DE1958460A1 - Device for protecting passengers inside a vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Mr. Raymond EZQUERRA 25 Place Nioolas Frumeaud TOURS (Indre-et-Loire) - France -

Device for protecting passengers inside a vehicle.

Device for the protection and restraint of occupants in the seats of vehicles in the event of a sudden occurrence Impact effects. This safety device provided inside a vehicle is used to protect a vehicle advance each occupant in the event of a violent jolt forward or a sudden stop of a vehicle an obstacle

Devices of this type generally consist of seat belts or belts. You have the « would give to hold the upper body of the person to be slit so that they are not thrown forward

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However, these belts and straps do not provide adequate protection. The person's head won't held back, so that severe injuries can result from a violent throwing forward, even when the upper body is held on the backrest · In addition, the belts and straps are incapable of any To provide protection in the event of a violent collision.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a Protective device with a greater safety factor

™ create. This object is achieved according to the invention by one around the upper body of the occupant and on the back of the seat in a horizontal position Arch-shaped protective element pivotably mounted in the transverse axis, the side arms of which end in the transverse axis in the operating position rest freely on the shoulders of the occupant and together with the transverse arched part when the upper body bounces forward through the Swing the supports up on the shoulders and lay down in front of the occupant's head to protect and support them to absorb the impact.

fe The protection that supports the head of the occupant forwards · » element is with one that presses the occupant against the horizontal part of the seat when the vehicle rolls over Holder connected

The holder is formed duroh on the arched middle part of the protective element and straps attached to fixed points. Invention according to the arcuate protective element for the Head of the occupant assigned a second arc-shaped protective element, which in the inoperative position in front of the

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Is held at the back of the occupant's head and, in the event of a sudden impact, automatically naoh kind of a Helravisiers pans in front of the face, the first being Schut element can be swiveled up according to its position into the lower area of the head and the second Protective element can be pivoted down to the upper area of the head on the Sits »

In a further embodiment of the invention, the second arcuate protective element has at least one counterweight or the like to change its center of gravity. which, if the vehicle suddenly decelerates, swivels the protective element forwards from the rear inoperative position

At least one of the two protective elements is made up of two semi-rigid, superimposed at a distance, formed U-shaped brackets whose side arms are brought together in a common pivot point and where the Space between the overlying brackets through a flexible, preferably transparent wall is filled out.

The two U-shaped brackets that form the respective protective element are made of a deformable metal a plastic coating.

In another embodiment, these are the respective Protective element forming U-shaped two brackets made of inflatable tubes with walls made of flexible Material formed.

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In the area of the bearings for the two protective elements these springs, which are held in the rest position, are preferably provided «

The common bracket for the two swiveling ones Protective elements have a head cushion attached to the upper edge of the vehicle or form one,

The idea of the invention, the various embodiments is described in more detail with the aid of the accompanying drawing. "It shows:

Fig. 1 is a side view of such a protective device, which is located on the upper part of a driving ' vehicle seat is attached;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the lower part of the protective device;

3 shows another exemplary embodiment of the protective device in side view}

FIG. K shows a front elevation of the rotatable arch provided in this exemplary embodiment, which is intended to protect the driver when the vehicle overturns; FIG.

w Fig. 5 is a side view in which two other

Protective elements are shown that can play the same role.

Eei the embodiment shown in FIG the device according to the invention has three complementary Elements, namely a lower element serving as a support, an upper element as a support and protective helmet serving element 2 and finally protective belts 3 »the person to be protected when rolling over or being thrown hold on to the car.

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The first two protective elements 1 and 2 have the shape of an arch, the middle part of the arch la and 2a al " Cross bars are attached while its two side arms 1b and 2b extend rearward, on both sides in the longitudinal direction to the axis of the driver's seat

At their rear end points, the side arms 1b and 2b of these two arches move around a common horizontal transverse axis ha. These two arches can therefore rotate around axes of movement that are in the extension of the two arches, behind the driver's neck.

These two articulation points are advantageously carried by a common support.This can consist of a bracket 4 with a cushion 5 that serves as a headrest for the driver.This bracket k is designed so that it sits on the upper edge, i.e. the backrest of the seat 6, can be attached.

