DE19615306A1 - Prefabricated roof with inbuilt solar collectors - Google Patents

Abstract

The solar collectors are installed in their frame (2) in-works, the frame formed by vertical rafters (3) so as to form part of the roof. Each frame has two rafters enclosing a vertical prefabricated roof element (4), the two rafters joined into panels by a lower-mounted horizontal crosspiece (5). Rafters and crosspieces are screwed or dowelled to one another and the crosspieces have ventilation slots or are dimensioned to permit ventilation of their own accord. The rafters (2) are vertically grooved (8) to take the collectors and the top edges of the crosspiece lie below those of the rafters and also below the mounting surface of the groove (8). Plywood etc. plates fitted to the top edge of the crosspiece give a closed panel surface, the rafters furnished with ridge and eaves boards. Adjoining rafters have two troughs between (15,16) to take the collectors and also insulating material which is arranged on the top edge of the crosspiece or on the plates placed underneath the solar collectors. Preferred insulation is provided by polyurethane foam.

Description

The invention relates to a kit for creating a Roof based on the characteristics of the generic term of Main claim

Collector roofs, d. H. Roofing with Collectors are provided, prove conventionally in terms of assembly and Sealing often as complex constructions. The suburb assembly times are for collector roofs considerably according to the state of the art. Also the Aperture area, d. H. which is used by the collectors Roof area is due to the conventional Fastening systems are often not used optimally. Also the overall aesthetic appearance of the roofs is Installation systems according to the state of the art mostly not satisfactory. Another problem with the state of the art Technology is the occurrence of moisture damage as often due to the known fastening systems and necessary protective measures to prevent the intrusion of Avoid rainfall in the roof, a there is insufficient ventilation.

For large collector areas with conventional ones Collector sizes, the line system is very complex because horizontal and vertical ducts in the Collector area must be visibly installed in order to the individual collector groups with prefix and Return lines. This is the Aperture area very limited.

Furthermore, in installation systems according to the state of the Technology often encountered not insignificant defects  triggered by the warping of the roof substructure were.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to alleviate all the disadvantages described or to even eliminate, creating a kit should, in particular, the assembly time on site can be minimized.

This object is achieved by a kit according to the character of the proposed claim solved.

Particularly preferred developments of the invention are in marked the subclaims.

According to the invention is now a frame for the collectors prepared in which these are used sunk, this frame also the roof structure, so forms the traditional entablature of the roof. Thus a factory preparation. Through this There is the possibility of integrating the measure Collectors in such a way that a largest possible aperture area is achieved. The frame forming vertical rafters can be shaped and be made so that the collectors so far overlap that the butt joint, d. H. the area that is not is overlooked by the collector, kept as small as possible becomes. The framework according to the invention consists of at least two vertical rafters, each one vertical Include collector field. A collector field that through a prefabricated component is formed, each has left and right rafters on through horizontal crossbeams forming fields are connected.  

These are preferably so-called half rafters, with two half rafters two Segments that collide, a complete Form rafters. The connection between rafters and Cross bolt is by means of dowelling or screwing created. To counteract moisture damage To take measure, the crossbars are by means of Vents interspersed with in the area of Eaves screed arranged ventilation inlets / outlets correspond. Also in the area of the ridge screed such ventilation outlets / entrances arranged. Alternatively the crossbars can also be used for the ventilation slots geometric, d. H. be dimensioned in such a way that rear ventilation is effected. This includes Drilled holes or notches are suitable. The rafters of the frame point for the purpose of recessed inclusion of the Collectors each have a vertically running fold. The Crossbars are positioned lower than the rafters, so that the top edge of the crossbar below the Rafter top and below the seat surface of the Fold are arranged.

Plates can be arranged on the upper edge of the crossbars that form a closed field surface. These plates preferably consist of Chipboard material or plywood. But it can also be a other material can be used for stabilization against the insulating layer to be arranged above Deflection is suitable.

