DE1933373A1 - Tower crane - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. A. Gruneck * r Dr.-to * H. KinMjff Dr.-lng. W. Stockmglr

P 2615

sas = = - 3

2o / kr

Pierre Joseph PINGOLT, 5, avenue du Parmelan 74, Annecy (France)

Tower crane

The application relates to a tower crane, in particular with a horizontal boom, with a support equipped with one or more chassis. frame and a bogie rotatably arranged on this support frame, on which one of two parts existing tower is mounted, the lower part of which is hinged at one end to the bogie, while the upper Tower part is hinged to the other side of the lower tower part, so that both parts between one

009837/1175 ^ d ork »nAl

horizontal rest position, in which they preferably lie on top of one another, and a vertical working position can be given away.

The cranes of this type are very satisfactory as lifting and distribution devices on construction sites. she However, they have various disadvantages, among which the following should be mentioned: -

• The erection of such cranes is complex and time-consuming and must also be carried out by specialists v / earth.

- You are at risk of falling over in strong winds.

- After they are erected, they can only be used on rails, are driven, the construction of which is expensive.

The invention sets itself the task of eliminating the disadvantages of the previous tower cranes and adding a tower crane, in particular with a horizontal boom create, its erection and dismantling in a very short time, without human intervention, by a simple Remote control, like an ordinary work process (Lifting, turning, etc.) can be carried out.

009137/1175

BATH ORIGINAL

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a tower crane, which is characterized by one that can be displaced on the lower part of the door by means of a drive Slide or the like., At least one link that connects the slide with a fixed pivot point connects to the bogie, which is at a distance from the pivot point of the lower tower part on the bogie so that the lower part of the tower moves from its horizontal rest position to its vertical working position and vice versa - can be swiveled by means of the slide-handlebar gear, furthermore by a handlebar system, which is the slide or another point of the bogie and the lower part of the tower existing system with the upper part of the tower in order to - when the lower part of the tower is raised - the Erect the upper part of the tower and - vice versa, automatically fold it down onto the lower part to effect

In a crane according to the invention are not only but also eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages associated with erecting and dismantling the crane

009837/1175

OBiGlNAL

those who, from the gusts of wind, bow down » or shift maneuvers. In the case of strong winds, the crane according to the invention can be used to move anyone Prevent an accident, be folded up. For his All you have to do to transport the crane is fold it up and open it to build another construction site again, so that this Change of location can be carried out easily and safely "

Important developments of the invention are based on the subclaims and the following Description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the tower of a

inventive tower crane in elevation, Fig. 2 the control for lifting the boom

when erecting the tower in elevation, Fig. 3 is a side view of the telescopic

Boom,
Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in

2iS. 3,
Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, from which the guidance of the hoist rope in the pulley can be seen,

,: "00M37 / 1176.

ÖAD ORIGINAL

Pig. 6 is a view similar to FIGS. 3 and 5, from which the control of the trolley can be seen,

7 and 8 schematically and partially a broader one Embodiment of the boom, and

Fig «9» 10 and 11 show the double locking device in several jobs.

According to FIG. 1, the tower crane according to the invention has a chassis 1, of conventional design with one or more drive axles ^ or simple running axles - 2, which are provided with wheels 3 or chains. The chassis carries at 4 foldable arms, indicated schematically, to which cylinders are assigned, which give the crane the required stability during operation.

A bogie 5 is arranged on the chassis 1, which rests on the chassis 1 through the intermediary of a slewing ring 6 with ball bearings. The bogie 5. carries a (not shown) rotary drive and replacement unit, a winch (also not shown) so / ie a counterweight 7 arranged on the rear part of the bogie points in the area its front part has a hinge axis 8, around which

009837/1176

a lower tower part 9 can be pivoted. On the lower part of the tower An upper part IO of the tower is articulated by means of a joint 11 arranged on the rear side of the tower.

In the present case, the lower part 9 is shorter than the upper part 10, the difference in length being approximately is equal to the length of the bogie 5. At rest, the lower part 9 can be in the extension of the Bogie 5 extend horizontally, while the upper part 10, when it is tipped over on the former, see extends over the bogie.

Blocks 12 are arranged on the bogie 5. Furthermore, the lower part 9 of the tower has on its front side (directed downwards in the idle state) a Guide 1J, in which a carriage 14 move can. This is designed as a cutter with a correspondingly rotatably arranged lead screw 15 cooperates 1 that of one on the tower base 9 mounted drive and auxiliary unit 16 can be set in rotation.