The lower protective element 1 is mainly formed by the two sheets 7a and 7b made of semi-rigid material These are arranged one above the other, with the two front parts, however, being a certain distance apart, while their lateral arms converge at their rear ends, i. e. converge at the pivot point

These two arcs 7a and 7b are by a certain number connected by cross struts 8. It can also be a flexible and transparent partition Material introduced between the two sheets 7a and 7b to close the gap

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The general shape of the device is such that it can be placed in front of the upper body of the person to be protected, as shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that in this position there is a certain space between the chest of the person and the protective device exists, so the latter in no way interferes with the normal movements of the slit Disabled person.

The distance between the two side arms 1b of the lower part of the protective device is arranged so that the both arms 1b are in front of the shoulders of the person to be slit. In addition, the lower arch 7a two moving parts 9, which in a way represent shoulder pieces on the shoulders of the to be protected Person rest when the protective element 1 is in the normal rest position. It can be beneficial a spring 10 can be provided to hold the protective element 1 in this position. It is essential that, when this protective element 1 is in the rest position, it does not in any way reduce the person's view » The driver is not hindered if this element is attached in front of him.

In the event of a sudden stop in front of an obstacle or a violent collision in an accident, the driver's upper body is immediately thrown forward. Xin such a case, the shoulders of the person exert a pressure on the shoulder pieces 9 of the un- _; outer protective element 1 from »

The latter pivots upward in the direction of arrow F 1 and assumes position 1a, as shown in dashed lines in Figure 1 is shown, with corresponding abutments

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are provided to hold the contactor element 1 in this position. The pivotable protective element 1 forms in a certain way a support which prevents the head from falling forward and at the same time slits it in the event of a collision, for example if the vehicle "falls apart ¹¹ or is" deformed ".

The protective element 1 can fulfill the latter task by that it forms a harness or cage that covers the lower part of the head with a relatively large clearance encloses · The frame of the cage consists of two semi-rigid arches that absorb violent impacts by themselves deform, whereby a weakening of the impact effect is achieved.

The sheets 7a and 7b can be made of any material exist. They can also consist of inflatable tubes with flexible walls. In this case If the cross struts 8 are of a similar type, the wall provided between the two arches can possibly consist of one inflatable pillows are made. The front part of the sheet can also have a grid or the like, preferably polarized, be retractable or not, thereby avoiding dazzling the driver target.

In view of the fact that the shoulder pieces 9 are movable it is possible to adjust their position according to the format and obesity of the person to be protected.

Due to its rotatability, the lower protective element 1 can be pivoted completely backwards when the

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Device is not in use. The protective element 1 is held in this position by the spring 1O, whose tension can be regulated and thus plays a double role. When a person sits on the seat 6 sets, it is sufficient to fold the lower protective element 1 forwards in order to put it into its normal use To take a position »so that it can take action if necessary.

The protective element 1 can, however, also be in the rearward position. In the event of an impact or a sudden stop of the vehicle it automatically goes into its active position by swiveling forward under the influence of its mass inertia.

This element is advantageously used in conjunction with two straps 3 attached to the lower end, which are arranged over the thighs of the person to be protected are. These straps 3 can be attached to a ring 11, which is elastic by a spring 12 or some other Device is connected to the front part of the lower arch 7a of the protective element 1. This spring 12 or a corresponding other organ is advantageously grounded se provided with a shock-absorbing cover *

The two belts · 3 can therefore be used by the person to be protected Hold on to the seat 6 when the car is rolled over or skid. »The two belts 3 do not interfere with this Tilting up the element 1 in spite of the presence of the spring 12, otherwise it is possible to use another connecting means insert between the two straps 3 in order not to impair the functionality of the protective element 1 disturb.

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The two straps 3 can also by other the Means that bring about immobility of the person to be protected are replaced, e.g. by a belt that passes between the legs.

The Schützelament 2 attached to the head has a similar one Structure like the protective element 1 on »It is also formed from two arches 13a and 13b made of semi-rigid material or inflatable cushions.

The side arms of these two arches are "curved as shown in FIG. 1". A spring Ik 'holds this protective cover 2 in the rest position 2a, as shown by the dashed contours. In addition, this element remains in this position "when the person to be protected sits down on the seat 6". This upper protective element 2 automatically swivels forward like a helmet visor into its intended position 2 when the vehicle jerks forward or suddenly stops will"

The forward pivoting of this protective element 2 is through causes the moment of inertia under the action of its own weight. For this purpose are the side arms this protective element 2 is provided with counterweights 15, the position of which can be changed so that the Setting of this protective element can be regulated. This setting can be changed by changing the spring tension be effected.

