DE1955612A1 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

DH.ING.H.NEGENDANK · dipping. H. HAUCK graduate phys. W. SCHMITZ

HAMBURG-MUNICH ZÜSTELITJNeSANSCHIFT; HAMBURG 38 NICE WAXI. 41

TBI .. 367428TJWD 364110

IEJ, EGB. SEGEDAFATENT HAMBURG

". _,,,. MUNICH 15 MOZARTSTR. 3 3

Lanliart Corporation

" TEX. 3380086

BlOOnfield, ConnectiCUt / USÄ teibgh. negedapatent Munich

HAMBURG, 4 NOV, 1969

"■ Kü

Cooling system "

The invention relates to a cooling system for a commercial continuous cooling of food with cooling elements and a fan, which cools air in runs a cold store for food.

The filing is an addendum to that pending in the US, Dec. 26, 196? filed U.S. Patent Application Serial-iio. 693 200, which in turn is an addendum to U.S. Patent Application Nos. 608,340, filed Jan. 10, 1367, and 621,909, filed March 9, 1967.

Usually refrigerators that are used in stores in the Show and sell goods, equipped with one or more evaporators, which have a Air circulation with a refrigerator in connection.

La the vaporizer will, however, age after a certain amount of ice

Time / on. To get rid of this ice, the evaporators are used

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from time to time with hot cooling gas or liquid flowing through the evaporator, or with the help of electric heating elements, with which the ice is defrosted. In some systems, air is circulated during the defrosting process is interrupted, while in other systems the air circulation to accelerate the defrosting process is used. With both defrosting methods, the air temperature inside the refrigerator increases, which is detrimental to the stored food. Steam forms on the products as well as the walls and channels of the device down that freezes to ice when the freezing process resumes begins. Food packages then freeze together and make removal difficult for sale.

It is the object of the invention to create a cooling system in which does not increase the temperature inside the refrigerator during the defrosting process

The problem posed is achieved in a cooling system of the type mentioned at the outset by a t-IehrzaÜL of evaporators, which are defrosted one after the other in sequence, so that one or more cooling units constantly continue the cooling pro ζ eii and direct cold air through the device while a cooling element is defrosted, the air flow is interrupted by this element by means of one or more flexible flaps and the temperature rise in this, currently under defrosting can therefore ^{Kühlalemarit:;}

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do not lead to an increase in the temperature of the device. In order to guarantee an even supply of cooling air, a common return air storage chamber is provided in which the cooling air diverted from the cooling space collects in front of the cooling elements. Behind the cooling elements there is again a common cooling air collecting chamber, ν oak 0.xο collecting cold air coming from the cooling elements and feeding it through cooling air ducts to the cooling chambers of the device. I.

Since the connection ensures an even supply of cold and thus a constant cooling temperature in accordance with the type of appliance, the invention is particularly suitable for the storage of meat products, since these products spoil quickly even with a limited increase in temperature. Furthermore, the invention is suitable for self-service quality with a removal opening and means for producing an air barrier in the area of the opening. In i the case of a temperature rise when, defrosting would also increase the temperature of the air barrier to rise; this would again result in an increase in the formation of steam through the air taken in from the atmosphere and an increase in ice accumulation on the cooling surfaces of the device. When the invention is used in self-service refrigerators, these disadvantages are eliminated.

The invention is illustrated using the in. The drawing Embodiment explained in more detail. Show it:

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Fig. 1 is a section through a typical embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention,

2 shows a schematic representation of the cooling device used in the cooling system according to the invention,

3 shows a section through another embodiment of the Cooling system according to the invention,

Fig. 4 is a schematic front elevation of the in Cooling system according to the invention for Linsat.v; coming evaporator ,

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the upper part of a further embodiment der.Kühlanlage according to the invention.

The cooling system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of . a housing with a bottom 2, a rear wall 4 and a upper cover wall 6. The front of the housing also has an upper wall section and a lower wall section 10. which are spaced apart from one another in order to form a removal opening 12 on the front side.

