DE19953684C2 - Locking device with a spring-loaded tumbler rotor in a stator, in particular for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a closing device (10) with a rotor (11) which has a cylindrical periphery (17) and which accommodates spring-loaded locking mechanisms on one side. With a closing device of this type, a pivoting tilting moment of the locking mechanisms may occur. A stator (21) for rotationally mounting the rotor (11) has a blocking channel (22) which is delimited by two flanks (23, 24) and into which the end of the spring-loaded locking mechanisms moves when the key is withdrawn, hereby preventing the rotor (11) from turning. The aim of the invention is to render the device more secure against break-in attempts by picking. To this end, there is a widened channel section (40) in the stator (21) on the flank (23) of the blocking channel (22) that is oriented in the direction of the tilting movement (25). When the rotor (11) is moved into a rotation position in the direction of the tilting direction of the locking mechanism following manipulation, the locking mechanism rests on an inwardly pointing support surface provided inside the widened channel section (40) with its end. The locking mechanism therefore projects beyond the periphery of the rotor (11), hereby intercepting any rotation of the rotor (11) back (26) in the opposite direction of rotation from the other flank (24) of the blocking channel (22), resulting from further manipulation.

Description

The invention relates to a locking device in the preamble of Claim 1 specified type. Such devices are attempts to break open exposed by unauthorized persons. A method of breaking open is to close up a so-called "picking process". In this case the tumblers in the Rotor unauthorized, i.e. sorted without the proper key, that the rotor can be rotated in the stator by an intrusion tool. This happens by successive, serial lifting of the individual Tumblers with simultaneous application of torque to the rotor. Due to inevitable tolerances between the tumblers and theirs Guides in the rotor on the one hand and the dimensions of the locking channel in the stator on the other hand, the manipulated guard locking when the torque decreases with one outer edge on the inner surface of the receptacle in the stator support. This means that this tumbler is initially fixed in its sorted position. The corresponding process is done with the subsequent second tumbler  carried out what is finally serial with all other tumblers repeated. This method is supported by the following circumstance.

Each of the tumblers is spring-loaded on one side in the rotor. This creates conditionally due to the tolerances mentioned, tilting of the tumbler in the rotor; it works Tilting moment on the tumbler, which it cant in a direction of rotation. This Direction of rotation of the rotor is hereinafter referred to as "tilting direction" become. The aforementioned closing by the picking method is in Turn-tilt direction easier to perform than in the opposite direction "Reverse direction" should be called. Such devices are in the Rule, starting from a zero position that characterizes the rest position in both Rotatable directions where different functions in the associated lock or Unit to be executed. In one direction of rotation, namely in Tilting direction, a lock assigned to the device can be locked or activate an assigned other unit while in the Reverse direction then unlocking or ineffective. unauthorized might come up with the idea of further improving the picking method by that the tumblers after manipulation are in their tilt-turn position the rotor is at least temporarily fixed in its sorted position. On such fixation can be done by a cold spray, which for a short time radial movement of the tumblers as a result of the spring loading makes them ineffective; the rotor and the tumblers form a temporarily rigid structural unit. This The unit can then be opened using the intrusion tool Move backwards. The temporarily fixed Tumblers across the blocking channel to the opposite side, thereby the device arrives in a working position, normally only from proper key is achieved and z. B. unlocking the Device belonging lock or invalidate the associated Causes aggregate. With this modified picking method, the relatively easy picking method in the direction of tilt, which is simply not serious locking functions also causes the lock to be broken open  use the opposite direction of rotation using a cold spray or the like. Through this further developed breakup method creates the great danger that the particular Protectable locking functions that correspond to the direction of rotation of the rotor reserved, are at risk.

A locking cylinder is known from utility model G 90 02 101.0, which can be opened in two stages. In the first rotational position, the tumblers that engage in the lower blocking channel, moved to the release position and in one second rotational position the rest in the upper blocking channel, which is a channel extension having. This is an easy way to improve the locking cylinder achieved. Prevention of cold picking measures in any position of the rotor is not reached.