When the protective element 2 is pivoted forward, it forms a protective cage which encloses the upper half of the head. This is held in place at the front, reducing the risk of an accident, e.g. due to a violent ruok of the head

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front, is turned off. In addition, this cage can also secure the upper half of the head against impact, which can occur when the body falls apart.

The protective element 2, just like the protective element 1, has a double function * The arches 13a and 13b exist made of semi-rigid material, but can also be inflatable rollers in this case »

If the lower protective element 1 remains in the rearward position, so it is pulled forward by the protective element 2 when this pivots forward in the event of an accident.

When the two protective elements 1 and 2 are in their intended position, the head is the one to be slit Person almost completely enclosed, which ensures perfect protection.

In addition, these protective elements 1 and 2 can also hooks or the like. To have a connection in this position maintain among them. Of course, the hooks or the like are on the outer sides, so they can be reached by the auxiliary person who comes to the aid of the occupants of a vehicle.

In a simplified embodiment, the inventive Device to have only one of the two protective elements 1, 2 previously described, e.g. Support 1.

The device according to the invention can be very diverse Have execution sjbrmen. This is how your mechanism or system can be used to fold back and swivel forwards

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the upper protective element in the event of a jolt or sudden stop is effected electro-mechanically be·

This mechanism can also be operated by a sensitive element that works through inertia, which reacts automatically when the vehicle is suddenly stopped.

The mechanism should be designed in such a way that its function can be set as desired so that it can be used in a Deceleration of a certain magnitude can come into action, either as a jerk forward or a sudden one Hold what can possibly be dangerous.

As already indicated, the two pivotable protective elements 1 and 2 are advantageously movably mounted on a common support, namely by a holder h _t which, moreover, forms a headrest. However, it is also possible to mount these two protective elements 1 and 2 on another support or directly on the frame * of a vehicle seat.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment of the invention Device. Here, a protective element 1 forming a support is also provided. However the Belts 3, which are intended to hold the person in place when the car is rolled over or thrown, are different replaces pivotable element 16, which is of similar structure to the protective element 1. However, the arrangement is this rotating element is reversed, namely its horizontal axis of rotation is in front.

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This axis consists of two movable bearing journals 17t which are carried by two arms 18 which are rotatable on a support 19 attached to the steering column are attached *

The part that is delimited by the two arches which form the element 1 is so large that the element 1 protrudes over the steering wheel 20 to forward to be able to be folded into the rest position 16a.

However, this element is intended to be folded into position 16 when the driver is on his Seat has taken place. It can be an abutment or some other suitable means of achieving immobility be provided in order to hold the element 16 in the corresponding position in which the arc pointing towards the center of element 16 is located over the driver's thighs. If the vehicle overturns in an accident, so this device keeps the driver in place.

If the driver wants to leave the seat, he must of course first fold up the element 16, which with the protective element 1 can be connected, so that by folding up the element 16 also the protective element 1 with after is pivoted at the rear. This connection can be made by a rope 21, which is arranged over appropriately Deflection rollers 22 runs.

The element 16 can possibly also be connected to a mechanism which ensures that the door of the vehicle remains closed when the element 16 is down

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is folded down into its intended position. So the driver can turn on the protective element at the same time bring you to your destination and keep the door closed »Of course, folding down the element pulls you 16 the folding down of the support 1 after itself when these two elements are connected to one another by a rope 21 are as shown in Figure 3 «

Because the two legs 18 are rotatably mounted, the position of the element 16 can be precisely adjusted depending on the size of the driver and how he adjusts the seat

If the element 16 is intended to ensure the immobility of an occupant and not that of the driver, it can be rotatably attached to the dashboard if the occupant is seated in the front of the car, or it can be attached to the back wall of the seats if an occupant sitting in the back of the car is slotted shall be,

Figure 5 shows two further protection systems that the driver or slit the occupants when the vehicle overturns. One or the other of these two systems can also replace the belts 3 shown in FIG.

The first of these two systems consists mainly of a horizontal bar 23 which is placed in front of the lower half of the upper body. This rod 23 is attached to the upper end of a vertical axis 2k which is rotatably mounted inside a sleeve 25. The latter itself is mounted on a horizontal guide rail 26 on one side of the corresponding seat

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is mounted. In this way, the sleeve 26 can after. Can be adjusted lengthways if desired. However can this position can also be regulated upwards by means of appropriate fastening means. So it is possible to regulate the position of the rod 23 very precisely, taking into account the body size of the person to be protected.

