DE1938087U - DEVICE FOR LOADING AND / OR UNLOADING PALLETS. - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

DIPL-ING. LUDEWIG DIPL-PHYS. BUSE 56 WUPPERTAL TREES

714 Password ^ Palletizer

"AGEB" machine factory limited liability company Wuppertal - Elberfeld ₉ Leipziger Straße 67a

Device for loading and / or unloading pallets

The invention relates to an apparatus for loading and / or unloading of pallets _ä particular bottle crate ^ cartons Od ₀ the like., With a ₉ the pallet supporting mast and transport paths for the charged and unloaded stacking units and the loaded and empty pallets., a magazine is assigned to the transport path for the empty pallets. In these known devices, which serve only as a rule, for the loading of pallets, the stacking units are pushed above the mast to a displacement "plate and then the latter pulled ₉ so that the arranged thereon stacking units on the pallet or _o to the already on the pallet arranged stacking units fall. It is not possible to unload pallets with this device.

The invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a device ₉ with which the pallets can be both loaded and unloaded. This goal is achieved according to the invention essentially in that the mast above

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The liftable and lowerable pallet has a holding device that engages on opposite sides of the stacked layers and carries the entire upper layer of stacking units in a force-fit manner between pressing jaws position held the arranged on the pallet stack layers and then taken away side ₉ while detained when loading a stacked position with the retaining device _s and is then deposited onto the pallet or <> on the already arranged on the pallet stack layers "the plate may be up against _s are raised detained stack layer so that a fall of the stackers is avoided.

The retaining device advantageously has press cylinders on j whose press jaws lay laterally against a stack to be placed or removed. This will be the stacking layers are held in a simple, non-positive manner by the retaining device ο the stacking units are needed no special approaches or dglo for the retaining device exhibit"

In a particularly advantageous manner, the retaining device can interact with a blind which is mounted in the lifting frame and which can be converted into a vertical ₉ inactive position and into a horizontal operative position. Thus, the stack layers that are held by the holding device can werdenj _s deposed in a simple manner to the blind or removed from the blind that is purpose converted into their active position "

The blind is useful in its horizontal operative position between the stack to be held with the holding device and the rest of the stack lying on the pallet This can be arranged in a simple manner on the blind arranged stacking layer transported to the side by moving the blind in its inoperative position or to load the pallet, the blind is transferred to its inoperative position and the stacking position is placed on the pallet be dropped off; be discontinued; be deducted; be dismissed. It is possible to insert the blind into this gap because the pallet has been held in place after the upper one Stack position is lowered,

In a particularly expedient manner, the blind can have a foldable stop on its front edge B ^ rescht that an unloading of the pallet is on the blind arranged stacked position transported to the side by the stop of the blind at its Rüekfükrüng in the inoperative position will" -

When pallets are unloaded, the blinds, when they are returned to their vertical ₉ ineffective position, advantageously transfer the stacked layer placed on them to a subsequent, horizontal transport path. As a result, the removed stacking units can be transported away in a particularly simple manner.

Are advantageous in loading pallets on the transport path to stack layers assembled stack units with the driven rollers to the shutter is pushed "This _s

reaches j that the stacking units arriving on the transport path can be transported to the blind in a particularly simple manner.

Suitably, the positionally deposited on the transport track with drivable rollers stack units can cooperate with a stop bar which can each pass the forefront of the stackers during unloading of pallets _s wherein the transmitted forefront stackers running against a limit stop and transverse to the transport web with a puller on a Conveyors can be pulled _o This achieves in a simple manner j that the stacking units transferred in layers on the transport path are transported away one after the other on the conveyor o

In a particularly expedient manner, when loading pallets, the stacking units arriving one after the other on the conveyor can be pushed by the following stacking units onto the transversely arranged transport platform and can be moved sideways by its drivable rollers against a stop bar. In this way it is achieved in a simple manner ₉ that the stacking units coming individually one behind the other from the conveyor are put together in layers on the transport track *

According to a further concept of the invention, the retaining device with rollers in rails from their basic position above the pallet to one next to the mast at the end

a transport track for unloaded stacking units lying Delivery point and in the opposite direction in one at the end of another transport path for stacking units to be loaded lying take-off point The pallet can be removed and set down on the side of the mast and stack layers to be loaded can also be picked up on the side of the mast and placed on the pallet.,

Are advantageous djß press jaws of the moveable holding device "elastic design with springs ₅ is thereby achieved that also relatively soft stacking units, such as cartons can be odo like. Stacked on pallets with the device and / or removed from pallets"

The retaining device can advantageously be moved with traction means guided via drivable rollers it is achieved that the holding device and thus also the stacked layers held by it can be moved by machine.