BAD ORIGfNAL

The carriage 14 carries bearing pins 17 ″ through Link 18 are connected to articulation points 19 which are provided on the supports 12 carried by the bogie 5 on both sides of the tower. Besides, everyone wears Bearing pin 17 a link 20 which is connected to an articulation point 21. Two go from the latter Handlebars 22 and 23, which have fixed pivot points 2H or 25 on the front sides of the tower parts 9 or « are connected.

From the drawing it can be seen that the hinge points 19 are set back somewhat from the erected one Tower and are located as high as possible in order to take into account the required space.

Provided that the tower parts are put together, as indicated in solid lines the erection of the Turaes as follows:

The drive and reduction unit 16 is set in motion around the carriage 14 on the lead screw to move along the tower part 9 and from the

• ••• U / .UTS

Remove the drive unit and subset. The fact that the hinge points 19 are above and behind the hinge axis "results in the erection of the lower screen part 9, since the links 18 have an invariable length. Furthermore, the moving closer together of the points 1? And 24 causes the between the rigid rods 20 and 22 angle formed thereafter _s strives to close, by its tip is moved back 21 from the furmteil 9 so that, through the intermediary of the rigid arm 2 $, the upper ÜJuriateil 10 ^ e higher the lower! Burmteil is erected 9 The ühiria is unfolded · Of course, the lengths of the handlebars · and the positions of the joints are chosen in such a way that when the lower! des is located.

At the end of the stroke, when the ^f ira is erected vertically (position 9 * and IG ^{5 ), the arm becomes the handlebar 18 that occupies the position Ί8 1} and that of the arm 18 that occupies the position 20% 22 'and 23'

009 * 37/1175

BAP ORIGINAL

Link system 20, 22 and 23 kept effective »The complete crane tower is in working position and is held in this position without any locking. To get up, it was sufficient to simply press a button that controls the power supply of the unit 16. The folding of the tunnel can be done by a corresponding control, in that the drive and submerged assembly is driven in the opposite direction of rotation.

As mentioned above, with the upper OJurmteil teleskopisclie organs of any kind can be combined ,, the height of the tower _t after its erection, su vergrößerno-

Hit BeEUg on Fig. 2 now the connection will be established of the boom with the aforementioned articulation system for the purpose of its automatic lifting when erecting the tower described.

As indicated below, this boom consists of two or more sections, but only.

a boom section articulated at 28 on the upper screen part 10 27 is shown. Baltic ropes 29 and a set of struts 30 are assigned to this section, which are connected to this section at 31.

A point 32 of this set of struts is _{articulated to a point 36 of the frame by two tie rods 33 9} 3 & * which are articulated at 35.

The lengths and articulation points of the tie rods 33 'and of the link 37 are chosen such that in the boom position the sum of the lengths of the tie rod V ^ and of the link 37 is equal to the distance between the points 36 and 36.

Fig. 2 is readily apparent au that im Moment in which the üiurza is erected as previously described will, the tie rods 33, 3 & »of a certain Position on the Strehensysteni a train

009 * 37/1175

ORIGINAL

exercise so that the boom lifts up to the upper part of the brain and is raised as a result of the movement of the tower allnKhHcli bie su a horizontal band position, when the extension itself is bank right "The two tie rods 35 and 34 are aligned. However, in order to 4 "de vistcuag these Zugstasgtäi on the tower in working position to Tunaeiden, the preference""ironthe!" Nicer 37 consists of white "B" with 3d articulated js whose total length is greater, as the distance between the bathers 35 and 11 «

From the foregoing it can be seen that the head Dimensions during assembly are the same,% rie the Main dimensions during transport, and as the stability the ganaen unit during the erection durtai the normal counterweight 7 dec crane largely secured is.

In Fig. 2 the slsseates are shown partially erected with the same reference numerals as in the folded up. location * However, additionally provided with two lines.

Bsi the embodiment according to Fig. 3-6, the boom consists of two telescopic ^ !! Sections 27 and 40. When the sections are fully retracted , this arrangement allows the main dimensions for (transport and lifting

As described above, is the first section Z? hinged to the top of the tower at 26 and held in a horizontal position during the work by the tensioning cable © 29 "the strut system 30 and the rear tie rods 33 ₅ 34" As shown in fig. 4 as best seen, this section 27 has a rectangular cross section that is open at the bottom. Its upper belt consists of IT profiles 41 j in! - / © -lohen. Rollers 42 mounted on the second section 40 can run.

