DE19634424C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem HochtemperatursupraleiterInfo
- Publication number
- DE19634424C2 DE19634424C2 DE19634424A DE19634424A DE19634424C2 DE 19634424 C2 DE19634424 C2 DE 19634424C2 DE 19634424 A DE19634424 A DE 19634424A DE 19634424 A DE19634424 A DE 19634424A DE 19634424 C2 DE19634424 C2 DE 19634424C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- temperature superconductor
- silver
- layer
- current
- current limiter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004247 CaCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/45—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides
- C04B35/4521—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on copper oxide or solid solutions thereof with other oxides containing bismuth oxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N60/0268—Manufacture or treatment of devices comprising copper oxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
- H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
- H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
- Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
- Y10S505/881—Resistance device responsive to magnetic field
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19634424A DE19634424C2 (de) | 1996-08-26 | 1996-08-26 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter |
| EP97810544A EP0828333A3 (en) | 1996-08-26 | 1997-07-29 | Method for making a current limiter with a high Tc superconductor and current limiter |
| CA002213115A CA2213115C (en) | 1996-08-26 | 1997-08-15 | Process for producing a current limiter having a high-temperature superconductor, and current limiter |
| US08/912,833 US6177856B1 (en) | 1996-08-26 | 1997-08-19 | Process for producing a current limiter having a high-temperature superconductor, and current limiter |
| BR9704495A BR9704495A (pt) | 1996-08-26 | 1997-08-25 | Processo para preparação de um limitador de corrente com um supercondutor dealta temperatura e limitador de corrente |
| JP9229358A JPH10136561A (ja) | 1996-08-26 | 1997-08-26 | 高温超電導体を有する電流制限器の製造方法及び電流制限器 |
| US09/690,831 US6476706B1 (en) | 1996-08-26 | 2000-10-18 | Current limiter having a high-temperature superconductor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19634424A DE19634424C2 (de) | 1996-08-26 | 1996-08-26 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE19634424A1 DE19634424A1 (de) | 1998-03-05 |
| DE19634424C2 true DE19634424C2 (de) | 1998-07-02 |
Family
ID=7803707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19634424A Expired - Fee Related DE19634424C2 (de) | 1996-08-26 | 1996-08-26 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strombegrenzers mit einem Hochtemperatursupraleiter |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6177856B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0828333A3 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH10136561A (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9704495A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2213115C (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE19634424C2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0942475A3 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Tubular support structure for a superconducting device |
| DE19827227A1 (de) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Siemens Ag | Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Leiterbahnanordnung aus Hoch-T¶c¶-Supraleitermaterial sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung der Einrichtung |
| DE19836860A1 (de) | 1998-08-14 | 2000-02-17 | Abb Research Ltd | Elektrisch stabilisierter Dünnschicht-Hochtemperatursupraleiter sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Verfahrens |
| DE19839636A1 (de) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-02 | Asea Brown Boveri | Kraftwerk mit einem von einer Turbine angetriebenen Generator sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Kraftwerkes |
| DE19856607C1 (de) | 1998-12-08 | 2000-03-02 | Siemens Ag | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit mindestens einer von einer isolierenden Schicht abgedeckten Leiterbahn unter Verwendung von Hoch-T¶c¶-Supraleitermaterial |
| DE19929277A1 (de) * | 1999-06-25 | 2000-12-28 | Abb Research Ltd | Hochtemperatursupraleiteranordnung |
| DE19957981A1 (de) * | 1999-12-02 | 2001-06-07 | Abb Research Ltd | Hochtemperatursupraleiteranordnung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE10003725C5 (de) * | 2000-01-28 | 2004-12-30 | Siemens Ag | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung mit Hoch-Tc-Supraleitermaterial sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung der Einrichtung |
| JP4750925B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-12 | 2011-08-17 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 限流器 |
| EP1172914A1 (de) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-16 | Abb Research Ltd. | Supraleitender Strombegrenzer |
| EP1220337A1 (de) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-03 | Abb Research Ltd. | Supraleitender Strombegrenzer |
| EP1524748B1 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2008-02-27 | Nexans | Superconducting current limiting device with magnetic field assisted quenching |
| CN1973381A (zh) * | 2004-06-24 | 2007-05-30 | 独立行政法人产业技术综合研究所 | 超导故障－限流元件及其制造工艺 |
| EP1622209B1 (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-11-21 | Nexans | Cylindrically shaped superconductor component and its use as resistive current limiter |