The speed of the movable retaining device can advantageously be reduced to the last part of its 7 ·? Sliding with a ₉ cooperating switch with switching tracks can be reduced «, This is achieved in a simple manner that the stack layers can always be _{deposited in the same place s} that is exactly on top of each other on the pallet _s because the retaining device on the last part of its movement only at a slow speed

emotional." The final shutdown of the restraint can be done with additional switches. Due to the low top speed of the retaining device, they speak Switch on immediately and result in a very short braking distance.

Suitably, can at the delivery point for each row of unloaded stack units to be assigned to each of a per-se lowerable holding bar ₀ is thereby achieved in a simple manner, abgeladesn stackers thatthe each series, the discharge point to leave and thus the Abgabestäle individually one behind the other exit.

Advantageously, the stacking units can be used individually one after the other transported with a transport path to the take-off point to be _s being provided on the transition point of the transport path to the take-off point a pair of hydraulic piston ₃ with an adjustable guide tongues. In this way it is achieved in a simple manner that the stacking units arriving individually one behind the other are put together to form a stacking layer formed from several rows next to one another.

The invention is shown in two exemplary embodiments in the drawing shown j namely show?

Fig. 1 the device according to the invention in side view,

FIG. 2 shows the device in plan view, FIG. 3 shows the device in front view ₉

Figo 4 a second embodiment of the inventive device in side view _s

Figo 5 shows the second embodiment in plan view and Figo 6 the second embodiment in front view «

The devices shown in the drawings are = load for loading and / or unloading of pallets od particular bottle crate boxes, like ₀

The device shown in Figures 1 to 3 has a lifting frame 10 5 with which the pallet 11 can be raised and lowered _o For this purpose, the lifting frame 10 has a support plate 12 ₉ which is guided at its four corners in columns 13 «The support plate 12 . depends on four chains H ₃ which are placed in the columns 13 on respective gears ,, and are driven by a not-shown motor "the motor may in this case designed as a brake anchor motor be _0. It can also be a self-locking gear _s are interposed a To prevent sagging of the support plate 12 due to the weight of the pallet 11 lying on it.

The support plate 12 does not have a support surface for the pallet 11 Rollers shown in more detail on "As can be seen in particular from FIG. 1" are transport tracks at both ends of the lifting frame 15 <> 16 provided for the pallets 11 The transport track 15 is used The transport track is used for bringing pallets with empty goods 16 is used to transport loaded pallets 11. from

only parts of these transport tracks 15, 16 are shown. They can of course also be trained longer and adapted to the given circumstances. The transport path 15 is formed by rollers 17 arranged parallel to one another. The transport paths 15j 16 lie with the lowest position of the support plate 12 in one plane, so that the pallets 11 from the transport paths 15j 16 on the support plate and again on the support plate 12 the transport tracks 15 ₉ 16 can be transferred.

At right angles to these transport paths 15 ₉ 16, a further transport path 18 is provided on the lifting frame 10 ₃ which leads to a magazine not shown in detail. In this magazine, pallets 11 can be stacked and, if necessary, returned to the lifting frame 10 "

Above the transport path 15 ₉ 16 are further transport tracks 19 ₉ 20 provided _s on which the stacking units are transported 21 * The mast 10 comprises above the liftable and lowerable pallet 11 a, attacking on opposite sides of the stack of layers and an entire layer stack units 21 frictionally between Festhaiteeinrichtung 23 carrying press beams 22. The cheek plates 22 are thereby pressed against the stacking position by means of hydraulic cylinders 24 Of course it is also possible ₉ pneumatic the Andrückung he ^ mechanical means to erreicheno the up investing against the stack layers cheek plates 22 are designed to be elastic with springs 25 · the cheek plates 22 are in Fig. 3 in full lines

the open position shown, the pressing position is indicated in dash-dotted lines _e