The rafters are finished with a ridge plank and provided with an eaves plank. Another characteristic of The present invention is that between two Rafters are formed at least two troughs that are used for  relocate the collectors and the Insulating material are suitable one above the other. The Insulating material can be on the top edges of the crossbars or arranged on the plates below the collectors will. The structure of a prefabricated roof element consists of the crossbars arranged between the rafters with the Ventilation slots or the corresponding Ventilation geometry, one arranged on it Fleece layer, one arranged on the fleece layer Insulating layer, one arranged above the insulating layer Vapor barrier, another over the vapor barrier arranged insulating layer, one above this Insulated layer arranged line system of a Absorbers with convection brake and one from the absorber spaced glass cover. Preferably there is Vapor barrier made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The insulating material layer is made of inorganic outgassing-free material created. The pipe system is part of an absorber and is preferred formed from copper pipes over which the real one Absorber strip is arranged. The glass cover is there from a low-iron structured safety glass.

Another feature of the present invention is in that the impact of the individual segments of the Glass cover within a prefabricated roof element by means of an end face silicone joint is created by an anodized aluminum cover is overlapped, whereby a butyl tape between cover and safety glass is inserted and the glass cover with its ends in a silicone spray seal bed on an as Rest on the web that acts as a convection brake.  

As already mentioned, the collectors protrude to the optimum Use of space beyond the rafter edge, so that a largest possible aperture area is achieved. Of the Glass cover joint along the rafters between two Prefabricated roof elements is by means of a Cover strip or continuous cap covered and sealed pressure bar with sealing profile on the rafters attached. The frame parts are mostly made of wood created, in particular the vertical rafters for Purposes of torsion and delay security Wooden glue components exist. The collectors are according to the invention in the frame or in the vertical rafters integrated.

Another feature of the present invention is in that collecting pipes are arranged in the ridge area, where to compensate for linear expansion in are used in a manner known per se.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the Invention provides that under the crossbar Heat protection element can be arranged.

The rafters are preferably with a notch provided to accommodate the pipe duct in the ridge area. To the kit according to the invention to conventional Adjusting roof coverings are appropriate Connection elements provided. Here is a so-called Simultaneous rafters are used along the outer Rafters is arranged, and for receiving the pressure bar with cover strip and a cover frame and also for Picking up the incoming roof battens of the connecting roof suitable is.

The simultaneous rafters is preferably by one  Support bar and a final cheek formed arranged one above the other along the outer rafters be attached. The covering frame towers above the Support bar arranged end cheek and the Connection joint between this and the incoming Roof batten. The cover frame has preferably a Z-shaped shape with a hook-shaped edge, which under the outer shaft of the Connection brick protrudes. Outside the brick is also a water baffle in the longitudinal direction of the covering frame positioned and below the edge of the brick Foam wedge inserted.

If as insulation glass wool instead of polyurethane a support pad is to be used, which can also consist of cardboard, for example.

As already stated, the rafters exist preferably from glued wood trusses to avoid warping and Eliminate tensions as much as possible. The Rafter geometry is chosen so that half Rafter elements frame the finished elements, then when two prefabricated roof elements meet from the two halves of rafters each a total rafters is formed.

In principle, the kit according to the invention provides three Integrate insulation or insulation layers. First is the directly under the absorber, preferably from inorganic insulating material and outgassing-free material created layer provided under which a vapor barrier is preferably made of aluminum.  

Among them, for example Polyurethane foam layer can be inserted, which consists of a solid insulating body or from loose pourable or made of pressed material. The further one Insulation layer can be made from the actual roof insulation consist. The insulating layer that is below the absorber is arranged, forms a continuous flat surface for Absorber absorption. The one under the middle Insulation layer arranged nonwoven layer can also by equivalent material to be replaced Stabilization of the insulation layer against deflection suitable is. As previously described, are suitable for Isolation or insulation of various materials. Polyurethane foam is particularly suitable.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is in the roof for the purpose of Accessibility of slides and valves on the inlet and Drainage pipes arranged an inspection flap, which itself extends over the pipe channel in a sealing manner. This inspection flap is attached in the gable area, by means of a hinge arranged on the gable side acting silicone tape so the inspection flap here is arranged foldable. On the opposite The page is on an underneath the inspection flap Support lip pinned a nut so that the flap can be screwed. By means of the hinge-like Silicone tape is one in the flow direction of the Rainwater  horizontal seal, so that no penetration of Moisture or wetness is possible. The opposite Page is outside the flow line of precipitation. Nevertheless, a foam rubber seal can be used here, for example be inserted.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the The present invention provides that the Sparran elements of two neighboring prefabricated roof elements or frames on their adjacent rear walls extending at least partially over the rafter length Have grooves that hold an anchor bracket are suitable. This anchor bracket is from the Screws to be inserted into the rafter top and ensures a uniform level of height since the rafters then by means of a tongue and groove system interlock.