Channel extensions of the blocking channel are also known from DE 31 34 469 A1, are not used to prevent attempts to break open by cold Picking measures, but the limitation of the rotatability of the cylinder when Introduction of keys with different authorization levels.

In a known locking cylinder according to patent abstract JP 3-208 971 point both blocking channels on each side reduced channel expansion radial depth. A picking attempt is complicated by the fact that the flank of the Channel expansion is inclined to the direction of movement of the tumbler. When unlocking using picking, the direction of rotation must therefore be changed become.

The invention has for its object a simple, space-saving Locking device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 develop that is difficult or difficult to break open. this will achieved according to the invention by the features stated in claim 1, which has the following special meaning.  

The measure according to the invention has the effect that the guard locking or Tumblers after performing the picking procedure described in Tilting direction of rotation of the rotor is not in the fully sorted position cylindrical circumference of the rotor, which is used for rotating the rotor via a burglary tool or the like in the opposite direction would be required. Therefore ensures the channel expansion mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1. After the The rotor is also manipulated in the tilting direction Rotational position, but the tumbler or tumblers project radially from the cylindrical Circumference of the rotor. The tumbler or tumblers engage in the Channel expansion one, where they on an inward-facing support surface to the system come. Now apply the advanced burglary method mentioned above at the position in the manipulated rotary position of the rotor Tumblers fixed by cold spray or the like, this is the opposite Rotation useless in the sense of counter-rotation. With this opposite The tumblers protrude beyond the cylinder circumference to the opposite flank of the blocking channel. There is a blockage of the Rotor in the stator. A breakdown of the device according to the invention is thereby prevented.

Further advantages and measures result from the subclaims, the following description and the drawings. In the drawings that is Invention and the prior art shown in one embodiment. The cross sections through the device in FIG different positions,

Fig. 1 shows a locking device according to the prior art in the rest position characterizing the zero position of the rotor with the key removed,

Fig. 2 shows the lock of Fig. 1 with the key inserted,

Fig. 3 shows the lock of Fig. 1, when the above-picking method in Kippdrehrichtung of the rotor has been successfully executed at the position shown by a tumbler not shown in detail burglary tool,

Fig. 4, similar to FIG. 1, the output state of the inventive device designed before the associated correct key has been inserted,

Fig. 5, analogous to FIG. 3, the initial phase of picking process of the inventive lock of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 shows the in connection to Fig. 5 resulting later stage of picking method in the inventive device of FIG. 4 and

Fig. 7, the breaking of the lock preventing a final phase of the picking method in the inventive device of FIG. 4.

Figs. 1 to 3 show the state of the art 10 ', while, FIGS. 4 to 7, in corresponding views, the closure device 10 of the invention. The same reference numerals are used in both cases to designate matching components. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 7, there is basically the following identical structure of these devices 10 and 10 '.

The device 10 or 10 'comprises a rotor 11 which has a diametrical guide 12 for a plate-like tumbler 13 . This tumbler 13 is under a one-sided spring load, indicated by a force arrow 14 . A spring 15 , which is arranged in a lateral chamber, serves for spring loading and, when the key is pulled out, presses the tumbler with its one end 16 into one of the blocking channels 22 provided here twice. The blocking channels 22 are arranged diametrically in a stator 21 . In the present case, the device 10 or 10 'comprises a whole group of tumblers which, when the key 30 , which can be seen in FIG. 2, is inserted, engage at points of a cam 31 which are longitudinally offset with respect to one another, which here is formed by the one channel wall of a profiled channel, but also in other ways, e.g. B. could be designed in the form of an incision path. Because the key 30 is designed here as a so-called "reversible key", such control tracks 31 are arranged on both sides of the key shaft in a mirror-image arrangement. For reasons of space, adjacent tumblers 13 of this coulter are acted upon alternately with regard to their spring load 14 , which is why neighboring tumblers 13 move into one of the two opposite blocking channels 22 in the keyless case according to FIG. 1. The blocking channel 22 is delimited by two flanks 23 , 24 . The rotor 11 is provided with a cylindrical circumference 17 , which in the starting position of FIG. 1 is exceeded by the ends 16 of the tumblers 13 .