As shown particularly in the visible Figo 3 is ₉ the retaining means 23 as were formed and has rollers 26 with which the securing device in rails 27 is slidably guided with drivable rollers 54 over pulling means 55 23rd

To unload pallets, the pallets loaded with empties are placed on the conveyor track 15. The drivable rollers 17 of this conveyor track 15 convey the pallet 11 in the direction of the mast 10. On the way to the mast 10, the pallet 11 passes a switch 28. This switch 28 causes stopping dei? drivable fulling 17 "The rollers 17 are only set into operation again _s when the support plate 12 has assumed the mast 10 to its lowermost position" During retraction of the loaded empty pallet 11 in the mast 10 hits the pallet 11 on the switch 29 ₃ of the the driven rollers 17 sets out of service "the actuating arm of the switch 29 also serves as a stop ,, so that the pallet 11 adjacent comes to rest against this stop _o In addition, this is initiated with switch 29, the lifting movement of the support plate 12 with the pallet. 11 This lifting movement is _s terminated with a with a light barrier 30 grantor in connection switches, this light barrier 30 mst provided at the top dös mast 10 and adjustable in height and thus the height of the stack units are adapted to "The light barrier 30 is in such a Adjust height that the top layer of the stacking units 21 with their. Bottom edge a little above

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the transport tracks 19 and 20 are arranged «

The displaceable retaining device 23 is now moved over the pallet 11 and the pressing jaws 22 are pressed against the topmost stack layer. The top layer of the stacking units is thus held at this height. Once the Ireßbacken have taken 22 their pressurizing positions ₉ 12 drives the support plate with the pallet and the rest of the stack units 21 a few centimeters to untenj to a photocell 31 is fRsi _e Lift the photocell 31 $ but something another photocell 32 is provided deeper _fifth » which prevents the pallet from sinking too low and, if necessary, the pallet from being raised to the photocell 31; causes. This lowering of the pallet 11 with the remaining stack layers is necessary in order to be able to move the fixed stack layer to the side.

When the photocell 31 becomes free, the displacement drive of the retaining device 23 is switched on at the same time _s so that it moves in the direction of the transport path 20 _s until the switch 33 provided on the retaining device 23 encounters a switching path 34. Wirdo characterized the speed of the displacement movement is reduced _s to the retaining means 23 against the switch 35 _s runs whereby the retaining means 23 brought to a standstill In Figure _e 1 the Festhal te device 23 is shown in this position in full lines. This switch 35 also initiates a return of the pressing jaws 22 to their release position at the same time.

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given., Since each a whole layer stack units are delivered to the delivery point 37 ₉ each stacking unit 21 from a plurality of _s juxtaposed rows of stacking units 21 consist _s must the delivery site as the G ^ Oesse a pallet 11 have. However, the stacking units 21 are expediently transported away in a row. For this, the transport track ₉ is provided with drivable rollers 36 20 wherein at the end of the delivery point 37 for each row of stacking units 21, a retaining strip are provided 38j. 39 These retaining strips. 38 ₉ 39 protrude from the transport path 20 and can be individually lowered ₉ so that a row of stacking lines 21 can be transported away.

After the retaining means 23 has released the stack layer at the delivery point 37 ₉ it moves back over the pallet 11, which is now also booted with the support plate 12 ο The retaining device 23 is now the next layer may decrease and release at the delivery point 37 to the pallet is cleared 11 "the movement driving the retaining means 23 is turned over the arranged in the mast 10 pallet ^ 11 with the switch 40, having previously been to ₅ provided on the retaining means switch 33 occurs in connection with an above the Paüette 11 provided switching path 41 j so that here, too, the speed of the movement is reduced beforehand, after the pallet 11 has been cleared, ₉ hits the support plate 12 with a further upward movement against a switch 42 which causes the support plate 12 to be lowered into the lower basic position. The empty pallet 11 can then be guided via the transport path 18 to a magazine and stacked there