Using the attached drawings, the particular show preferred embodiments of the invention these are now described in more detail.

Show:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the frame forming the roof structure.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through a first variant of the frame;

Fig. 2a the eaves plank

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through a second variant of the frame;

Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the kit according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross section through the frame;

Fig. 6 is an enlargement of the first portion;

Fig. 7 is an enlargement of the eaves portion;

Fig. 8 is an enlargement of the joint area of two frame parts between two prefabricated roof elements

Fig. 9 also an enlargement of a surge region, here the shock within a prefabricated roof element;

Fig. 10 shows the arrangement of the tubular channel in the region of the roof ridge according to the invention;

11 is provided for in the ridge of the roof rafters or in the notch for receiving the pipe channel.

FIG. 12 is the terminal portion of the kit of the invention to conventional roofing;

Fig. 13 is a front view of a house showing the installation of the kit according to the invention in the roof of this house.

. Fig. 14 is shown in Fig 8 and 12 pressure profile shown together with the cover strip and the sealing profile in a magnification;

FIG. 15 is the collector;

Fig. 16 shows a variant with an inspection flap in the gable area.

Fig. 17 shows a further installation example of the kit according to the invention;

Fig. 18 is an enlargement of the detail marked "A" in Fig. 17.

In Fig. 1 the frame 2 forming the roof structure can be seen. The collectors are not shown here for the sake of clarity. The frame 2 is formed from vertical rafters 3 , each of which includes a vertical collector field or a prefabricated roof element 4 . A prefabricated roof element 4 has a left and a right rafter 3 . The subsequent collector field or prefabricated roof element is in turn formed by two rafters 3 , so that at the joint of two prefabricated roof elements 4 there is a double rafters consisting of two halves of rafters, one on the left and one on the right. The rafters 2 of a prefabricated roof element 4 are spaced apart, the spacing being created by horizontal crossbeams 5 forming individual fields. The connection between the rafters 3 and the crossbars 5 is made by means of dowels 6 or screws (see for example Fig. 4 or 5).

These rafters 3 preferably consist of so-called glue-laminated beams. These are free from distortion and torsion, so that there are no negative influences on the collectors. The crossbars 5 are set lower than the upper edge 10 of the rafters. A fold 8 is also incorporated in the longitudinal direction of the rafters 3 on the top edge 10 of the rafters. A seating surface 11 is thus created for the collectors, the crossbars 5 being arranged below the rafters upper edge 10 and below the seating surface 11 of the fold 8 . Thus, a trough 15 is formed between two rafters by the fold 8 and a further trough 16 is formed underneath it except for the cross bar 5 . In the trough 15 between two rafters, ie up to the seating surface 11 of the fold 8 , the collector can be received sunk, while in the second trough 16 the insulating material 17 (see FIG. 4) comes to rest.

Fig. 2 shows a first variant of the present invention in a longitudinal section. One can see a rafter 3 and the transverse bars 5 arranged along the rafter length and forming fields. At the end, a ridge plank 13 or an eaves plank 14 are provided in the lower area. The eaves plank 14 can be seen in FIG. 2a.

FIG. 3 shows a variant compared to FIG. 2. Here plates 12 are placed on the upper edges 9 of the crossbars 5 , which form a closed field surface. The aforementioned insulating material 17 (not shown here) can be placed on these plates 12 so that it is positioned below the collectors.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show cross sections of the present invention. A left and a right rafter 3 can be seen , which are connected by the crossbars 5 . In this exemplary embodiment, the connection is made via dowels 6 . The incorporated fold 8 of the rafters 3 can be clearly seen here. This forms the first trough 15 for receiving the solar collector 1 . Due to the shoulder on the fold 8 , the second trough 16 is formed between the two rafters 3 . This is where the insulating material 17 comes in.

In Fig. 5 the cross bar 5 can be seen, in the ventilation slots 7 are incorporated. These correspond to the ventilation inlets / outlets 19 in the area of the ridge board 13 or with the ventilation inlets / outlets 18 in the area of the eaves board 14 (see FIGS. 6 + 7).