Vie inclined _? this section has a triangular cross-section and carries a sieve height 42 _S in the area of its foot which guides it in the first section. About the lower strap of the section 40 is formed a "fioröh ein! -Profile 45, on which the hells 44 of a Lauflcatse 45 move,

009837/1175

ORIGINAL

As can be seen from FIG. 5, a hoist rope 46 of the crane, which extends upwards from a winch (not shown), runs, as usual, over a deflection pulley 47, which is provided at the short tip, then over pulleys 48 of the Trolley 45, over.eine Umfcehrscheibe 49 at the tip of the boom, furthermore over a further Umfcehrscheibe 59 ssn. foot of the second section 40 and is finally at the end of the first section 2? attached at 51. Thanks to this device, the length of the rope and consequently the height of a lifting hook 52 remain unchanged, regardless of the value by which the second section of the boom was telescopically shifted. During the telescopic movement, the hook 52 is shifted horizontally »

In.Pig, 6 is a further © Selescope training of the Cantilever. For this purpose there is a back and forth outgoing device provided, consisting of a Rope 53? which vo, u emanates from a special wind 5 ^, and over two disks arranged at the foot of the boom 55 and one at the end of the first section 27 angeord ~ nets, horizontal deflection pulley 56 runs, with the

009Ö37 / 117S

a strand of this rope is attached to the second section 40 of the boom at 57. It is clear that means this rope 53 of the second ibaehnitt 40 of the boom can be adjusted as desired.

As can also be seen from Pig 6, an endless rope 58 goes around the second section 40 of the boom by running over four sheaves 59. This rope is attached at 60 to the trolley 45 and at 61 at the end of the first section 27 "Ss it is clear that during the teleakopic adjustment of the second Ausiöger- ■ ab'söhä &'ttes 40, this endless rope 58 the VerscMeboag djsr; ■ ■ trolley moves 4 $ on the wide section 40. If this section 40 is extended, the trolley automatically moves to the end of the boom, while when section 40 is retracted, the trolley comes back to the bottom of the boom. The telescopic ■ production of the boom and the travel of the trolley on it. soiait controlled by means of an Eisazigen. This direction allows the length of the boom for transport zm without a handle

0-09837 / 117 $ '

SAD

i933373 - 15 -

reduce by all ropes in division of labor remain, without any additional mechanism is required.

As indicated above, if desired, the boom can consist of more than two sections The system is then similar to that described above; only in this case the trolley becomes the last. section carried. *

In Hg ·? and 8 is the fixed first section at 63 of a telescopic horizontal Sranauelegere referred to, the above generally besclisiebene Has construction. At his end he is at it Holding rope 65 of the boom held. Sin. second, extendable Section of the boom is denoted by 64 ·. To make the drawing clearer, äind the other crane parts »those with those of the Eg. 1 are, not shown·

From Figs. 7 and 8 au can be seen that the second section 64 has a cross section »the is smaller than the cross-section of the first section

009837/1175

tee 63. Section 64 is in the area of its end guided on a first row of hollows 66 which are supported on the lower surface of the first section 63, as well as by means of additional rollers 67 * which are distributed over the length of the erate section The stresses resulting from the loads, which are absorbed by the second section 64, are picked up by a second row of rollers 68, which are provided at the foot of this second section, namely at its upper part, these Support rollers on the inner surface of the upper part of the first section 63.

In the present case, this first section 63 has two belts on its lower part, which form a roller track 69 for rollers 70 of a trolley 71, and the second section 64 hits in the area of its free end - which is also true in the fully retracted position, as shown in FIG 7, shown with dashed lines, remains outside the first section - two frame elements which form a runway 72 . When the second section 64

009 «37/117 5

" ^{: 4} i. 'SAD ORIGINAL

is fully retracted, then forms the runway 72 the extension of the runway 69 of the first section 63.

7 it can be seen that "in a device described with reference to Pig 5, the hoisting rope 73 coming from the winch (not shown) runs over a pulley 74 mounted on the top of the tower, then over the pulleys of the trolley 71" Via a reversing disk 75 provided at the free end of the second section 64 and via a further reversing disk 76 located at the foot of this second section, to a plague point 77 in the area of the outer end of the first section that the lifting hook 73 can move in a horizontal plane.

In Fig. 8 the device is shown for a control rope 79 of the trolley 71 and the input and Extending the boom is provided. This rope comes from a straightening winch (not shown) that runs first via a disc provided at the top of the tower

009837/1175

80 and is attached to the trolley 71 at 81 ". A Another rope strand 82, which starts from the fastening point 81, runs over a dee swide at the free end Section 64 provided reversing disc 86, then over a horizontally arranged disc 84 provided on the first section 63 and finally via one on the Tufl of the first section arranged reversing disk 85 before it reaches the straightening winch «Hit this device are the control of the trolley on the first section and the retraction of the second section, the at its end the trolley carries, accomplished.

reference is now made to eds. 9-11, the one Lock device show which control

the trolley "and the entry and exit of the Auelegere from a single winch.