The stator 21 has a receptacle 27 adapted to the outline 17 , in which the rotor 11 can be rotated in two mutually opposite directions 25 , 26 by the inserted key 30 according to FIG. 2. The starting position of the rotor 10 in the idle state is identified by the line 11.0 indicated by dash-dotted lines in the figure, which will hereinafter be referred to as "zero position" for short. The rotor 11 has a suitably profiled key channel 18 in the longitudinal direction of the axis 20 which is illustrated by the dot-dash line in the figure, about which the rotor 11 can be rotated in the direction of the arrows 25 and 26 . The key 30 is normally used for this. In the inserted state of the key 30 according to FIG. 2, the tumblers 13 are sorted onto the circumference 17 of the rotor 11 and no longer protrude into the blocking channel 22 assigned to them. This sorting is done by counter shoulders 19 , which are positioned according to the associated scanning point of the control curve 31 provided in the key 30 . For individualization and differentiation of the individual devices 10 and 10 'in a disk system of z. B. eight tumblers 13 suffice four different height levels compared to an initial height of the cam 31 in one and / or in the other height direction.

By inserting the key 30 , the rotor 30 with the tumblers 13 can then be transferred from the zero position 11.0 described above during the rotation 25 of FIG. 2 into the first working position, which is also shown there by the dash-dotted plane 11.1 , where drivers 11 connected to the rotor 11 can perform the desired functions on the device with which the device 10 or 10 'is intended to cooperate. 11.1 can be one of several working positions of the rotor 11 . In the present case, the rotation in the direction of arrow 25 , for the purpose of conceptual distinction, is to be referred to as “tilting direction of rotation” for reasons that can be seen in more detail below, while a rotation 26 in the opposite direction is to be called “counter-direction of rotation”. Because of the unavoidable tolerance in the dimensioning of the tumbler 13 on the one hand and the guides 12 in the rotor 11 on the other hand, the tumblers 13 can tilt due to the one-sided spring load 14 , as can be seen from FIG. 1. A torque acts on the tumbler 13 , the direction of which is illustrated in FIG. 1 by an arrow 28 . This tilt rotation 28 is limited by internal stops, for. B. by the stop of the spring load 14 receiving nose on the receptacle 27 of the stator 21st At one edge 32 of the tumbler according to FIG. 1, which points in the tilting direction 25 of FIG. 2, a position which is more favorable with respect to the break-open method of a so-called "picking method" described below than at the other edge 33 . This is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.

In the picking process, as already mentioned at the beginning, each of the interfering tumblers is successively displaced against the spring load 14 using a suitable tool, the rotor 11 being in the zero position 11.0 of FIG. 1. At the same time, a gentle torque is exerted in the tilting direction 25 . The result of this is that, as shown in FIG. 3, the manipulated tumbler 13 finally comes out of the blocking channel 22 and its favored edge 32 is just supported on the inner surface of the receptacle 17 provided in the stator 21 . This method is carried out in a corresponding manner in the following tumblers. Finally, on all tumblers 13 of the rotor 11 , the tumbler edge 32 is supported on the inner surface of the receptacle 17 by the stator, which already allows a minimal rotation of the rotor 11 from the zero position 11.0 according to FIG. 3. After this first break-in phase, the rotor 11 can be transferred in the tilting direction 25 of FIG. 2 into the working position 11.1 there, where the functions assigned to the device 10 'or 10 would also be achieved via the break-in tool.