As an alternative to the ventilation slots 7 , the crossbars 5 can also have a geometry which effects or ensures the rear ventilation. This geometry can be designed, for example, by notches or through holes.

Fig. 6 shows the kit according to the invention in the area of the ridge board. 13 The collector 1 is in the sunken situation in the prefabricated roof element 4 . The structure of the collector or the prefabricated roof element, which is not indicated here, has been described above.

With the Fig. 6 is intended to illustrate that the transverse bars are provided with the rear ventilation geometry 5, wherein they are present here, for example by ventilation slots 7 that correspond to the vent outlet 19 in the region of the ridge board. 13 The same applies to the ventilation slot 7 of the cross bar 5 in cooperation with the eaves plank 14 , according to FIG. 7. Here, the ventilation inlet 18 is marked, which ensures the air flow to the ventilation slots 7 up to the ventilation outlet 19 . These measures are also important means for the present invention, since this is often not taken into account in the prior art. Ventilation is one of the most important elements in counteracting moisture damage, especially in the case of carefully carried out insulation and insulation work.

Fig. 8 shows the joint of two panels 1 in the region of the connection of two spars 3, of two adjacently positioned prefabricated roof elements 4 and the frame 2. In addition to the fold 8 , the rafters 3 have a recess 38 which is set lower and into which the cross bar 5 is inserted and dowelled. In particular, reference should be made to the overlap of the collector 1 over the rafters 3 . The glass cover 35 is thrust along the rafter 3 covered by means of a by a cap-like strip 36 and sealed -pressing strip attached to the rafters 3 37th The advantage of the cover strip 36 described is that it is pressed into the pressure strip 37 and held under a sealing effect.

According to FIG. 8, the multi-layer arrangement of insulating and insulating materials can be seen. Starting from the collector side, the insulating material layer 23 can first be seen, which is to be created from inorganic and outgassing-free insulating material. The layer underneath forms a vapor barrier 22 . Here aluminum or its alloys is suitable as a material to be processed. Below this is the middle insulating layer 17 , which can be made from an insulating body or from loose pourable or also pressed material. In the case of pourable material, care must be taken to ensure that a closed field surface in the form of plates 12 comes to rest on the crossbars. These plates 12 also act as stiffeners of the prefabricated roof element. The actual conventional roof insulation 57 then takes place under the crossbars, all conventional and known materials and methods being used here.

With reference to FIG. 9, reference is further made to the collector structure or the kit. The joint 28 of the individual segments of the glass cover 27 within a prefabricated roof element is created by means of a silicone joint 29 on the end face.

The silicone joint 29 is overlapped by an anodized aluminum cover 30, wherein between the cover 30 and the glass cover 27 is a butyl tape is inserted 31, and the glass cover 27 rests with its ends 32 in a silicone injection sealing bed 33 on an acting as convection web 34th

Furthermore, the exemplary structure of this can be seen from the longitudinal section through a prefabricated roof element 4 . The inside of the rafter element is identified by reference number 3 . A fleece layer 20 is followed by an insulating layer 17, for example a polyurethane foam layer, which is covered by an aluminum vapor barrier 22 . An insulating material layer 23 , which is created from an inorganic outgassing-free material, is then preferably used. The subsequent collector structure provides the line systems 24 made of copper pipe, which are covered by the absorber layer. The absorber layer is the actual absorber strip 21 . The absorber strip 21 and the line system 24 form the absorber 26 . A convection brake 25 is also found in the level of the line system 24 . A cavity 39 is formed between the absorber 26 and the glass cover 27 .

Fig. 10 shows the tubular channel 40 in the region of the roof ridge. In this pipe channel 40 , both the feed pipe 41 and the discharge pipe 42 are inserted, which are connected with their flexible screw connections 43 to the pipe system of the collector 1 .

Fig. 11 shows a rafter 3, which has in the region of the ridge has a notch 44 for receiving the tubular duct 40.

Fig. 12 shows the connection of the kit according to the invention to the conventional roof covering. In order to first deal with this conventional roof covering, the roof tile is identified by reference number 45 . In a known manner, this roof tile 45 retensions on a roof batten 46 . In order to again simulate a double rafter, a support for the pressure bar 37 and its cover bar 36 is arranged on the back of the rafter 3 . In this exemplary embodiment, this support is formed by a support bar 47 which intercepts the roof batten 46 and an end cheek 48 .