The second section 64 of the boom carries in the area of its end part, a hook 87, which on this Section is pivoted at 88 and by means of a rod 89 with a under the action of a Tension spring 91 standing lever 90 is connected. In loading

009837/1176

ftAD ORIGINAL

drive position works the head of the hook 87 with a provided on the first section 63 of the boom attachment 92 together to the two boom sections in to lock the fully retracted position in which the! runways 69 and 72 are against each other, so that the trolley 71 can drive over from one boom section to the other.

This device avoids that the runway debris 69 and 72 separate as long as the trolley 71 is not located on the second section 64. To effect the unlocking after the trolley has traveled this second gate, is on the trolley a stop 95 is provided which abuts the lever 90 (see Fig. 10) to the hook 87 from the approach 92 take off when the trolley has reached the find of the second section. The second section the boom can then be extended.

To restrain the trolley 71 on this second section 64 as long as it is not completely is retracted, d. H. as long as the runways 69 and do not touch each other, is on this second section

009837/1176

a hook 95 is provided, which is pivotably mounted at 96, and to which a rod 97 ending in a stop 99 is associated, which rod 97 cooperates with a compression spring 98 which normally holds the hook in the working position. A further stop 100 is provided on the first boom section. In addition, the running eats cat w provided with a trailer nose one hundred and first

In the position shown in FIG. 11, as can be seen, the trolley is retained on the second Abechnit 64 and connected to it. When the two boom parts are in a fully telescopic position (Fig. 10) _; the stops 99 and 100 work together to cause the lifting of the hook 95, which then releases the trailer nose 101 so that the catwalk can easily reach the first boom section.

The whole movement is done as described below:

009837/1175

8AO ORIGINAL

It is assumed that the trolley is at the foot of the boom. The control of the sight winch acts to the front via the cable run 82 (FIG. 2) in order to pull the trolley forward to the end of the first section 63. Then the trolley comes to the second extendable section 64. When it reaches its end, its stop 93 engages the lever 90, whereby the hook 97 is actuated and releases the section 64, which is then carried forward by the part of the rope 82 which is located between the two sections, until this section is fully extended. During this movement, the ³ lifting cocoa of the crane are shifted horizontally.

The opposite movement is done in the same way. The reverse control of the hoist winch causes with the mediation of the rope 79 (Fig. 8) the return movement of the second section 64, since the trolley 71 locked on this second section by the hook 95 is. When the second section arrives in the fully retracted position, the stops work and 99 together to activate the hook and

009837/1175

cat 71 release, thus on the first section 63 runs up. During this displacement it releases the lever 90 and the two sections 63, 64 are locked. The trolley then runs to the foot of the boom, in which case the lifting hook 78 is again horizontal emotional.

- patent claims -

008837/1176

Claims (1)