In the device 10 according to the invention, the working position 11.1 , which is shown in FIG. 6 and described in more detail, is assigned an functions which are insignificant for the safety of the device 10 , e.g. B. when used in a vehicle lock, the locking of the associated lock. Thus, the manipulations mentioned, although the working position 11.1 has been reached in FIG. 6, would not result in the lock 10 according to the invention being opened. An analog assignment could be provided in the known device 10 ', which is why the above-mentioned adjustment of the rotor 13 in the tilting direction 25 caused by the break-in tool would not yet succeed in breaking open the lock, but ultimately a break in the known device with the following another trick possible.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the known device 10 ', the sufficient insertion position of the tumbler 13 achieved in the rotor by manipulations in the tilting direction 25 could be temporarily fixed. For this it is sufficient, for. B. bring a cold spray 34 or the like. Through the key channel in the sense of the insertion arrow 35 , which fixes this manipulated position of the tumbler 13 at least temporarily. This is illustrated in Fig. 3 by fixing points 36 between the tumbler 13 and the inner limits of the guide 12 provided in the rotor 11 , which, for. B. can consist of ice crystals. Then the spring load 14 is set ineffective. In the known device 10 ', the rotor 11 could then be turned back in the opposite direction 26 of FIG. 3. Because of the temporary fixing of the tumbler 13 in the rotor 11 in this manipulated position, the rotor can be turned over the associated blocking channel 22 without the fixed tumbler 13 being able to extend radially due to the spring load 14 . Thus, the rotor 11 also reaches the opposite working position 11.2 already described in connection with FIG. 2, where essential functions are to be carried out on the associated device. A lock would then have to be unlocked in the working position 11.2 . It can thus be ascertained that in the known device 10 ', the described turning back and forth 25 , 26 in connection with manipulations and fixation-effective means ultimately allows the associated lock to be broken open.

The invention avoids this by a very simple, inexpensive measure, as will be explained with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. It is sufficient to deal only with the differences, while in other respects, as already mentioned, the previous description applies.

An essential difference of the invention is that, according to FIG. 4, the flank 23 pointing in the direction of tilt and rotation does not have the same step height as the flank 24 facing in the opposite direction of rotation 26 . At least in the area of one of the tumblers 13 , a channel extension 40 is provided in the stator 21 in the device 10 . At this point there is a combination channel formed from the blocking channel 22 and the channel extension 40 , which is height-profiled in itself. One can speak of the fact that the total flank of this combination channel pointing in the tilting direction can be divided into flank sections 37 , 38 which are offset in relation to one another, of which only two are provided in the present case. The outer flank section - seen in the radial direction - forms the already mentioned first flank 23 of the blocking channel 22 with, as said, a smaller depth. The remaining flank section 38 of this combination channel is then located at the inner end of the channel extension 40 . The two sections 37 , 38 are here offset in relation to one another over the given width 47 of the channel extension 40 . This channel widening has a clear width 41 that is enlarged compared to the actual receptacle for the rotor 11 . However, this is made flatter than the total radial depth 42 of the blocking channel 22, which can be read on the opposite flank 24 , as shown in FIG. 4. The blocking channel depth 42 is essentially determined by the height difference between the channel base 39 and the cylinder circumference 17 .

It is understood that in the device 10, the rotor 11 could have only a single tumbler 13 . However, the device 10 normally has a group of tumblers 13 with counter shoulders 19 that are individually offset in height from one another. It is sufficient to provide the channel extension 40 only on one of these tumblers, while in the remaining area the rotor 10 , where the other tumblers are located, can be designed in a known manner. A plate system with eight tumblers has proven itself, with the channel extension 40 being positioned at a location that is as favorable as possible in terms of production or space. For this purpose, the first or the last tumbler can be used, but above all the one that assumes a particularly favorable altitude of its counter shoulder 19 with regard to the securing effect to be explained in more detail. For manufacturing reasons, you can also use the front or rearmost group of this guard locking coulter for this. It is of course particularly safe to provide all tumblers 13 of this family with such a channel extension 40 . If necessary, the mentioned increased clear radial width 41 could then be designed differently for each tumbler.