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will. The extension of the empty pallet is in this case effected by depressing the switch 29 "" After the empty pallet has left the mast 10 _5, a further _s retract from the transportation path 15 with empties loaded pallet in the mast, whereby the unloading process is repeated "

However lit% of the inventive device it is also possible _s cleared down the pallet 11 immediately again advantageous to load "This is particularly isrei beverage companies in which empties, d. h, Piaschenkiste unloaded with empty bottles and Piaschenkiste with full bottles have to be loaded ₀

For immediate loading of the cleared pallet, by actuating the switch 41, the support plate 12 with the pallet 11 is not lowered but with the upper edge of the pallet between the photocells 31 and 32.In addition, the holding device 23 then moves over the transport path 19 to the one on the holding device 23 provided switch 33 with a switching path 43 is operatively connected _s occurs whereby the speed slows is "until the detents 23 _s applies to the switch 44 brings to a halt the retaining means 23" is This position of the Festhaitevorrichtung 23 in Figure "1 in dashed lines A layer of stacking units 21 is already arranged on the widened end of the transport path 19, which is packed by the holding device 23 and driven over the pallet 11 and placed on it Aijder

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_{A pair of guide tongues 47 are provided 9} with a hydraulic piston at the transition point from the transport path 19 to the removal part 46

48 are adjustable. The incoming stacking units 21 are opened with these guide tongues 47 in several rows next to one another The incoming stacking units 21 run at the receiving point over non-driven rollers

49 and are pressed by the subsequent stacking units 21 against stops 50j 51 'After the first row Stapleeinheiten is arranged at the delivery point 46 21 _{s s} is standing by the associated stop 50 with a switch 52 in operative connection j, the guide tongues 47 _s switched so that the next row of stacking units 21 can be arranged next to the first row of stacking units 21. This second row of stacking units 21 is pressed against the stop 51 by the following stacking units 21. which is in operative connection with eißm switch 53. This switch causes the driven rollers 45 of the transport path 19 to be switched off. In addition, with this switch 53, the retaining device 23 is released so that it grips the stacking units 21 after they have been returned via the removal point 46 _? can lead over the pallet 11 and deposit there * After every depositing of a stack layer on the pallet 11, the support plate 12 is lowered further ₉ with the upper edge of the topmost stack layer between the photocells 31 and 32 «.

The pallet 11 is provided with further stacking layers as long as until the support plate 12 hits the switch 29 during the respective lowering movement. This indicates that the palette is loaded »The support plate 11 is then down to its deepest Lowered position and the loaded pallet 11 on the transport track 16 transfers j from which it can then be removed »

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Now another one of the transport path 15 can be used with Move empty loaded pallet 11 into the mast and the Unloading and loading process repeat themselves «, but if in At the moment no pallets with empties are to be unloaded, an empty pallet can also be transferred from the pallet magazine via the transport path 18 11 are retracted into the mast and explained in the To be loaded wisely »

The apparatus shown in Figs. 4 _S 5 and 6 can be used either for loading or unloading of palaces ,, the device will now be explained in more detail in the dumping operation

The loaded pallets 11 'are on the transport path 15' patch Here again there are arrangements that _s feeladene pallet 11 'only in the mast ^10! _s can enter when, whose support plate 'is in its lowermost end position "The © by driving the bottom support plate 12' 12 pushes the working switch 29 with a dual ^function! low _ä whereby the rollers 59 arranged in the area of the support plate 12 'and the rollers 18' of the transport track 15 'are driven., As a result, the loaded pallet 11' is moved into the lifting frame 10 '. The loaded pallet 11' runs as far as _s until it actuates the switch 29 ', which has meanwhile been released by the expired empty pallet 11', which switches off the drive of the rollers 59 and 18 '. The actuating arm of the switch 29' also serves as a stop so that the pallet 11 'rests against this stop comes to a standstill. By actuating the switch 29 ', the drive for lifting the support plate is also at the same time

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12 'switched on. The support plate 12 'is raised so far that the top layer of the stacking units 21 ^! with a light barrier 30 "is in operative connection" When this light barrier 30 'breaks through, the lifting movement is terminated. After the pressing jaws 22 'have assumed their pressing position ₉ , the support plate 12' is lowered somewhat and _{a blind 61 is inserted into the gap thus created between the topmost stacking layer and the remaining 5} stacking layers on the pallet 11 ' a plurality of parallel arranged rollers 62, which are interconnected at their ends to endless chains 63rd These chains 63 are guided over toothed wheels 64, of which one or more can be driven _e As can be seen in particular from the Figo 4, the blind can in a , shown in dashed lines horizontal position and in a ₉ in stri In order to prevent the blind 61 from sagging, the horizontal part of the chains 63 can be arranged in guides which are not shown in detail.