Claims 1 · Tower crane, especially with a horizontal jib, with one with one or more chassis auegerUateten Traggeatell and a bogie rotatably arranged on this support frame, on which a tower consisting of two parts is mounted, the lower part of which is hinged to the bogie, while the upper part of the tower is hinged to the other end of the lower part of the tower, so that both parts between a horizontal rest position, in which ax preferably lie on top of one another, and a vertical one Working position can be pivoted, characterized by a means on the lower tower part (9) a drive sliding carriage (l4) or the like., at least one link (18), representing the slide with a fixed pivot point (19) · «bogie (5) connection point, which is at a distance from the hinge point (8) of the lower tower part (9) on the bogie (5), so that the lower part of the tower from its horizontal rest position to its vertical working position - and vice versa - by means of the slide-handlebar »gearbox 009837/1175 can be pivoted, furthermore by a handlebar eye system (20-25), which the slide (l (t) or another Point dee from the bogie (5) and the lower tower part (9) existing Sy et oma with the upper tower part (io) connects to - when the lower part of the tower is raised - the erection of the upper tower will be part of it and - vice versa - fold it down to the bottom » to do its part automatically » 2 «, tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the bogie (5) at least a trestle (12) carries with which »the carriage (l4) or one or more articulation points provided on the same are connected. 3ο tower crane according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the drive of the slide (14) comprises a lead screw (15) cooperating with a nut part dos Schiittons and a drive and reduction unit (16) for driving the lead screw = 0 9 8 3 7/1175 SAO ORlQiNAU 4 β tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage (14) each with a fixed point (24,25) of the lower and the upper part, the crane tower (9 or 10) by means of a Handlebar system (22,23) is connected «, 5. Tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower tower part at rest » position horizontally and in the extension of the rotation * frame (5) lies. 6. Tower crane according to claim 5 »characterized in that the upper tower part (1O) is longer is, as the lower turntable part (9) and in the rest position above this and above the bogie i5) extends α 7 »Tower crane according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper tower part (IQ) consists of several telescopic parts _e 8 _O tower crane according to claim 1, characterized geke η η -ζ eich η et that the boom consists of at least two telescopic sections (27,40), of which the first (27) is hinged to the top of the tower 9 · Tower crane according to claim 8, characterized in that the first suspension section (27), which preferably has a rectangular cross-section, carries belts ((ti) designed as rails, which serve to guide and hold the riding section (40), which can have a triangular cross-section 1Oe tower crane according to claims 1,8 and 9 »thereby characterized in that the hoist rope (46) of the Crane on the boom (27.4O) over two deflection pulleys (49.50) runs, which are mounted in the area of the end parts of the second section (40), and at the free end of the first section (27) is attached so that the rope length remains constant regardless of the extension of the second section. 11 * tower crane according to claim 10, characterized g β ke η η W is characterized in that it comprises the extension of the movable arm portion (40) device controlling a reciprocating cable (53) having one strand with the second portion (40) connected, and its deflection pulleys (55 »56) are arranged on the first section» 009837/117 & BAp ORIOiNAu 12. Tower crane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second bracket cut (40) is known per se Carrying trolley (45) which is connected at one point to an endless rope (58) which is passed around the "riding section and at another point (61) is connected to the first section (27) so that the extension of the second section allows the trolley to be moved on the same without additional Mechanism causes. 13 · Tower crane a & aoh one of the understanding claims, characterized in that the boom of the same in the rest position of the crane on the tower remains articulated, and that the boom (27) is articulated to the bogie (5) by a rear of two interconnected parts (33,34) existing tie rod is connected, the hinge point (35) between these parts with the pivot point (11) between the both parts of the gymnastics (9,10) is connected. 14. Tower crane according to claim 8, characterized in that the second portion (40) of the 008837/1176 sad original Auslagere (27,40) has a cross-section which is smaller than the cross-section of the first section (27) and is guided in the same by means of a first row of rollers (66), which are attached to the lower surface of the first section, in the area at its end , and by means of a second series of rollers (68) which are mounted on the upper part of the second section in the region of its foot, these latter rollers being supported against the interior of the upper surface of the first section «» 15a tower crane according to claim 14, characterized in that the first row of rollers (66) is supplemented by further rollers (67) which are distributed over the length of the first section (27) » 160 are aimed at the tower crane according l4 and 15 t characterized in that the lower surface of the first-section having swei'Gurte _t - defining, on -Soft the rollers (70) through a roller conveyor (69) of the .Laufkatze (45) where the second movable section - (4o) is completely retracted in the area of its free end, we "! = · chea box? 009837/1175 »ad original -X- cuts, remains outside the first section, deceives elements that form a runway (72) that, when the second © section is fully retracted, the Forms extension of the runway of the first section. 17 · Tower crane according to claims l4-l6, thereby characterized in that the hoist rope (46) via a disc (47) provided at the top of the tower, over the disks (48) of the trolley (45), over a disk (49) arranged at the free end of the second section (40), and over a further disk (51) at the foot of the second section to a plague point 51 on the first section (27) runs around each Avoid changing the height of the lifting hook (52) during the bin- or Auefahrana of the boom sections l8. Tower crane according to claims 14-17 »thereby characterized in that the Kommonde from the straightening winch, the trolley (71) controlling rope (79,82) via a disc (So) provided at the top of the tower to a fixed point (oil) on the trolley, then 00-0837 / 1175 «ad via one at the outer end of the second section (64) provided disc (86) through the inside of the riding section, then over one at the foot of the second section provided disc (? 6) and then back over another disc carried by the first section (63) (85) runs back to the straightening winch. 19 ο tower crane according to claims l4-l8, thereby g e k e η η ζ e rejects that a lock » device (87,92) is provided, which extends the outer section (64) in relation to the first section (63) In the fully retracted position, the trolley will last as long (71) is on the latter, as well as organs (89e 90) that cause the unlocking of this device when the trolley is on the second section aakosBat. J 20 «tower crane according to claims 14-19«, characterized in that a further locking device (95,101) retains the trolley (71) on the second section (64) as long as this is partially extended, and that organs (97 "10O) - νοτ ^ are seen to effect the unlocking of this device when the second section is fully retracted with respect to the first « 009837/1176 «AD ORfGtNAl