DE19581198T1 - Eine Steuervorrichtung für eine Kühlluftversorgung eines Kühlschranks und ein Steuerverfahren hierfür - Google Patents
Eine Steuervorrichtung für eine Kühlluftversorgung eines Kühlschranks und ein Steuerverfahren hierfürInfo
- Publication number
- DE19581198T1 DE19581198T1 DE19581198T DE19581198T DE19581198T1 DE 19581198 T1 DE19581198 T1 DE 19581198T1 DE 19581198 T DE19581198 T DE 19581198T DE 19581198 T DE19581198 T DE 19581198T DE 19581198 T1 DE19581198 T1 DE 19581198T1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerator
- air supply
- cooling air
- method therefor
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
- F25D17/08—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation using ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
- F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
- F25D17/065—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators with compartments at different temperatures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/045—Air flow control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
- F25D2317/065—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return
- F25D2317/0653—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air return through the mullion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
- F25D2317/067—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by air ducts
- F25D2317/0672—Outlet ducts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
- F25D2400/04—Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
- F25D2700/123—Sensors measuring the inside temperature more than one sensor measuring the inside temperature in a compartment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019940007078A KR0140460B1 (ko) | 1994-04-04 | 1994-04-04 | 냉장고의 냉기공급제어장치 및 그 제어방법 |
PCT/KR1995/000031 WO1995027238A1 (en) | 1994-04-04 | 1995-04-03 | Cooling air supply control apparatus of refrigerator and control method thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19581198T1 true DE19581198T1 (de) | 1997-02-27 |
Family
ID=19380445
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19581198T Withdrawn DE19581198T1 (de) | 1994-04-04 | 1995-04-03 | Eine Steuervorrichtung für eine Kühlluftversorgung eines Kühlschranks und ein Steuerverfahren hierfür |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5778694A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0754318A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH09505134A (de) |
KR (1) | KR0140460B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1128569A (de) |
AU (1) | AU695445B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19581198T1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK32596A3 (de) |
TW (1) | TW283199B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995027238A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (42)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR0176692B1 (ko) * | 1996-04-29 | 1999-10-01 | 윤종용 | 송풍팬의 속도제어와 회전날개의 위치제어에 의한 냉장고의 온도제어방법 및 냉장고의 온도제어장치 |
KR100195153B1 (ko) * | 1996-04-30 | 1999-06-15 | 윤종용 | 회전 날개를 구비한 독립 냉각 냉장고의 온도제어방법 |
US5715703A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1998-02-10 | Kopf; Bruce A. | Multiple fan air distribution system for appliances |
JPH1082572A (ja) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-31 | Lg Electron Inc | 冷蔵庫の冷気供給装置及び方法 |
TW422331U (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2001-02-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Refrigerator |
KR100222942B1 (ko) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-10-01 | 윤종용 | 냉기분배장치를 갖는 냉장고 |
DE19806041A1 (de) * | 1998-02-13 | 1999-08-19 | Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete | Behälter zur Einlagerung von Nahrungsmitteln |
JP2000046456A (ja) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-18 | Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd | 冷蔵庫 |
US6223553B1 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2001-05-01 | Maytag Corporation | Air flow for refrigerator food storage system |
US6250092B1 (en) | 2000-02-08 | 2001-06-26 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Actuator and method for controlling temperatures in a multiple compartment device |
US6539729B2 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2003-04-01 | General Electric Company | Refrigerator airflow distribution system and method |
KR100451348B1 (ko) * | 2001-11-20 | 2004-10-06 | 주식회사 엘지이아이 | 냉장고의 냉기 공급장치 |
KR100504904B1 (ko) * | 2002-04-04 | 2005-07-29 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고의 댐퍼 보호장치 |
CN1288403C (zh) * | 2002-09-11 | 2006-12-06 | 赵子铨 | 热载体多功能恒温电冰箱 |
US6772601B1 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-08-10 | Maytag Corporation | Temperature control system for a refrigerated compartment |
KR100549073B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-11 | 2006-02-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 냉장고 및 그 제어방법 |