| CN103035354B (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-11-23 | 东北大学 | 一种无绝缘超导磁体 |
| US20210313087A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2021-10-07 | The Texas A&M University System | Methods and compositions for fabrication of superconducting wire |
| RU195807U1 (ru) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-05 | Закрытое акционерное общество "СуперОкс" (ЗАО "СуперОкс") | Высоковольтное токоограничивающее устройство |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4961066A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-10-02 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Fault current limiter |
| JPH05251763A (ja) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 酸化物超電導限流導体の製造方法 |
| JPH05251758A (ja) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 酸化物超電導限流導体の製造方法 |
| EP0592797A2 (de) * | 1991-02-22 | 1994-04-20 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rotationssymmetrischen Formteiles eines Hochtemperatursupraleiters |
| WO1996010269A1 (de) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-04 | Abb Research Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung |
| DE19520205A1 (de) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-05 | Siemens Ag | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung unter Verwendung von Hoch-T¶c¶Supraleitermaterial |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1146592A (en) * | 1915-01-09 | 1915-07-13 | Edwin F Northrup | Resistance. |
| GB1180678A (en) | 1968-04-22 | 1970-02-11 | Shell Int Research | Operation of a Pressure-Type Atomizer |
| IT1125202B (it) | 1976-05-06 | 1986-05-14 | Wabco Westinghouse Spa | Resistore a sicurezza intrinseca |
| JP2661902B2 (ja) * | 1986-10-16 | 1997-10-08 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 超電導マグネツトの製造方法 |
| US4970197A (en) * | 1987-04-22 | 1990-11-13 | Fujikura Ltd. | Oxide superconductor |
| US5661112A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1997-08-26 | Hatta; Shinichiro | Superconductor |
| KR910003660B1 (ko) | 1987-11-09 | 1991-06-08 | 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 | 초전도 한류기(superconducting current limiting apparatus) |
| US4943792A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1990-07-24 | General Electric Company | Superconducting switch pack |
| AU647024B2 (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1994-03-17 | Lanxide Corporation | Methods for forming macrocomposite bodies and macrocomposite bodies produced thereby |
| JPH04359626A (ja) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-11 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 限流装置 |
| DE4119984A1 (de) | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-24 | Hoechst Ag | Resistiver strombegrenzer |
| JPH05300644A (ja) * | 1992-04-20 | 1993-11-12 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 超電導限流器 |
| AU4791793A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-03-03 | Arch Development Corporation | High temperature superconducting fault current limiter |
| DE4441279C1 (de) * | 1994-11-19 | 1995-09-21 | Abb Management Ag | Vorrichtung zur Strombegrenzung |
| DE19542162C2 (de) * | 1995-11-11 | 2000-11-23 | Abb Research Ltd | Überstrombegrenzer |
| US5912607A (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-06-15 | American Superconductor Corporation | Fault current limiting superconducting coil |
-
1996
- 1996-08-26 DE DE19634424A patent/DE19634424C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-07-29 EP EP97810544A patent/EP0828333A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-08-15 CA CA002213115A patent/CA2213115C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-08-19 US US08/912,833 patent/US6177856B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-25 BR BR9704495A patent/BR9704495A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1997-08-26 JP JP9229358A patent/JPH10136561A/ja active Pending
-
2000
- 2000-10-18 US US09/690,831 patent/US6476706B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4961066A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-10-02 | Asea Brown Boveri Ab | Fault current limiter |
| EP0592797A2 (de) * | 1991-02-22 | 1994-04-20 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines rotationssymmetrischen Formteiles eines Hochtemperatursupraleiters |
| JPH05251758A (ja) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 酸化物超電導限流導体の製造方法 |
| JPH05251763A (ja) * | 1992-03-09 | 1993-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 酸化物超電導限流導体の製造方法 |
| WO1996010269A1 (de) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-04 | Abb Research Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur strombegrenzung |
| DE19520205A1 (de) * | 1995-06-01 | 1996-12-05 | Siemens Ag | Resistive Strombegrenzungseinrichtung unter Verwendung von Hoch-T¶c¶Supraleitermaterial |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2213115C (en) | 2005-05-03 |
| EP0828333A2 (de) | 1998-03-11 |
| JPH10136561A (ja) | 1998-05-22 |
| BR9704495A (pt) | 1999-01-19 |
| US6476706B1 (en) | 2002-11-05 |
| EP0828333A3 (en) | 1998-04-22 |
| US6177856B1 (en) | 2001-01-23 |
| DE19634424A1 (de) | 1998-03-05 |
| CA2213115A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8328 | Change in the person/name/address of the agent |
Free format text: ZIMMERMANN & PARTNER, 80331 MUENCHEN |
|
| R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140301 |