The lowering movement of the support plate 12 'with the pallet 11 lying on it ^! with the remaining stack layers is switched off by a switch, not shown, which interacts with a photocell 65 "The support plate 12 is lowered until this photocell 65 comes free" When the lowering movement is switched off, the movement of the blind 61 is switched on at the same time then moves into the gap between the uppermost, fixed stack layer and the lowered stack layers.

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assumed its horizontal position, the blind 61 has laehdem _s, the retaining means 23 is released, "so that the held container layer is deposited on the blind 61 ₀

The blind 61 is provided with a stop 66 which _folds over when it is inserted into the gap and rests against the stacked layer placed on the blind 61 when it is returned and, when it is returned to the vertical position, takes the stacked layer with it and moves it to a position at the same height Conveyor track 67 sets down »This conveyor track 67 is provided with rollers 68 arranged parallel to one another, which can be driven by a motor not shown in detail. In this transport path 67 is provided a stop bar 69 _s which holds the stacked position, leaving only the respective foremost row of stacking units 21 pass'. This runs up against a limit stop 70 of the transport path 67, and then a puller 71 transversely drawn to the transport path 67 onto a conveyor 72 _s on which the stackers 21 'one after the other run "After the transfer of the bearing against the end boundary stackers 21' onto the conveyor 72 the stop bar 69 is lowered so that the next row of stacking units 21 'can advance up to the end limit 70.

After the blind 61 has been moved into its vertical position, the support plate 12 ^! raised again »This lifting movement is again terminated by the light barrier 30 'and the retaining device 23 ^! turned on again ₉ whereby the withdrawal process is repeated. This withdrawal process

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is repeated ₉ until the pallet 11 ^{9 is} cleared. The cleared pallet is then lowered with the support plate 12 'and, after reaching the lowest position, transferred to a roller conveyor 73 from which it runs into a magazine 74. The empty pallets 11 'are stacked in this magazine 74. When the empty pallet is moved out of the mast 10 ', the entry of a new loaded pallet 11' into the mast 10 'is released. This new loaded pallet 11 ^! is then cleared away again in the manner explained.

As already explained ₉ , this device can also be used for loading pallets 11 '. To do this, the workflow must be reversed accordingly. Empty pallets 11 'are delivered from the magazine 74 to the lifting frame 10', _{9 raised} with the support plate 12 'and loaded with stacking units 21'. For this purpose, the stacking units 21 'are put together on the transport track 67 in the correct position in front of the stop bar 75, moved on the blind 61 over the pallet 11', then held with the plague holding device 23 'and after the blind 61 has been returned to its vertical position on the pallet 11' or ₀ to _s' = discontinued already deposited stack of layers, the support plate 12 'on the pallet 11 can for this purpose with the pallet 11' or ₀ to stack layers already lying thereon up to the held stack layer go ,, the loaded pallet is then removed from the mast 10 'on the conveyor track 15' extended

As mentioned above, the illustrated embodiments are _5, not limited only example implementations of the invention and this fact; on the contrary, there are still many other applications

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fertilize and possible changes So the blind 61 could also be formed from several ₉ bars arranged next to each other »

Claims (1)