The staff should be positioned across the body of the person to be protected when they are seated. But he can also take the position shown in Figure 5 in dashed lines when the person wants to leave their seat. In addition, corresponding means are provided inside the sleeve 25 to make the vertical axis 2k immobile in one or the other position.

Of course, this system should be coupled with a support 1, as shown in FIG. In addition, the Device also have an upper protective element 2, similar to that shown in FIG.

The second system shown in FIG. 5 consists of a crossbar 27 which is carried by two rotatable arms 28 which are arranged on either side of the seat and which move over two axes 29. These are advantageously mounted in vertical guide rails, which in turn are provided in two brackets 30 attached to the sides of the rear wall, whereby the position of the axes 29 with respect to the height can be regulated.

The dimensions of the arch formed in this way are sufficient for it to go around the person to be protected and into the

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Position 28 shown in dashed lines is guided. In this position only he supports himself Cross arm 27 on the thighs to be slit Person on.

The device according to the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described above. The device can also have other protection systems which further increase the safety of the occupants of a vehicle. It is also possible to attach a device for reading 3 ¹ , the position of which can be regulated (see FIG. 5).

Otherwise, the protective element 1 or 2 can be constructed in this way Ensure that dangers arising from the driver falling asleep are eliminated. · For this purpose a certain .Spielraum about the axes of movement of the two elements can be provided and electrical contacts may be included that are included in the electrical circuit that brakes the car and causes the function of a warning device with piercing sound. Should the driver fall asleep, support his head on one side or the other against element 1 or 2, thereby closing the contact, aq which the brake and the warning device are connected, is effected.

The two protective elements can also be designed so that they hold the engine and make it work another warning device with a sound and / or light effect in the event of an accident, especially if a sudden stopping or skidding of the vag

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The emergency aid service is alerted by the action of this warning device.

As for the automatic stop of the engine, any risk of fire is eliminated in the event overturning a vehicle.

Of course, it is possible to create a protective device according to the invention for every person in the car, or only for the people sitting in front. It should also be noted that this protective device can be incorporated not only in automobiles, but also in vehicles of other types, for example in airplanes. In the case of a rail vehicle, this device can be provided at the driver's seat. This ensures that the train can be braked and stopped even when the driver has fallen asleep _e

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: V1 _e yDevice for protecting and holding occupants on the seats of vehicles in the event of sudden impacts, characterized by an arc-shaped protective element (1), which is guided around the upper body of the occupant and pivoted on the back of the seat in a horizontal transverse axis (4) In the operating position, the side arms ending in the transverse axis (k) rest freely on the shoulders of the occupant and, together with the transverse arched part, pivot upwards through the supports on the shoulders when the upper body bounces forward and protectively and supportively to absorb the impact put in front of the inmate's head, 2o device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the protective element (1) supporting the head of the occupant forwards with one of the occupants during the rollover of the vehicle is connected to the horizontal part of the seat pressing holder (3 or 23 or 27). 3 »Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the holder is formed by straps attached to the central arch part of the protective element (i) and to fixed points _e 4, device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the arcuate protective element for the head of the occupant is assigned a second arcuate protective element (2) is, which is held in the inoperative position in front of the back of the head of the occupant and at a 009835/1275 sudden impact automatically like a Helmet visor swivels in front of the face, the first protective element (1) according to its position up to the The lower area of the head can be swiveled up and the second protective element (2) into the upper area of the head is pivoted down on the seat. 5o device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the second arcuate protective element (2) to change its center of gravity has at least one counterweight or derglo, which in the event of a sudden delay of the vehicle, the protective element is pivoted forward from the rear inoperative position (2). 6, device according to claim k _f, characterized in that at least one of the two protective elements (i and 2) is formed from two semi-rigid, spaced one above the other, U-shaped brackets, the side arms of which are brought together in a common pivot point and in which the space between the overlying brackets is filled by a flexible, preferably transparent wall _e 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the respective protective element (1 and 2) forming two U-shaped brackets are made of a deformable metal with a plastic coating. 8 »Device according to claim 6, characterized in that that the respective protective element (1 and 2) forming U-shaped two brackets made of inflatable tubes with Walls are made of pliable material. 009835/1275 «19 - 9. Apparatus according to claim k, characterized in that in the region of the bearing points for the two protective elements (1 and 2) these springs are provided which hold them in the rest position. 10. The device according to claim h, characterized in that the common holder for the two pivotable protective elements (1 and 2) has or forms a head cushion attached to the upper edge of the vehicle seat (6). 009835/1275