FIG. 5 shows the device 10 according to the invention in a manipulated situation, which was shown and described with reference to the known device 10 'in FIG. 3. In FIG. 6, the previously described tilting rotation 25 of the rotor 11 has reached the rotational position with manipulated tumbler 13 that illustrates the harmless working position 11.1 , but it differs significantly from the analogous situation of the known device explained with reference to FIG. 3 10 '. In the device according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the manipulated tumbler 13 comes to rest on an inwardly facing support surface 44 of the channel extension 40 . The tumbler 13 with an end piece 43 extends beyond the peripheral surface 17 of the rotor 11 . If now, analogously to FIG. 3, the fixation 36 is carried out by a cold spray 34 or the like, nothing is achieved, as can be seen from FIG. 7.

, The manipulated radially offset position of the tumblers 13 in the rotor 11 of FIG. 6 as will be apparent from the fixing points 36 in FIG. 7, at least temporarily fixed. If, starting from the harmless working position 11.1 also illustrated in FIG. 7, a violent rotation is carried out in the opposite direction of rotation 26 , the manipulated tumbler 13 strikes with its protruding end piece 43 on the opposite second flank 24 of the blocking channel 22 . A further rotation of the rotor 11 from the zero position 11.0 that can be seen in FIG. 7 in the sense of the fictitious arrow 46 is blocked. Working situation 11.2 cannot be achieved by the described burglary procedure. The device 10 according to the invention is burglar-proof.

In the present case, the radial depth 41 of the channel widening 40 is constant compared to the clear receiving width 45 , which is otherwise unchanged at this point and is illustrated by the bracket in FIG. 7 and which is determined by the cylindrical periphery 17 of the rotor 11 . The support surface 44 in the channel extension 40 thus runs essentially coaxially with the rotor axis 20 . If necessary, profiling could be provided here.

As will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 6, the channel extension 40 , viewed in the tilting direction 25 , is expediently designed with a channel width 47 which is greater than the angular amount 48 between the zero position 11.0 and the most distant working position 11.1 .

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Device according to the invention

10

'Device according to the prior art

11

Rotor of

10

respectively.

10

'

11.0

Zero position of

10

respectively.

10

'(

FIG.

1

respectively.

6

)

11.1

Working situation of

10

respectively.

10

'at

25

(

FIG.

2

respectively.

6

)

11.2

Working situation of

10

respectively.

10

'at

26

respectively.

46

(

FIG.

2

respectively.

7

)

12

diametric guidance

13

tumbler

14

Arrow of the spring load of

13

15

Pen for

14

16

End of

13

17

cylindrical circumference of

11

Outline

18

Key channel in

10

For

30

19

Counter shoulder on

13

For

31

20

Axis of

11

21

Stator of

10

respectively.

10

'

22

Blocking channel in

21

For

16

respectively.

43

23

first, in

25

pointing flank

24

second, in

26

pointing flank

25

Arrow in the direction of tilt from

11

26

Arrow in reverse direction from

11

27

Recording in

21

For

11

28

Arrow from

13

in

12

for tilt rotation (

FIG.

1

)

29

Nose on

13

30

Key for

10

respectively.

10

'

31

Control curve on

30

, Control track

32

one towards

23

pointing edge of

13

(

FIG.

1

)

33

others towards

24

pointing edge of

13

(

FIG.

1

)

34

Cooler spray

35

Insertion arrow for

34

36

Fix point between

13

and

11

(

FIG.

3

respectively.

6

)

37

outer flank section at

23

(

FIG.

4

)

38

remaining flank section at

40

(

FIG.

4

)

39

Channel bottom of

22

(

FIG.

4

)

40

channel expansion

41

radial depth of

40

, increased clear width of

40

(

FIG.

4

)

42

Blocking channel depth (

FIG.

4

)

43

outstanding tail of

13

(

FIG.

6

)

44

Support surface in

40

For

43

(

FIG.

6

)

45

clear reception distance for

11

in

21

(

FIG.

7

)

46

blocked further rotation of

13

at

10

(

FIG.

7

)

47

Width of

40

48

Angular amount between

10.0

and

10.1

(

FIG.