For the purpose of sealing, an approximately Z-shaped covering frame 49 is provided, which rests on the upper edge 50 of the end wall 48 , extends approximately vertically downwards onto the roof batten 46 and is guided in a hook shape with a bent edge 51 under the outer shaft 52 of the roof tile . Outside the roof tile 45 , an angular water baffle 53 is arranged along the roof tile 45 . A foam wedge 55 , for example, is arranged in the space 54 formed between the water baffle 53 and the bead 51 on the edge. The measures described above create a reliably sealing connection between the kit according to the invention and conventional roof covering.

In Fig. 13, the installation method of the kit according to the invention can be seen. FIG. 13 shows a building in front view, in the roof 56 of which the kit according to the invention is integrated.

In this exemplary embodiment, two surfaces, each consisting of five prefabricated roof elements 4, are installed. Otherwise, the same elements are identified with the same reference symbols in all drawings.

FIG. 14 shows an exemplary embodiment of a glass cover joint 35 according to FIGS. 8 and 12 in an enlargement. The pressure strip 37 shown here with sealing profile 60 and cover strip 36 can also be found at the transition point to the conventional conventional roof.

The pressure strip 37 with its sealing profile 60 is placed over the glass pane 27 of the collector exactly in the joint area of two such panes. The positioning takes place in such a way that the screw 68 can be screwed into the free joint area of two glass panes 27 and cuts into the rafters. When screwing in, the sealing profile 60 is pressed onto the substructure, so that the pressure strip 37 is seated firmly. The pressure strip 37 has on its long sides two U-shaped portions 69 , the upwardly open legs 66 and 67 of which are directed against the cover strip 36 to be applied. An elastic clamping means 62 is introduced into the U-shaped portions 66 and 67 so that the cover strip 36 can be pressed into this clamping means 62 and adheres firmly here. The cover strip 36 also has two U-shaped portions 63 on its outer longitudinal sides. The outer leg 64 overlaps the pressing profile 37 in such a way that the tip of the outer leg 64 also projects sealingly into the sealing profile 60 . The inner webs 65 of the cover strip 36 are pressed into the clamping means 62 .

Fig. 15 shows the collector 1 with its pipe system 24. The collector 1 extends over the complete prefabricated roof element.

FIG. 16 shows a further embodiment variant of the present invention, the pipe channel 40 , in which the supply and discharge pipes 41 and 42 are located, being sealed with a revision flap 70 . This inspection flap 70 is arranged in a partial area of the pipe duct 40 . The remaining area of the pipe channel 40 is covered in a conventional manner. A special feature of this inspection flap 70 is that it can be swung open like a flap without removing it from the pipe channel 40 . In order to ensure the tightness, a silicone band 71 acting as a hinge is arranged on the gable side and extends over the entire length of the inspection flap 70 . On the opposite side, a nut 73 known per se is attached to a support lip 72 which engages under the inspection flap 70 . The inspection flap 70 engages over the support lip 72 , which has an upwardly drawn edge 74 . The inspection flap 70 has an edge 75 bent downward in this area. This roof-like arrangement prevents moisture or flowing precipitation from penetrating. A screw 76 is passed through the flap and engages in the nut 73 , whereby the inspection flap 70 is closed. In addition, it is possible to insert a foam rubber seal, not shown, in the area of the overlapping edges 74 and 75 .

Fig. 17 shows an embodiment of the kit according to the invention, wherein two at the joint frame 2 or prefabricated roof elements 4 particularly suitable compound measures are taken. These measures can best be explained with reference to FIG. 18, which shows the part marked “A” in FIG. 17 in an enlargement. Grooves 78 , for example extending over the entire length of the rafters, are machined into the rear walls 77 of the rafters 3 . In this embodiment, a pair of grooves is provided, which are arranged at the same distance from the top edge of the rafters, so that the mutually corresponding grooves of two rafters run at the same height. An anchor bracket 79 comes to rest in the grooves 78 , thus forming a tongue and groove connection between two rafters 3 . By inserting the mounting screw 68 , the anchor bracket 7g is gripped and the connection between the two rafters 3 is fixed.