RA. 133 773-15.3.66 PATENT LAWYERS ^ * j DIPL-ING. LUDEWIG DIPL.-PHYS. BUSE 56 WUPPERTAL-BARMEN Claims g 1, device for loading and / or unloading pallets, in particular with bottle crates ;, cardboard boxes or the like _cs with a lifting frame supporting the pallet and transport tracks for the stacking units to be loaded and unloaded and for the loaded and empty pallets ^ with the transport path for the empty pallets a magazine assigned to ₃ characterized in that the mast (1O ₉ 10 ') above the Beb "and lowerable pallet (11 ₉ 11') a _s attacking on opposite sides of the stack layers and the entire upper layer stack units (21 ₉ 21 ') Has holding device (23 ₉ 25 ') bearing force-fit between the press jaws (22 ₉ 22 ^!). 2, The apparatus of claim 1 ₉ characterized _s that said retaining means (23 ₉ 23 ') press cylinder (24 ₉ 60) ,, the pressing jaws (22 22 ^_8!) To create a laterally against aufzulegende or abzunehmende stack layer " 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 _3, characterized in that the retaining device (23 ') cooperated with a blind (61) mounted in the lifting frame (10 · * ·) and transferable into a vertical ₉ inoperative position and into a horizontal operative position 4. Apparatus according to claim 3 _9, characterized in ₉ that the blind (61) in its horizontal operative position between the _9th 2 - with the holding device (25 ') to be held in place and the remaining stack layers lying on the pallet (11 ') is arranged « ο Device according to one or more of Claims 1 - A _5, characterized in that the blind (61) has a foldable stop (66) on its front edge, 6. Device according to one or more of claims _{1-5 9,} characterized j that when unloading pallets (11 ·) the blind (61) when it is returned to its vertical _s ineffective positionj the stacked position on it placed on a subsequent, horizontal transport path (67) convicted «, 7 »Device according to one or more of claims 1-6, characterized in that when the pallets (11 ') are loaded , the stacking units (21 ^! ) Assembled into stack layers on the transport path (67) with their drivable rollers (68) onto the blind (61) can be pushed open * 8t device according to one or more of claims 1-7 _S, characterized in that when pallets (11 ') are unloaded, the stacking units (21), which are set down in layers on the transport path (67) with drivable rollers (68), interact with a stop bar (69) which in each case allows the front row of stacking units (21 ^! ) to pass, the front row of stacking units (21 ·) which has passed through against an end delimitation (70) runs across the conveyor track (67) with an egg puller (71) can be pulled onto a conveyor (72). 9. gate direction according to one or more of claims 1-8, characterized characterized in that when loading on pallets (11 ') the stacking units arriving individually one behind the other on the conveyor (72) (21) by the following transport units (21 ') can be pushed onto the transport track (67) arranged transversely thereto and from their drivable rollers (68) are displaceable to the side against a stop bar (75) 10. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2 _9, characterized in that the retaining device (23) with rollers (26) in rails (27) from their basic position lying above the pallet (11) in a next to the mast (10) at the end of a transport path (20) for unloaded stacking units (21) lying delivery point (37) and in the opposite direction into a ₉ at the end of a further transport path (19) for stacking units (21) to be loaded receiving point (46) can be transferred » β device according to one or more of addressed 1 -10, thereby characterized in that the pressing jaws (22) of the movable retaining device (23) are designed to be elastic with springs (25) ■ are 12. The device according to one or more of claims _{1-11 s,} characterized in that the retaining device (23) can be moved with traction means (55) guided via drivable rollers (54). 13 «Device according to one or more of claims 1 -12, characterized characterized in that the speed of the movable τ 4 - - 4 - Festhaltevorriehtung (23) respectively on the last part of its displacement _s is herabsetzbar with a with Sehaltbahnen (34 ₉ 41 ₉ 43) co-operating switch (33) " 14. The device according to one or more of claims 1 - · 13 «, characterized in that the displacement of the retaining device (23) can be switched off with a switch (35, 4O ₃ 44)«, 15. The device according to one or more of claims 1-14 _S, characterized in that at the delivery point (37) for each row of the unloaded _{stacking units (21) one s} each lowerable retaining bar (38 or »39) is assigned _o 16 _e Device according to one or more of claims 1 - 15 _s j characterized in that the Stapä.einheiten (21 ^ individually in succession _s can be transported with a transport path (19) for take-off point (46) wherein at the crossing point of Transpurtbahn (19) for Abnehmestelle (46) are a pair of _s with a hydraulic piston (48) adjustable guide tongues (47) provided ₀