The cooling space 14 formed in the housing is provided with a ■ with through openings provided shelf 16, which is used for storing goods and adjacent to or below the Entnalimeöffnung

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is provided to form a display area 1S. The rear wall of the cold room 14 is kept at a distance from the exhibition area by means of a hall-like Structure that forms a service room 20, which is located at the rear of the display area. Of the The service area 20 is evenly and openly connected through to the display area in order to give it to a seller to enable customers to be served and the display and arrangement of the v; ars in the display area at any time ™ keep well filled and attractively arranged.

In the vicinity of the extraction opening 12 there is an air barrier 22 provided, which air through an air outlet opening 24 downwards, the air outlet opening 24 is located next to the upper edge of the removal opening 12 and extends see almost all of its width. The air forming the air barrier 22 is drawn into an inlet opening 26 which in the area of the lower edge of the removal opening 12 j |

is located. The air flows behind the inlet opening 26, sucked in from a fan 30, through a duct 28. The fan 30 directs the air further backwards through the control room 20 and further to a return air inlet 32, which is located on the rear wall of the cooling chamber 14 and preferably is located below the shelf 16 in the exhibition area,

By additional lux outlets 34 in a cover plate 36, the

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extend over the upper shelf of the cooling space above the interior opening 12, additional cooled air is directed down into the cooling space 14 and thus reaches the display and service room, if desired, a light source 38 can also be arranged on the ceiling plate 36 . Part of the air flowing out of the additional air outlet openings 34 flows downwards in the vicinity of the air barrier 22 and serves to support the air barrier and thus to take precautions against deflection inwards, Uarrae and humid air is thus kept away from the cold room, - This The part with additional air is also used to cool the showroom and to keep the displayed V, aren located on the openwork shelf 16 at the desired low temperature. The air then flows from the showroom to the rear and duvch the lower part of the operating room 20 to the tlückstromeinlaß 22 at the rear of the operating room c, The remaining part of the air coming through the additional air outlets 34 flows downwards through the cooling room 14 and the operating room 20 and cools them. This air 'then also flows backwards to the return air inlet 32,

The reverse air inlet 32 preferably extends across the full width of the cooling chamber and communicates with a return-flow air channel 40 in connection, the transferring from a hot plate isb formed 42 ₃ which is held by the insulating rear wall of the cooling system at a distance * At the upper

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End: '.! Rt the tücks tr oinluftke.nal connected to an air storage chamber 44, through which the air by means of a fan 4b in \ ariiie communication with a cooling device 4 ·' - is brought \. The cooled in the cooling device 48. Air then flows into a ueiter Luftabgabespeicherkaimiier IO and an additional air storage chamber 52. From the Lu-vhabgabespcicherkamüier 50 flows 'the air through a discharge :: r, j'jial 54 from across the outlet opening 24 reduced-i - "'. ucrcolmitt, tjorait the! '' letting speed increases ■ J and the air flow to the inlet opening 12 ηε.οΐι below gelenlit -, jird, \ κ. \ dai.-iit to form the lift ring 22. At the same ki-cit v .'ird the air from the additional air storage casimer 52 gushed away through the additional outlet openings 34 on the inside of the air vault 22: -: ü SXr ¹ UFiOiI in and through the cooling space 14.

To keep the temperature in the cooling space 14 in the v / es constant to keep and to ensure the freshness of the displayed arenas with a constant temperature from the v / es, there is a cooling device 48 preferably from a number of cooling elements, which are designated by 56, 58, 60 and 62 in FIG. Every cooling element is provided with one or more fans 46 to relieve the air from the return air storage chamber 44 over promote a cooling element into the air discharge storage chamber 50 and the additional air storage chamber 52. Furthermore is each cooling element provided with a housing 66, which on

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the outlet side has pull flaps or other closing flaps 60 and 70, by means of which the housing with the chambers 50 and 52 communicates. The flaps 68 and 70 are in their closed position by means of gravity or otherwise to bring and thus prevent the passage of warm air into the chambers 50 and 52 when a cooling element is defrosted. the all the air that is left in the storage chambers 5Ü and 52 is, so is cooled by those cooling elements that are in operation, so that through the air outlet openings 24 and the additional air outlet openings 34 discharged air constantly a constant and predetermined low Have temperature.