The development of this vertical, freely variable large prefabricated roof element with integrated The high-performance collectors for water heating offers Possibility of factory pre-assembly by the High-performance collectors can be integrated in the factory. The Dimensions are each variable and from Architects or builders can be determined. The active area of the roof can be increased by about 20 to 25%. Compared to the known collectors in standard sizes 1.3 m × 5 m, referred to as so-called large collectors are designed for large roof areas and not suitable for cost reasons. Your horizontal installation (Long side lies across the roof) is by the architects rejected for aesthetic reasons.

The specified external fixed dimensions of these "large collectors" leave no variable, extending over the entire roof Overall integration too. In contrast, with the present kit design according to the invention vertical and variable in size Prefabricated roof elements eliminated this rejection. The vertical large collectors according to the invention consist of two parallel glued wood trusses with Cross connections, are unsupported and in each desired overall length adapted to the roof. The The width of the vertical elements results from the width of the entire roof and moves depending on the statics between 1 m and 1.40 m. The horizontal outer division  of the vertical elements is left to the architect and also depends on the maximum glass dimensions of 2.50m. The internal absorber is also vertical arranged and extends continuously from ridge to Eaves. The header pipes for supply and return are below the ridge in a covered pipe duct. The Flow from top to bottom and vice versa optimal, so that with this kit according to the invention also no air problems can arise in the absorber. Through the vertical arrangement of the absorber with an upper fixed point the downward linear expansion is also guaranteed. Furthermore, the kit according to the invention has the following Advantages on: It can be extremely narrow vertical and horizontal cover strips or cross bars with additional full cover of the screws can be used. It is an unobstructed drainage of rainwater and Guaranteed sliding of the snow because of the height of the Cross sprouts is only about 3 mm.

There are horizontal and vertical tin boxes in the Collector field and on the side of the roof surface for and return to the individual collectors, which avoided would greatly affect the overall picture. Furthermore, on request on the roof element according to the invention insulation on the room side with a vapor barrier. The Installation takes place quickly and regardless of the weather. The Prefabricated elements are only placed side by side on the purlins placed and screwed together. When using the Large elements according to the invention are therefore omitted Roof, as this is replaced by the collector. This can reduce the investment costs for the roof offset against the investment costs of the solar collector be what the use of solar technology essential  cheaper. The kit according to the invention offers a unlimited variation.

Reference list

1 collector
2 frames
3 rafters
4 prefabricated roof element
5 crossbars
6 dowels
7 ventilation slots in 5
8 fold of 3
9 top edge of 5
10 top edge of 3
11 seating area of 8
12 plates
13 ridge plank
14 eaves plank
15 trough
16 trough
17 insulating material
18 ventilation inlet / outlet at 14
19 ventilation outlet / inlet at 13
20 fleece layer
21 absorber strips
22 vapor barrier
23 layer of insulating material
24 pipe system
25 convection brake
26 absorbers
27 glass cover
28 push
29 silicone joint
30 aluminum cover
31 butyl tape
32 ends of 27
33 silicone spray seal bed
34 bridge
35 glass cover joint
36 cover strip
37 Pressure bar
38 recess in 3
39 cavity between 26 and 27
40 pipe channel
41 supply pipe
42 discharge pipe
43 flexible screw connections
44 notch for 40
45 roof tiles
46 roof batten
47 support bar
48 final cheek
49 covers
50 top edge of 48
51 edge of 49
52 outer shaft of 45
53 water baffle
54 space between 53 and 51
55 foam wedge
56 roof
57 heat protection elements under 5
58 simultaneous rafters
59 connecting joints between 46 and 48
60 sealing profile
61 -
62 clamping means
63 U-shaped portions of 36
64 outer legs of 36
65 inner bridge of 36
66 legs of 37
67 legs of 37
68 mounting screw
69 U-shaped portion of 37
70 access panel
71 hinge-like silicone band of 70
72 support lip
73 mother
74 edge of 72
75 edge of 70
76 screw
77 rafter rear wall
78 groove in 77
79 anchor bracket

Claims (50)