WO2005061977A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-07 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Refrigerator |
KR20050062236A (ko) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-06-23 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고의 냉기 유동 구조 |
US7607312B2 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2009-10-27 | Maytag Corporation | Insulated ice compartment for bottom mount refrigerator with temperature control system |
AU2006273067B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2009-10-22 | Lg Electronics Inc. | A cool air supply structure of storage receptacle for refrigerator |
DE202006004217U1 (de) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-08-02 | Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH | Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät |
KR100850957B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-08-12 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고 및 그 제어방법 |
DE102008016926A1 (de) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-08-06 | Liebherr-Hausgeräte Ochsenhausen GmbH | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerätes sowie nach einem solchen Verfahren betriebenes Kühl- und/oder Gefriergerät |
AU2010217824B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-05-02 | Electrolux Home Products, Inc. | Refrigerator air duct |
US9017156B2 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2015-04-28 | Mestek, Inc. | Air control module |
CN102620500A (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-01 | 合肥美的荣事达电冰箱有限公司 | 冰箱及其控制方法 |
US9328956B2 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2016-05-03 | General Electric Company | Refrigerator control system and method |
US9733008B2 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2017-08-15 | Whirlpool Corporation | Air flow design for controlling temperature in a refrigerator compartment |
CN103900343B (zh) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-02-24 | 合肥美的电冰箱有限公司 | 冰箱风门开闭的控制系统和冰箱风门闭合的控制方法 |
KR101788010B1 (ko) * | 2014-08-21 | 2017-10-19 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고 및 그 동작방법 |
KR20160024154A (ko) | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-04 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 홈 어플라이언스 및 그 동작방법 |
US10181803B2 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2019-01-15 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Home appliance and operating method thereof |
CN104677048B (zh) * | 2015-03-19 | 2017-03-15 | 合肥美菱股份有限公司 | 一种冰箱制冷间室风量控制方法及其电冰箱 |
CN104990333B (zh) * | 2015-05-21 | 2018-02-02 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | 冰箱 |
KR101861279B1 (ko) | 2015-09-21 | 2018-05-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 냉장고 및 냉장고의 냉기 유량 모니터링 시스템 |
US20170227276A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-10 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Rotary damper |
CN105605848B (zh) * | 2016-03-09 | 2018-04-20 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | 冰箱及用于冰箱的分路送风装置 |
CN106885425A (zh) * | 2017-02-15 | 2017-06-23 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | 风道组件和冰箱 |
CN107192198B (zh) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-01-03 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | 冰箱 |
CN109405408B (zh) * | 2018-10-18 | 2021-01-01 | 长虹美菱股份有限公司 | 一种风扇电机转速控制方法及应用该方法的冰箱 |
CN111649533B (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-08-31 | 四川虹美智能科技有限公司 | 风门控制方法、装置及系统 |
US11874052B2 (en) | 2021-08-26 | 2024-01-16 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Selective air flow system for a refrigerator appliance |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3505756A1 (de) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-09-12 | Koch AG, Appenzell | Kuehlschrank |
EP0192140A2 (de) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-08-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Verfahren zum Klimatisieren |
DE3932459C2 (de) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-11-28 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen, De |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4527734A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-07-09 | Carrier Corporation | Subzone diverter control |
JPS62119383A (ja) * | 1985-11-19 | 1987-05-30 | 太田 恵三 | 冷凍冷蔵庫の冷気送風方向変更装置 |
JPH0752594B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-01 | 1995-06-05 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体メモリのアドレス制御回路 |
US4704874A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1987-11-10 | General Electric Company | Household refrigerator air flow system |
KR930004397B1 (ko) * | 1987-02-12 | 1993-05-27 | 미츠비시 덴키 가부시기가이샤 | 냉장고의 온도제어장치 |
JPS63213770A (ja) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-09-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 冷蔵庫 |
KR920007626B1 (ko) * | 1990-10-24 | 1992-09-09 | 대우전자 주식회사 | 냉장고의 온도조절 댐퍼 구동기구와 그 제어방법 및 제어장치 |