In the cooling system shown in FIG. 2, the cooling device 40 consists of four cooling elements 56, 5Q, 60 and 62, which are supplied with cooling medium via a compressor 72, evaporator 'Ik and collector 76 through a coolant supply line 78. Each cooling element is also provided with an expansion valve 80 and connected to a refrigerant return line 81 which leads back to the compressor 72.

The various cooling elements can be defrosted in sequence, at one time or another suitable switching elements 84, which are connected to the power supply- «· lines 86 and the electrical circuit 88 are connected in such a way that the fans 46 of the cooling to be defrosted

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elements put out of operation during the defrosting process will. The pull or closing flaps 68 and 70 on the Aus-Icu3seite of the housing whether 'of the cooling element to be defrosted are there therefore closed during the defrosting process and the heat used to defrost the element can therefore reduce the Do not increase the temperature of the air discharged to chambers 50 and 52.

In the construction shown in Fig. 2, the defrosting process of the cooling elements with the aid of a hot cooling gas made, which from the compressor 72 through the end of life line 90 upon actuation of the three-way valves 92 is supplied under the control of the timer 84. The refrigerant condensed in the evaporator, which is thawed, returns to the collector 76 through the line 82. The cooling elements 56, 58, 60 and 62 can also each be arranged in pairs so that two elements, such as elements 56 and 60, defrost while the other two |

Elements 50 and 62 further in the cooling process remain under surveillance through the thermostat 85. As a result, the storage chambers 50 and 52 are constantly supplied with cooled air * supplied from the two last-mentioned cooling elements, whereby the air that is discharged through the air outlet opening 24, the air barrier 22 can form and which flows out through the additional ventilation outlets 34, sit »· the exhibition and can supply operating room of the refrigerator 14. So is A constant cooling supply regardless of working conditions guaranteed,

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In the cooling system shown in Fig. 3, the air barrier 116 formed on the front of the housing at the removal opening 12 consists of two opposing air currents 112 and 114, which collide and then flow together into the cooling chamber 14 and to the return flow inlet 3 ° - in the The! underside of the l3edien.ungsraur.ies 20.: This construction is the display room 16 with a ^t y / arenablage. 100 provided, which can be perforated. Optionally, as can be seen from the drawing, additional shelves 102 can also be carried by holders 104, which extend over the rear of the goods shelf 100.

Part of the air flowing in the operating room 20 becomes sucked by a fan 100 under the arena shelf 10U, pushed into one channel 108 and then through a second Outlet opening 110 to the top, in front of the warehouse shelf 100 emitted. The air thus discharged flows upwards and forms the lower part 114 of the air barrier 116, on the other hand forms the outlet opening 24 from above discharged air the downward flowing part 112 of the air barrier 116. These flows flow into one another, form the Air barrier 116 and create a pressure area approximately in the middle of the entrance and prevent entry of air into the refrigerator and weaken the tendency of the air barrier to escape into the refrigerator.

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In the construction of Fig. 3 are also additional Luftauclrsse 34 present, which is located in the front part of a Ceiling plate 36 are located and with the additional air; oeicherk8.: Ru.ier 52 contact. Additional glasses 11 ..: · direct an air flow out of the storage chamber 52 the additional air outlet openings 34, in parallel -riu the deeper flowing Luitstromteil 112 of the air barrier 116. The additional air flow from the outlets 34 provides the desired uniform cooling of the display j | provided, arranged in the showroom 18 and stored on the shelf 100 and the shelves 102 safe. As a result of this, a greater length of VJ ar en can be cooled and a.·;! Made accessible to customers if the required cooling is flawlessly manufactured.

The air of the upward stream 114 and the downward stream 112 that the air barrier 116 forms, ntröiüt into the cooling space 14 and the operating space 20. Part of this air is used by fan 106 for recirculation sucked off in the form of the lower scrap air stream 114, -.-; L'.Iirend the bulk of this air flow to the air return inlet 32 flows and through the air duct 4ü to again Cooling flows into the cooling device 48. To this. In other words, the cooling space 20 is even better at a constant level Maintained temperature and reduced the ingress of outside air into the cold room. Also, the drainage will be of cold air from the cold room and cooling losses are reduced to a l-linear value,

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The in äer cooling system according to Fig. 3 used Cooling device is similar to that of FIG. 2, since the air required to form the air barrier 116 and the air required for Air used to cool the cooling chamber 114 does not experience a temperature increase during the defrosting of cooling elements Cooling system.