1. Kit for creating a roof by prefabricated roof elements with integrated large collectors, characterized in that the collectors ( 1 ) are used in the factory in at least one frame ( 2 ) which consists of rafter elements ( 3 ) arranged vertically at least on both sides and at the same time part of the roof construction forms. 2. Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that a frame ( 2 ) consists of at least two vertical rafters ( 3 ), each including a vertical prefabricated roof element ( 4 ). 3. Kit according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a prefabricated roof element ( 4 ) each has a left and a right rafter ( 3 ). 4. Kit according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the left and right rafters ( 3 ) are connected by horizontal, field-forming crossbars ( 5 ). 5. Kit according to claim 4, characterized in that the connection between rafters ( 3 ) and crossbar ( 5 ) is formed by means of dowels ( 6 ) or screws. 6. Kit according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the crossbars ( 5 ) are penetrated by means of ventilation slots ( 7 ). 7. Kit according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the crossbars ( 5 ) are dimensioned so that rear ventilation is effected. 8. Kit according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the rafters ( 3 ) of the frame ( 2 ) for the recessed mounting of the collectors ( 1 ) each have a vertically extending fold ( 8 ). 9. Kit according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the crossbars ( 5 ) relative to the rafters ( 2 ) are positioned lower. 10. Kit according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper edge ( 9 ) of the cross bar ( 5 ) below the rafter upper edge ( 10 ) and below the seat surface ( 11 ) of the fold ( 8 ) is arranged. 11. Kit according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that on the upper edge ( 9 ) of the cross bar ( 5 ) plates ( 12 ) are arranged. 12. Kit according to claim 11, characterized in that the plates ( 12 ) form a closed field surface. 13. Kit according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that the plates ( 12 ) are made of chipboard material or plywood. 14. Kit according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the rafters ( 3 ) are provided at the end with a ridge plank ( 13 ) and an eaves plank ( 14 ). 15. Kit according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that between two rafters ( 3 ) at least two troughs ( 15, 16 ) are formed which are suitable for receiving the collectors ( 1 ) and for receiving insulating material ( 17 ). 16. Kit according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that the insulating material ( 17 ) on the upper edges ( 9 ) of the cross bar ( 5 ) or on the plates ( 12 ) below the collectors ( 1 ) is arranged. 17. Kit according to claim 1 to 16, characterized in that in the area of the eaves plank ( 14 ) with the ventilation slots ( 7 ) or with the rear ventilation geometry of the crossbars ( 5 ) corresponding ventilation inlet / outlet ( 18 ) is arranged. 18. Kit according to claim 1 to 17, characterized in that in the region of the ridge screed ( 13 ) with the ventilation slots ( 7 ) or with the ventilation geometry of the crossbar ( 5 ) corresponding ventilation outlet / inlet ( 19 ) is arranged. 19. Kit according to claim 1 to 18, characterized in that the construction of a prefabricated roof element ( 4 ) from the crossbars ( 3 ) arranged between the rafters on both sides ( 5 ) with a corresponding ventilation geometry or ventilation slots ( 7 ), a fleece layer arranged thereon ( 20 ), one arranged on the fleece layer (20) insulating layer (17), arranged over the insulating layer (17) vapor barrier (22), one arranged above the vapor barrier (22) layer of insulating material (23), one disposed over the layer of insulating material (23) pipe system ( 24 ) an absorber ( 26 ) together with a convection brake ( 25 ) and a glass cover ( 27 ) spaced from the absorber ( 26 ). 20. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the vapor barrier ( 22 ) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 21. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the insulating layer ( 23 ) consists of inorganic outgassing-free material. 22. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the absorber ( 26 ) consists of a line system ( 24 ) and an absorber strip ( 21 ). 23. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the glass cover ( 27 ) consists of a low-iron structured safety glass. 24. Kit according to claim 23, characterized in that the joint ( 28 ) of the individual segments of the glass cover ( 27 ) is created within a prefabricated roof element ( 4 ) by means of an end-face silicone joint ( 29 ) which is overlapped by an anodized aluminum cover ( 30 ) A butyl tape ( 31 ) is inserted between the cover ( 30 ) and safety glass and the ends ( 32 ) of the glass cover ( 27 ) rest in a silicone spray seal bed ( 33 ) on a web ( 34 ) acting as a convection brake. 