophilidae or fruit flies, in particular of the genus Drosophila, containing as attractants - dry fruit pulp, in particular dried or freeze-dried banana marrow, - dried Yeast or dry yeast, - at least one for Drosophilidae, in particular for Drosophila, specific Aggregation pheromone, especially cis-vaccenyl acetate cVA, dissolved in a solvent and immobilized with silica. Dry attractant combination according to claim 1, comprising - 70 to 99% by weight, in particular 90 to 98% by weight, dry fruit pulp and - 0,01 to 10% by weight, in particular 1.2 to 2% by weight, of yeast, based on the Total weight of dry attractant combination. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding claims, containing - 1 to 30% by weight, in particular 1.5 to 25% by weight, silicon dioxide, - 0.0009 to 2% by weight, in particular 0.001 to 0.01% by weight, immobilized solvent and - 6 , 5 × 10 ^-8 to 2 × 10 ^-6 % by weight, in particular 9.8 × 10 ^-8 to 3.9 × 10 ^-7 % by weight, of aggregation pheromone dissolved in the solvent, based on the total weight of the dry attractant combination. A dry attractant combination according to any one of the preceding claims comprising - about 96% dry fruit pulp by weight, - about 1.6% by weight of yeast, - about 1.6% by weight silica, - about 0.0011% by weight immobilized solvent and - about 1.3 · 10 ^-7 % by weight of aggregation pheromone dissolved in the solvent, based on the total weight of the dry attractant combination. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims, containing in addition further attractants, such as volatile short-chain carboxylic acids, volatile short-chain alcohols, volatile aryl-substituted Alcohols, organic nitrogen compounds, acetates, sugars, in particular Ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate or isoamyl acetate, styrene, indole, 2-heptanol, 2-methylbutyl-2-methyl butanoate, (Z) -4-hexenyl butanoate, various hexanoates, linalool, eugenol, 2-phenylethanol, 1,2-dimethoxy-4- (2-propenyl) benzene, phenylmethyl acetate and / or acetic acid, especially in amounts of from 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the dry attractant combination. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims containing at least one insecticidal active ingredient, in particular a skinning inhibitor, preferably diflubenzuron, in particular in amounts of 4 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight the dry attractant combination. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims containing antioxidants, in particular vitamin C, in particular in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight the dry attractant combination. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the solvent is ethanol. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims wherein the yeast is a drosophiliac yeast. Dry attractant combination according to one of the preceding Claims, wherein the attractant combination in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder, in tablet form, packed in sachets or gel capsules od. Like. Is present. Activated attractant combination containing the dry Attractant combination according to one of the preceding claims, taken up or suspended or dissolved in liquid, in particular water, the liquid preferably From 90 to 99% by weight, based on the total weight of the activated attractant combination, accounts. Trap for Drosophilidae or Taufliegen, in particular the genus Drosophila, in which the dry attractant combination according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or the activated attractant combination is arranged according to claim 11.