Furthermore, the cooling system has an external protective air circuit provided, which consists of an air curtain in front of the outside of the upper part 112 of the Air barrier 116 is projected on the front of the removal opening 12. For this purpose there is a protective air duct provided, which is formed between the rear wall 4 and the cooling air duct 40. The protective air duct 120 begins at an air inlet opening 122 which is below and behind the return air inlet opening 32 of the cooling air duct 40 is located. The air duct 120 leads upwards on the rear wall, below the insulated cover 6 of the Device forward and goes into an outlet channel 124, which is on the front 8 of the device between the front 8 of the device between the front wall and the air outlet duct 54 is / The outlet channel 124 of the protective air channel is provided with a dispensing opening 126 which is located on the upper edge of the dispensing opening 12 next to the outlet opening 24 for the cooled air is located. The protective air duct 120 is in heat exchange communication with the return air duct 40 and the storage chambers 44 and 50, over

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its entire length. The air flow in it is using a fan 128 forced.

In this way another air barrier is formed cn the outside of the upper partial flow 112 of the air barrier 116. This air initially has the temperature am Entrance of the inlet opening 122 at the rear of the control room 20 and corresponds to the temperature of the air in the Refrigerator compartment 14. This temperature is higher than the temperature f the air flow forming the upper part 112 of the air barrier 116, but slightly lower than the ambient temperature at the front of the removal opening 12. The air barrier 130 in front of the air stream 112 becomes part of the air barrier and forms an external support for the flow of cooled air and in turn prevents mixing of the cooled air Lu-t with the ambient air. Additionally supported from the additional air outlets 34 in the ceiling panel 36 exiting Ilühlluft the upper part 114 of the i Lu.itschrci.nke 116 on its inside, so that diffusion and vortex formation in the upper part 112 of the air barrier 116 can be reduced to an ilinimium. The protective air barrier 130 also acts uit the upward part of the air flow 114 of the air barrier 116 together to prevent an outflow of the to prevent cooled air over the lower front housing wall part 10. So there is a loss of refrigerated Air and the load on the cooling elements are reduced.

The downward flowing outer protective air curtain 130 is

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when it encounters the lower upwardly and inwardly deflected airflow 114, it deflects inward and flows over the goods on the shelves 102, mixing with the cooled air of the upper airflow 112. The air currents then flow inward and downward through the cooling space 14 and arrive at the return air inlet 32 and the inlet opening 122 of the protective air duct 120.

The fan or fans 128, which convey the protective air, preferably work uniformly and independently of any Defrosting processes. The protective air thus serves to reduce temperature fluctuations within the cooling space and in the vicinity of the goods on the shelves 102 during these defrosting periods when one or more of the refrigeration elements 56, 58, 60 and 62 are defrosted and those derived from them Supply is interrupted. This result is obtained because only part of the relatively large volume of air which forms the air barrier and the air circuit, and flows through the cooling space 14, fails during the defrosting process from one or more of the cooling elements. In addition, the defrosting periods and the reduced supply are i.iit cooled air in each case of short duration and the Temperature rise during these periods is therefore relatively small.

To ensure that the supply of cooled luxt, which forms the barrier 22, over the length of the cooling air

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Storage chamber 50 for transfer "If the outlet openings 24 are constantly uniform, the evaporators, which serve as cooling elements, are arranged in pairs one above the other, as is shown at 140a and I42aj, 40b and I42b; etc. in FIG. 4. One or Several of the evaporators of each Pe.are can then be defrosted while the other evaporator of this pair is performing its cooling function. In Pig., this is shown by the cross-hatching which A

shows that evaporators i40a and 142b are defrosting be subjected, the flow of air through them being interrupted is, while the evaporators 140 b and 142 a their Exercise cooling function and serve to supply the storage chamber with cooled air. With this structure. Is cooled Air is directed into the cooling air storage chamber 50 at all points and over the entire length. During the supply with cooled air is reduced in those areas in which the evaporators are cross-hatched

the other cooling elements in continuous operation for. ^ the provision of chilled air; and the supply with cold air there is no interruption at any point in the device. Hit this build up the vaporizer will be uniform Temperature conditions maintained throughout Longitudinal expansion of the device or ^ only along a hollow side of a storage or hard part, if so desired is.