25. Kit according to claim 1 to 24, characterized in that the collectors ( 1 ) protrude beyond the rafters ( 3 ) for optimal use of space. 26. Kit according to claim 1 to 25, characterized in that the glass cover joint ( 35 ) along the rafters ( 3 ) between two prefabricated roof elements ( 4 ) by means of a cover strip ( 36 ) covered and sealed pressure strip ( 37 ) with sealing profile ( 60 ) is attached to the rafters ( 3 ). 27. Kit according to claim 1 to 26, characterized in that the frame ( 2 ) is made of wooden parts. 28. Kit according to claim 27, characterized in that the vertical rafters ( 3 ) consist of wood glue components. 29. Kit according to claim 1 to 28, characterized in that the collectors ( 1 ) in the frame ( 2 ) or in the vertical rafters ( 3 ) are integrated. 30. Kit according to claim 1 to 29, characterized in that in the area below the ridge to allow a uniform flow through the individual prefabricated roof elements ( 4 ) header pipes are arranged horizontally. 31. Kit according to claim 30, characterized, that to accommodate the expansion of the manifolds that Connections of the absorbers on the flow and return with flexible stainless steel connection hoses, Fittings and shut-off device equipped are. 32. Kit according to claim 1 to 31, characterized in that a heat protection element ( 57 ) can be arranged under the cross bar ( 5 ). 33. Kit according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rafters ( 3 ) have a notch ( 44 ) for the purpose of receiving the pipe duct ( 40 ). 34. Kit according to claim 1 to 33, characterized in that a simultaneous rafter ( 58 ) along the outer rafter ( 3 ) is arranged as connection elements to adapt to the conventional roof covering, which for receiving the pressure bar ( 37 ) with cover bar ( 36 ) and a covering frame ( 49 ) and the roof battens ( 46 ) of the connecting roof is suitable. 35. Kit according to claim 34, characterized in that the simultaneous rafter ( 58 ) is formed from a support bar ( 47 ) and an end cheek ( 48 ). 36. Kit according to claim 34, characterized in that the covering frame ( 49 ), the end cheek ( 48 ) and the connecting joint ( 59 ) between the roof batten ( 46 ) and end cheek ( 48 ) is arranged covering, the covering frame of approximately Z-shaped Shape and has a hook-shaped edge ( 51 ) which projects under the outer shaft ( 52 ) of the connecting tile ( 45 ). 37. Kit according to claim 36, characterized in that an angular water baffle ( 53 ) is arranged outside the brick ( 45 ) on the covering frame ( 49 ). 38. Kit according to claim 36 and 37, characterized in that between the water baffle ( 53 ) and the hook-shaped edge ( 51 ) of the covering frame ( 49 ), under the outer shaft ( 52 ) of the brick ( 45 ), a foam wedge ( 55 ) is arranged. 39. Kit according to claim 1 to 38, characterized in that the rafters ( 3 ) consist of half rafter elements. 40. Kit according to claim 1 to 39, characterized in that a continuous flat surface for receiving the absorber ( 26 ) is formed by the insulating layer ( 23 ) below the absorber ( 26 ). 41. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the fleece layer ( 20 ) or a layer of an equivalent material is suitable for stabilizing against bending of the insulating material ( 17 ). 42. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the insulating material ( 17 ) consists of polyurethane foam. 43. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that the insulating material ( 17 ) consists of an insulating body. 44. Kit according to claim 19, characterized in that in the presence of a carrier plate, the insulating material ( 17 ) consists of pourable, loose or pressed insulating material. 45. Kit according to claim 22, characterized, that the piping system is made of copper material is created. 46. Kit according to claim 1 to 45, characterized in that a revision flap ( 70 ) is arranged in the roof. 47. Kit according to claim 46, characterized in that the inspection flap ( 70 ) is arranged in the gable sector, in the region of the sliders and valves located on the inlet and outlet pipes ( 41 , 42 ). 48. Kit according to claim 46 to 47, characterized in that the inspection flap ( 70 ) extends sealingly over the pipe channel ( 40 ). 49. Kit according to claim 46 to 48, characterized in that the inspection flap ( 70 ) is arranged on the gable side by means of a continuous silicone band ( 71 ) acting as a hinge. 50. Kit according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rafter elements ( 3 ) two adjacent
Prefabricated roof elements (4) at least partially have at their adjoining rear walls (77) on the rafter length extending grooves (78), which are suitable for accommodating at least one anchor bar (79), that the width of the anchor strap is designed (79) so that this protrudes into two adjacent grooves ( 78 ) and that the anchor bracket ( 79 ) can be gripped by screws ( 68 ) which are introduced from the rafter top side.