6

)

Claims (6)

1. Locking device ( 10 ) with a cylindrical circumference ( 17 ) having a rotor ( 11 ) which has radial guides ( 12 ) for at least one plate-shaped, spring-loaded tumbler ( 13 ), in particular for vehicles
the one-sided spring load ( 14 ) in the guide ( 12 ) of the rotor ( 11 ) exerts a tilting torque ( 29 ) on the tumbler ( 13 ),
with a stator ( 21 ) which has a receptacle ( 27 ) for rotating the rotor ( 11 ),
with a proper key ( 30 ) assigned to the device ( 10 ), which can be inserted into the rotor ( 11 ) and is used for the rotary actuation ( 25 , 26 ) of the rotor ( 11 ),
and with at least one blocking channel ( 22 ) delimited by flanks ( 23 , 24 ) in the stator ( 21 ), into which the tumbler ( 13 ) enters when the key ( 30 ) is pulled out, sits in front of the flanks ( 23 , 24 ) and rotates the rotor ( 11 ) in the stator ( 21 ) is prevented,
the rotor ( 11 ) can be rotated by the inserted key ( 30 ) in the receptacle ( 27 ) of the stator ( 21 ) from a zero position ( 11.0 ) optionally in two mutually opposite directions to at least one further working position ( 11.1 , 11.2 ),
namely on the one hand in a tilting direction of rotation ( 25 ) which is the same as the tilting of the tumbler ( 13 ) and on the other hand in an opposite direction of rotation ( 26 ),
characterized by
that the stator ( 21 ) has a channel extension ( 40 ) on the one flank ( 23 ) of the blocking channel ( 22 ) pointing in the tilting direction of rotation ( 25 ) at least in the initial rotation range of at least one tumbler ( 13 ), said channel extension ( 40 ) compared to the receiver ( 27 ) for the rotor ( 11 ) has an increased internal width ( 41 ), but is flatter than the radial depth ( 42 ) of the blocking channel ( 22 ),
that the rotor ( 11 ) can be manipulated from the zero position ( 11.0 ) without a key into a rotational position in which this tumbler ( 13 ) at least partially protrudes into the channel extension ( 40 ) and there on an inwardly facing support surface ( 44 ) comes to the plant, and
that the width ( 47 ) of the channel extension ( 40 ) extends over an angular range of the receptacle ( 27 ) in the stator ( 21 ) which is at least equal to the angular amount ( 48 ) of the rotary actuation of the rotor ( 11 ) between the zero and the outermost Working situation ( 11.0 , 11.1 ). 2. Device in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the flank of a profiled overall channel ( 22 , 40 ) pointing in the tilting direction ( 28 ) in the stator is divided into at least two flank sections ( 37 , 38 ) arranged so as to be offset in relation to one another, wherein - in the radial direction seen - the outer flank section ( 23 ) delimits the blocking channel ( 22 ), while the remaining flank section ( 38 ) is removed therefrom by a channel widening ( 40 ) radially offset in height from the channel base ( 39 ) of the blocking channel ( 22 ). 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 with a family of tumblers ( 13 ) in the rotor ( 11 ) which scan the inserted key ( 30 ) at mutually longitudinally offset locations ( 31 ), characterized in that the channel extension ( 40 ) only in the area of attack the first and / or last tumbler ( 13 ) of this group or in the area of the foremost group and / or the rearmost group of tumblers ( 13 ) is arranged in this group. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2 with a family of tumblers ( 13 ) in the rotor ( 11 ), which scan the inserted key ( 30 ) at mutually longitudinally offset locations ( 31 ), characterized in that the channel extension ( 40 ) in the attack area of all Tumblers ( 13 ) is provided in the stator ( 21 ). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the radial depth ( 41 ) of the channel extension ( 40 ) in the stator ( 21 ) compared to the outside of the channel extension ( 40 ) in the stator ( 21 ) provided clear receiving width ( 45 ) for the rotor ( 11 ) is essentially constant at least in places. 6. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to S. characterized in that the support surface ( 44 ) of the channel extension ( 40 ) extends substantially coaxially to the axis ( 20 ) of the rotor ( 11 ).