The invention is also suitable for use with shorter ones

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and more conventional types of display freezers, one of which is shown in Fig. 5, in which Fig. 5 shows the upper part of the showroom is. This construction is suitable for use in appliances that are located behind the display room in the freezer room may or may not be provided with a separate operating area.

As FIG. 5 shows, the cooling space 150 of the device is equipped with a ceiling 152 over which the cooling elements are located. One of these is denoted by 154. A return air storage chamber 1:56 receives this air from a return air duct 158. The air is sucked in through the illustrated cooling element 154 in the cooling air storage chamber 160 with the aid of a blower 162 "The cooled air then flows from the cooling air storage chamber 160 through the cooling air passage \ 164 to the outlet port 166, which From the upper edge of the removal opening 168 ah on the front side of the cooling space 1, a downward-flowing barrier forming a cooling air curtain is formed. If so desired, some air from the cooling air storage chamber 160 can also pass through

! Additional air outlet openings in the ceiling 152 of the KQhI- ■ room 150 are introduced for circulation in these.

In order to make the air barrier next to the removal opening 168 more effective, a cooling air flow can be diverted downwards via the return air storage port 156 by means of a fan 174 through a secondary air duct 172

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flows to an outlet opening 176. The opening 176 is located next to and on the outside of the outlet opening 166 of the cooling air duct 164. This creates on the outside the primary air barrier 180 an additional air curtain 178, who slides protectively in front of the air barrier from the opening.

The brought to use cooling elements may alternately and in turn used the like in a certain rhythm for cooling and defrosting are as described in connection with FIG. 2, £ u this purpose, between the ^L evaporator 154 and the cooling air storage chamber 160, a · A & b shut-off flap 182 is provided. The butterfly valve 182 can. move from a 5 shown in Fig. extended closing \ position in a broken open position "In the closed position 182 prevents the flap closes the through-flow of air through the respective cooling element locked. In this case, that element in question will be defrosted. If the flap is swiveled into the position shown in dashed lines, then the air can pass freely and the evaporator is switched on in the cooling process.

About the overflow of air to the cooling air storage chamber 160 To maintain constant uniformity, a channel 184 is provided, which acts as a bypass for the cooling element in question 154 serves. Channel 184 connects the return air storage chambers 156 via an inlet 186 and allows the passage

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pass air to the cooling air storage chamber 160 the outlet 188. The outlet 188 is arranged so that it is closed when the flap 182 is open. Only if that relevant cooling element 154 is defrosted and the be ~

182
gripping flap / is in its closed position, then the opening 168 is released. This corresponds to the position in FIG. On the other hand, all air flows from the return air storage chamber to the cooling air storage chamber through the cooling element when the latter is switched on in the cooling cycle.

While the cooling system, as shown and described in Fig. 2, is defrosted by means of hot cooling gas, electrical heating elements can also be used to defrost the cooling elements may be used, as shown at 190 in FIG. Other suitable means can also be used. The flaps that control the flow of cooling air can either work with gravity or be moved with the help of a motor or other means.

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Claims (14)

Patent claims: T \ cooling system for commercial continuous cooling of food with cooling elements and a; Fan, which directs cooled air into a cooling space for food, characterized by a cooling air storage chamber (50, 52, 16O) which is associated with all cooling elements (48, 154) in common, cooled air flowing out of these cooling elements (48, 154) Absorbs air and releases this air via cooling air ducts (34, 170) into a cooling space (14, 150) through movable flaps (68, 182) which are assigned to the individual cooling elements and which are located between the cooling elements and the storage chamber (50 , 160) are,% \ robei the flaps (70, 182) in the closed position prevent the air flow through the associated cooling element, which is switched to defrosting; and in the open position let the air flow through the associated cooling element, which is switched to cooling, to the cooling air storage chamber and the cooling air ducts, and! ι by fans (46, 162), which lead the air through the cooling elements switched to 'cooling. '- \ 2. Cooling system according to Anepruch 1, characterized in that a fan (46, 162) is assigned to several cooling elements (48, 154) and can be switched off when the assigned Cooling elements can be switched to defrost.,; - 2 - 009851/1198 3. ■ cooling system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that a second air outlet channel (54, 164) is provided, which is assigned to all cooling elements, that the Housing at the front has an opening (12) for removing food from the cooling space (14, 150) and the second air outlet duct is arranged in such a way that the outflowing air passes an air barrier (22, 116) in front of the opening (12) "forms, and that a further flap (68) is provided in front of each cooling element (47), which together with the first Flap (70) is operated together and is arranged between the cooling elements and the second outlet channel. 4. Cooling system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the first and second flaps (68, 70, 182) can be closed by gravity and by that of the fans (46, 154, 48, 162) of the associated .Kühlelemeiite (48) generated Air pressure are to be opened, with the fans being electrically connected to the associated cooling elements, to be switched on only during the cooling period. 5. A cooling system according to claims 1 to 4 having an insulating housing, the cooling chamber is provided with a removal opening, characterized in that is formed before the Entiiahmeöffenung (12) an air barrier (22) by means of one of the upper opening edge to the discharged below airflow that a number of cooling elements is provided, in front of which and behind which common - 3 - 0 098 5 1/1198 Cool air storage chambers (44, 50, 52, 156, 16Ο) formed are, the air to be cooled by means of fans (46) from the front chamber (44) of the backflow side through the Cooling elements (48) can be guided to the rear chamber (50, 52) so that the cooling elements (48) can be defrosted one after the other, with the remaining cooling elements switched to cooling and the fans of the cooling elements switched to defrost are switched off, 6. Cooling system according to claim 5 »characterized in that the fans (46) are assigned to the individual cooling elements (48) and electrically so with the switching elements of the cooling elements are connected that the fan concerned is switched off when the associated cooling elements are switched to defrost and vice versa. 7. Cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that each cooling element (48) is provided with its own housing is that the storage chambers (44, 50, 52) connects to one another and flaps are provided, which the connection interrupt when the associated cooling elements are switched to defrost, 8. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 7 with a Cold room and a number of cooling elements, characterized in that that each cooling element (48, 154) has a fan (46, 162) is assigned and cooling air channels (34, 170) from the direct moving air into the cooling space (14, 150) from 0O9OR1 / 119S. "" ^ - where it is returned to the cooling elements, with the returned air in front of the cooling elements collects in a return flow storage chamber (44, 156) and from there through the individual cooling elements to a common one KUhlluftspeicherkammer (50, 52, 160) reaches which connect the cooling air ducts, and that the cooling elements can be defrosted in sequence, with during the Defrosting the passage of air through the relevant Cooling element to KUhlluftspeicherkammer can be prevented. 9. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the air barrier (116) at the removal opening (12) from two air streams (112, 11Ί-) is formed from above and below to the opening center and from there ge _r flow together into the cooling space (14). 10. Cooling system according to one of claims 1 to 9 _f, characterized in that in front of the cooling air barrier (112) to the outside, an additional cooling air barrier (130). is joined, which consists of an air flow that is sucked out of the "cooling space (14) and is discharged from an outlet nozzle (126), the cooling air flow (130) being warmer than the cooling air flow (130) flowing behind it, 11. Cooling system according to claim 10, characterized in that that the additional front cooling air cleat (130) forming the air flow from the return flow storage chamber (156) _ ς ", O '.> 9951/1198 directed by means of a fan (174) (Fig. 5). 12. Cooling system according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that that the rucks tromspeiclierkammer (156) with the Ivülilluft storage chamber (160) via by-pass lines (184) is connected, which bypass the cooling elements (154). 13. Cooling system according to claim 12, characterized in that that the closing flap (182) of the cooling elements the by-pass f Close line (184) or the associated cooling element (154). . 14. Cooling system according to claims 12 and 13, characterized in that that when the cooling element (154) is switched to defrosting, the folded-down flap (182) opens the cooling element channel closes and when the cooling element (154) is switched to cooling mode, the by-pass Line (184) terminates. : 009851/1198