JPH04177074A (ja) * | 1990-11-13 | 1992-06-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷蔵庫 |
KR940002232B1 (ko) * | 1991-04-01 | 1994-03-19 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 냉장고의 복수온도조절장치 |
JPH0593571A (ja) * | 1991-10-02 | 1993-04-16 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | 冷蔵庫 |
US5201888A (en) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-04-13 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Temperature control system for refrigerator/freezer combinations |
JPH05149605A (ja) * | 1991-11-30 | 1993-06-15 | Toshiba Corp | 空気調和機 |
CN1056225C (zh) * | 1992-03-07 | 2000-09-06 | 三星电子株式会社 | 空调系统 |
ES2093409T3 (es) * | 1992-12-30 | 1996-12-16 | Nira Automotive Ab | Determinacion de la cantidad de fluido de trabajo en un sistema de refrigeracion o bomba de calor. |
-
1994
- 1994-04-04 KR KR1019940007078A patent/KR0140460B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-04-03 AU AU22680/95A patent/AU695445B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-04-03 EP EP95916049A patent/EP0754318A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1995-04-03 JP JP7525582A patent/JPH09505134A/ja active Pending
- 1995-04-03 CN CN95190440A patent/CN1128569A/zh active Pending
- 1995-04-03 WO PCT/KR1995/000031 patent/WO1995027238A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-04-03 SK SK325-96A patent/SK32596A3/sk unknown
- 1995-04-03 DE DE19581198T patent/DE19581198T1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-04-03 US US08/583,052 patent/US5778694A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-09 TW TW084103267A patent/TW283199B/zh active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3505756A1 (de) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-09-12 | Koch AG, Appenzell | Kuehlschrank |
EP0192140A2 (de) * | 1985-02-20 | 1986-08-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Verfahren zum Klimatisieren |
DE3932459C2 (de) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-11-28 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen, De |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU695445B2 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
US5778694A (en) | 1998-07-14 |
KR0140460B1 (ko) | 1998-07-01 |
CN1128569A (zh) | 1996-08-07 |
SK32596A3 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
AU2268095A (en) | 1995-10-23 |
TW283199B (de) | 1996-08-11 |
WO1995027238A1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
KR950029729A (ko) | 1995-11-24 |
JPH09505134A (ja) | 1997-05-20 |
EP0754318A1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19581198T1 (de) | Eine Steuervorrichtung für eine Kühlluftversorgung eines Kühlschranks und ein Steuerverfahren hierfür | |
DE19581557T1 (de) | Abtauvorrichtung für Kühlschränke und Steuerverfahren hierfür | |
DE69406847D1 (de) | Kühleinheit und Abflussbehälter für Klimaanlagen | |
DE69508536D1 (de) | Regelung des Kühlluftaustrittes für einen Kühlschrank und Regelungsverfahren dafür | |
DE69826562D1 (de) | Kühlluftversorgungseinrichtung für Kühlschrank | |
DE69530060D1 (de) | Energiesparschaltung und steuerverfahren für flüssigkristallanzeige | |
DE69535436D1 (de) | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Kühlschranks | |
DE69532058D1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Beleuchten mittels Sonnenlicht und Steuereinrichtung für eine solche Vorrichtung | |
DE69502381D1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern des zugriffs auf eine datenbank | |
DE69515268D1 (de) | Kühlschrank und Temperaturregelungsverfahren dafür | |
DE69317858D1 (de) | Luftkonditionierungs- und Kühlmethoden und Apparat mit Nutzung eines Kryogens | |
DE69422573D1 (de) | Betriebssteuervorrichtung für eine klimaanlage | |
DE69317860D1 (de) | Luftkonditionierungs- und Kühlapparat mit Nutzung eines Kryogens | |
DE69413269D1 (de) | Klima- und Kühlanlagen unter Verwendung eines Kryogenmittels | |
DE69715393D1 (de) | Geschlossenes luftkühlungssystem für eine gasturbine | |
DE69413493D1 (de) | Kühlsystem für die Eintrittsluft in eine Gasturbine | |
DE69528112D1 (de) | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Kühlgerätes und ein Gerät zur Durchführung des Verfahrens | |
DE69410682D1 (de) | Anzeigevorrichtung und Steuerverfahren für Anzeigevorrichtung | |
DE59501954D1 (de) | Antriebseinheit und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Antriebseinheit | |
EP0431760A3 (en) | A method for air conditioning and supplying hot/cold water | |
DE69725069D1 (de) | Stromversorgungseinrichtung für eine Klima-Anlage | |
DE59814091D1 (de) | Mehrfach-magnetventil für eine flüssigkeitsgeregelte heiz- und/oder kühlanlage | |
DE69503172D1 (de) | Struktur zur Kühlung eines Schaltschranks | |
DE59509652D1 (de) | Steuereinrichtung zum Betrieb eines Kühl- oder Gefriergerätes | |
DE59505804D1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Vakuumlichtbogenverdampfers und Stromversorgungseinrichtung dafür |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |